Submitted by Claudinei Pracidelli (cpracide@ipen.br) on 2014-11-10T10:25:06Z No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-10T10:25:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Nos últimos anos a Web obteve um crescimento exponencial, se tornando o maior repositório de informações já criado pelo homem e representando uma fonte nova e relevante de informações potencialmente úteis para diversas áreas, inclusive a área nuclear. Entretanto, devido as suas características e, principalmente, devido ao seu grande volume de dados, emerge um problema desafiador relacionado à utilização das suas informações: a busca e recuperação informações relevantes e úteis. Este problema é tratado por algoritmos de busca e recuperação de informação que trabalham na Web, denominados rastreadores web. Neste trabalho é apresentada a pesquisa e desenvolvimento de um algoritmo rastreador que efetua buscas e recupera páginas na Web com conteúdo textual relacionado ao domínio nuclear e seus temas, de forma autônoma e massiva. Este algoritmo foi projetado sob o modelo de um sistema especialista, possuindo, desta forma, uma base de conhecimento que contem tópicos nucleares e palavras-chave que os definem e um mecanismo de inferência constituído por uma rede neural artificial perceptron multicamadas que efetua a estimação da relevância das páginas na Web para um determinado tópico nuclear, no decorrer do processo de busca, utilizando a base de conhecimento. Deste modo, o algoritmo é capaz de, autonomamente, buscar páginas na Web seguindo os hiperlinks que as interconectam e recuperar aquelas que são mais relevantes para o tópico nuclear selecionado, emulando a habilidade que um especialista nuclear tem de navegar na Web e verificar informações nucleares. Resultados experimentais preliminares apresentam uma precisão de recuperação de 80% para o tópico área nuclear em geral e 72% para o tópico de energia nuclear, indicando que o algoritmo proposto é efetivo e eficiente na busca e recuperação de informações relevantes para o domínio nuclear. / Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:37:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rafael Oliveira Martins.pdf: 7558111 bytes, checksum: 56e7b499884f7235715c7e4dc590a42b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-11 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / Define a plataform for game development and your respectives tools is a complex and challenge task nowadays. This work consist in a expert system development capable to organize a game project based on user input (academic or professional), fo cusing on three main areas: development engines and platforms, programming and project management. The main goal is validated beginning with a knowledge database, including existing platforms and business rules with researches and current market data. / Definir nos dias de hoje uma plataforma para desenvolvimento de jogos digitais e suas respectivas ferramentas de apoio é uma tarefa complexa. Esse trabalho propõe um modelo de sistema especialista capaz de estruturar o projeto de um jogo digital baseado na entrada de um usuário (acadêmico ou profissional), com enfoque em três áreas principais: plataformas e motores de desenvolvimento, programação e gestão de projetos. O objetivo do sistema é validado a partir de uma base de conhecimento, incluindo plataformas atuais existentes e regras de negócio baseadas em experiências de pesquisas e do mercado atual.

Abstract Electronic industry is developing advanced and versatile products to satisfy customers' needs. It is also creating new needs, which expand the market further. This highly competitive field forces companies to produce continuously better, and hence more complex, products at an increasingly fast rate. This is particularly true of the mobile phone industry, which pursues higher volumes and penetration rates throughout the world. Very high volumes and extreme complexity require intensive research and a commitment to high product quality. Mobile phone manufacturers must commit themselves to strict quality standards and programs, which ultimately enable high customer satisfaction. Both quality assessment and product management generally need a method of feedback to be able to react to the manufactured output. This thesis concentrates on this aspect of feedback. A preliminary customer survey revealed that the information received directly from customers might not be accurate enough to be used as primary feedback data. The quality of the information varies notably and depends entirely on the customers' ability to perceive the relevant parameters. This also affects greatly their ability to communicate the information to the customer interface and then all the way back to the manufacturer. Based on the findings, end customers' average level of knowledge of mobile phone technology is fair [C]. Therefore, it is recommended that more accurate means should be developed for acquiring feedback data. Also, based on other research findings, it would be important to minimize human intervention and to make the flow of information as direct as possible. Based on previous research and the present findings, a concept was designed which satisfies the specific need for accurate feedback from the performance of mobile phones in the field. The interfaces providing data throughout the whole product life cycle were also analyzed in detail. And finally, the concept was implemented and piloted with a mobile phone manufacturer. The pilot studies showed that an improved feedback capability would benefit not only product quality, but also various functions of the company producing mobile devices. The increased knowledge of device performance obtained from the system can be utilized in, for example, testing, design, marketing, and management and also at all customer interfaces in the field.

This thesis explores current and future possible uses of ICT in financial reporting, describes the properties, usage and implementation of EDI and XBRL, describes the concept of online reporting and continuous auditing, introduces the area of artificial intelligence and expert systems and their application in accounting and auditing, describes development and application of FRAANK for extraction of financial data from EDGAR repository, describes the implementation of continuous auditing in Siemens and finally states the possible reasons, why the technologies are not used to their full potential.

Shadows have captivated humanity since the dawn of time; with the current age being no exception – shadows are core to realism and ambience, be it to invoke a classic Baroque interplay of lights, darks and colours as the case in Rembrandt van Rijn’s Militia Company of Captain Frans Banning Cocq or to create a sense of mystery as found in film noir and expressionist cinematography. Shadows, in this traditional sense, are regions of blocked light – the combined effect of placing an object between a light source and surface. This dissertation focuses on real-time shadow generation as a subset of 3D computer graphics. Its main focus is the critical analysis of numerous real-time shadow rendering algorithms and the construction of an empirically derived system for the high-speed rendering of shadows. This critical analysis allows us to assess the relationship between shadow rendering quality and performance. It also allows for the isolation of key algorithmic weaknesses and possible bottleneck areas. Focusing on these bottleneck areas, we investigate several possibilities of improving the performance and quality of shadow rendering; both on a hardware and software level. Primary performance benefits are seen through effective culling, clipping, the use of hardware extensions and by managing the polygonal complexity and silhouette detection of shadow casting meshes. Additional performance gains are achieved by combining the depth-fail stencil shadow volume algorithm with dynamic spatial subdivision. Using this performance data gathered during the analysis of various shadow rendering algorithms, we are able to define a fuzzy logic-based expert system to control the real-time selection of shadow rendering algorithms based on environmental conditions. This system ensures the following: nearby shadows are always of high-quality, distant shadows are, under certain conditions, rendered at a lower quality and the frames per second rendering performance is always maximised. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Computer Science / unrestricted

A prática deliberada de corrida promove uma melhora no padrão de movimento do corredor, porém ainda é incerto quais são as contribuições da experiência de corrida na mecânica do corpo. No curso de dar luz a essas contribuições nos deparamos com uma questão básica anterior: o que é um corredor experiente? Apesar de existir uma regra dos \"dez anos\" de prática para se tornar especialista, não há uma definição clara do que é ser experiente em corrida e, quantificar o nível da experiência é uma tarefa desafiadora. Uma alternativa para essa tarefa envolve a criação de um sistema de apoio à decisão para classificação do fenômeno utilizando um sistemas linguísticos fuzzy. O uso desses sistemas é indicado para tratar de fenômenos com características de incerteza de identificação. Os objetivos do estudo foram: (i) desenvolver um sistema de apoio à decisão para a classificação da experiência do corredor de longa distância não federado por meio de um modelo fuzzy; e (ii) desenvolver uma prova que avalie a capacidade do corredor em controlar o ritmo durante a corrida, como forma de qualificar a experiência nessa modalidade. Para o primeiro objetivo, dois subsistemas tipo Mamdani foram desenvolvidos a partir do julgamento de três técnicos especialistas em corrida. No primeiro subsistema as variáveis linguísticas de frequência e volume de treino foram combinadas tendo como saída conjuntos que definiram a qualidade da prática. O segundo subsistema combinou à saída do 1º sistema, o número de provas e o tempo de prática e determinou o nível de experiência em corrida, em cinco conjuntos de saída. Os resultados do modelo foram altamente consistentes com a avaliação dos três especialistas em corrida que o criaram (r > O,88, p < O,OOl) e altamente consistentes com a avaliação de cinco outros especialistas (r > O,86, p < O,OOl). Para o segundo objetivo, como os especialistas descreveram de forma contundente que o controle de ritmo durante a corrida é uma característica presente e marcante em corredores experientes, desenvolvemos uma prova para testar essa capacidade do corredor e para que esta ferramenta pudesse ser utilizada como padrão de comparação com os resultados da avaliação do modelo fuzzy. Duas provas de 1000 m e 3200 m foram desenvolvidas. A primeira foi aplicada em 100 e a segunda em 42 corredores de longa distância não federados, onde tinham um tempo alvo para completar a prova baseado no tempo da última prova de 5km ou 10km que tivessem realizado. Os tempos parciais foram mensurados a cada 200m para identificar o ritmo. Foi possível identificar algumas distribuições de ritmo típicas ao longo dos testes, todavia, elas não se relacionaram com o nível de experiência dos corredores, o mesmo ocorreu entre o grau de acurácia em reproduzir os tempos solicitados e o nível de experiência. No geral, pode-se dizer que a classificação de experiência baseada num sistema fuzzy foi consistente como se pode depreender do grau de correlação do modelo com os julgamentos dos especialistas. A ausência de relações significantes entre o modelo e o controle de ritmo pode ser atribuída ao segundo, já que não há consenso na literatura sobre qual seria um teste de ritmo objetivo, fidedigno e válido. O controle de ritmo por si já está imbuído de um grau de incerteza (várias combinações temporais levam ao mesmo resultado final) o que corrobora com a utilização da lógica fuzzy para o entendimento do fenômeno e demanda estudos específicos. É importante destacar que a aplicação do modelo permitiu identificar que um alto nível de experiência não está balizado pela \"regra dos 10 anos de prática\" o que provavelmente tem a ver com o tipo de atividade estudada aqui, depende de uma habilidade mais motora e menos cognitiva. Isso indica que na corrida há outros fatores balizadores, como a frequência e o volume de treinos e a participação em provas. O sistema fuzzy de apoio a decisão para classificação do nível de experiência do praticante de corrida de fundo mostrou-se capaz de identificar e classificar a experiência em corrida com confiabilidade / The deliberate practice of running enhances the runner\'s movement pattern, but it is yet uncertain what are the contributions of running experience to body mechanics. In the course to unravel such contributions one is faced with a more basic question: what is an experienced runner? In spite of the well known rule of \"ten years of practice\" to become an expertise, there is no clear definition of what it is to be an experienced runner, hence to quantify the experience levei is a challenging task. One alternative to this task entails the development a system to support decision-making to classify the phenomenon using Fuzzy Linguistic Systems. The use of such systems is indicated to deal with phenomena that have an uncertain characterization because its identification allows different configurations. The goals of the study were: (i) to develop a fuzzy decision support system for classifying the running experience of non- elite long distance runners; (ii) to develop a running test to assess the runner\'s ability to pace control during running and that might be associated to experience levels. For the first goal, two Mamdani subsystems were developed from the judgements of three expert running coaches. In the first subsystem, the linguistic variables of training frequency and volume were combined and the output defined the quality of running practice. The second subsystem determined the running experience levei from the five output sets of the first subsystem combined with the number of races and practice time. The results of the model were highly consistent with the evaluation done by the three expert running coaches who created it (r > O,88, p < O,OOl) as well as with that of other five expert running coaches (r > O,86, p < O,OOl). For the second goal, considering that the running experts were quite confident that pace control is a marked ability of experienced runners, a running test was developed to assess the runner\'s ability to exert such control and that might be a reference for comparison with the experience levei defined by the fuzzy system based classification. Two running tests, 1000 and 3200 meters races, were developed and applied in a sample of 142 non-elite long distance runners in which they had a goal time to complete the test based on their personal last time in 10km or 5km races. Splits times we-re taken at each 200 m to identify the pace. Although it was possible to identify some typical pace distributions in the tests, they were not correlated to experience levels and also to the accuracy with which the goal time were attained. Overall, the classification of running experience based in a fuzzy system was consistent as one considers the degree of correlation between the model and the judgments made by the expert coaches. The lack of correlation with the pace control might be due to the fact that the test might not be appropriated. There is no consensus in the literature about what would be an objective, reliable and valid running pace control testo Pace control is in itself an uncertain process (many temporal combinations can yield the same final result) which agrees with the use fuzzy logic to unravel it, hence it warrants a set of particular investigations. It is important to remark that with the application of the model it was possible to verify that a high running experience levei is not constrained by \"the ten years of practice\" rule, which is likely to related to the activity studied here. This indicates that in running there are other constraints for experience such as training frequency, volume and participation in races. The fuzzy decision support system to classify the experience levei of the non-elite long distance runner proved to be capable to identify and classify the running experience with reliability

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In order to improve the performance of LMS (least mean square) algorithm by decreasing the amount of calculations this research proposes to make an update on each step only for those elements from the input data set, that fall within a small window W near the separating hyperplane surface. This work aims to describe in detail the results that can be achieved by using the proposed LMS with window learning algorithm in information systems that employ the methodology of neural network for the purposes of classification.

Includes bibliography. / Successful multivariable control system design demands knowledge, skill and creativity of the designer. The goal of the research described in this dissertation was to investigate, implement, and evaluate methods by which artificial intelligence techniques, in a broad sense, may be used in a design system to assist the user. An intelligent, interactive, control system design tool has been developed to fulfil this aim. The design tool comprises two main components; an expert system on the upper level, and a powerful CACSD package on the lower level. The expert system has been constructed to assist and guide the designer in using the facilities provided by the underlying CACSD package. Unlike other expert systems, the user is also aided in formulating and refining a comprehensive and achievable design specification, and in dealing with conflicts which may arise within this specification. The assistance is aimed at both novice and experienced designers. The CACSD package includes a synthesis program which attempts to find a controller that satisfies the design specification. The synthesis program is based upon a recent factorization theory approach, where the linear multivariable control system design problem is translated into, and techniques efficiency solved as, a quadratic programming problem, which significantly improve the time and space of this method have been developed, making it practical to solve substantial multivariable design problems using only a microcomputer. The design system has been used by students at the University of Cape Town. Designs produced using the expert system tool are compared against those produced using classical design methods.

The master’s thesis “Utilization of expert systems in marketing research” deals with the development of an application based on an expert system, knowledge basis of which contains expert information from the area of CCTV security systems design. In this thesis, the used expert system is described and also its connection to the relevant marketing research is mentioned.The solution of the expert system is carried out in C++ language programming and the purpose of the program is to eliminate misunderstandings and inaccuracies which occur during the initial negotiations between the salesmen and potential investors.The created software product, based on the knowledge basis of the experts in the field and past experience with camera systems, helps the customers decide what type of system, in what range and with what configuration is suitable for them. Hereby the orientation customers is encouraged in the way as described by the modern concept of marketing.