Magister Commercii - MCom / Information and communication technologies (ICT) have changed the way healthcare processes are being documented. This results in better quality and ethical vigilance to ensure a more accurate form of data recordkeeping (Stevenson, Nilsson, Petersson & Johansson, 2010). Health care in South Africa, is facing major issues relating to patient care, such as delays in patients receiving medical care. According to the national Department of Health, the improvement of public healthcare facilities is crucial (McIntyre & Ataguba, 2017). Information and communication technology (ICT) has the ability to significantly alter the status of healthcare services in the Western Cape, which can be achieved through the role of an electronic healthcare record (EHR).

This essay aims to investigate whether Electro hypersensitivity (EHS) can be considered a disability. The essay’s core begins with the problematic point of view that some people claim they are suffering from EHS and experience severe issues when they encounter certain environments that contain radiation, more specifically health care within hospitals. People with EHS believe that their symptoms appear because of electromagnetic fields (EMF) consisting of radiation from Wi-Fi or mobile towers among other things. Because of this, people with EHS find it difficult seeking medical help for not only problems with EHS, but any type of health issues. This, since healthcare often chooses not to adapt and make their facilities available for their intended needs. The symptom itself is not questioned by scientists, doctors, or politicians. The main thing that are questioned on the other hand are the cause of EHS. Some scientists claim that they have trouble seeing a link between the symptoms of EHS occurring because of EMF. Because of this, two sides of EHS arise. One side claim that people experience severe symptoms when they encounter EMF, while the other side claims that this cannot be demonstrated with objective facts. The essay thus aims to answer two questions: first, can EHS be considered a disability? Second, are these people discriminated against within medical health care because of their lack of adequate health care? The answer to these questions is based on applicable laws such as Swedish law and international conventions which Sweden is obligated to follow. Previous medical research is also important to consider. To help answer the questions the theoretical framework of the essay states that a functional limitation does not hinge on an individual's inherent abilities, but rather on the compatibility between a person's physical capabilities and an environment that fails to cater to their specific requirements. Consequently, a functional impairment emerges. The result of the analysis therefore shows that in some cases there can exist a functional impairment even though there is no established disability or disease.

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外商來我國投資設廠後，外商(尤其是美商)在執行勞工安全衛生管理成效比本國類似事業單位優異，一樣的勞工在相同法律下會有如此的差異呢？藉由美商台灣開利股份有限公司與杜邦公司的安全衛生管理實務，來探討其成功的因素。 當然安全衛生管理工作有部分，涉及到ISO機構的基本精神是希望消除各國除關稅以外的貿易障礙，與全球分工與公平競爭部份並非屬於本研究的主題。但就生命的尊重與員工照顧而言是值得我們肯定與借鏡。 他山之石可以攻錯之，外商大部分的員工都是本國同胞，在相同的國家文化與法律制度下，安全衛生績效成果皆比大部分本國的企業優異。我們就可以從幾個安全衛生管理關鍵因素來探討，希望以此探討以期能使我國的企業安全衛生工作更加確實，減少職業災害的發生。讓勞工能從考量自身安全為出發成為最注意本身安全的人，而非一般勞工普遍存在安全衛生是老闆的事，是安全衛生專責人員的事的謬誤。 老實說發生事故造成傷害或是不幸死亡時，是自己最親近的人和自己受到傷害。要保護自己的安全只有靠自己，別人總是沒有辦法隨時盯著你所以安全是必須靠自己的。 一、安全衛生管理 研究探討美商安全衛生管理稽核管理制度，相同的人員與法律制度下，在不同的安全衛生管理系統下所產生的管理結果卻是不同。發現安全衛生管理是屬於生產活動的一部份而且是有系統化的管理工作，是與生產活動相結合的必要行為。 二、勞動檢查機構 專業和有效的稽核檢查工作，使企業推行的安全衛生管理工作可以被專業的安全衛生稽核人員仔細且確實的稽核審查，並在稽核後做確實可行的改善方案，追蹤企業對安全衛生管理做持續改善；讓安全衛生管理工作可被企業確實推行。 三、政府勞動主管單位 以安全衛生成效作為鼓勵投資的項目之一，配合政府採購法、結合商業保險的優惠費率、職業災害保護法的教育訓練與提供實際有效的安全衛生管理技術給本國企業，改善勞工安全衛生管理工作；配合消防法建築法與環保相關法規的修訂來增進「本質安全」的安全衛生管理理念。 四、如何從被動經驗轉換成主動經驗。所謂主動經驗就是我們一般所說的再哪裡跌倒，就要從哪裡爬起來。但是這就必須付出十分慘痛的經驗──例如：受傷、失能傷害、殘廢、嚴重者喪失寶貴的生命。將別人的主動經驗（相對是我們的是被動經驗）轉為我們的主動經驗，就是將被動經驗轉為主動經驗，也就是說不用跌倒也可以學到經驗。就如同經濟活動的進步一般迅速，安全衛生管理是隨著經濟活動而衍生出來，相同的安全衛生管理也應該隨著經濟成長而使得安全衛生管理更有績效。 五、安全衛生管理的教育訓練 美商安全衛生管理的教育訓練是持續的並且是有系統化的會配合安全衛生政策、安全衛生風險評估、事故調查、傷害趨勢與勞動相關法規配合的教育訓練。將一系列安全衛生教育融入事業的生產行事曆中，讓安全教育訓練需求是來自事業體中的各個單位。 並且讓勞工能了解安全衛生工作是在保護勞動者本身安全，唯有自己保護自己才是最上策。經由美商企業的投資可將其安全衛生管理技術在本國紮根，並藉由員工的流動可將安全衛生管理技術傳遞。其實這種經驗的傳遞方式非常類似經濟進步的脈絡，例如：歐美從工業革命至今約200年，經濟發展才有今日的水準，日本約追趕了百年才有今日的成就，台灣像歐美及日本學習約30年就有今日的規模，中國大陸改革開放約10年成長速度之迅速無與倫比。這就是企業投資與經驗迅速傳授的重要例證；相信只要安全衛生管理的成效有如經濟投資般的誘因，也可以讓安全衛生管理系統快速在企業界發展起來。 用以介紹美商安全衛生管理制度優點為借鏡，來找出如何確實做好安全衛生工作；使得勞工安全衛生法律在執行上能確實保護勞工安全與健康；進而減少相關的社會問題，並減少勞資在安全衛生管理的爭議，企業營運成本降低，使得企業獲利增加；國民生產毛額增加，國民的實質所得增加，使我們能與工業先進國家競爭。 其實就整個社會經濟而言，這是個內在成本與外在成本的問題而已。今天企業若只考慮其本身營運成本而部投資在安全衛生上，就等於將其內部成本推給社會（政府），由納稅人來補貼企業投資者，將企業風險轉嫁給社會大眾，雖然企業投資者也可能是納稅人之一。更使得資源分配不均勻。所以說讓企業從事安全衛生的投資也是促進實現社會公平的方法之一。 我們上學讀書就是一種快速的經驗累積，如何將別人的經驗累積成自己的經驗的最快方法就是學習，而且是有系統的學習，就可以非常快速的累積前人的經驗。在安全衛生管理上也是如此，如何讓員工很快速了解危害與危害可能造成的傷害，進而保護自己避免危害到自己的最好方式就是合適的教育訓練和充分的溝通。也就是說他人所犯的錯誤 (我的被動經驗)經由安全衛生管理系統作有系統的事故調查，結構化的事故原因分析，透過宣導溝通管道來讓員工吸收該經驗，並且依照嚴密的管理系統來改善發生事故原因，並透過美商跨國公司宣導管道將改善措施分發給每一家子公司作預防性的管理措施，來抑制職業傷害發生，別人跌倒我們就要小心，不再重蹈覆轍。就是職業災害發生後的事故調查，並且將調查結果與改善方案公告週知，事故單位的經驗就轉成其他單位的主動經驗。可迅速從相關單位得到相關經驗，也就是說不用跌倒也可以得到經驗。 在本文中會再詳細討論將被動經驗傳承為主動經驗的有效方法與實例。並以成功案例作為本研究之範例來詳細說明。 / Why are the American companies’ branches in Taiwan that is good for Environment, Health & Safety management system than local companies? These are same employees and regulations in Taiwan, but different performance result of Environment, Health & Safety (EH&S) management system. That is this paper to research approaches. I have been worked at Carrier Taiwan and position in EH&S coordinator. I try to study and find out American companies as Carrier Taiwan Co., Ltd and Du Pont Taiwan Co., Ltd. Environment, Health & Safety management systems practice advantages. Moreover, introduce them to local companies to learn it and improvement Environment, Health & Safety management system. Then let local companies reduce occupational injury, further approach to save company compensation expenses. Other issues are suggestion government relevant departments to quick get experiences to amend laws and regulations to improve local companies Environment, Health & Safety management system performance. Protect labors to keep away injury and illness is my paper study approach.

This diploma thesis quite thoroughly deals with - at present a very topical - theme "liability for damage caused by a defective product"; thus, with an obligation to compensate for the damage caused by the defective product to its user (or third party), generally imposed on the person who is designated as the "producer" of the product, originally based on the Council Directive of 25 July 1985 on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning liability for defective products (85/374/EEC) (hereinafter 'Directive 85/374/EEC'). However, this work is not limited only to the (thorough) description of the currently valid and effective Czech implementing legislation. The thesis also compares the Czech legislation with the French implementing regulation, which is of a significantly higher legislative quality and much more faithful to its Union model. In fact, it was specifically France which shaped the final form of this responsibility regime, since it was the French transposition, and the French decision-making (judicial) practice, which was most often the subject of the Court of Justice's, as it ruled on the interpretation of the individual provisions and principles in the text of the previously mentioned directive contained. Nevertheless, France,...

American policy towards European integration process has always seemed equivocal: on one hand it actively supported and encouraged the process, but on the other hand it tried to contain some specific European ambitions and steer the process in a desirable direction. The objective of the thesis is to offer a possible explanation of the long-term US policy towards the European integration and European region in general. The dissertation presents a hypothesis that the American policy towards Europe since the Second World War until current times can be explained within the theorethical concept of "regional hegemony strategy". The concept builds on neorealist and neoliberal interpretations of hegemony, which are applied to the process of formulation of American grand strategy. It identifies a set of independent variables effecting the resulting strategy and operationalizes the expected strategy into particular goals. The empirical part of the dissertation then tests the established hyphothesis in two ways. In the first part it analyzes the identified independent variables and tests the causality betwen their historical evolution and evolution of the American grand strategy, especially in relation to the European region. In the consequent parts, it focuses on the American policy towards the European integration...

The aim of the work will assess whether current legislation is sufficient to work mode drivers in road transport and mutual comparison of process control components. In the case of deficiencies, the proposed solutions in the legislative change, but also the methodologies process control components.

This master’s thesis focus on the analysis of work conditions and risk assessment for specific company and specific project. It brings better condition to current action in health and safety area during all working activities. Emphasis is placed on safety of work and health protection of workers. The work provides information about theory of security work explores its practical application in the organization and gives a view into risk assess and risk management.