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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
111

Efektivní návrh a provoz recyklační linky jako prvek komplexního odpadového řetězce / Effective proposal and operation of recycling line as an element in waste management

Dufka, Martin January 2019 (has links)
This master thesis deals with the current situation of waste management of material usable municipal waste with focus on various fractions of plastics. The theoretical part summarises the legislation of waste treatment, also contains an analysis of the current situation of waste management in the Czech Republic and comparison the situation in the European Union. In the next part of thesis are described basic fractions of plastics and their properties. There are mentioned the current problems with plastics processing and the risks of leakage to the environment. Furthermore, a complex chain of plastic waste reprocessing is described, since the inception of plastics waste to the manufacture of products made from recycled plastics. The most attention is paid to the discription of recycling plant, where the output material from sorting lines is reprocessed into a secondary material in the form of flakes or granules. Also this part is focused on the technology of recycling line and the individual devices are described. In the practical part of the thesis is created techno-economic model of recycling line with the aim of its use for balance calculations of recycling and also economic evaluation. As a part of the model was made a market research of secondary raw materials with a focus on price development. Subsequetly, sensitivity analyzes of selected parameters are applied to the model and the impact of scenarios on the economic results are evaluated.
112

Aplikace moderních metod syntézy sítě výměny tepla / Application of recent methods for synthesis of heat exchanger network

Kunc, Vlastimil January 2009 (has links)
Master’s thesis deals with the problems of heat exchanger network synthesis and compare the present methods with emphasis on Pinch Design Method and deterministic method. Based on theoretical formulation of deterministic model the computer program for heat exchanger network synthesis was developed in the software Maple environment. Developed software implementation of deterministic method has been applied to several case studies.
113

Evaluierung des Einsparpotentials durch Energierückgewinnung aus dem hybraulischen Kreislauf eines Hafenmobilkrans

Tempelhahn, Conny 11 January 2011 (has links)
Im Zuge strenger werdender Emissionsrichtlinien und steigender Kraftstoffpreise spielt die Energieeffizienz mobiler Arbeitsmaschinen eine zunehmend wichtigere Rolle. Die Firma Gottwald Port Technology GmbH hat in diesem Zusammenhang einen hybriden Antriebsstrang für einen Hafenmobilkran (HMK) in Zusammenarbeit mit der Technischen Universität Dresden erforscht und umgesetzt. Bei diesem Hybridsystem wird die kinetische und potentielle Energie aus dem elektrischen Hub- und Drehwerk des Krans, welche zuvor im Bremswiderstand in Wärme umgewandelt wurde, durch einen elektrischen Energiespeicher zurückgewonnen. Im Gegensatz dazu ist das hydraulisch betriebene Wippwerk noch nicht rückspeisefähig. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Identifikation einer technischen Lösung zur Energierückgewinnung aus der hydraulischen Anlage eines HMK und die Bewertung des erreichbaren Kraftstoffeinsparpotentials. Zunächst wird das bestehende hydraulische System untersucht, um die Anforderungen an das rückspeisefähige Konzept zu ermitteln. Dazu werden Modelle der Kinematik und Kinetik des Wippwerks abgeleitet. Anhand einer Entscheidungsanalyse wird ein hydraulisches Konzept aus einem Katalog verfügbarer Alternativen ausgewählt. Im Anschluss daran wird ein energieflussbasiertes Modell des Konzepts in Matlab/Simulink erstellt und in das bestehende Simulationsmodell integriert. Die Simulationsergebnisse zeigen ein großes Einsparpotential an Dieselkraftstoff durch den Einsatz des rückspeisefähigen Hydrauliksystems. / Due to stricter emission restrictions and rising fuel costs energy efficiency of mobile work machines is getting more important. In cooperation with Dresden University of Technology, Gottwald Port Technology GmbH has developed a mobile harbour crane with a hybrid drive train. This system can recuperate the kinetic and potential energy from the electrical slewing and hoisting gear, which was formerly dissipated to heat. This paper deals with the identification of a technical solution to recuperate energy form the hydraulic luffing gear to determine the potential reduction of fuel consumption. At first, the actual hydraulic system is analyzed to estimate the requirements of the new recuperation system. For that purpose, models of the kinematics and kinetics of the luffing gear are created. With the help of weighted criteria, a hydraulic concept is chosen of several alternatives. Afterwards, an energy flow based model in Simulink/Matlab is created and integrated in the existing simulation model of the crane. The simulation results confirm a considerable reduction of diesel fuel due to the application of hydraulic recuperation system.
114

Optimization of directional control valves through downstream compensation approach

Mesturini, Davide, Dolcin, Cesare, Busani, Ulderico, Marani, Pietro, Bonavolonta, Antonella, Frosina, Emma 25 June 2020 (has links)
Various academic studies show that in the use of common ICE Off-road Vehicles only about 10-15% of the available power at fuel level is actually transformed into useful energy for the actuators. Particularly the Directional Control Valves are responsible for the dissipation of about 35-40% of the hydraulic energy available at the pump level. The machine electrification trend makes it even more urgent to optimize the hydraulic system to ensure greater performance and higher battery autonomy. Traditional Directional Control Valves design solutions neglect important opportunities for reducing losses and improve internal regeneration. Especially, energy recovery is rarely applied and in any case by means of important superstructures which considerably increase the costs of the system. This paper presents an innovative Directional Control Valve layout, based on the Downstream Compensation approach that, in a simple and cost-effective design, allows to recover a considerable amount of energy from both the inertial loads and the simultaneous use of multiple actuators at different pressure level. The proposed layout performance and efficiency are studied through lumped element simulation and laboratory experimental tests.
115

Inneklimat i kontorslokaler : Fallstudie av belysning och ventilation i kontor i Västerås

Kamil, Ayhan, Aljanabi, Tabarek January 2021 (has links)
The office environment is an important part of the workers’ performance and need therefore to be designed in a pleasant and functional way. The problem is not that today’s offices do not function but rather that these need to be improved to achieve better work results. Lighting and ventilation are big parts of the office environment. In this project will three offices be examined, and these are Archus, WSP and Sweco. Purpose: This study is done to find improvement measures for these three offices based on the examination of the light and ventilation conditions. The improvements that will be suggested are mainly based on a survey but also a study on how these two factors affect the employees’ performances. Method: To perform this project was a literature study, a case study and measurement of illuminance used. A survey om how the employees experience the office environment were also conducted. Drawings provided by the office managers were used to perform calculations of the airflow. Results: The survey shows that 73.5 percent of the 68 people who answered the survey feel comfortable in the current design of the offices. The rest feel that they lack privacy and a quiet environment. In addition, 82.4 percent are happy with the lighting situation and 69.1 percent with the air quality. Archus, WSP and Sweco all meet the required guidelines set for illuminance in an office with certain deficiency. For ventilation do Archus and Sweco meet the minimum requirements for airflow, but there are small differences between the dimensioned airflow and the minimum requirement for WSP. Conclusions: The conclusion of this study is that the three studied offices lack seclusion which affects the office workers’ ability to work. The current lighting, and the ventilation in smaller rooms also contribute worsened working conditions. Good lighting conditions is required to achieve good work results. The same applies to ventilation where the air flow is deficient in certain rooms and should be regulated. / Kontorsmiljön är en viktig del i arbetarnas prestation och ska därför utformas på ett trivsamt och funktionellt sätt. Problematiken är inte att dagens kontor inte fungerar utan att dessa kan förbättras för att uppnå goda arbetsresultat. Belysning och ventilation är stora delar inom ämnet och kontoren som undersöks i detta arbete är Archus, WSP och Sweco.  Syftet med studien är att ta fram förbättringsåtgärder för tre kontorslokaler utifrån en undersökning avseende belysnings- och ventilationsförhållanden. Förbättringsförslaget bygger främst på en enkät men även en studie om hur de två faktorer spelar in i medarbetarnas presterande.  För att utföra studien tillämpades ett antal olika metoder däribland en litteraturstudie för att sätta grund till arbetet, en fallstudie där ett studiebesök till de undersökta kontoren och mätningar utfördes. Även en enkät om hur medarbetarna upplever sina kontorsmiljöer gjordes. Ritningar som tillhandahölls av ansvariga på kontoren tillämpades för att utföra beräkningar av luftflödet.  I resultat visar enkäten att 73,5% av de 68 personer som besvarade enkäten känner sig bekväma i den nuvarande utformningen men att resterande att de saknar avskildhet och tystare miljö. Utöver det trivs 82,4% med belysningen och 69,1% med luftkvalitén i dagsläget.  Archus, WSP och Sweco uppfyller de riktvärden som ställs för belysningsstyrka i kontorslokaler med vissa avvikelser. För ventilation uppfyller Archus och Sweco minimikraven för luftflödet men för WSP förekommer det skillnader mellan minimikravet och det dimensionerade luftflödet.  Diskussionen visar att vid utförandet av mätningar var det svårt att anpassa omgivningen efter önskemål vilket medförde att vissa mätvärden avviker från verkligheten. Även för beräkning av ventilation uppstod oförväntade svårigheter som att tillgång till egna instrument för luftflödesmätning saknades samt brister i ritningar.  Slutsatserna som dras för arbetet är att de tre kontoren saknar avskildhet vilket påverkar kontorsarbetarnas arbetsförmåga. Även den nuvarande belysningen samt ventilationen i mindre rum bidrar med försämrade arbetsförhållanden. För att uppnå ett gott arbetsresultat krävs god belysning i verksamheten. Samma gäller för ventilation där luftflödet brister i vissa rum och bör regleras.
116

Návrh vzduchotechniky v rodinném domě / Design of air conditioning in the family house

Němcová, Aneta Unknown Date (has links)
The subject of this dissertation is the design of an air conditioning system for a family house. The design contains the actual state, in which a central unit with variable air volume regulators and air supply adjustment is designed. The first version of optimisation offers a simple central ventilation, and in the second version a decentral ventilation for the object. These options were compared based on their purchasing price and additionally from the interior comfort feel point of view. In the next part a long-term measurement of an energy recovery ventilation was performer, and data was processed to evaluate and compare the efficiency with efficiency promised by producer.
117

Feasibility Study of Jet-Ejector Refrigeration Systems as a Mechanism for Harnessing Low-Grade Thermal Energy from Different Sources

Ponce Mora, Alberto 04 April 2022 (has links)
[ES] Los sistemas de refrigeración por eyección activados por calor de origen renovable o fuentes de calor residual tienen el potencial de alcanzar ahorros energéticos significativos al sustituir o asistir a los sistemas de refrigeración tradicionales. Su campo de aplicabilidad es muy amplio y el presente trabajo se ha centrado en un estudio detallado de dos aplicaciones con gran potencial siguiendo un enfoque computacional: (i) generación de aire acondicionado activado por energía solar térmica y (ii) refrigeración de la admisión de un motor de combustión reutilizando la energía térmica disponible en la línea de escape de este. Las actividades de investigación han estado dirigidas a mitigar dos de los principales puntos débiles que caracterizan a los ciclos de refrigeración por eyección: su eficiencia relativamente baja y la incapacidad mostrada por la configuración base del ciclo de eyección para operar de forma robusta en condiciones de operación alejadas de las de diseño. La primera cuestión ha sido abordada principalmente diseñando geometrías de eyector altamente optimizadas usando técnicas de mecánica de fluidos computacional y optimizando la integración del eyector en el conjunto del sistema de refrigeración. La segunda cuestión se ha abordado caracterizando el comportamiento del sistema en condiciones de diseño y fuera de diseño. Se han propuesto dos estrategias avanzadas para hacer frente a la caída de prestaciones que sufre el sistema al operar en condiciones fuera de diseño, como son la utilización de eyectores de geometría ajustable o la implementación de tanques de almacenamiento térmico. La respuesta del sistema se ha analizado en condiciones fuera de diseño con dos aproximaciones temporales complementarias. Los modelos estacionarios se han usado para optimizar las diferentes arquitecturas de eyector y la operación global del sistema en ciertas condiciones de operación representativas, mientras que el análisis transitorio representa un enfoque más realista y tiene en cuenta la naturaleza impredecible e inestable de la climatología. El estudio se ha concluido con un análisis termoeconómico, el cual ha sido útil para discernir si los diseños altamente optimizados son competitivos al ser comparados con las soluciones de refrigeración que se encuentran actualmente consolidadas en el mercado. La principal conclusión del análisis en condiciones estáticas para la aplicación termosolar es que la transformación de potencia térmica a potencia de refrigeración puede alcanzar un rendimiento del 37.7%, mientras que el rendimiento global del sistema alcanza el 20.1% con diseños altamente optimizados de eyector para unas condiciones de evaporación y condensación de 13°C y 40°C, respectivamente. En condiciones dinámicas, la implementación de la geometría variable mejora en torno a un 40% el rendimiento del sistema de refrigeración, además de incrementar su operatividad. El tanque de almacenamiento térmico juega un papel relevante en este aspecto y, para una envergadura de colector parabólico de 7.1 m, un consumo nominal de 13.3 kW de potencia térmica del tanque ha resultado ser una solución de compromiso para mantener en equilibrio los principales indicadores de prestaciones. El análisis termoeconómico de la arquitectura más prometedora sugiere que el ahorro de coste operativo está lejos de poder compensar la elevada inversión inicial en equipamiento (16.905€ para una capacidad de refrigeración aproximada de 5.6 kW), destacando la dificultad del sistema para competir con las soluciones de refrigeración actualmente consolidadas en el mercado y resaltando la necesidad de considerar soluciones híbridas. La principal conclusión de la aplicación en motor de combustión es que la reducción de temperaturas en la línea de admisión por debajo de 4°C es factible, produciendo mejoras en el rendimiento volumétrico de en torno al 11%, no obstante, el sistema muestra vulnerabilidades al operar en puntos de motor diferentes al de diseño. / [CA] Els sistemes de refrigeració per ejecció activats per calor d'origen renovable o fonts de calor residual tenen el potencial d'assolir estalvis energètics significatius al substituir o assistir als sistemes de refrigeració tradicionals. El seu camp d'aplicabilitat es ampli i el present treball s'ha centrat en un estudi detallat de dos aplicacions amb gran potencial seguint un enfocament computacional: (i) generació d'aire condicionat activat per energia solar tèrmica i (ii) refrigeració de l'admissió d'un motor de combustió reutilitzant l'energia tèrmica disponible en la línia d'escapament d'aquest. Les activitats d'investigació han estat dirigides a mitigar dos dels principals punts dèbils que caracteritzen als cicles de refrigeració per ejecció: la seua eficiència relativament baixa i la incapacitat mostrada per la configuració base del cicle d'ejecció per a operar de forma robusta en condicions d'operació allunyades de les de disseny. La primera qüestió ha sigut abordada principalment dissenyant geometries d'ejector altament optimitzades usant tècniques de mecànica de fluids computacional i optimitzant la integració de l'ejector en el conjunt del sistema de refrigeració. La segona qüestió s'ha abordat caracteritzant el comportament del sistema en condicions de disseny i fora de disseny. S'han proposat dos estratègies avançades per a fer front a la caiguda de prestacions que pateix el sistema quan opera en condicions fora de disseny, com són la utilització d'ejectors de geometria ajustable o la implementació de tancs de emmagatzemament tèrmic. La resposta del sistema s'ha analitzat en condicions fora de disseny amb dos aproximacions temporals complementàries. Els models estacionaris s'han usat per a optimitzar les diferents arquitectures d'ejector i l'operació global del sistema en certes condicions d'operació representatives, mentre que l'anàlisi transitori representa un enfocament més realista i té en compte la natura impredictible i inestable dels canvis en les condiciones climàtiques. L'estudi s'ha conclòs amb un anàlisi termoeconòmic, el qual ha sigut útil per a discernir si els dissenys altament optimitzats són competitius quan es comparen amb les solucions de refrigeració que es troben actualment consolidades al mercat. La principal conclusió de l'anàlisi en condicions estàtiques per a l'aplicació termosolar és que la transformació de potència tèrmica a potència de refrigeració pot arribar a un rendiment del 37.7%, mentre que el rendiment global del sistema arriba al 20.1 % amb dissenys altament optimitzats d'ejector per a unes condicions d'evaporació i condensació de 13°C i 40°C, respectivament. En condicions dinàmiques, la implementació de la geometria variable millora al voltant d'un 40% el rendiment del sistema de refrigeració, a més d'incrementar la seua capacitat de romandre en funcionament. El tanc d'emmagatzemament tèrmic juga un paper rellevant en aquest aspecte i, per a una llargària de col·lector parabòlic de 7.1 m, un consum nominal de 13.3 kW de potencia tèrmica del tanc ha resultat ser una solució de compromís per a mantenir en equilibri els principals indicadors de prestacions. L'anàlisi termoeconòmic de l'arquitectura més prometedora suggereix que l'estalvi de cost operatiu està lluny de poder compensar l'elevada inversió inicial en equipament (16.905€ per a una capacitat de refrigeració aproximada de 5.6 kW), posant de manifest la dificultat del sistema per a competir amb les solucions de refrigeració actualment consolidades al mercat i ressaltant la necessitat de considerar solucions híbrides. La principal conclusió de l'aplicació en motor de combustió és que la reducció de temperatures a la línia d'admissió per baix de 4°C és factible, produint millores en el rendiment volumètric de al voltant de l'11%, no obstant això, el sistema mostra vulnerabilitats a l'hora d'operar en punts de motor diferents al de disseny. / [EN] Jet-ejector refrigeration systems powered by renewable heat or waste heat sources have the potential to achieve significant primary energy savings when substituting or aiding traditional refrigeration systems. Their field of applicability is vast and the present work has been focused on a detailed study of two applications with great potential following a computational approach: (i) air-conditioning generation powered by solar thermal energy and (ii) internal combustion engine intake air refrigeration powered by its exhaust line waste heat. The research efforts have been directed towards mitigating the negative effect of two of the main weak points of jet-ejector refrigeration systems: their relatively low efficiency and the incapacity of the baseline configuration to operate robustly away from the design conditions. The first issue has been addressed mainly by designing highly optimized jet-ejector geometries using computational fluid dynamics techniques and optimizing the jet-ejector integration in the overall system. The second one has been addressed by carrying out complete characterizations of the refrigeration system response in design and off-design conditions. Advanced strategies to face the refrigeration system performance decay away from design conditions have been proposed, like the utilization of adjustable jet-ejector architectures or the implementation of hot thermal storage tanks. The system response has been analyzed in off-design conditions with two complementary temporal schemes. The steady-state models have been used to optimize the jet-ejector architectures and the overall system operation for representative operating scenarios, while the transient analysis represents a more realistic approach and accounts for changes in climatic conditions, which have an unpredictable and unstable nature. The study has been concluded with a thermoeconomic analysis, which has been useful to discern if the highly optimized designs are competitive when compared to existing refrigeration solutions consolidated in the market. The main conclusions of the steady-state analysis for the solar application are that the transformation from thermal power to refrigeration power can achieve an efficiency of 37.7%, while the global efficiency achieves 20.1% when highly optimized jet-ejectors are used for an evaporating and condensing conditions of 13°C and 40°C, respectively. In dynamic conditions, the implantation of an adjustable jet-ejector brings improvements in refrigeration system efficiency of around 40%, besides improving its capacity to remain in operation. The thermal storage system plays a relevant role in this sense and, for a fixed parabolic trough collector span of 7.1 m, a nominal thermal power consumption of 13.3 kW represents a trade-off between the performance indicators subject to analysis. The thermoeconomic assessment of the most promising system architecture suggests that the operating cost savings are far from compensating for the capital expenditures (16,905€ for a refrigeration capacity of approximately 5.6 kW), evidencing the difficulties of the system to compete against refrigeration solutions currently consolidated in the market and outlining the interest in hybrid solutions. The main conclusion of the automotive application is that it is feasible to achieve in the engine intake line temperatures below 4°C, bringing improvements in volumetric engine efficiency of around 11%. Nevertheless, the system shows vulnerabilities when operating in engine operating points different from the design one. / My most sincere acknowledgment to the whole CMT-Motores Térmicos team for giving me the opportunity of being part of it and the grant program Subvenciones para la contrataci ́on de personal investigador predoctoral for doctoral studies (reference ACIF/2018/124), awarded by Generalitat Valenciana, Conselleria de Innovación, Universidades, Ciencia y Sociedad Digital and the European Union for funding this project. / Ponce Mora, A. (2022). Feasibility Study of Jet-Ejector Refrigeration Systems as a Mechanism for Harnessing Low-Grade Thermal Energy from Different Sources [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/181710
118

Stratégie de modélisation des systèmes de valorisation énergétique : Application aux machines ORC et à absorption / Modeling strategy of energy recovery systems : Application of ORC and absorption machines

Wang, Yunxin 20 July 2017 (has links)
La consommation énergétique dans l’industrie augmente de nos jours, avec l’amplification des activités industrielles dans le monde. En parallèle, la pénurie des énergies primaires et le réchauffement climatique obligent des exploitations sans cesse des énergies et des techniques alternatives, afin de développer durablement, et de satisfaire l’augmentation de la consommation. Ainsi, l’amélioration de l’utilisation énergétique dans l’industrie devient aussi un sujet important à développer et à étudier. Dans certains sites industriels, les rejets thermiques sont énormément dégagés dans l’environnement sans aucun traitement énergétique. Ses températures sont parfois, beaucoup plus élevées que l’ambiant. La valorisation de ces chaleurs est conseillée, par des systèmes de valorisation, pour la production de chaud, de froid et d’électricité. Ce traitement peut réduire significativement le gaspillage et améliorer l’efficacité énergétique dans l’industrie. C’est pour cette raison, plusieurs projets sont lancés. Le projet VALENTHIN (VALorisation ENergétique des rejets THermiques INdustriels) est pour but d’améliorer l’efficacité énergétique industrielle en valorisant les rejets thermiques ou en développant les processus industriels. Cette thèse concentre sur les études des systèmes de valorisation, particulièrement en ce qui concerne les différentes méthodes de simulation. Dans cette thèse, les bibliographies sont synthétisées, sur les différentes modélisations des systèmes de valorisation, surtout le système à absorption et le cycle de Rankine organique mentionnés dans ce projet. Par conséquent, une stratégie de modélisation est proposée et est montrée, pour les simulations des systèmes en régime permanent et en régime dynamique. Le choix des types de modélisation doit prendre en compte leurs avantages et leurs inconvénients, et aussi les besoins des utilisateurs, pour but de modéliser et développer des systèmes plus aisément et plus efficacement. / Energy consumption in industry is increasing today, with the amplification of industrial activities in the world. At the same time, the scarcity of primary energy and global warming are insist the use of alternative technologies and energies, in order to sustainably develop, and to satisfy the increase in consumption. Thus, improving energy use in industry is also becoming an important topic to be developed and studied. In some industrial sites, the waste heats are enormously released into the environment without any energy treatment. Its temperatures are sometimes, much higher than the ambient. The valorization of these heats is advised, by using the valorization systems, for the production of hot, cold and electricity. This treatment can significantly reduce the energy waste and improve energy efficiency in the industry. For this reason, several projects are being launched. The aim of the VALENTHIN project is to improve industrial energy efficiency by valorizing waste heat or by developing industrial processes. This thesis concentrates on the studies of valorization systems, particularly with regard to the different modeling methods. In this report, the bibliographies are synthesized, on the different models used for the valorization systems, especially the absorption system and the organic Rankine cycle mentioned in this project. Consequently, a modeling strategy is proposed and is shown for steady state simulations and dynamic regime systems. The choice of types of modeling must take into account their advantages and disadvantages and also the needs of the users, with the aim of modeling and developing systems more easily and efficiently.
119

Optimal water quality management in surface water systems and energy recovery in water distribution networks

Telci, Ilker Tonguc 24 October 2012 (has links)
Two of the most important environmental challenges in the 21st century are to protect the quality of fresh water resources and to utilize renewable energy sources to lower greenhouse gas emissions. This study contributes to the solution of the first challenge by providing methodologies for optimal design of real-time water quality monitoring systems and interpretation of data supplied by the monitoring system to identify potential pollution sources in river networks. In this study, the optimal river water quality monitoring network design aspect of the overall monitoring program is addressed by a novel methodology for the analysis of this problem. In this analysis, the locations of sampling sites are determined such that the contaminant detection time is minimized for the river network while achieving maximum reliability for the monitoring system performance. The data collected from these monitoring stations can be used to identify contamination source locations. This study suggests a methodology that utilizes a classification routine which associates the observations on a contaminant spill with one or more of the candidate spill locations in the river network. This approach consists of a training step followed by a sequential elimination of the candidate spill locations which lead to the identification of potential spill locations. In order to contribute the solution of the second environmental challenge, this study suggests utilizing available excess energy in water distribution systems by providing a methodology for optimal design of energy recovery systems. The energy recovery in water distribution systems is possible by using micro hydroelectric turbines to harvest available excess energy inevitably produced to satisfy consumer demands and to maintain adequate pressures. In this study, an optimization approach for the design of energy recovery systems in water distribution networks is proposed. This methodology is based on finding the best locations for micro hydroelectric plants in the network to recover the excess energy. Due to the unsteady nature of flow in water distribution networks, the proposed methodology also determines optimum operation schedules for the micro turbines.
120

Provoz a řízení sprchových rekuperačních výmeníků / Operation and management of shower heat recovery exchanger

Veselská, Monika January 2015 (has links)
This thesis deals with the operation and management of shower recuperative heat exchangers, energy recovery from them and further use of this energy. This work is divided into four parts. The first presents the possibilities of using energy from wastewater. The second part deals with the design possibilities of energy recovery from waste water in the building, design water and sewer . The third part is devoted to the specification of the shower regenerative heat exchanger, its operation, regulation and control, culminating in economic evaluation of the proposed exchanger. The last part is a technical report and annexes drawings of the project.

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