The amount of people retiring in Sweden is increasing and will continue to do so in the future. Politicians have recognized a challenge in this demographic development and it is important that they act in time and in a way that satisfies the need. The disposable income for people above the age of 65 has increased the past years and continues to increase according to the Swedish Statistics forecast, this indicates that the retired people will have more money to spend on housing in the future. There are different types of living for elderly in Sweden; staying at home, senior living, secure living and nursing homes and an interesting question is if these will be adoptable in the future. New solutions, which address the demands for higher standards, will ease the social and security aspects for the residents as well as improve the work environment for the employees in the home care service business. These different solutions are not yet implemented in a large scale, but development show that they are influencing the future direction of building senior residencies. Retired couples who get ill at different times might not get to live together or near each other when they require different levels of assistance to manage daily life. Moving away from a familiar area, family and friends can be stressful. By placing different types of elderly living close to each other is a solution that might help decrease that stress. There are some solutions like this already on the market today and it is a solution worth investigating more. We believe that the availability of new and refurbished buildings needs to be more focused on easing the living for elderly people and may be achieved by implementing a certification system. Implementation and use of this certification system may create goodwill for investors and therefore force construction companies to build according to it. However a certification has to be requested by residents, municipalities and tenants, to be considered by the investors.

Satsningen på trygghetsbostäder ligger i en ökad utmaning av äldre som upplever otrygghet eller isolering i sina hem. Kraven för att kunna flytta till ett trygghetsboende är att den äldre ska ha fyllt 70 år, ha stöd av hemtjänst och uppleva sig otrygg eller isolerad. Få studier berör vad som påverkar äldre att vilja flytta till ett trygghetsboende och hur de sedan upplever boendet. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka vilka faktorer som påverkar äldres val av att flytta till ett trygghetsboende och hur de sedan upplever det att bo där. Empirin har samlats in via en kvalitativ studie I form av halvstrukturerade intervjuer med äldre boende på ett trygghetsboende. För att analysera empirin har Nahemow och Lawtons (1973) ekologiska modell använts. Resultatet visar på att äldre väljer att flytta på grund av otillgängliga bostäder, ensamhet, nedsatt hälsotillstånd och begränsad rörelseförmåga. Valet av trygghetsboende som boendeform grundar sig i närheten till andra äldre och omsorgspersonal, tillgängliga utrymmen och gemensamma aktiviteter. Upplevelsen av boendet varierar beroende på den äldres erfarenhet, personlighet och förmåga. De flesta äldre upplever sig självständigare, tryggare och i mindre utsträckning ensamma i deras hem på trygghetsboendet. / The investment in social housing lies in an increased challenge of older people who experience insecurity or isolation in their homes. The requirements for moving to a social housing are that the elderly must have reached the age of 70, have support from home care and feel unsafe or isolated. Few studies are about why the elderly want to move to a social housing and how they then experience the accommodation. The aim of this study is to investigate what factors affect older people's choice of moving to a social housing and how they then experience it to live there. The empirical data has been collected through a qualitative study in the form of semi-structured interviews with elderly residents in a social housing. Nahemow and Lawton's (1973) ecological model has been used to analyze the empirical data. The results show that older people choose to move due to inaccessible housing, loneliness and reduced health status and mobility. The choice of social housing as a form of housing is based on the closeness of other elderly and care staff, accessible spaces and joint activities. The experience of the accommodation varies depending on the experience, personality and ability of the elderly. Most elderly find themselves more independent, safer and feeling less alone in their homes in the social housing.

有鑑於過去人口結構的變化，台灣已成為人口老化速度最快的國家，人口老 齡化已成為一個重大議題。而老年人比例最高的日本，卻出現廣泛的老年貧窮 （下流老人）現象。因此，本研究以日本的情況為依據，對台灣老年貧窮的整體 概況和未來趨勢的發展進行資料整合與分析。主要探討台灣“老年貧窮”問題的 出現，並找出其影響的程度及其未來的發展，後續並深入分析其造成台灣“老年 貧窮”問題之關鍵指標因素，以及政府解決老年貧窮問題的政策與措施。研究發 現，超過五成老年人口落在最低收入、最貧窮層級的家戶中，顯示台灣社會的“老 年貧窮”現象有所增加。而造成台灣老年貧窮的原因為：一、退休養老金不足（低 於基本生活開銷）; 二、就業（低薪的工作環境）; 三、家庭養老功能下降（老 人獨居比率不斷上升）; 四、太早離開勞動力市場（儲蓄不足）。研究結果顯示，弱化的社會保障制度是老年貧窮比率升高的主要原因，而老年貧窮的現象亦廣泛存在於台灣社會，因此建議需提升公眾意識，提早準備充足的退休養老金、並加 強社區老人關懷功能、以及持續關注老年貧窮的問題。本研究結果可提供未來探 討台灣老年貧窮議題之參考，相關研究值得後續做進一步的探討分析。 / In view of the change in demographic structure in the past few years, Taiwan has become the country with the fastest speed of population aging. The aging population has become a major issue. Japan has the highest ratio of aged citizens, and the widely discussed phenomena of elderly poverty (The low-living elderly). Thus, this study based on Japan's case, has systematically reviewed, analyzed, and secondary data, in order to provide the overall and future trends of elderly poverty situation in Taiwan. The study probes into the emergence of the “elderly poverty” problem and try to find out the extent of this problem and its future outlook, to explore the causes of the “elderly poverty” problem in Taiwan and the official measures for alleviating elderly poverty. The research found that more than 50% of the elderly was the poorest households with the lowest income, nearly half of the elderly population falls to the lowest and poorest level, shows “the low-living elderly” phenomenon has increasing in Taiwan’s society. The causes of the elderly poverty in Taiwan: 1. the labor pension is too low (less than the necessary living expenses); 2. unstable employment (low income work); 3. family care function are decline (the elders living alone has keep rising); 4. early to exit from the labor market (lack of deposits). The weakened social security system are the main causes for the rising old-age poverty. The elderly poverty exists widely and need to promote public awareness for prepare adequate deposit in retirement, strengthen care function of community and focus on the elderly poor issues. For overall pictures of elderly poverty in Taiwan is worthy of further investigation and discussion.