The purpose of this project is to design and construct a portable lightweight elevator for transportation of goods to rooftops. The elevator should be easy to transport, assemble and disassemble, it should also be useful at various heights and for a wide range of roof inclinations. The elevator contains a railway consisting of four separable modules. A carriage rides the railway and is pulled to the top with a winch powered by a DC-motor. The carriage starts and stops using a Rocker switch and a Hall sensor that detects magnets placed at the end and beginning of the railway. After performing tests with the elevator the conclusion is that the elevator is practical to assemble and transport, but the carriage derails too easily when the railway has angular changes. / Målet med projektet är att designa och konstruera en portabellättviktshiss som kan transportera gods från marknivå till hustak. Den ska vara lätt att transportera och att montera ner och upp, den ska också gå att anvåanda för olika höjder och på hus med olika taklutningar. Hissen består av en räls som går att ta isär i fyra olika delar. En vagn åker på fyra hjul uppför rälsen och lyftkraften kommerfrån en vinsch som drivs av en likströmsmotor. Vagnen kan starta och stanna med hjälp av en knapp, den stannar även automatisk då en hallsensor på vagnen känner av magneter som är placerade vid början och slutet av rälsen. En arduino Uno skickar signaler mellan de elektriska komponenterna och motorn får ström via en H-brygga, vilket gör att den kan rotera i båda riktningarna. Efter att hissen testats kan det konstateras att konstruktionen är enkel att bygga ihop och smidig att fästa vid olikavinklar och höjder. Däremot spårar vagnen ofta ur då hissen körs med för branta vinklar mellan de olika delarna av rälsen.

Linear switched reluctance motor (LSRM) drives are investigated and proved as an alternative actuator for vertical linear transportation applications such as a linear elevator. A one-tenth scaled prototype elevator focused on a home elevator with LSRMs is designed and extensive experimental correlation is presented for the first time. The proposed LSRM has twin stators and a set of translator poles without back-iron. The translators are placed between the two stators. The design procedures and features of the LSRM and the prototype elevator are described. The designed LSRM is validated through a finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental measurements. Furthermore, a control strategy for the prototype elevator is introduced consisting of four control loops, viz., current, force, velocity, and position feedback control loops. For force control, a novel force distribution function (FDF) is proposed and compared with conventional FDFs. A trapezoidal velocity profile is introduced to control vertical travel position smoothly during the elevator's ascent, descent, and halt operations. Conventional proportional plus integral (PI) controller is used for the current and velocity control loops and their designs are described. The proposed control strategy is dynamically simulated and experimentally correlated. Analytical and experimental results of this research prove that LSRMs are one of the strong candidates for ropeless linear elevator applications. However, the proposed FDF is assuming that the feedback current signals are ideal currents indicating actual phase currents without any measurement disturbances mainly arising from sensor noise, DC-link voltage ripple, measurement offset, and variations in the plant model. Meanwhile, real control systems in industry have measurement disturbance problems. Phase current corrupted by measurement disturbances increases torque or force ripple, acoustic noise and EMI. Therefore, this dissertation also presents a novel current control method to suppress measurement disturbances without extra hardware. The controller is based on an extended state observer (ESO) and a nonlinear P controller (NLP). The proposed method does not require an accurate mathematical model of system and can be implemented on a low-cost DSP controller. The proposed ESO is exploited to estimate the measurement disturbances on measured phase currents, and the proposed NLP compensates for the measurement disturbances estimated by the ESO. The performance of the proposed current control is validated through extensive dynamic simulations and experiments. Moreover, this rejection of measurement disturbances results in a reduction of force ripple and acoustic noise. Due to superior and robust current control performance, it is believed that the proposed method can be successfully applied into other motor drive systems to suppress measurement disturbances with the same promising results without extra hardware. / Ph. D.

The master thesis encompasses the possibilities of position evaluation and drive control with the aid of SMI work enviroment. Furthermore the thesis is directed to create a program through a designed control algorithm. The work is realised on the elevator model with electronically commuted motor. An incremental scanner is used as the position sensor. The motor control unit is set up and programmed in the SmartMotorInterface software. In the next part, measurements with altered parameters are conducted. On the basis of these measurements the influence of parameters on the positioning process and its accuracy is evaluated. At the conclusion of the work, a design of laboratory task for educational purposes is created. The laboratory task is composed in such a way, that students would become familiar with the SMI work enviroment and would be able to practicaly test the setup of incremental position sensor and motor control with the aid of entered algorithm.

The aim of this thesis is to deal with teaching of negative numbers in mathematics in lower primary school. The thesis brings an overview of exercises related to negative numbers, which are available in textbooks dedicated to lower and upper primary school. Main part of the thesis is devoted to three different experiments - pupils experiment, teaching experiment and parlour game. The pupils experiment analysis the successes and troubles of pupils attending 4th and 5th class when filling out the worksheets focused on various models of negative numbers. Furthermore, the teaching experiment based on a questionnaire survey describes comments of lower and upper primary school teachers in regards to implementation and usefulness of negative numbers. Parlour game experiment demonstrates the ability of pupils to grasp mathematical phenomenon by playing a game. Key words: ­ additive operations with negative numbers ­ experiment ­ models of negative number: thermometer, floor, surface ­ environment Stepping ­ environment Stairs ­ word problems ­ board game ­ negative numbers

Miwa Yanagi’s Elevator Girls series, a collection of glossy photographs featuring groups of similarly clad women lingering in expansive, empty arcades, made its international debut in 1996. While the pieces garnered positive reactions, Yanagi found that most Western viewers read her work as predominantly “Oriental”—confirming stereotypes of a highly polished techno-topic Japan that was still negotiating gender equality. In this thesis, I explore alternative ways of reading Yanagi’s Elevator Girls series, which, I argue, call attention to myopic views of commercialism and identity in order to provide an alternative reading of these women as agents of transgression and ideological transcendence. Whereas many viewed Yanagi’s works as a comment on capitalist machinations, where consumerism has produced soulless, vapid feminine identities, I focus on the ways in which these women exercise agency without relying on notions of an individualized, unique ego.

The objective of the master´s thesis is design of the building in the Valtice city. The building is designed as single-detached dwelling. On the first floor are located wine cellar, sanitary facilities for guests and the staff, common areas and guest accommodation facilities. The second and third floor are designed for guest accommodation facilities and for a need of the staff. The wine cellar and one room unit are designed as a wheelchair accessible. External walls are made of Heluz Family 44 brickwork. Ceiling structure is made of reinforced concrete slabs. The supporting system is made of Porotherm 25 / 25 AKU SYM. The building is three-level house with flat roof and partly basement.

This diploma thesis solves a project documentation of boarding house and contains appurtenances according to valid regulations. The house is as a detached house, without basement. It has rectangular size and is covered with a flat one coat roof and saddle roof with truss girders. The house has three floors with terrace. On the second and third floor is 14 guest rooms with social rooms. On the first floor is: pram room, bicycle/ski room, reception, utility rooms, wellness, restaurant, kitchen. In the house is designed a elevator. The house is brick with a contact thermal insulation system. Ceiling constructions are from prestressed panels. The house is designed on sloping terrain from south to north.

In my diploma thesis i deal with the construction of the mixed-use building in Boskovice, street lipova´ on plot 4363/2, 4415/111, 4415/116, 4415/107, 4370, 4415/109, 4415/110, 4415/1, 4415/94. The total area of the plot is 6460 m2. The mixed-use building has 4 floors and a part basement. Vertical constructions in the basement are designed from the concrete blocks and for the overgound floors porotherm clay grinded bricks p+d. The vertical peripheral structures are provided with an etics thermal insulation system. Horizontal bearing structures are designed as monolithic reinforced concrete slabs. The roof is a warm flat roof. In the mixed-use building are situated 4 offices, 2 shops, 2 small service offices and 8 dwelling units. Storage rooms and garage are designed in the basement. The drawing part of my thesis was processed in a computer program AutoCAD.

This thesis deals with the automatic detection of elevator controls in personal elevators through digital imaging using computer vision. The theoretical part of the thesis goes through methods of image processing with regards to object detection in image and research of previous solutions. This leads to investigation into the field of convolutional neural networks. The practical part covers the creation of elevator controls image dataset, selection, training and evaluation of the used models and the implementation of a robust algorithm utilizing the detection of elevator controls. The conclussion of the work discusses the suitability of the detection on given task.

Multifunctional buliding is designed as a alone standing new buliding in the cadastral area of Žilina on a private plot no. 4518, Alexandra Street Rudnaya. The buidling is situated in the older part of city build in the sixties with the dominanting residental houses. Type of the multipurpose building is dominant with a residental function. The building totaly contains four apartment units. In the ground floor are offices, spaces of surgeries and access to housing and accessories. Each function has a separate entrance, which is designed for handicapped. In the basemnt of the building are designed in a common garage, basement and substation for heating domestic hot water and heating all function in the building. Enterence in to garage is designed from the east side od street Juraja Sklenara. The building is covered wich flat, monotube roof. The building has got rectangular shape which one outlet on the southeast side. Attic roof is 10,75 meters above the ground.