<p>Efterfrågan på arbetskraft har ökat inom IT-branschen samtidigt som den svenska arbetsmarknaden står inför en generationsväxling. Därav har konkurrensen om arbetskraften ökat och det har blivit viktigare för arbetsgivarna att arbeta mer fokuserat med att attrahera och behålla unga medarbetare. Syftet med denna studie är därför att undersöka vad unga som redan arbetar på ett IT-företag anser är viktigt, både för att attrahera och behålla unga framtida medarbetare. Detta gjordes genom en fallstudie och tio djupintervjuer genomfördes med unga medarbetare på företaget. Detta har resulterat i ett utkast till en modell som visar vilka aspekter som är viktiga för att attrahera och behålla unga medarbetare. Vidare i modellen beskrivs förhållandena mellan dessa aspekter och när dessa är viktiga för unga medarbetare. Den främsta aspekten både ur behålla- och attraheraperspektivet visade sig vara utveckling. De psykologiska teorier och begrepp som appliceras på modellen är commitment, psykologiska kontrakt, employer attractiveness, employer branding samt diverse strategier för att attrahera och behålla personal.</p>

Efterfrågan på arbetskraft har ökat inom IT-branschen samtidigt som den svenska arbetsmarknaden står inför en generationsväxling. Därav har konkurrensen om arbetskraften ökat och det har blivit viktigare för arbetsgivarna att arbeta mer fokuserat med att attrahera och behålla unga medarbetare. Syftet med denna studie är därför att undersöka vad unga som redan arbetar på ett IT-företag anser är viktigt, både för att attrahera och behålla unga framtida medarbetare. Detta gjordes genom en fallstudie och tio djupintervjuer genomfördes med unga medarbetare på företaget. Detta har resulterat i ett utkast till en modell som visar vilka aspekter som är viktiga för att attrahera och behålla unga medarbetare. Vidare i modellen beskrivs förhållandena mellan dessa aspekter och när dessa är viktiga för unga medarbetare. Den främsta aspekten både ur behålla- och attraheraperspektivet visade sig vara utveckling. De psykologiska teorier och begrepp som appliceras på modellen är commitment, psykologiska kontrakt, employer attractiveness, employer branding samt diverse strategier för att attrahera och behålla personal.

<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> <w:UseFELayout /> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" LatentStyleCount="156"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]> <object classid="clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D" id=ieooui></object><mce:style><! st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } --> <!--[endif]--> <!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:Garamond; panose-1:2 2 4 4 3 3 1 1 8 3; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:647 0 0 0 159 0;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin-top:0cm; margin-right:0cm; margin-bottom:9.0pt; margin-left:0cm; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Garamond; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} @page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:70.85pt 70.85pt 70.85pt 70.85pt; mso-header-margin:36.0pt; mso-footer-margin:36.0pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> <!--[if gte mso 10]> <mce:style><! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Normal tabell"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} --> <!--[endif]--> Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine what attributes graduating students prefer when choosing their first employer after graduation. Background: To attract good employees are becoming more and more important. Since there are over 60 000 students graduating every year from universities in Sweden, it is crucial for organizations to know how to best attract these talents. It is generally small- and medium sized companies (SMC’s) that have problem since they don’t have the resources to find information and brand themselves as good employers, and hence, large multinational companies are being ranked as the most attractive employers. If these SMC’s would know what attributes the graduate students find most important, they would be able to focus on those and more successfully attract the students suitable for their organization. Method: In order to fulfill the purpose, an exploratory study had been made. Quantitative data was collected by a delivery and collection questionnaire, which was handed out in classes at Jönköping International Business School (JIBS) and Jönköping School of Engineering (JTH). The findings in this thesis are based on 124 graduating students preferred job attributes. Conclusion: When looking at JIBS and JTH in total, the students find attributes relating to responsibilities and involvement in decision making to be the most important. However, when only looking at JTH, the students value job security and good relationship at the workplace over other attributes. At JIBS, graduate students are attracted to jobs where they can take responsibility and make further career advancements.

Denna studie utgår från fältet PR och marknadskommunikation med inriktning mot employer branding. Landstinget i Jönköpings län har nyligen inlett ett arbete med employer branding och som ett led i detta arbete söker de nu kunskap om vad som bör kommuniceras till presumtiva medarbetare för att på så sätt skapa ett attraktivt employer brand. Syftet med studien var att identifiera de attribut som Landstinget i Jönköpings län med fördel kan lyfta fram i den marknadskommunikation som riktas till presumtiva medarbetare. För att besvara syftet utfördes en kvantitativ enkätundersökning bland studenter vid Högskolan i Jönköping för att få en bild av vilka attribut de ansåg viktiga hos en arbetsgivare samt hur de såg på Landstinget som arbetsgivare. För att få ytterligare substans i studien valde vi att ställa resultaten mot teorier om inre och yttre motivation för att på så sätt undersöka vilken typ av motivaton som de tillfrågade studenterna drivs av när de väljer arbetsgivare. Studiens resultat ger en tydlig bild av vad som anses vara mest respektive minst attraktivt hos en arbetsgivare, där goda relationer med kollegor är det attribut som värderats högst och förmånersamt bonus värderats lägst av respondenterna. Goda relationer med kollegor är även det attribut som respondenterna ansåg som mest troligt att Landstinget kunde erbjuda som arbetsgivare. Sammanfattningsvis har studiens resultat visat att psykologiska attribut som kan härledas till inre motivation är de som värderats mest attraktiva. Vidare visar resultatet att de ekonomiska attributen, som kan härledas till yttre motivation, inte anses vara lika attraktiva. Studenterna vid de olika utbildningsprogramen som ingick i studien visade sig värdera attraktivitet och image på ett likvärdigt sätt, vilket har möjliggjort en rekommendation av ett employer value proposition för Landstinget i Jönköpings län.

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Målet med rekrytering är att identifiera och attrahera potentiella arbets-sökanden utan att påverka dessa negativt. Tidigare forskning har visat att kandidatupplevelsen påverkas av huruvida den arbetssökande upplever rekryteringsprocessen som rättvis. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur en rekryteringsprocess upplevs av arbetssökanden samt om kön, generationstillhörighet respektive arbetsgivarens attraktivitet har ett samband med kandidatupplevelse. Även skillnader utifrån ansökt yrkesområde, hur långt kandidaten tog sig, samt hur kandidaten fick det slutgiltiga beskedet undersöktes. Deltagare var 1261 arbetssökanden, varav 1009 var män, som under en sexmånadersperiod sökt arbete på ett stort svenskt industriföretag. Utifrån mätinstrumentet Selection Procedural Justice Scale (SPJS) utformades en webbenkät. Resultatet visade att det finns en skillnad i kandidatupplevelse utifrån kandidatens utfall i rekryteringsprocessen, mottagandet av slutgiltigt besked samt hur attraktiv arbetsgivaren anses vara. Rekryterare bör vara noga med att väsentlig återkoppling når varje kandidat. Undersökningen bidrog med nya insikter om kandidatupplevelse, främst utifrån individuella skillnader.

Employer branding is a strategic activity that has grown in popularity over the past two decades. Much progress has been made in investigating aspects of employer branding; however, many facets of the process, as it has been conceptualised in the research literature, remain empirically unexplored. The aim of this thesis is to get a deeper, more grounded understanding of employer branding based on an investigation of employer branding processes in practice. Four papers are presented, each providing a new perspective. In the first paper, industry experts??? perceptions of the characteristics of successful and unsuccessful employer brands are used to arrive at a typology of employer branding success. The typology is managerially relevant, providing a means by which firms may assess their employer branding success qualitatively and quantitatively (based on metrics commonly used in practice). Further, theoretical contributions are made by establishing employer branding as a context distinct from corporate and consumer branding, and by providing a basis for assessing variance between employer brands. In the second and third papers, the mechanisms that shape and perpetuate employer brands are explored. Individual (employee) and firm-related mechanisms drawn from the literature are empirically validated in the second paper using qualitative within-case analysis of four employer brands. The firms are from a broad range of industries and are characteristically successful (a pharmaceuticals and a financial services firm) and unsuccessful (a transport firm and a semi-government public utility). The case analysis results in the discovery of additional mechanisms relating to industry-level factors, not previously documented. These findings are built on in the third paper, where cross-case analysis of the same firms is used to establish a set of conditions that support or erode employer branding success. Importantly, theory perspectives outside the traditional domain of marketing (i.e., human resources, organisational behaviour and strategy) are shown to be critical for understanding the process in practice. A taxonomy of generic market segmentation types is used in the fourth paper to investigate the application of market segmentation to employer branding. Market segmentation is shown to provide a useful link between employer branding and broader strategic planning.

As the years go on the struggle to attract the most talented people has gotten increasingly fierce for organisations all over the world. In order to help them win this struggle organisations have developed a tool. This tool is employer branding, which is when an organisation implements marketing strategies to human resource activities. A branch of employer branding which deals specifically with the ability to attract employees is employer attractiveness. Studies on what makes an organisation particularly attractive as an employer has been conducted all over the world, and they have reached different conclusions. There has been speculation that the cultural differences between countries is the underlying cause to these differences in the findings, but not enough research has been conducted in the area to say for certain. The purpose of this thesis is to explain that apparent connection between what makes and employer attractive to someone and that person’s cultural values, as well as seeing if culture has an impact on what someone finds attractive in an employer. The best way of doing so was to conduct a quantitative, explanatory study, where questionnaires were sent to university students in two countries, Sweden and Germany. The questionnaire contained both elements related to employer attractiveness as well as to culture. The data was then analysed using statistical tests such as correlation and regression in order to fulfil the purpose of the study. After the analysis was conducted it was clear that there is a significant connection between employer attractiveness and culture, and that a person’s culture has an impact on what they find attractive in a potential employer. However, not all aspects of employer attractiveness perfectly correspond with all aspects of culture, but enough do to state that a connection and impact does exists. These findings are of value for organisations wanting to better target their strategies of attracting employees. The findings are especially relevant for organisations operating in a multinational environment, where impact of difference between cultures have to be taken into account to an even greater extent.

The purpose of this bachelor thesis was to extend the knowledge of how environmental-oriented CSR communication in job advertisements affects the attractiveness of employers from a potential employee perspective. The study was based on three theories, Employer brand, Social identity theory, and Signaling theory, and the concept of environmental-oriented CSR communication. The hypothesis was that environmental-oriented CSR communication in job advertisements increases employer attractiveness. The thesis had a quantitative method and used experimental web-based surveys to measure the attractiveness of two fictitious job advertisement scenarios, one which included environmental-oriented CSR communication and one which did not. The web-based survey was distributed to students by program managers of the major education areas taught at Kristianstaduniversity, in total 177 responses were collected. Previous studies have concluded that a company's CSR engagements may increase its attractiveness to potential employees. The results of the surveys show that there was a slight positive difference in employer attractiveness in the scenario including environmental-oriented CSR communication, when compared to the scenario that did not. However, the difference was not enough to be considered significant at the 0,05 level. The hypothesis that environmental-oriented CSR communication in job advertisements increases employer attractiveness was therefore rejected. Therefore, the conclusion of this bachelor thesis is that environmental-oriented CSR communication in job advertisements does not significantly increase the attractiveness of the employer.

Background: ​The concept of CSR has become a more discussed topic in relation to employer attractiveness in recent years. Recent research pointed in the direction of CSR to be a vital tool to be utilised in order for employers to enhance their employer attractiveness. By implementing CSR within an organisations agenda, will initially increase the number of job applicants. However, employer attractiveness in relation to CSR was still treated as a generic term, and not divided into specific values. Therefore, the authors divided​ ​the values within employer attractiveness (Interest, Social, Economic, Development and Application Value) and investigated which of the five values within employer attractiveness that were positively impacted by CSR. Purpose: ​The purpose of this paper was to explain how CSR impact employer attractiveness. Methodology: ​This thesis had a quantitative research method based on previous studies, hence, a deductive approach. The purpose was of an explanatory nature and the authors utilized a cross-sectional research design. The authors created an online survey that gathered 280 responses through the use of non-probability sampling in the form of a convenience sample. Findings: ​In this study, four out of the five hypotheses were accepted meaning that CSR positively impacts employer attractiveness. Furthermore, the authors cross-checked the independent and dependent variables together with control questions such as gender, age and occupation. Resulting in gender, age and occupation not having a significant impact on the result. Conclusion: ​The authors conclude that CSR positively impacts employer attractiveness through the measured values of Interest, Social, Development and Application Value. The authors could not conclude that CSR had a positive impact on Economic Value meaning that the hypothesis (H3) was rejected.