Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-02-24Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:39:55Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 medeiros_ltl_me_botfm.pdf: 283518 bytes, checksum: dbcb08c9c963c43e9e5990d9795fb85f (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Monócitos do sangue periférico de gestantes portadoras de pré-eclâmpsia encontram-se ativados endogenamente e secretam níveis elevados de radicais livres e citocinas inflamatórias. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar se o estado inflamatório de monócitos, observado na pré-eclâmpsia, está associado à polarização da subpopulação de monócitos de perfil M1 no sangue periférico, correlacionando a expressão de receptores de superfície CD64, TLR2, TLR4, CD163 e CD206 com a produção de citocinas. Foram estudadas 90 gestantes, sendo 30 normotensas e 60 portadoras de pré-eclâmpsia, pareadas pela idade gestacional. Monócitos de sangue periférico obtidos de gestantes normais ou com pré-eclâmpsia foram cultivados por 18h na ausência ou presença de lipopolissacáride de Escherichia coli (LPS) ou de peptidoglicano (PG) de bactéria Gram-positiva. A expressão de receptores presentes na superfície da subpopulação de monócitos inflamatórios M1 (TLR2, TLR4 e CD64) e de monócitos supressores M2 (CD163 e CD206) foi detectada por de citometria de fluxo, empregando-se anticorpos monoclonais específicos, marcados com fluorocromos. Os resultados foram expressos como média da intensidade de fluorescência. Além disso, a produção de citocinas pró-inflamatórias associadas a padrão M1 (TNF-, IL-12p70 e IL-23) e anti-inflamatória, associada a perfil M2 (IL-10) foi avaliada no sobrenadante de cultura de monócitos pela técnica de ELISA. Os resultados foram analisados por testes não paramétricos, com nível de significância de 5%. A expressão de CD64 e TLR4 em monócitos, não estimulados, de gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia foi significativamente maior, enquanto a expressão de CD163 e CD206 foi significativamente menor em relação às gestantes normotensas, sugerindo a expressão de um perfil M1 de... / Monocytes from peripheral blood of pregnant women with preeclampsia are endogenously activated and secrete high levels of free radicals and inflammatory cytokines. This work aimed to evaluate whether the inflammatory state of monocytes observed in preeclampsia is associated with the polarization of monocyte to M1 profile in peripheral blood, correlating the expression of surface receptors CD64, TLR2, TLR4, and CD163 and CD206 with cytokine production. We studied 90 pregnant women, 30 normotensive and 60 with preeclampsia, matched for gestational age. Peripheral blood monocytes obtained from normotensive pregnant or preeclamptic pregnant women were cultured for 18h in the absence or presence of Escherichia coli lypopolysacharide (LPS) or peptidoglycan (PG) of Gram-positive bacteria, and the expression of surface receptors on M1 inflammatory monocyte subpopulation (TLR2, TLR4 and CD64) and M2 suppressor monocyte subpopulation (CD163 and CD206) were evaluated by flow cytometry, using specific monoclonal antibodies, labeled with fluorochromes. The values were expressed as the mean fluorescence intensity. Moreover, the production of proinflammatory cytokines associated with M1 profile (TNF-, IL-12p70 and IL-23) and the anti-inflammatory cytokine associated with M2 profile (IL-10) were evaluated in the monocyte supernatant of culture by enzyme immunoassay. Results were analyzed using nonparametric tests with significance level set at 5%. The expression of CD4 and TLR4 on non-stimulated monocytes, from women with preeclampsia was significantly higher, while the expression of CD163 and CD206 was significantly decreased compared with normotensive pregnant women, suggesting the predominance of monocyte M1 profile. Endogenous production of TNF-, IL-12p70 and IL-23 by monocytes was increased, while synthesis of IL-10 was lower in women with... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-07-27Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:39:42Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 sa_mpa_me_botfm.pdf: 980372 bytes, checksum: 2090db5706ac452cd119ce84e81f519c (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / A pré-eclâmpsia é uma das complicações gestacionais mais freqüentes e o radical livre óxido nítrico (NO) pode estar envolvido na fisiopatologia desta doença. O excesso de radicais livres pode gerar estresse oxidativo que contribui para a ocorrência de várias doenças neonatais, porém, a relação pré-eclâmpsia / estresse oxidativo /óxido nítrico/ doenças neonatais não está bem definida. Investigar se os níveis de NO na placenta e no recém-nascido caracterizam o estresse oxidativo na pré-eclâmpsia e relacionam-se com a morbidade e prognóstico neonatal. Estudo observacional de prematuros menores que 34 semanas de mães com pré-eclâmpsia, pareados pela idade gestacional com prematuros de mães normotensas, nascidos na Maternidade do HC da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu – UNESP, entre julho de 2008 e dezembro de 2009. Óxido nítrico foi dosado em placenta, sangue de cordão umbilical, urina do primeiro dia de vida, sangue e urina do recém-nascido no 4º dia. As variáveis bioquímicas e clínicas, de nascimento e neonatais foram comparadas nos 2 grupos: Pré-eclâmpsia e Normotensas. Foram estudados 30 prematuros de mães com pré-eclâmpsia e 30 de mães normotensas, com idade gestacional de 30 ± 2 semanas. Não houve diferença nas condições de nascimento e na morbimortalidade dos prematuros, mas os filhos de mães com pré-eclâmpsia tiveram maior necessidade de surfactante e ventilação mecânica. Os níveis séricos e urinários de NO não diferiram nos 2 grupos, sendo significativamente mais baixos na placenta do que no sangue de cordão e dos recém-nascidos. A pré-eclâmpsia foi grave em 40% dos casos, mas mesmo nestes os níveis de NO não diferiram. Na pré-eclâmpsia os níveis placentários e neonatais de NO não diferiram e não se relacionaram com a morbidade e o prognóstico neonatal / Pre-eclampsia is one of commost complication of preganacy and the free radical nitric oxide (NO) may be enrolled in the pathophysiology of the disease. Excessive levels of free radicals can produce oxidative stress contributing to the development of several neonatal diseases. However the pre-eclampsia/oxidative stress/NO/neonatal diseases relationship has not been well established. To investigate whether NO levels in the placenta and in newborns characterize oxidative stress in pre-eclampsia and whether they are related to morbidity and neonatal prognosis.Observational study on preterm newborns, younger than 34 week, of mothers with pre-eclampsia, paired by gestational age with preterm newborns from normotensive mothers and born at the University Maternity Hospital of the Botucatu School of Medicine - UNESP from July 2008 to December 2009. Nitric oxide was dosed in the placenta, umbilical-cord blood, first-day-of-life urine and the newborn’s fourth-day urine and blood. Biochemical and clinical variables from birth and the newborn, were compared in the 2 groups: Pre-eclampsia and Normotensive. Thirty preterm newborns of mothers with pre-eclampsia and 30 newborns of normotensive mothers with gestational age of 30 ± 2 weeks were studied. There was no difference in birth conditions or morbidity and mortality of preterm newborns, but the offspring of mothers with pre-eclampsia required more surfactant and mechanical ventilation. Serum and urine NO levels did not differ in the two groups and were significantly lower in the placenta than in umbilical-cord blood and in newborns. Preeclampsia was severe in 40% of cases, but even in those, NO levels did not differ. In pre-eclampsia, placental and neonatal NO levels did not differ and were not related to neonatal morbidity or prognosis

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-08-02Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:39:43Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silvanetto_jp_me_botfm.pdf: 171059 bytes, checksum: 5be723f02aec00d3b022f3b787b8a279 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O diagnóstico diferencial das síndromes hipertensivas durante a gestação é baseado nos achados clínicos, laboratoriais e exames de fundo de olho. O Doppler da artéria oftálmica é um método objetivo que pode facilitar o diagnóstico da hipertensão durante a gestação, identificando suas diferentes manifestações. Diferenciar, por meio do Doppler da artéria oftálmica, as gestantes portadoras de pré-eclâmpsia daquelas portadoras de hipertensão arterial crônica. Estudo transversal de 30 gestantes com hipertensão arterial crônica e 31 gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia (National High Blood Pressure Education Program, 2000) realizado no terceiro trimestre de gestação. Todas as gestantes realizaram proteinúria de 24 horas e Doppler da artéria oftálmica direita. A dopplervelocimetria da artéria oftálmica avaliou os seguintes parâmetros, para quantificação da onda de velocidade de fluxo: índice de resistência (IR), índice de pulsatilidade (IP), pico de velocidade sistólica (PVS), pico de velocidade diastólica (PVD), velocidade diastólica final (VDF) e razão entre picos de velocidade (RPV). Os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística, considerando-se significativos quando p<0,05. As médias dos índices Doppler das gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia e hipertensão arterial crônica foram respectivamente: IR= 0,649 + 0,067; 0,718 + 0,077, IP= 1,205 + 0,326; 1,555 + 0,373, PVS: 34,280 + 9,306; 35,206 + 9,941, PVD: 26,513 + 10,060; 19,752 + 5,847, VDF: 11,951 + 4,060; 9,696 + 3,223 e RPV: 0,77 + 0,16; 0,57 + 0,11. Os índices de resistência e de pulsatilidade da artéria oftálmica das gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia foram significativamente inferiores aos das gestantes hipertensas crônicas. Observou-se tendência de aumento dos valores do pico de velocidade diastólica e da velocidade diastólica final de gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia, quando comparadas... / The differential diagnosis of pregnancy hypertensive syndromes is based on clinical, laboratorial as well as fundoscopy findings. The ophthalmic artery Doppler is an objective method which may facilitate the diagnosis of hypertension during pregnancy, distinguishing its several manifestations. Differentiate, through ophthalmic artery Doppler, women with preeclampsia from those with chronic arterial hypertension. Cross-sectional study which analyzed 30 pregnant women with chronic arterial hypertension and 31 with preeclampsia (National High Blood Pressure Education Program 2000) during the third trimester of pregnancy. 24-hour urine was checked for proteinuria in all patients and the ophthalmic artery Doppler examination was taken by them. The Doppler velocimetry of the ophthalmic artery has evaluated the following parameters for quantification of flow velocity waveforms: resistance index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), peak systolic velocity (PSV), peak diastolic velocity (PDV), end diastolic velocity (EDV) and ratio between the velocity peaks (PR). Median and standard deviation were applied to the data. The average of the Doppler indexes on pregnant women with preeclampsia and chronic hypertension was respectively: RI= 0,649 + 0,067; 0,718 + 0,077, PI= 1,205 + 0,326; 1,555 + 0,373, PSV: 34,280 + 9,306; 35,206 + 9,941, PDV: 26,513 + 10,060; 19,752 + 5,847, EDV: 11,951 + 4,060; 9,696 + 3,223 e PR: 0,77 + 0,16; 0,57 + 0,11. The resistance and pulsatility indexes of the ophthalmic artery Doppler on women with preeclampsia were significantly inferior to those with chronic hypertension. It was observed that there is a tendency of increasing the values of the peak of diastolic velocity in addition to the end diastolic velocity on women with preeclampsia when compared to those with chronic hypertension. The ratio of the peak of velocity was significantly superior on pregnant women... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-07-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:20:24Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 siqueira_f_me_botfm.pdf: 266023 bytes, checksum: 51380be93c5262da880e991be3b20608 (MD5) / Fundação de Ensino e Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde (FEPECS) / A toxemia gravídica é uma doença multissistêmica, que ocorre principalmente no final da gravidez, caracterizada por manifestações clínicas como hipertensão, edema e proteinúria. É a complicação médica mais comum da gravidez e a principal causa de morbimortalidade materna e perinatal. O objetivo deste artigo é rever os principais aspectos concernentes ao uso de agentes anti-hipertensivos na gravidez e puerpério. Os dados foram coletados no Pubmed e Bireme, período de 2006 a 2010. O conhecimento da hipertensão durante a gestação e sua terapêutica está em evolução; a busca por medicações que possam proteger a mãe dos perigos agudos e garantir um recém nascido saudável deve ser o foco. Faltam evidências sobre a melhor terapia a ser adotada, período de início, duração e resultados. Apesar do avanço farmacológico, ainda não há fármacos totalmente isentos de compremetimento para a mãe e ao concepto / Pregnancy toxemia is a multisystemic disease, which occurs mainly at the end of pregnancy, characterized by clinical manifestations such as hypertension, edema and proteinuria. It is the most commonly occurred medical complication in pregnancies and the main cause for perinatal and maternal morbimortalities. The purpose of this article is to review the main aspects concerning the use of antihypertensive agents during pregnancy and puerperium. The data has been collected from Pubmed and Bireme, from 2006 to 2010. The knowledge regarding hypertension during pregnancy and its therapy is evolving; the search for medication that could protect the mother from acute dangers and to ensure a healthy newborn must be the focus. Evidence is still lacking regarding the best therapy, beginning period, duration and results. In spite of the pharmacological advances, there are still no drugs completely exempt of compromises to the mother and the conceptus

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-02-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:59:57Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pio_dam_me_botfm.pdf: 418812 bytes, checksum: 67f703457804df16fa3f3a35d602fa6f (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / As síndromes hipertensivas são as complicações mais frequentes na gestação constituindo, no Brasil, como primeira causa de mortalidade materna. Devido à importância do tema ligado à gestação de alto risco, várias discussões vêm sendo realizadas no âmbito das políticas públicas em saúde e no campo das recomendações de procedimentos técnicos. Na gravidez, há situações favoráveis e adversas, que podem provocar e acentuar angústias e transtornos, manifestados no plano psicológico e psicossomático. É consensual na psicologia e na psicanálise a importância das primeiras relações. A mãe é considerada a principal referência emocional no início da vida, importante para a construção psíquica, afetiva e social do filho. Para a mulher, por sua vez, o processo de tornar-se mãe, provoca conflitos primitivos e transformações profundas e abrangentes. Objetivou-se compreender a constituição da relação afetiva mãe-bebê, na gravidez de alto risco, considerando a vivência psíquica das mulheres com o diagnóstico de pré-eclâmpsia. O estudo foi realizado com a participação de nove gestantes, em sua maior parte durante a internação no Hospital Materno-Infantil (HMI), da Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA). Foi realizada entrevista semi-estruturada na gestação. O estudo teve abordagem qualitativa, com análise de conteúdo temática e enfoque norteado por referenciais psicanalíticos. Os temas emergentes foram: Sentimentos frente à descoberta da gravidez; As Expectativas: da ambivalência ao vínculo mãe-bebê; Maternidade e maternagem: crise vital ou risco? e, A hipertensão na gestação: perspectivas psicossomáticas e repercussões emocionais da doença. O desejo da maternidade foi manifesto, na maior parte das gestantes... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / The hypertension syndromes are the most frequent complications in pregnancy and in Brazil, the first cause of maternal mortality. Due to the importance of the subject connected to high-risk pregnancy, several discussions have been held within the framework of public policies in health and in the field of technical procedures recommendations. In pregnancy, there are favorable and unfavorable situations, which can cause and exacerbate distress and inconvenience, manifested in psychological and psychosomatic plan. It is consensus in psychology and psychoanalysis the importance of early relationships. The mother is considered the main emotional reference in early life, important to mental, affective and social construction of the child. For the woman, the process of becoming a mother provokes primitive conflicts besides deep and wide range transformations. The purpose was to understand the constitution of affective mother-baby relationship, high-risk pregnancy, considering the psychic experience of women with pre-eclampsia diagnosis. The study was conducted with the participation of nine pregnant women, mostly during the hospitalization in Hospital Materno-Infantil (HMI), Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA). Structured way interview in gestation was held. The study had qualitative approach with thematic content analysis and approach guided by benchmarks psychoanalytic articles. The emerging themes were: Feelings about the discovery of pregnancy; The expectations: from ambivalence to the connection between mother-baby; Maternity and mothering: vital crisis or risk? and, hypertension in pregnancy: Psychosomatic perspectives and emotional repercussions of the disease. The desire of motherhood was stated in most pregnant women, despite the risk, with a mental representation of the baby and... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

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Orientadores: Maria Yolanda Makuch, Mary Angela Parpinelli / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T02:44:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fleury_Camila.pdf: 1750197 bytes, checksum: ecab1a83258efefc9d0f99a995c1c71f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Objetivo: Estudar as vivências e o desenvolvimento da preocupação materna primária de mulheres primíparas diagnosticadas com pré-eclâmpsia. Método: Como marco conceitual para compreender a relação mãe-filho utilizou-se o conceito preocupação materna primária desenvolvido por Winnicott. Foi realizado um estudo clínico-qualitativo. A construção da amostra foi feita por amostragem proposital de homogeneidade ampla, seguindo-se o critério de saturação de informação para a definição do número de participantes. Foram conduzidas entrevistas semidirigidas, utilizando-se um roteiro temático. Todas as entrevistas foram gravadas e transcritas na íntegra. Para a saturação dos dados foi utilizado o referencial teórico sobre a preocupação materna primária. Os dados foram analisados por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: Participaram deste estudo 15 mulheres. O diagnóstico de PE foi uma surpresa para as mulheres, pois até então sua gravidez se desenvolvia sem problemas. Todas as mulheres relataram ter dificuldade para compreender o significado da doença e os episódios de internação. As participantes se referiram a vivências de angústia, solidão, tristeza e ansiedade; e algumas a sentimentos de culpa. A maioria das mulheres teve medo de que seu bebê pudesse morrer ou nascer com complicações ocasionadas por sua doença. O momento do parto foi sentido como um evento repentino e inesperado para as mulheres, distanciando-se de suas fantasias e expectativas e aumentando os sentimentos de falta de controle sobre a situação e medo. Todas relataram que não planejam ter mais filhos, devido ao receio de passarem novamente pela mesma situação. Observou-se nos relatos das participantes que o relacionamento com suas próprias mães influenciou o desenvolvimento de seu papel materno. O apoio da família, principalmente do parceiro, durante a gravidez, parto e puerpério, foi percebido como importante e facilitou a dedicação das mulheres às necessidades do bebê. O apoio dado pela equipe médica também foi sentido como importante. Todas as participantes deste estudo mostraram sinais do desenvolvimento da preocupação materna primária. Durante a gestação já referiam uma aproximação afetiva com o filho, que se manteve e se fortaleceu no puerpério. Na fala das mulheres observou-se o prazer em prestar os cuidados ao bebê, com uma facilidade para interpretar e compreender suas necessidades, além de uma abdicação dos interesses pessoais para se dedicar a esse filho. Conclusão: Mulheres primíparas diagnosticadas com PE, com bebês saudáveis e que permaneceram em contato com elas, sentiram o impacto da doença em suas vidas. Contudo, revelaram-se aptas ao desenvolvimento da preocupação materna primária / Abstract: Objective: Study the life experience of primiparous women diagnosed with pre-eclampsia (PE) and the development of primary maternal preoccupation. Methods: a clinical-qualitative study was performed. Women were selected by purposive sampling of broad homogeneity and the number of participants was determined following the criteria of information saturation. Semi-structured interviews were conducted using a thematic guide. All interviews were recorded and verbatim transcribed. For data analysis Winnicott theoretical concepts regarding the primary maternal preoccupation were used. Furthermore, data was analyzed through the thematic contents analysis technique. Results: A total of 15 women participated in the study. The diagnoses of PE was a surprise to participants because their pregnancy had been without problems. All women had difficulties to understand the meaning of the illness in their lives and of the episodes of hospitalization. Women referred to feelings of anguish, loneliness, sadness and anxiety, in some cases feelings of guilt. Most women felt fear that their baby might die or be born with complication because of their illness. All interviewed women referred that they did not plan on having more children due to the fear of going through the process again. Childbirth was felt as a sudden and unexpected event, different from their expectations and increased their feelings of lack of control and fear. The relationship of the participants with their mothers was related to the development of mother-child relationship. Family support, mainly of their partner during pregnancy, delivery and postpartum, was perceived as important and facilitated their dedication to babies necessities. The support given by health professionals was also perceived as important. All participants had developed signs of primary maternal preoccupation. During pregnancy emotional closeness was observed and this persisted and increased after the baby was born. These women had pleasure in taking care of their babies, were able to recognize and understand their babies' needs and abdicated their own needs and interests to be devoted to their babies. Conclusion: The results of this study show that primiparous woman with diagnosis of PE, whose babies were born healthy and remained with them during postpartum hospitalization, even though they felt the impact of their illness were able to develop a primary maternal preoccupation / Universidade Estadual de Campi / Ciencias Medicas / Mestre em Tocoginecologia

Background: Pregnancy associated cardiovascular pathologies have a significant impact on outcome for mother and child. Bioimpedance cardiography may provide additional outcome-relevant information early in pregnancy and may also be used as a predictive instrument for pregnancy-associated diseases. Methods: We performed a prospective longitudinal cohort trial in an outpatient setting and included 242 pregnant women. Cardiac output and concomitant hemodynamic data were recorded from 11th-13th week of gestation every 5th week as well as at two occasions post partum employing bioimpedance cardiography. Results: Cardiac output increased during pregnancy and peaked early in the third trimester. A higher heart rate and a decreased systemic vascular resistance were accountable for the observed changes. Women who had a pregnancy-associated disease during a previous pregnancy or developed hypertension or preeclampsia had a significantly increased cardiac output early in pregnancy. Furthermore, an effect of cardiac output on birthweight was found in healthy pregnancies and could be confirmed with multiple linear regression analysis. Conclusions: Cardiovascular adaptation during pregnancy is characterized by distinct pattern described herein. These may be altered in women at risk for preeclampsia or reduced birthweigth. The assessment of cardiac parameters by bioimpedance cardiography could be performed at low costs without additional risks.

Lipidomics, a rapidly developing field of study, focuses on the classification and quantitation of lipid species. Lipidomics has emerged in the forefront of scientific research due to the key roles that lipids play in metabolism, cancer, and disease. Using mass spectrometry as a tool for analysis, understanding the role eicosanoids and sphingolipids play has advanced rapidly. Being able to observe these small molecules in vivo has led to better understanding of several lipid-driven mechanisms and identification of eicosanoid and sphingolipid biomarkers in neurodegenerative disease, cancer, sepsis, wound healing, and pre-eclampsia. In the studies herein, we developed targeted mass spectrometric methods to identify lipids of interest in inflammatory disease signaling. We further used lipidomics to identify biomarkers in a clinical trial involving patients diagnosed with pre-eclampsia, discovering that ceramide-1-phosphate, a lipid involved in the initiation of inflammation, was significantly decreased in the plasma of patients who developed pre-eclampsia. Additionally, lipidomic studies were used to elucidate the mechanism of the cPLA2α/C1P interaction, in which the binding of C1P to of cPLA2α was ablated (cPLA2α KI) resulting in resistance to sepsis and increased wound closure rate of cPLA2α KI mice. These studies show how useful lipidomics coupled with mass spectrometry can be in studying inflammatory diseases regulated by lipid signaling.

Introduction & Background: Pre-eclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy that is characterized by high blood pressure, swelling, and proteinuria as the primary symptoms. Preeclampsia affects 5-8 percent of pregnancies in the U. S. Medications can help to manage symptoms; however, delivery is the only way to resolve pre-eclampsia. Preterm delivery is sometimes necessary and is dependent on the gestational age of the fetus and the severity of symptoms in the mother. Women who have hypertension, diabetes, kidney disease or are pregnant with multiples are at higher-risk to develop pre-eclampsia. Purpose Statement Question: The purpose of this research was to identify what complications occur in women after a pre-eclampsia diagnosis. A systematic review of the literature was used to identify relevant articles that address complications of pre-eclampsia. Literature Review: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) were used to guide this systematic review. PubMed, CINAHL, and Google Scholar were used to identify relevant articles. Articles were published with the last 5 years (2018-2023). Search terms were “complications following pre-eclampsia.” A total of 128 results were found and reviewed. Nineteen articles were determined to be eligible for inclusion. Findings: A pre-eclampsia diagnosis comes with considerable risks for women. Short-term risks include elevated blood pressure, preterm delivery, renal dysfunction, and electrolyte imbalance. Longer term complications include chronic hypertension, cardiovascular disorders, stroke, and later memory problems including Alzheimer’s disease. Conclusions: A pre-eclampsia diagnosis confers significant risk to women. Complications can be severe and may affect women and infants long-term.