This study compares the perceptions of presidents and academic and fiscal vice presidents of Texas public senior colleges and universities and with those of (appointed) members of the Texas Coordinating Board. A survey instrument was developed, based upon appropriate coordinating board functions discussed in the literature review, A five-point scale was used to measure intensity or agreement or disagreement. Responses were subjected to one way analysis of variance to determine differences between administrators and board members. Differences significant at the .05 level are reported. Administrators and board members differed significantly on all statements related to centralized control versus internal autonomy. Board members endorsed a greater variety of roles and a higher level of activity for the board than did administrators, although members were not expansionistic. Administrators indicated diverse opinions regarding the board's role. Responses related to formula funding were similar. Board members believed that requests to the legislature for higher education funding needs should be presented in terms of a statewide system; administrators indicated uncertainty. Both agreed on the increasing importance of long-range planning in formula development, but administrators were unsure whether such planning would help provide stability and realistic expectations in funding. Both groups endorsed a greater role for the board in collecting, interpreting, and disseminating information regarding higher education institutions. Neither subgroup offered an opinion regarding subjection of higher education budget requests to the criteria used for other state agencies. Board members and administrators disagreed as to whether private business standards were appropriate for higher education institutions. The relationship between funding recommended by the board and appropriations passed by the legislature was not considered appropriate for evaluating board success. State appropriations for higher education were seen as an investment in the state's economic future. Administrators did not believe college and university faculties understood the board s role in funding; board members were undecided.

A pre–post case study was conducted to examine how target revenue funding from Texas House Bill 1 (2006) has impacted the school districts within the Texas Education Service Center Region X area. Forced by the courts, the Texas Legislature was required to fix the Texas school finance system because of a de facto statewide property tax it had created by capping school district’s maintenance & operations tax rate at $1.50. Texas Governor Rick Perry used this opportunity to reduce school district M&O taxes by one-third. The Texas Legislature passed House Bill 1 (2006), the Public School Finance and Property Tax Relief Act, in response to the courts and to address a continuous decline in state funding support for public education. The Public School Finance and Property Tax Relief Act reduced local school districts’ property tax rates and revenue with the assurance that these funds would be exchanged for state aid. Local school property taxes were reduced over two years, 2006–2007 and 2007-2008, by 33%. In order for the State of Texas to meet the state aid funding guarantee from House Bill 1 (2006), each school district was frozen to its 2005–2006 revenue per weighted student, which was called a district’s revenue target. This study examined the impact target revenue has had on these school districts by analyzing and comparing revenues and expenditures prior to and following the law’s implementation. Specifically, changes in per-student revenue, per-student expenditures, and district fund balances were assessed.

Despite the raise in per-pupil expenditures, the achievement gap between economically advantaged and disadvantaged students continues to increase. Education proponents are scrambling to understand the complexities of local school funding. The No Child Left behind deadline stipulated that all students must be proficient in language arts and mathematics by 2014. The constructivist theory served as the conceptual framework for the study. Performance data were obtained from the State of New Jersey Department of Education and the United States Department of Education. This quantitative study determined whether a significant relationship exists between the allocation of fiscal resources and students' test scores. Improvement District Survey data were obtained from the New Jersey school district. District test results for Grades 6, 7, and 8 in language arts and mathematics from the 2011-2012 school year were used. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed no significant relationship between the allocation of fiscal resources and student achievement other than a significant relationship (25%) between mathematics achievement and educational media services/school library. The Improvement District Survey results revealed that the New Jersey district is capable of aligning their improvement efforts with the barriers and challenges of teachers. These findings have implications for positive social change for education officials by informing their allocation of fiscal resources. This informed approach will support increased student achievement and will add to the current research of allocation patterns and student performance.

The purpose of this study is to provide research on the funding of state senior higher education in Texas. The focus of this work is on the pressure group-policy process. At the beginning of the study, several questions were raised to assist in establishing boundaries for the research, the collection of data, and the construction of a heuristic model to conceptualize the policy process. The historical and legal factors which affect the funding of higher education were then examined. Attention was focused on the constitutional and statutory provisions which pertain to general appropriations and capital outlays for public higher education. Formula and non-formula items were examined as well as the sources of capital funds.

Esta tese se insere no campo da avaliação de política pública e com esse escopo faz a avaliação da implementação da política do governo federal denominada “Programa Mais Educação” que se propõe a ser um indutor da ampliação da jornada escolar na perspectiva da educação integral. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter qualitativo que teve como objetivo geral avaliar processos de implementação e impactos do Programa na qualidade da educação e no financiamento do ensino fundamental em escolas da rede estadual de ensino do Rio Grande do Sul. Nos aspectos teóricos, o estudo apresenta um breve histórico da política pública enquanto campo de conhecimento e aspectos legais e conceituais de política pública e de avaliação de política. Como referencial metodológico foi utilizado o modelo analítico do ciclo de política de Stephen Ball e Richard Bowe, por ser uma abordagem que propicia a investigação das políticas como um processo contínuo, bem como pela sua preocupação com os efeitos das políticas. Quanto ao viés avaliativo, foram utilizadas, em especial, as orientações metodológicas de textos de Sonia Draibe e de Marta Arretche, em análises que contemplaram quatro dimensões e suas inter-relações: gestão; relação escola/comunidade; cognitiva/pedagógica; financeira. Como o Programa teve seu início em 2008, nas regiões metropolitanas, esse foi o critério de seleção das escolas para a realização da pesquisa empírica. Foram 49 escolas estaduais contempladas em 2008, localizadas nos municípios de Porto Alegre, Canoas, Gravataí e Viamão. Dessas 49 escolas foram selecionadas onze escolas como amostra para estudo mais aprofundado. No desenvolvimento da tese foi realizado um resgate sucinto das diferentes matrizes filosóficas, ideológicas e políticas do conceito de educação integral, especialmente nas vertentes libertária e liberal, que deram suporte à maioria das experiências de tempo integral que também são apresentadas. Também são caracterizados o Programa Mais Educação – seus objetivos, finalidades, marco teórico – e a política de financiamento da educação, cuja ênfase foi a insuficiência de recursos para cobrir as demandas educativas contemporâneas num contexto de garantia de direitos e o financiamento do Programa na sua relação com os demais recursos recebidos pelas escolas. Além do crescimento expressivo e acelerado do Programa, os achados do estudo indicam um alto grau de satisfação dos beneficiários e dos implementadores, que permite dizer que o Programa tem efetividade social e, de certa maneira, também, tem efetividade institucional, embora, para atingir os objetivos, num grau maior, precise de ajustes, pois ainda não ocorreram as mudanças curriculares que o Programa propõe. A implementação não vem seguindo as orientações dos documentos oficiais, mas alguns documentos apresentam falta de clareza. Os desencontros de finalidades e objetivos identificados se devem à ausência um currículo integral e integrado; à resistência dos docentes em relação aos oficineiros; ao viés reducionista atribuído ao Programa; à falta de regularidade do oferecimento das oficinas; à infrequência e à ausência de acompanhamento sistemático pela mantenedora e de proposta de formação continuada na perspectiva da educação integral para as escolas. / This thesis is in the field of public policies evaluation and, based on that, it evaluates the implementation of the federal government program called “More Education Program” (Programa Mais Educação), which intends to lead to an extension of the school day, on the integral education perspective. It is a qualitative research which has had, as its general goal, to evaluate the program implementation processes and its impact on the quality of education and on the funding of Elementary School, in public schools in Rio Grande do Sul. As for theoretical aspects, the study presents a brief background of the public policy, as a knowledge area and legal and conceptual issues of public policy and policy evaluation. The methodological reference was Stephen Ball and Richard Bowe´s Policy Cycle analytical model. The choice is justified for it is an approach that allows the investigation of policies as a continuous process, as well as its concerns about policies effects. Regarding the evaluative perspective, methodological orientations texts by Sonia Draibe and Marta Arretche have been used in analysis which covered four dimensions and their inter-relations: management; school/community relations; cognitive/pedagogical; financial. Once the Program started in 2008, in the metropolitan regions, those were the criteria for selecting the schools for the empirical research. Forty nine state schools in Porto Alegre, Canoas and Gravataí were accessed. Eleven, out of the forty nine schools, were selected as a sample for deeper studies. During the thesis development there was a brief recovery of the different philosophical, ideological and political matrices of integral education concept, especially in the libertarian and liberal aspects, which supported most of full time experiences, also presented. The Programa Mais Educação – its objectives, purposes, theoretical background is described, as well as the education funding policy, whose emphasis was the resources constraint to afford the contemporary educational demands in a way in which rights are guaranteed, and the Program funding towards other resources received by the schools. Besides the Program´s meaningful and fast growth, findings show a high degree of satisfaction among beneficiaries and implementers. This demonstrates the Program has social effectiveness and, in a way, institutional effectiveness, although, in order to achieve the goals, in a higher degree, it needs some adjustments, once the curricular changes proposed by the Program haven´t happened, yet. The implementation hasn´t been following official documents orientations but some of the documents are not clear enough. The discrepancy between the purposes and the identified goals are due to the lack of a full and integrated curriculum; the educational staff resistance to the workshops instructors; the reductionist characteristic attributed to the Program; the lack of regularity in the workshop offers; the infrequency and lack of systematic follow-up by the government and a proposal of continued education on schools integral education perspective.

Esta tese se insere no campo da avaliação de política pública e com esse escopo faz a avaliação da implementação da política do governo federal denominada “Programa Mais Educação” que se propõe a ser um indutor da ampliação da jornada escolar na perspectiva da educação integral. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter qualitativo que teve como objetivo geral avaliar processos de implementação e impactos do Programa na qualidade da educação e no financiamento do ensino fundamental em escolas da rede estadual de ensino do Rio Grande do Sul. Nos aspectos teóricos, o estudo apresenta um breve histórico da política pública enquanto campo de conhecimento e aspectos legais e conceituais de política pública e de avaliação de política. Como referencial metodológico foi utilizado o modelo analítico do ciclo de política de Stephen Ball e Richard Bowe, por ser uma abordagem que propicia a investigação das políticas como um processo contínuo, bem como pela sua preocupação com os efeitos das políticas. Quanto ao viés avaliativo, foram utilizadas, em especial, as orientações metodológicas de textos de Sonia Draibe e de Marta Arretche, em análises que contemplaram quatro dimensões e suas inter-relações: gestão; relação escola/comunidade; cognitiva/pedagógica; financeira. Como o Programa teve seu início em 2008, nas regiões metropolitanas, esse foi o critério de seleção das escolas para a realização da pesquisa empírica. Foram 49 escolas estaduais contempladas em 2008, localizadas nos municípios de Porto Alegre, Canoas, Gravataí e Viamão. Dessas 49 escolas foram selecionadas onze escolas como amostra para estudo mais aprofundado. No desenvolvimento da tese foi realizado um resgate sucinto das diferentes matrizes filosóficas, ideológicas e políticas do conceito de educação integral, especialmente nas vertentes libertária e liberal, que deram suporte à maioria das experiências de tempo integral que também são apresentadas. Também são caracterizados o Programa Mais Educação – seus objetivos, finalidades, marco teórico – e a política de financiamento da educação, cuja ênfase foi a insuficiência de recursos para cobrir as demandas educativas contemporâneas num contexto de garantia de direitos e o financiamento do Programa na sua relação com os demais recursos recebidos pelas escolas. Além do crescimento expressivo e acelerado do Programa, os achados do estudo indicam um alto grau de satisfação dos beneficiários e dos implementadores, que permite dizer que o Programa tem efetividade social e, de certa maneira, também, tem efetividade institucional, embora, para atingir os objetivos, num grau maior, precise de ajustes, pois ainda não ocorreram as mudanças curriculares que o Programa propõe. A implementação não vem seguindo as orientações dos documentos oficiais, mas alguns documentos apresentam falta de clareza. Os desencontros de finalidades e objetivos identificados se devem à ausência um currículo integral e integrado; à resistência dos docentes em relação aos oficineiros; ao viés reducionista atribuído ao Programa; à falta de regularidade do oferecimento das oficinas; à infrequência e à ausência de acompanhamento sistemático pela mantenedora e de proposta de formação continuada na perspectiva da educação integral para as escolas. / This thesis is in the field of public policies evaluation and, based on that, it evaluates the implementation of the federal government program called “More Education Program” (Programa Mais Educação), which intends to lead to an extension of the school day, on the integral education perspective. It is a qualitative research which has had, as its general goal, to evaluate the program implementation processes and its impact on the quality of education and on the funding of Elementary School, in public schools in Rio Grande do Sul. As for theoretical aspects, the study presents a brief background of the public policy, as a knowledge area and legal and conceptual issues of public policy and policy evaluation. The methodological reference was Stephen Ball and Richard Bowe´s Policy Cycle analytical model. The choice is justified for it is an approach that allows the investigation of policies as a continuous process, as well as its concerns about policies effects. Regarding the evaluative perspective, methodological orientations texts by Sonia Draibe and Marta Arretche have been used in analysis which covered four dimensions and their inter-relations: management; school/community relations; cognitive/pedagogical; financial. Once the Program started in 2008, in the metropolitan regions, those were the criteria for selecting the schools for the empirical research. Forty nine state schools in Porto Alegre, Canoas and Gravataí were accessed. Eleven, out of the forty nine schools, were selected as a sample for deeper studies. During the thesis development there was a brief recovery of the different philosophical, ideological and political matrices of integral education concept, especially in the libertarian and liberal aspects, which supported most of full time experiences, also presented. The Programa Mais Educação – its objectives, purposes, theoretical background is described, as well as the education funding policy, whose emphasis was the resources constraint to afford the contemporary educational demands in a way in which rights are guaranteed, and the Program funding towards other resources received by the schools. Besides the Program´s meaningful and fast growth, findings show a high degree of satisfaction among beneficiaries and implementers. This demonstrates the Program has social effectiveness and, in a way, institutional effectiveness, although, in order to achieve the goals, in a higher degree, it needs some adjustments, once the curricular changes proposed by the Program haven´t happened, yet. The implementation hasn´t been following official documents orientations but some of the documents are not clear enough. The discrepancy between the purposes and the identified goals are due to the lack of a full and integrated curriculum; the educational staff resistance to the workshops instructors; the reductionist characteristic attributed to the Program; the lack of regularity in the workshop offers; the infrequency and lack of systematic follow-up by the government and a proposal of continued education on schools integral education perspective.

Esta tese se insere no campo da avaliação de política pública e com esse escopo faz a avaliação da implementação da política do governo federal denominada “Programa Mais Educação” que se propõe a ser um indutor da ampliação da jornada escolar na perspectiva da educação integral. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter qualitativo que teve como objetivo geral avaliar processos de implementação e impactos do Programa na qualidade da educação e no financiamento do ensino fundamental em escolas da rede estadual de ensino do Rio Grande do Sul. Nos aspectos teóricos, o estudo apresenta um breve histórico da política pública enquanto campo de conhecimento e aspectos legais e conceituais de política pública e de avaliação de política. Como referencial metodológico foi utilizado o modelo analítico do ciclo de política de Stephen Ball e Richard Bowe, por ser uma abordagem que propicia a investigação das políticas como um processo contínuo, bem como pela sua preocupação com os efeitos das políticas. Quanto ao viés avaliativo, foram utilizadas, em especial, as orientações metodológicas de textos de Sonia Draibe e de Marta Arretche, em análises que contemplaram quatro dimensões e suas inter-relações: gestão; relação escola/comunidade; cognitiva/pedagógica; financeira. Como o Programa teve seu início em 2008, nas regiões metropolitanas, esse foi o critério de seleção das escolas para a realização da pesquisa empírica. Foram 49 escolas estaduais contempladas em 2008, localizadas nos municípios de Porto Alegre, Canoas, Gravataí e Viamão. Dessas 49 escolas foram selecionadas onze escolas como amostra para estudo mais aprofundado. No desenvolvimento da tese foi realizado um resgate sucinto das diferentes matrizes filosóficas, ideológicas e políticas do conceito de educação integral, especialmente nas vertentes libertária e liberal, que deram suporte à maioria das experiências de tempo integral que também são apresentadas. Também são caracterizados o Programa Mais Educação – seus objetivos, finalidades, marco teórico – e a política de financiamento da educação, cuja ênfase foi a insuficiência de recursos para cobrir as demandas educativas contemporâneas num contexto de garantia de direitos e o financiamento do Programa na sua relação com os demais recursos recebidos pelas escolas. Além do crescimento expressivo e acelerado do Programa, os achados do estudo indicam um alto grau de satisfação dos beneficiários e dos implementadores, que permite dizer que o Programa tem efetividade social e, de certa maneira, também, tem efetividade institucional, embora, para atingir os objetivos, num grau maior, precise de ajustes, pois ainda não ocorreram as mudanças curriculares que o Programa propõe. A implementação não vem seguindo as orientações dos documentos oficiais, mas alguns documentos apresentam falta de clareza. Os desencontros de finalidades e objetivos identificados se devem à ausência um currículo integral e integrado; à resistência dos docentes em relação aos oficineiros; ao viés reducionista atribuído ao Programa; à falta de regularidade do oferecimento das oficinas; à infrequência e à ausência de acompanhamento sistemático pela mantenedora e de proposta de formação continuada na perspectiva da educação integral para as escolas. / This thesis is in the field of public policies evaluation and, based on that, it evaluates the implementation of the federal government program called “More Education Program” (Programa Mais Educação), which intends to lead to an extension of the school day, on the integral education perspective. It is a qualitative research which has had, as its general goal, to evaluate the program implementation processes and its impact on the quality of education and on the funding of Elementary School, in public schools in Rio Grande do Sul. As for theoretical aspects, the study presents a brief background of the public policy, as a knowledge area and legal and conceptual issues of public policy and policy evaluation. The methodological reference was Stephen Ball and Richard Bowe´s Policy Cycle analytical model. The choice is justified for it is an approach that allows the investigation of policies as a continuous process, as well as its concerns about policies effects. Regarding the evaluative perspective, methodological orientations texts by Sonia Draibe and Marta Arretche have been used in analysis which covered four dimensions and their inter-relations: management; school/community relations; cognitive/pedagogical; financial. Once the Program started in 2008, in the metropolitan regions, those were the criteria for selecting the schools for the empirical research. Forty nine state schools in Porto Alegre, Canoas and Gravataí were accessed. Eleven, out of the forty nine schools, were selected as a sample for deeper studies. During the thesis development there was a brief recovery of the different philosophical, ideological and political matrices of integral education concept, especially in the libertarian and liberal aspects, which supported most of full time experiences, also presented. The Programa Mais Educação – its objectives, purposes, theoretical background is described, as well as the education funding policy, whose emphasis was the resources constraint to afford the contemporary educational demands in a way in which rights are guaranteed, and the Program funding towards other resources received by the schools. Besides the Program´s meaningful and fast growth, findings show a high degree of satisfaction among beneficiaries and implementers. This demonstrates the Program has social effectiveness and, in a way, institutional effectiveness, although, in order to achieve the goals, in a higher degree, it needs some adjustments, once the curricular changes proposed by the Program haven´t happened, yet. The implementation hasn´t been following official documents orientations but some of the documents are not clear enough. The discrepancy between the purposes and the identified goals are due to the lack of a full and integrated curriculum; the educational staff resistance to the workshops instructors; the reductionist characteristic attributed to the Program; the lack of regularity in the workshop offers; the infrequency and lack of systematic follow-up by the government and a proposal of continued education on schools integral education perspective.

No description available.

Government policies on subsidising higher education institutions may have a direct impact on the behaviour of researchers and managers respectively. Therefore, this thesis looks for clues on how higher education institutions respond to the government funding policies, with special reference to the New Funding Framework (NFF) introduced in South Africa in 2001. The funding framework specified that research funding would be determined only on the basis of research output. The NFF puts emphasis on the number of publications produced by higher education institutions per annum to determine their subsidy amounts. Governments use quantitative formulas to allocate research funds to higher education institutions based on their production of output. The current South African funding framework is arguably consistent with some international suggestions of the role that government funding can play in the implementation of national higher policies. This thesis uses higher education research output as a measure of knowledge production. As such, the thesis was set out to determine the effects that the research subsidy component of the NFF might have had on South African public higher education institutions‟ knowledge production between 2001 and 2006. The thesis argues that the subsidy component of the NFF has had positive effects on the knowledge production of South African public higher education institutions (HEIs). An empirical analysis of the output trends of South African HEIs for the period under review has shown a steady increase, more especially from 2003. The thesis attributes the new trend in higher education research output to the successful implementation of the NFF. It is thus concluded that considering the output trends of the period under review, the implementation of the NFF is yielding positive effects towards achieving its intended goal of increasing research output of South African public HEIs. / Public Administration / D. Admin. (Public Administration)

Government policies on subsidising higher education institutions may have a direct impact on the behaviour of researchers and managers respectively. Therefore, this thesis looks for clues on how higher education institutions respond to the government funding policies, with special reference to the New Funding Framework (NFF) introduced in South Africa in 2001. The funding framework specified that research funding would be determined only on the basis of research output. The NFF puts emphasis on the number of publications produced by higher education institutions per annum to determine their subsidy amounts. Governments use quantitative formulas to allocate research funds to higher education institutions based on their production of output. The current South African funding framework is arguably consistent with some international suggestions of the role that government funding can play in the implementation of national higher policies. This thesis uses higher education research output as a measure of knowledge production. As such, the thesis was set out to determine the effects that the research subsidy component of the NFF might have had on South African public higher education institutions‟ knowledge production between 2001 and 2006. The thesis argues that the subsidy component of the NFF has had positive effects on the knowledge production of South African public higher education institutions (HEIs). An empirical analysis of the output trends of South African HEIs for the period under review has shown a steady increase, more especially from 2003. The thesis attributes the new trend in higher education research output to the successful implementation of the NFF. It is thus concluded that considering the output trends of the period under review, the implementation of the NFF is yielding positive effects towards achieving its intended goal of increasing research output of South African public HEIs. / Public Administration and Management / D. Admin. (Public Administration)