Electronic Information Resources (EIR) can be seen as invaluable teaching and research tools, which complement print-based resources and enhance the learning and research processes in any academic institution. The aims of this research were to investigate, analyse and discuss the use of and needs for EIR and existing training in promoting and enhancing the quality of teaching and research activities amongst academic staff at the University of Bahrain. Extensive quantitative, qualitative and theoretical methods were used to identify and analyse academic staff EIR skills, knowledge and awareness. The population of the study is made up of all the full-time faculty members working at the University of Bahrain. A total of 593 questionnaires were distributed and 466 completed ones were returned, giving an overall response rate of 78.5%, and these were used for the purpose of the study. The result of the study revealed that printed resources are the sources of information most used for teaching and research. The colleges of Law, Art and Education had the lowest percentages of usage of EIR compared with other colleges. Work overload, lack of awareness, low skill levels, slow servers, ineffective communication systems, language barriers and a preference for print resources were among the primary constraints that affected academic staff uptake and use of electronic resources in teaching and research. One-to-one training was the preferred training method for those academics wishing to enhance their EIR skills. It was recommended that there is a need for greater promotion from the upper level decision-makers at the university if they wish to see greater use of electronic resources in teaching and research. Strategic conceptual models designed to provide solutions to the current problems and to help in setting policies and decisions for the effective use of EIR in teaching and research are given.

South Africa and other countries are using Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) as one of the Environmental management tools. The EIA process is reliant on the information presented in the Environmental Impact Report (EIR). The quality of information supplied by the developers in the EIR, plays an integral role in the whole decision making process done by the authorities; to approve and disapprove the EIR. If approved, a record of decision (ROD) is issued to the developers stipulating the conditions that they must adhere to, during the implementation of the project Using the South African modified Lee Colley review package this dissertation presents the results of research done on the assessment of quality of the EIR's for housing development in the Nkangala district of Mpumalanga province. The results reveal that 73% of Environmental Impact Reports of housing developments in the Nkangala district are of satisfactory quality. However, there were some omissions and inadequacies on alternatives and mitigation which are discussed in detail in this dissertation. The dissertation ends with a conclusion and recommendations. / Thesis (M. Environmental Science)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

South Africa and other countries are using Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) as one of the Environmental management tools. The EIA process is reliant on the information presented in the Environmental Impact Report (EIR). The quality of information supplied by the developers in the EIR, plays an integral role in the whole decision making process done by the authorities; to approve and disapprove the EIR. If approved, a record of decision (ROD) is issued to the developers stipulating the conditions that they must adhere to, during the implementation of the project Using the South African modified Lee Colley review package this dissertation presents the results of research done on the assessment of quality of the EIR's for housing development in the Nkangala district of Mpumalanga province. The results reveal that 73% of Environmental Impact Reports of housing developments in the Nkangala district are of satisfactory quality. However, there were some omissions and inadequacies on alternatives and mitigation which are discussed in detail in this dissertation. The dissertation ends with a conclusion and recommendations. / Thesis (M. Environmental Science)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

La transfusion sanguine est une thérapeutique indispensable pour laquelle il n’existe pas actuellement de substitut. La transfusion de produits sanguins labiles est dans la grande majorité des cas très bien tolérée mais elle peut être à l’origine d’effets indésirables chez les receveurs (EIR) notamment de type inflammatoire. Ceci dépend de facteurs liés aux produits eux-mêmes et/ou aux receveurs de par leur prédisposition génétique et de leur état clinique. Les concentrés plaquettaires (CP) sont la principale source de manifestations inflammatoires et/ou allergiques. Ceci est notamment dû, en partie, à la capacité des plaquettes à sécréter une multitude de molécules ayant une activité inflammatoire. De plus, les processus de collecte, de préparation et de conservation induisent un stress vis-à-vis des cellules, qui peut activer les plaquettes et donc induire la production de produits inflammatoires dans les CP. Le but de ce travail de thèse a été dans un premier temps d’identifier les molécules les plus impliquées dans les manifestations inflammatoires. Le sCD40L en particulier est identifié comme étant largement impliqué dans les EIR après transfusion de CP, mais pas systématiquement. Aussi, la composante inflammatoire de ces réactions est multifactorielle. De plus, nous avons évalué le potentiel inflammatoire des CP sur l’endothélium vasculaire. Des différences d’activation des cellules endothéliales, dans un modèle in vitro, ont été observées lorsqu’elles sont en présence de surnageants de CP ayant induits un EIR. Ce travail de thèse poursuit l’effort entrepris par notre équipe de recherche, en vue de prédire la survenue d’EIR et de préciser les mécanismes qui influencent la physiopathologie plaquettaire transfusionnelle ; un corollaire de ces travaux est ainsi d’optimiser les processus de production et de conditionnement des CP transfusés afin de réduire ces réactions inflammatoires. / Blood transfusion is an indispensable therapy for which there is currently no substitute. Transfusion of blood products is in the great majority of cases very well tolerated but it can be at the origin of serious adverse reactions (SARs), notably of inflammatory reactions. This depends on the factors related to the products themselves and/or to the recipients, their genetic predisposition and clinical condition. Platelet concentrates (PCs) are the main source of inflammatory and/or allergic manifestations. This is due, in part, to the ability of platelets to secrete a multitude of molecules with inflammatory activity. In addition, the collection, processing and storage conditions induce stress on cells, which can activate platelets and thus induce the production of inflammatory products in PCs. The purpose of this work is to identify the molecules involved in inflammatory manifestations. sCD40L was identified as being involved in SARs after PCs transfusion, but not systematically. Also, the inflammatory component of these reactions is multifactorial. In addition, we evaluated the inflammatory potential of PCs on the vascular endothelium. Differences in endothelial cell activation, in an in vitro model, were observed when they were in the presence of PC supernatants involved in SARs. This thesis work continues the effort undertaken by our research team to predict the occurrence of SARs and to clarify the mechanisms that influence transfusional platelet physiopathology; a corollary of this work is to optimize the production and conditioning process of PCs transfused in order to reduce these inflammatory reactions.

This thesis is a study on solutions for cross-border insolvency of multinational corporate groups, with particular reference to the EU Regulation on insolvency proceedings recast 2015 (EIR Recast). Multinational corporate groups are important players in the modern business world; how to treat them in cross-border insolvency context has been hotly debated. The main issue is how to preserve the value of the group under circumstances where member companies in the same group are in more than one country and subject to more than one set of insolvency law. The existing solutions include substantive consolidation, procedural consolidation proposed by cross-border insolvency law scholars, market/hybrid legal solutions aiming to avoid group-wide insolvency, and the EIR recast which unprecedentedly provides 'group coordination proceedings' to respond to this issue as a procedural cooperation framework. All these solutions will be examined in this thesis in the light of insolvency law/cross-border insolvency law theories and multinational enterprises theories. The aim of this thesis is to examine the existing solutions for cross-border insolvency of multinational corporate groups on the basis of a combination of insolvency law/cross-border insolvency law theories and multinational enterprises theories. The thesis starts from theoretical grounds of corporate rescue and argues that preservation of going concern value and respecting entity law are the goals of corporate rescue law. It further considers theories regarding multinational enterprises and its implications on developing cross-border insolvency solutions for multinational corporate groups. With an understanding of relevant theories, the thesis examines the procedural consolidation solution which focuses on insolvency jurisdictional rules. The result is that procedural consolidation may not be in line with the reality of how the groups are operated and may not provide certainty to the creditors and market. The thesis moves on to examine the market/hybrid legal solutions which purport to be able to avoid group-wide cross-border insolvency. It shows certain merits of these solutions and also reveals the limitations and uncertainty of them. Finally, it argues that a general insolvency cooperation framework- the new group coordination proceedings- is desirable to work as an alternative to the above-mentioned solutions with improved certainty. The thesis tries to improve the utility of the proceedings by providing a recommendation to one of their main weaknesses-the opt-out mechanism.

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В работе поднимается проблема застройщика, заключающаяся в получении им некачественной цифровой информационной модели (ЦИМ) от подрядных организаций, которые разрабатывают документацию на все стадии жизненного цикла объекта с использованием технологий информационного моделирования. Настоящее исследование проведено с целью создания правил стандартизации и классификации ЦИМ. В ходе работы были проанализированы существующие бизнес-процессы строительной компании, собраны и формализованы требования к цифровым информационным моделям, разработаны классификаторы зданий и сооружений, элементов, материалов. Результатом работы являются документ «Информационные требования Заказчика к разработке BIM-модели (Employer’s Information Requirements)», библиотека элементов ЦИМ, разработанная в соответствии с системой классификации. Также проведено обучение сотрудников застройщика по работе с классификаторами. Это позволит застройщику получать корректные информационные модели, которые можно использовать на всех стадиях жизненного цикла объекта. / The paper raises the problem of the developer, which consists in obtaining a low-quality digital information model (BIM-models) from contractors who develop documentation for all stages of the object's life cycle using information modeling technologies. This study was conducted to create rules for standardization and classification of BIM-models. During the work, the existing business processes of the construction company were analyzed, the requirements for digital information models were collected and formalized, classifiers of buildings and structures, elements, materials were developed. The result of the work is the document "Information requirements of the Customer for the development of a BIM model (Employer's Information Requirements)", a library of BIM-model elements developed in accordance with the classification system. The developer's employees were also trained to work with classifiers. This will allow the developer to obtain correct information models that can be used at all stages of the object's life cycle.

In order to make decisions to approve filling stations, an environmental impact assessment (EIA) needs to be conducted and evaluated by the competent authority. Although numerous filling stations have been authorised for operation, the quality of the EIA reports that form the basis for decision making has never been evaluated. The evaluation of the quality of EIA reports on filling station developments by means of an adapted Lee–Colley review package formed the basis of this research. The main conclusion was that the quality of the EIA reports for filling station developments, as reviewed by the adapted review package, is generally of a poor standard. This means that a decision to approve a new filling station is generally based on just enough information to the competent authority. The main deficiencies in the EIA reports related to site description, cumulative impacts and mitigation measures, while the environment description, identification of impacts, scoping of impacts, assessment of impact significance and emphasis (impacts) in the reports were of good quality. The results from the reviewed EIA’s correspond mostly with the literature on the review of EIA reports. / Thesis (M. Environmental Management)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.

In order to make decisions to approve filling stations, an environmental impact assessment (EIA) needs to be conducted and evaluated by the competent authority. Although numerous filling stations have been authorised for operation, the quality of the EIA reports that form the basis for decision making has never been evaluated. The evaluation of the quality of EIA reports on filling station developments by means of an adapted Lee–Colley review package formed the basis of this research. The main conclusion was that the quality of the EIA reports for filling station developments, as reviewed by the adapted review package, is generally of a poor standard. This means that a decision to approve a new filling station is generally based on just enough information to the competent authority. The main deficiencies in the EIA reports related to site description, cumulative impacts and mitigation measures, while the environment description, identification of impacts, scoping of impacts, assessment of impact significance and emphasis (impacts) in the reports were of good quality. The results from the reviewed EIA’s correspond mostly with the literature on the review of EIA reports. / Thesis (M. Environmental Management)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.

В работе описана необходимость создания машиночитаемых информационных требований заказчика для государственного сектора на примере Свердловской области. Проанализированы требования законодательства Свердловской области к ЦИМ. Описана механика создания машиночитаемых требований к цифровой информационной модели при помощи существующих ПО. Сделаны выводы о невозможности создания машиночитаемого EIR по требованиям законодательства, используя программные обеспечения, существующие на рынке. Поэтому создано техническое задание на разработку ПО, которое будет проверять ЦИМ по всем требованиям законодательства. / This work has a description of the necessity to create customers machine-readable information requirements for the public sector. The requirements of Sverdlovsk region legislation to the BIM model have been analyzed. The method of creating machine-readable requirements for a building information model using existing software is described. Conclusions about the impossibility of creating a machine-readable EIR according to the requirements of the legislation with using available on the market software have been done. Therefore, а technical task has been created for the development of software that will check the CIM for all legislation requirements.