Spelling suggestions: "subject:"energy management system"" "subject:"anergy management system""
41 |
Consumo desagregado de energia: técnicas de monitoramento não intrusivo. / Disaggregated energy consumption: nonintrusive load monitoring techniques.Kanashiro, Eduardo 19 November 2015 (has links)
As Ações de Eficiência Energética encontram grandes barreiras para sua implantação. Um dos motivos pode estar na falta de conhecimento do tomador de decisão que, para evitar o custo inicial mais elevado de um equipamento eficiente, opta por instalar um equipamento mais barato, mas que consequentemente consome mais energia e aumenta os dispêndios com a eletricidade. Os sistemas de gestão de energia visam demonstrar a origem das despesas relacionadas ao consumo de energia elétrica, conscientizando os usuários acerca de tais custos. Muitos usuários não enxergam a possibilidade de economia de energia e de dinheiro, ao investir em equipamentos mais eficientes. Muitos consideram as faturas de energia como despesas fixas, logo, sem exigência de acompanhamento. Fato não compatível com os dias atuais. Ao identificar o consumo desagregado de energia da instalação, os usuários poderão avaliar os impactos de suas atividades em relação ao consumo de energia, assim com seu custo nas faturas de energia. A medição direta dos equipamentos reproduz o valor mais preciso do consumo desagregado. Entretanto, para muitas instalações esta prática é inviável, pois seus circuitos são compartilhados por diversos tipos de equipamentos e os custos de aquisição, implantação e leitura dos medidores podem se tornar proibitivos. É possível obter o valor do consumo desagregado por inspeção da instalação, que consiste no levantamento das características elétricas dos equipamentos, suas respectivas potências e períodos de utilização. Esse método, no entanto não é tão preciso na análise do consumo desagregado, pois envolve uma série de estimativas acerca da utilização dos equipamentos, que nem sempre são acertadas. Visando contornar estas situações, as técnicas de monitoramento não intrusivo de carga passaram a buscar na curva de carga as assinaturas elétricas dos equipamentos, para identificar seus períodos de funcionamento e assim obter o consumo desagregado. / The energy efficiency programs face huge difficulties to be deployed. The reason may be the lack of knowledge about total costs in acquires less efficient devices, which is cheaper, though the increases in energy bills eliminate this initial economy. Thereby, the Energy Management Systems aims to demonstrate the relation between the user\"s behavior and the electric power consumption. Many managers consider the electric bill as a fixed cost, without require tracking its origin. This means waste of energy and money. Analyzing the facility by sectors may improve the understanding about the costs in electricity and the knowledge about the disaggregated energy consumption, though is not always an easy issue to be obtained. Monitoring each equipment provides the exactly amount of energy is used in that system. However the costs of acquirement, implementation and monitoring these meters may become prohibitively. This way, the researches about nonintrusive load monitoring aim to demonstrate where the energy is being used and how it can be minimized.
|
42 |
Contribuições para a operação energética e econômica de microrredes isoladas com fontes renováveis / Contributions to the energetic and economic operation of isolated micro grids with renewable sourcesLeite Neto, Pedro Bezerra 02 June 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Rosivalda Pereira (mrs.pereira@ufma.br) on 2017-07-19T17:30:37Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
PedroLeiteNeto.pdf: 15729023 bytes, checksum: 58efe211075c14c50cf9c297aa235d4f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-19T17:30:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
PedroLeiteNeto.pdf: 15729023 bytes, checksum: 58efe211075c14c50cf9c297aa235d4f (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2017-06-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / The development of microgrids was driven by the need to supply consumers with
more stable and reliable electricity. The intermittent nature of renewable sources differs
from the requirements of consumers - especially in isolated areas - who expect an
uninterrupted and quality energy supply. Isolated microstrips may have available one
or more renewable sources to be explored, configuring hybrid systems. Although such
renewable sources are inexhaustible, energy conversion systems are capacity limited
and need to be explored efficiently. Hybrid systems typically include solar photovoltaic
and wind, already well studied. In this thesis are introduced the oceanic energies in
their gradient and tidal currents forms. This thesis contributes to the efficient exploration
of the oceanic sources, both as a single source as well as in a hybrid configuration.
In relation to the isolated operation, the storage system is of fundamental importance.
Considering the high costs of a battery bank over the total cost of the system, operating
strategies that preserve its useful life while maintaining uninterrupted power supply
are mandatory. Considering these aspects, in this work is proposed a dual energy storage
system composed of two subsystems with diversified functions and submitted
to different chage/discharge conditions. The purpose of this new strategy is a more
efficient use of the storage system, since this operating regime becomes closer to the
recommended by the battery manufacturers. The benefits of this strategy are reflected
in the overall cost reduction of the microgrid. In order to achieve optimum operating
strategies, a more accurate mathematical model of the batteries is used to reproduce
the behavior of the batteries in a more realistic way. In addition, it is investigated the
performance of operating strategies that allow maximum benefits to be obtained through
the diversification of the microgrid energy matrix, by including hydrokinetic
tidal sources. The motivation for including this source lies in its high potential, especially
on the northern coast of Brazil. These benefits should be evaluated mainly through
the more efficient use of the storage system as well as the reduction of the participation
of fossil fuel units in the operation of isolated microgrids. / O desenvolvimento das microrredes foi impulsionado pela necessidade de suprir os
consumidores com eletricidade de forma mais estável e confiável. A natureza intermitente
das fontes renováveis se contrapõe às exigências dos consumidores - especialmente
em áreas isoladas - que esperam por um fornecimento de energia sem interrupções
e com qualidade. As microrredes isoladas podem ter disponíveis uma ou
mais fontes renováveis para serem exploradas, configurando sistemas híbridos. Embora
tais fontes renováveis sejam inesgotáveis, os sistemas de conversão de energia
são limitados em capacidade e devem ser explorados com eficiência. Sistemas híbridos
normalmente incluem energia solar fotovoltaica e eólica, já bastante estudadas. Nesta
tese são introduzidas as energias oceânicas nas suas formas de gradiente e de correntes
de marés. Esta tese contribui para a exploração eficiente de fontes oceânicas, tanto
na operação como fonte única assim como em configuração híbrida. No que tange a
operação isolada, o sistema de armazenamento tem importância fundamental. Considerando
os elevados custos de um banco de baterias sobre o custo total do sistema,
estratégias de operação que preservem sua vida útil, ao mesmo tempo que mantenham
o fornecimento ininterrupto de energia, são mandatórias. Diante destes aspectos, neste
trabalho é proposto um sistema dual de armazenamento de energia composto de dois
subsistemas com funções diversificadas e submetidos a condições de carga/descarga
diferentes. O objetivo desta nova estratégia consiste no uso mais eficiente do sistema de
armazenamento, uma vez que esse regime de operação se torna mais próximo daquele
recomendado pelos fabricantes de baterias. Os benefícios desta estratégia são refletidos
na redução dos custos globais da microrrede. Para conseguir as estratégias de operação
ótima, neste trabalho é utilizado um modelo matemático mais acurado das baterias a
fim de reproduzir de forma mais realista o comportamento das baterias. Além disso, é
investigado o desempenho de estratégias de operação que permitam obter o máximo
de benefícios decorrentes da diversificação da matriz energética da microrrede, através
da inclusão de fontes hidrocinéticas maremotrizes. A motivação para a inclusão desta
fonte está no seu elevado potencial, em especial no litoral norte do Brasil. Estes benefícios
devem ser avaliados especialmente quanto ao uso mais eficiente do sistema de
armazenamento, assim como a redução da necessidade de participação de unidades
baseadas em combustível fóssil na operação de microrredes isoladas.
|
43 |
Consumo desagregado de energia: técnicas de monitoramento não intrusivo. / Disaggregated energy consumption: nonintrusive load monitoring techniques.Eduardo Kanashiro 19 November 2015 (has links)
As Ações de Eficiência Energética encontram grandes barreiras para sua implantação. Um dos motivos pode estar na falta de conhecimento do tomador de decisão que, para evitar o custo inicial mais elevado de um equipamento eficiente, opta por instalar um equipamento mais barato, mas que consequentemente consome mais energia e aumenta os dispêndios com a eletricidade. Os sistemas de gestão de energia visam demonstrar a origem das despesas relacionadas ao consumo de energia elétrica, conscientizando os usuários acerca de tais custos. Muitos usuários não enxergam a possibilidade de economia de energia e de dinheiro, ao investir em equipamentos mais eficientes. Muitos consideram as faturas de energia como despesas fixas, logo, sem exigência de acompanhamento. Fato não compatível com os dias atuais. Ao identificar o consumo desagregado de energia da instalação, os usuários poderão avaliar os impactos de suas atividades em relação ao consumo de energia, assim com seu custo nas faturas de energia. A medição direta dos equipamentos reproduz o valor mais preciso do consumo desagregado. Entretanto, para muitas instalações esta prática é inviável, pois seus circuitos são compartilhados por diversos tipos de equipamentos e os custos de aquisição, implantação e leitura dos medidores podem se tornar proibitivos. É possível obter o valor do consumo desagregado por inspeção da instalação, que consiste no levantamento das características elétricas dos equipamentos, suas respectivas potências e períodos de utilização. Esse método, no entanto não é tão preciso na análise do consumo desagregado, pois envolve uma série de estimativas acerca da utilização dos equipamentos, que nem sempre são acertadas. Visando contornar estas situações, as técnicas de monitoramento não intrusivo de carga passaram a buscar na curva de carga as assinaturas elétricas dos equipamentos, para identificar seus períodos de funcionamento e assim obter o consumo desagregado. / The energy efficiency programs face huge difficulties to be deployed. The reason may be the lack of knowledge about total costs in acquires less efficient devices, which is cheaper, though the increases in energy bills eliminate this initial economy. Thereby, the Energy Management Systems aims to demonstrate the relation between the user\"s behavior and the electric power consumption. Many managers consider the electric bill as a fixed cost, without require tracking its origin. This means waste of energy and money. Analyzing the facility by sectors may improve the understanding about the costs in electricity and the knowledge about the disaggregated energy consumption, though is not always an easy issue to be obtained. Monitoring each equipment provides the exactly amount of energy is used in that system. However the costs of acquirement, implementation and monitoring these meters may become prohibitively. This way, the researches about nonintrusive load monitoring aim to demonstrate where the energy is being used and how it can be minimized.
|
44 |
Sustainable DSM on deep mine refrigeration systems : a novel approach / J. van der BijlVan der Bijl, Johannes January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D. (Mechanical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.
|
45 |
Electric vehicle-intelligent energy management system for frequency regulation application using a distributed, prosumer-based grid control architectureSandoval, Marcelo 12 April 2013 (has links)
The world faces the unprecedented challenge of the need change to a new energy era. The introduction of distributed renewable energy and storage together with transportation electrification and deployment of electric and hybrid vehicles, allows traditional consumers to not only consume, but also to produce, or store energy.
The active participation of these so called "prosumers", and their interactions may have a significant impact on the operations of the emerging smart grid. However, how these capabilities should be integrated with the overall system operation is unclear.
Intelligent energy management systems give users the insight they need to make informed decisions about energy consumption. Properly implemented, intelligent energy management systems can help cut energy use, spending, and emissions.
This thesis aims to develop a consumer point of view, user-friendly, intelligent energy management system that enables vehicle drivers to plan their trips, manage their battery pack and under specific circumstances, inject electricity from their plug-in vehicles to power the grid, contributing to frequency regulation.
|
46 |
Bid-Based Power Dispatch and GenCo¡¦s Bidding Strategy in a Deregulated EnvironmentChen, Shi-Jaw 10 June 2001 (has links)
With the deregulation of power industry and the market competition, reliable power supply and secured system operation are major concerns of the independent system operator (ISO) or decision-maker (DM). Power dispatch under deregulated environment is complicated with various possibilities of decisions involved. Without the assistance of Energy Management System (EMS), it is not easy for ISO or DM to operate with pure experiences. To enhance the operational efficiency, EMS involves the state-of-the-art control technology, and the fast and effective computer assisted decision support system will help dispatch the power. A conventional EMS has a few major tasks, among them, the ¡§network analysis¡¨ task and the ¡§forecast and scheduling¡¨ task are the most important in assisting the on-line power dispatch. In dealing with the new deregulated environment, an ¡§operational planning¡¨ has to be added to aid the EMS for more security. There are significant changes on EMS after deregulation. This dissertation will focus on the changes and new functions, in the ¡§network analysis¡¨ and the ¡§forecast and scheduling¡¨ tasks of an EMS, which supports the operation in the competitive environment. In the ¡§network analysis¡¨ task, we discuss the real and reactive power dispatch and congestion management with AC optimal power flow (OPF). In this task, the formulation of AC OPF with deregulation issues and the effect of flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) devices are presented. A predictor-corrector interior-point nonlinear-programming (PCIPNLP) algorithm has been developed to solve the problem. The model involves only slight modification to the present OPF for social welfare maximization to obtain the optimized bid-based dispatch and nodal spot prices. The incorporation of FACTS devices for system operations can ease the difficulties caused by transmission congestion. It is found that PCIPNLP technique is very effective for the modified OPF solution for congestion relief under deregulation. In the ¡§forecast and scheduling¡¨ task, we discuss the resource scheduling for bid-based dynamic economic dispatch and spot dispatch for power and reserve. They can be formulated for social welfare maximizing problem that is solved by using an efficient interior point method. And the optimal resource allocation and nodal spot price can be given from the various test results. We have also proposed a fuzzy based strategic gaming method to determine the GenCo¡¦s bidding strategy. Based on fuzzy set theory, a multi-criteria decision-making method is used to obtain the optimal strategy combination, bids and expected payoffs. Decision maker can find the optimal strategy combination by using weight vector to represent his subjective attitude about the structure of multi-objectives. The advantages have also been demonstrated through the numerical examples. Compared with the classical (¡§nonfuzzy¡¨) game theory, the proposed approach could help the decision maker to obtain higher expected payoffs, and make his choices easily. Possible applications of the proposed fuzzy method can be suggested for other decision-making problems in the power systems
|
47 |
Beitrag zur Energieeinsatzoptimierung mit evolutionären Algorithmen in lokalen Energiesystemen mit kombinierter Nutzung von Wärme- und ElektroenergieHable, Matthias 06 March 2005 (has links) (PDF)
Decentralised power systems with a high portion of power generated from renewable energy sources and cogeneration units (CHP) are emerging worldwide. Optimising the energy usage of such systems is a difficult task as the stochastic fluctuations of generation from renewable sources, the coupling of electrical and thermal power generation by CHP and the time dependence of necessary storage devices require new approaches. Evolutionary algorithms are able to solve the optimisation task of the energy management. They use the principles of erroneous replication and cumulative selection that can be observed in biological processes, too. Very often recombination is included in the optimisation process. Using these quite simple principles the algorithm is able to explore difficult, large and high dimensional solution spaces. It will converge to the optimal solution in most of the cases quite fast, compared to other types of optimisation algorithms. At the example of an one dimensional replicator it is derived that the convergence speed in optimising convex functions increases by several orders of magnitude even after a few cycles compared to Monte-Carlo-simulation. For several types of equipment models are developed in this work. The cost to operate a given power system for a given time span is chosen as objective function. There is a variety of parameters (more than 15) that can be set in the algorithm. With quite extensive investigations it could be shown that the product of number of replicators and the number of calculated cycles has the most important influence on the quality of the solution but the calculation time is also proportional to this number. If there are reasonable values chosen for the remaining parameters the algorithm will find appropriate solutions in adequate time in most of the cases. Although a pure evolutionary algorithm will converge to a solution the convergence speed can be greatly enhanced by extending it to a hybrid algorithm. Grouping the replicators of the first cycle in suggestive regions of the solution space by an intelligent initialisation algorithm and repairing bad solutions by introducing a Lamarckian repair algorithm makes the optimisation converge fast to good optima. The algorithm was tested using data of several existing energy systems of different structure. To optimise the energy usage in a power system with 15 different types of units the required computation time is in the range of 15 minutes. The results of this work show that extended hybrid evolutionary algorithms are suitable for integrated optimisation of energy usage in combined local energy systems. They reach better results with the same or less effort than many other optimisation methods. The developed method of optimisation of energy usage can be applied in energy systems of small and large size and complexity as optimisation computations of energy systems on the island of Cape Clear, at FH Offenburg and in the Allgäu demonstrate.
|
48 |
Development of a dynamic centrifugal compressor selector for large compressed air networks in the mining industry / Johan Venter.Venter, Johan January 2012 (has links)
Various commercial software packages are available for simulating compressed air
network operations. However, none of these software packages are able to
dynamically prioritise compressor selection on large compressed air networks in the
mining industry.
In this dissertation, a dynamic compressor selector (DCS) will be developed that will
actively and continuously monitor system demand. The software will ensure that the
most suitable compressors, based on efficiency and position in the compressed air
network, are always in operation. The study will be conducted at a platinum mine.
Compressed air flow and pressure requirements will be maintained without
compromising mine safety procedures. Significant energy savings will be realised.
DCS will receive shaft pressure profiles from each of the shafts’ surface compressed
air control valves. These parameters will be used to calculate and predict the
compressed air demand. All pipe friction losses and leaks will be taken into account
to determine the end-point pressure losses at different flow rates. DCS will then
prioritise the compressors of the compressed air network based on the overall
system requirement.
This software combines the benefits of supply-side and demand-side management.
Potential energy savings with DCS were proven and compressor cycling reduced. A
DCS user-friendly interface was created to easily set up any mine’s compressed air
network. / Thesis (MIng (Mechanical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013
|
49 |
Development of a dynamic centrifugal compressor selector for large compressed air networks in the mining industry / Johan Venter.Venter, Johan January 2012 (has links)
Various commercial software packages are available for simulating compressed air
network operations. However, none of these software packages are able to
dynamically prioritise compressor selection on large compressed air networks in the
mining industry.
In this dissertation, a dynamic compressor selector (DCS) will be developed that will
actively and continuously monitor system demand. The software will ensure that the
most suitable compressors, based on efficiency and position in the compressed air
network, are always in operation. The study will be conducted at a platinum mine.
Compressed air flow and pressure requirements will be maintained without
compromising mine safety procedures. Significant energy savings will be realised.
DCS will receive shaft pressure profiles from each of the shafts’ surface compressed
air control valves. These parameters will be used to calculate and predict the
compressed air demand. All pipe friction losses and leaks will be taken into account
to determine the end-point pressure losses at different flow rates. DCS will then
prioritise the compressors of the compressed air network based on the overall
system requirement.
This software combines the benefits of supply-side and demand-side management.
Potential energy savings with DCS were proven and compressor cycling reduced. A
DCS user-friendly interface was created to easily set up any mine’s compressed air
network. / Thesis (MIng (Mechanical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013
|
50 |
Sustainable DSM on deep mine refrigeration systems : a novel approach / J. van der BijlVan der Bijl, Johannes January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D. (Mechanical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.
|
Page generated in 0.1089 seconds