<p>The aim of this essay is to investigate what English teachers’ attitudes are towards British English, American English and Mid-Atlantic English. What variety of English do teachers use in Swedish upper secondary schools today and what are their reasons for using that variety? Do upper secondary school teachers think it is important to expose students to several varieties of English and do they teach differences (e.g. vocabulary and spelling) between varieties? The material is based on a questionnaire, which 20 participating teachers from five different upper secondary schools in Gävleborg answered. The study showed that there is an even distribution between the varieties used and taught. British English was preferred by teachers working the longest time while both AmE and MAE seemed to be growing in popularity among the younger teachers. Of the 20 teachers, 18 considered teaching differences to students since it gives them a chance to communicate effectively with people from other English speaking countries.</p>

The purpose of this study is to outline students’ attitudes towards ICT in the learning of English. The research was carried out as action research at a vocational high school in Sweden. The study aims at giving answers to the questions what the students’ attitudes towards ICT are, to what extent they think that ICT affects their learning and if ICT use changes their attitudes towards English. The students had little or no previous experience of ICT. For a period of two months, they used ICT in their English studies. This work was organized according to Svensson’s (2008) definitions ICT as a tutor, ICT as a tool and ICT as an arena, which are connected to behavioristic, cognitive/constructive and social constructivist/socio-cultural learning perspectives, respectively. For example, the students read and listened to texts online, wrote their own dialogues for a movie and maintained their own blogs. After each module, they evaluated the method and at the end of the project they were interviewed. The study shows that most of the students were positive towards ICT in learning English. They were most positive towards ICT as a tutor, which was interesting given that behavioristic ways of learning are often criticized by today’s scholars. Furthermore, the students claimed that ICT gives them new opportunities to learn. Not surprisingly, to learn in a way that suits the individual learner was seen as positive. They stated that it was difficult to comment on the impact that ICT might have had on their performance after such a limited period of time, but they indicated that they thought that they had improved at least a little. During the interviews, a few students claimed to have changed their attitudes towards English a little, in a positive way, but it was difficult to confirm this after such short time.

<p>The purpose of this study is to outline students’ attitudes towards ICT in the learning of English. The research was carried out as action research at a vocational high school in Sweden. The study aims at giving answers to the questions what the students’ attitudes towards ICT are, to what extent they think that ICT affects their learning and if ICT use changes their attitudes towards English. The students had little or no previous experience of ICT. For a period of two months, they used ICT in their English studies. This work was organized according to Svensson’s (2008) definitions <em>ICT as a tutor</em>,<em> ICT as a tool </em>and<em> ICT as an arena</em>, which are connected to behavioristic, cognitive/constructive and social constructivist/socio-cultural learning perspectives, respectively. For example, the students read and listened to texts online, wrote their own dialogues for a movie and maintained their own blogs. After each module, they evaluated the method and at the end of the project they were interviewed. The study shows that most of the students were positive towards ICT in learning English. They were most positive towards ICT as a tutor, which was interesting given that behavioristic ways of learning are often criticized by today’s scholars. Furthermore, the students claimed that ICT gives them new opportunities to learn. Not surprisingly, to learn in a way that suits the individual learner was seen as positive. They stated that it was difficult to comment on the impact that ICT might have had on their performance after such a limited period of time, but they indicated that they thought that they had improved at least a little. During the interviews, a few students claimed to have changed their attitudes towards English a little, in a positive way, but it was difficult to confirm this after such short time.</p>

The aim of this study was to investigate the role that humanistic techniques play in reducing feelings of language anxiety associated with oral communication in the TESOL classroom. Students in the experimental group attended classes which incorporated humanistic techniques such as journal writing and group work and where the affective needs of the students were taken into account. Students in the control group were provided with the normal course content along more traditional lines and their affective needs were not taken into account. Language anxiety was measured by means of questionnaires, journals and interviews. The results revealed that general feelings of anxiety about oral communication decreased in the experimental group. The experimental group achieved higher scores in the final written examination although there was no significant difference in the oral examination results between the two groups. The drop-out rate in the experimental group was lower than that of the control group. / English Studies / M.A.

In recent years, the information and communication technologies (ICT) have made important contributions to the teaching/learning process. New thoughts and means of interaction are commonly involved student/pupil, pupil/teacher. Today, it has been realized, with access to the Internet, the blog comes being used in schools as an educational orientation, mainly with purpose for greater integration between students and teachers. When it comes to schools, I observed individual authorship, blogs or even collective authorship, as built, for example, for teachers and students. This inevitable connectivity, we will look at how this interface has interfered in the process of teaching/learning in a public school of the city of Maceió/AL. The survey reflects on the relationship between the technology and the training of teacher, combining their practices to the theories studied. The text is divided into two chapters. In the first, we can observe some theoretical aspects ranging from setting up a blog for the realization of research, bypassing productions that had used the blog as an object of study and the methodology used in the research. In the second chapter, we present data collected and the various interpretations concerning the use of the interface in the teaching/learning of the English language, with regard to the study and understanding of the lexicon on the part of students. We also present interviews well in the target language, now in mother tongue and our interpretations and understandings about learning of students using the blog as an interface. The sample is a teacher of the English language and with the 22 students that make up the class. In this perspective, we will evaluate the use of blogs has contributed effectively in the educational process, taking into consideration the wealth of material found in this virtual environment, mainly by the expansion of traditional notions of reading and writing in contemporary social practices. / Nos últimos anos, as Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) têm dado importantes contribuições ao processo de ensino/aprendizagem. Novos pensamentos e meios de interação têm comumente envolvido aluno/aluno, aluno/professor. Hoje, tem-se percebido que, com o acesso à Internet, o blog vem sendo utilizado nas escolas como mais uma orientação pedagógica, principalmente com fins para uma maior integração entre alunos e professores. No que tange às escolas, já se observam blogs de autoria individual, ou mesmo de autoria coletiva, como os construídos, por exemplo, por professores e alunos. Nessa inevitável conectividade, analisaremos como essa interface tem interferido no processo de ensino/aprendizagem em uma escola pública da cidade de Maceió/AL. A pesquisa busca refletir acerca da relação entre a tecnologia e a formação crítica do professor, aliando suas práticas às teorias estudadas. O texto está dividido em dois capítulos. No primeiro, podemos observar alguns aspectos teóricos que vão desde a criação de um blog para a realização da pesquisa, perpassando por produções que já haviam utilizado o blog como objeto de estudo e chegaremos à metodologia utilizada na pesquisa. Já no segundo capítulo, apresentamos dados coletados e as várias interpretações em relação ao uso da interface no ensino/aprendizagem de língua inglesa, no tocante ao estudo e à compreensão do léxico por parte dos alunos. Apresentamos também entrevistas realizadas ora na língua alvo, ora na língua materna e nossas interpretações e entendimentos sobre a aprendizagem dos alunos usando o blog como interface. A amostra dá-se com um professor da disciplina de língua inglesa e com os 22 alunos que compõem a turma. Nessa perspectiva, avaliaremos se o uso dos blogs tem contribuído de maneira efetiva no processo educativo, levando em consideração a riqueza de material encontrado nesse ambiente virtual, principalmente pela ampliação de noções tradicionais de leitura e escrita dentro das práticas sociais contemporâneas.

O Programa Idiomas sem Fronteiras (IsF) promove ações para o ensino e a aprendizagem de idiomas com intuito de fortalecer a internacionalização das universidades e a formação de professores de línguas, pois são os alunos de graduação em Letras Inglês que ministram as aulas. Os Núcleos de Línguas (NucLi) organizam encontros pedagógicos-administrativos semanais, ou seja, momentos formais, ou institucionalizados, para discutir questões burocráticas sobre o Programa, que, acima de tudo, permitam aos professores aprender, indagar e refletir sobre a própria formação. Situada nesse contexto, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo descrever e analisar os momentos de formação docente para o ensino de Inglês para Fins Acadêmicos (IFA) vivenciados pelos professores-bolsistas no contexto de um NucLi do IsF em uma universidade pública brasileira. A fundamentação teórica deste trabalho está relacionada à formação docente orgânica, aquela que acontece dentro da profissão, de forma reflexiva e transformadora, conjugando conhecimentos teóricos e práticos ao contexto em que o professor está inserido (SCHÖN, 1995; PÉREZ GÓMEZ, 1995; VILLEGAS-REIMERS, 2003; NÓVOA, 2007; COSTA, 2013), e a IFA, cujo enfoque está no ensino e na aprendizagem da língua inglesa com vistas à participação e circulação de conhecimentos em contextos universitários (FLOWERDEW; PEACOCK, 2001; HYLAND; HAMP-LYONS, 2002; BRUCE, 2011). A questão norteadora do trabalho foi entender se os momentos formais, ou institucionalizados, de formação do NucLi – IsF preparam os professores-bolsistas para ensinar IFA. A pesquisa foi realizada ao longo de oito meses de trabalho de campo, envolvendo geração de dados etnográficos em um NucLi por meio de observação participante, gravações em áudio, registros fotográficos, entrevistas semiestruturadas e coleta de documentos. Por meio da análise dos dados, concluímos que os momentos de formação oportunizaram aos professores-bolsistas aprender e praticar IFA e refletir sobre o seu ensino através de três iniciativas do NucLi: aulas de preparação para o TOEFL ITP, em que os participantes mobilizaram seus conhecimentos linguísticos para realizar o teste e ampliaram o seu repertório de dinâmicas de sala de aula; reuniões pedagógico-administrativas, nas quais compartilharam materiais e indagaram sobre a formação desenvolvida no seu NucLi, propondo novas ações a serem implementadas; e aulas de leitura e escrita acadêmica, ministradas por uma das professoras-bolsistas aos seus colegas, em que puderam discutir habilidades e gêneros que circulam na esfera acadêmica, analisá-los e refletir sobre o uso que fariam em sala de aula, fornecendo subsídios a esses professores-bolsistas para lidar com o ensino de IFA. Ademais, os participantes expressam haver diferença entre ensinar IFA e inglês geral no planejamento e na condução das aulas, assim como na própria formação, pois também precisam ter conhecimento das práticas acadêmicas além do conhecimento linguístico para ministrar esse tipo de curso. Com base neste estudo, busca-se contribuir para um entendimento mais profundo acerca da formação de professores de IFA e da necessidade de integrar práticas de ensino com práticas acadêmicas. / The Languages without Borders (LwB) Program promotes actions for the teaching and learning of languages in order to strengthen the internationalization of universities and the development of language teachers, since the very undergraduate students are responsible for teaching the classes. The Language Centers (LC) organize weekly pedagogical-administrative meetings, i.e., formal, or institutionalized, moments to discuss bureaucratic issues about the Program, and, above all, to promote learning, questioning and reflection on their own teacher education itself. In this context, this study aims to describe and analyze the teacher education program for teaching English for Academic Purposes (EAP) experienced by the student teachers in the context of a LC of the LwB Program in a Brazilian public university. The theoretical framework is related to an organic teacher education process, one that occurs within the profession, in a reflective and transforming manner, combining theoretical and practical knowledge to the context in which the teacher is inserted (SCHÖN, 1995; PÉREZ GÓMEZ, 1995; VILLEGAS-REIMERS, 2003; NÓVOA, 2007; COSTA, 2013), and to EAP, the focus of which is on the English language teaching and learning aiming at the participation and circulation of knowledge in university contexts (FLOWERDEW; PEACOCK, 2001; HYLAND; HAMP-LYONS, 2002; BRUCE, 2011). The guiding question was to understand if the formal, or institutionalized, teacher education program at the LC prepares the student teachers to teach EAP. The research was conducted during eight months of fieldwork and involved ethnographic data generation in a LC through participant observation, audio recordings, photographic records, semi-structured interviews, and document collection. The teacher education program gave teachers the opportunity to learn and practice EAP and to reflect on their teaching through three initiatives of the LC: TOEFL ITP preparation classes, in which participants mobilized their language skills to carry out the test and broaden their repertoire of classroom dynamics; pedagogical-administrative meetings, where they shared classroom materials and inquired about the teacher education developed in their LC, proposing new actions to be implemented; and academic reading and writing classes taught by one of student teachers to their colleagues, in which they could discuss skills and genres that circulate in the academic sphere, analyze them and reflect on their use in the classroom, providing subsidies to these student teachers to deal with the teaching of EAP in that context. In addition, participants’ expressed that there are differences between teaching EAP and general English regarding lesson planning and their own classroom practices, as well as their teacher development itself, because they also need to have knowledge of academic practices besides the linguistic knowledge to teach this type of course. Based on this study, we hope to contribute to a deeper understanding of EAP teacher education and to the need to integrate teaching practices with academic practices.

Submitted by VIVIANE APARECIDA SOTANA null (vivisotana@bol.com.br) on 2017-05-25T06:15:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO FINAL- VIVIANE AP. SOTANA PANSANI.pdf: 2644689 bytes, checksum: 15f8965dae56314e77b1680bdbc1ffff (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-05-30T16:15:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 pansani_vas_me_bauru.pdf: 2644689 bytes, checksum: 15f8965dae56314e77b1680bdbc1ffff (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-30T16:15:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pansani_vas_me_bauru.pdf: 2644689 bytes, checksum: 15f8965dae56314e77b1680bdbc1ffff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-24 / Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida tendo como foco o gênero textual notícia como meio articulador entre as práticas sociais e as práticas de linguagem na sala de aula. Apoiando-se nos referenciais teórico-metodológicos do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo (ISD) (BRONCKART, 2012), da Didática do grupo de Genebra (SCHNEUWLY; DOLZ, 2004), no que diz respeito à transposição e modelização didática de gêneros e em estudos de autores brasileiros que publicam nessa linha (GONÇALVES, 2011; BARROS, 2012), a presente pesquisa apresenta a análise e os resultados de aprendizagem decorrentes do desenvolvimento de uma Sequência Didática (SD) elaborada em torno do gênero notícia e utilizada para ampliar os domínios das capacidades da linguagem escrita, com uma turma do 5º ano do ensino fundamental, de uma escola municipal do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Com base na concepção de que os alunos utilizam três capacidades de linguagem (de ação, discursiva e linguístico-discursiva) no processo da produção textual (SCHNEUWLY; DOLZ, 2004), a SD foi elaborada a fim de contemplar essas capacidades e levar os alunos a sua mobilização e, com isso, dominar o gênero ensinado. Para a transposição didática do referido gênero, foi elaborado um modelo didático que, por sua vez, possibilitou a elaboração da SD desenvolvida no ano escolar citado. A metodologia utilizada resultou em um conjunto de 11 oficinas e 23 atividades didáticas de linguagem, que contemplaram as quatro etapas da SD. Na primeira etapa foram desenvolvidas 3 oficinas e 10 atividades; na segunda, foi realizada 1 oficina e 1 atividade; na terceira, foram desenvolvidas 3 oficinas e 8 atividades e, finalmente, na quarta etapa, foram realizadas 4 oficinas e 4 atividades. Os resultados são ancorados na análise das produções iniciais e finais do gênero notícia, a partir das capacidades de linguagem distinguidas pelos referenciais que embasam esta pesquisa: capacidade de ação, capacidade discursiva e capacidade linguístico-discursiva; com enfoque avaliativo-comparativo para verificar se houve ampliação das capacidades de linguagem. Como produto da pesquisa, um caderno didático denominado “Gênero Notícia: proposta de ensino de produção textual para os anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental”, foi construído, e será disponibilizado aos professores dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental como uma ferramenta pedagógica para contribuir no planejamento de suas ações didáticas realizadas no ensino, de modo sistematizado. / This research was undertaken with the gender focus textual news as a means articulator between social practices and language practices in the classroom. Relying on theoretical and methodological frameworks of Interacionism Sociodiscursivo (ISD) (BRONCKART, 2012), Didactic of the Geneva group (SCHNEUWLY;. DOLZ, 2004), with regard to the transposition and didactic modeling of genres and studies of Brazilian authors who publish this line (GONÇALVES, 2011; BARROS, 2012), this research presents the analysis and the learning outcomes of the development of a Didactic Sequence (SD) developed around the news genre and used to expand areas of skills of written language, with a class of 5th grade of elementary school, a public school in the state of São Paulo. Based on the concept that students use three language skills (action, discursive and linguistic-discursive) in the text written production process (SCHNEUWLY; DOLZ, 2004), the SD was developed in order to include these capabilities and take students their mobilization and thereby dominate the genre taught. For the didactic transposition of that genre, it designed a teaching model that, in turn, enabled the development of the SD developed in the school year cited. The methodology used resulted in a set of 11 workshops and 23 educational activities language, which contemplated the four stages of SD. In the first stage have been developed 3 workshops and 10 activities; the second was held one workshop and one activity; the third were developed workshops 3 and 8 activities and finally, the fourth stage, there were 4 workshops and 4 activities. The results are anchored in the analysis of initial production and final news genre, from the language capabilities distinguished by references that support this research: action capability, discursive capacity and linguistic-discursive capacity; Evaluative-comparative approach to see if there was an increase of language skills. As the research product, a didactic book called "Gender News: proposal for textual production for the early years of elementary school" was built, and will be available to teachers in the early years of elementary school as an educational tool to help in planning their didactic actions taken in education, systematic way.

O Programa Idiomas sem Fronteiras (IsF) promove ações para o ensino e a aprendizagem de idiomas com intuito de fortalecer a internacionalização das universidades e a formação de professores de línguas, pois são os alunos de graduação em Letras Inglês que ministram as aulas. Os Núcleos de Línguas (NucLi) organizam encontros pedagógicos-administrativos semanais, ou seja, momentos formais, ou institucionalizados, para discutir questões burocráticas sobre o Programa, que, acima de tudo, permitam aos professores aprender, indagar e refletir sobre a própria formação. Situada nesse contexto, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo descrever e analisar os momentos de formação docente para o ensino de Inglês para Fins Acadêmicos (IFA) vivenciados pelos professores-bolsistas no contexto de um NucLi do IsF em uma universidade pública brasileira. A fundamentação teórica deste trabalho está relacionada à formação docente orgânica, aquela que acontece dentro da profissão, de forma reflexiva e transformadora, conjugando conhecimentos teóricos e práticos ao contexto em que o professor está inserido (SCHÖN, 1995; PÉREZ GÓMEZ, 1995; VILLEGAS-REIMERS, 2003; NÓVOA, 2007; COSTA, 2013), e a IFA, cujo enfoque está no ensino e na aprendizagem da língua inglesa com vistas à participação e circulação de conhecimentos em contextos universitários (FLOWERDEW; PEACOCK, 2001; HYLAND; HAMP-LYONS, 2002; BRUCE, 2011). A questão norteadora do trabalho foi entender se os momentos formais, ou institucionalizados, de formação do NucLi – IsF preparam os professores-bolsistas para ensinar IFA. A pesquisa foi realizada ao longo de oito meses de trabalho de campo, envolvendo geração de dados etnográficos em um NucLi por meio de observação participante, gravações em áudio, registros fotográficos, entrevistas semiestruturadas e coleta de documentos. Por meio da análise dos dados, concluímos que os momentos de formação oportunizaram aos professores-bolsistas aprender e praticar IFA e refletir sobre o seu ensino através de três iniciativas do NucLi: aulas de preparação para o TOEFL ITP, em que os participantes mobilizaram seus conhecimentos linguísticos para realizar o teste e ampliaram o seu repertório de dinâmicas de sala de aula; reuniões pedagógico-administrativas, nas quais compartilharam materiais e indagaram sobre a formação desenvolvida no seu NucLi, propondo novas ações a serem implementadas; e aulas de leitura e escrita acadêmica, ministradas por uma das professoras-bolsistas aos seus colegas, em que puderam discutir habilidades e gêneros que circulam na esfera acadêmica, analisá-los e refletir sobre o uso que fariam em sala de aula, fornecendo subsídios a esses professores-bolsistas para lidar com o ensino de IFA. Ademais, os participantes expressam haver diferença entre ensinar IFA e inglês geral no planejamento e na condução das aulas, assim como na própria formação, pois também precisam ter conhecimento das práticas acadêmicas além do conhecimento linguístico para ministrar esse tipo de curso. Com base neste estudo, busca-se contribuir para um entendimento mais profundo acerca da formação de professores de IFA e da necessidade de integrar práticas de ensino com práticas acadêmicas. / The Languages without Borders (LwB) Program promotes actions for the teaching and learning of languages in order to strengthen the internationalization of universities and the development of language teachers, since the very undergraduate students are responsible for teaching the classes. The Language Centers (LC) organize weekly pedagogical-administrative meetings, i.e., formal, or institutionalized, moments to discuss bureaucratic issues about the Program, and, above all, to promote learning, questioning and reflection on their own teacher education itself. In this context, this study aims to describe and analyze the teacher education program for teaching English for Academic Purposes (EAP) experienced by the student teachers in the context of a LC of the LwB Program in a Brazilian public university. The theoretical framework is related to an organic teacher education process, one that occurs within the profession, in a reflective and transforming manner, combining theoretical and practical knowledge to the context in which the teacher is inserted (SCHÖN, 1995; PÉREZ GÓMEZ, 1995; VILLEGAS-REIMERS, 2003; NÓVOA, 2007; COSTA, 2013), and to EAP, the focus of which is on the English language teaching and learning aiming at the participation and circulation of knowledge in university contexts (FLOWERDEW; PEACOCK, 2001; HYLAND; HAMP-LYONS, 2002; BRUCE, 2011). The guiding question was to understand if the formal, or institutionalized, teacher education program at the LC prepares the student teachers to teach EAP. The research was conducted during eight months of fieldwork and involved ethnographic data generation in a LC through participant observation, audio recordings, photographic records, semi-structured interviews, and document collection. The teacher education program gave teachers the opportunity to learn and practice EAP and to reflect on their teaching through three initiatives of the LC: TOEFL ITP preparation classes, in which participants mobilized their language skills to carry out the test and broaden their repertoire of classroom dynamics; pedagogical-administrative meetings, where they shared classroom materials and inquired about the teacher education developed in their LC, proposing new actions to be implemented; and academic reading and writing classes taught by one of student teachers to their colleagues, in which they could discuss skills and genres that circulate in the academic sphere, analyze them and reflect on their use in the classroom, providing subsidies to these student teachers to deal with the teaching of EAP in that context. In addition, participants’ expressed that there are differences between teaching EAP and general English regarding lesson planning and their own classroom practices, as well as their teacher development itself, because they also need to have knowledge of academic practices besides the linguistic knowledge to teach this type of course. Based on this study, we hope to contribute to a deeper understanding of EAP teacher education and to the need to integrate teaching practices with academic practices.

The direct method for English teaching as a foreign language, as well as for other foreign languages, was introduced in Brazil through the reform carried out by minister Francisco Campos, in 1931, so that, from that date on, all students should learn by this methodology. However, it is important to note that the directions contained in legislation does not necessarily mean the law will be executed, since many actors are involved in this process, such as published textbooks, the methodological foundations that guided their authorship, the methodology used by the teacher, and the guidance of the school principals, who manage the academic norms of each institution. Given the above, this study aims to investigate the relationship between the introduction of the direct method, by the Francisco Campos reform, and the production of English language teaching textbooks in Brazil from 1931 to 1961, as well as analyzing three textbooks according to the concepts that rule the direct method and certify whether its fundaments were accomplished or not. Thus, this research consisted of three stages, namely: the first, a literature review on the theoretical basis of the direct method and the influences of modern authors; the second, the research on the Brazilian educational legislation of the set period; culminating in the third moment, when a list of the English language textbooks published within the time frame of this work was made. These books can be found both in the National Library, as well as in Pedro II School, an important institution for the history of education in Brazil. Three of these materials were selected to be analyzed and have their contents contrasted with the principles of the direct method. / O método direto para o ensino de inglês, e das demais línguas vivas estrangeiras, foi instituído no Brasil através da reforma do ministro Francisco Campos em 1931, de forma que, a partir dessa data, todos os alunos deveriam aprender por meio desse método. É importante destacar, no entanto, que os preceitos contidos em uma legislação não significam, necessariamente, a efetivação da lei, uma vez que vários atores estão envolvidos nesse processo, tais como os livros didáticos publicados, os fundamentos metodológicos que nortearam a sua autoria, a metodologia utilizada pelo professor e as orientações dos diretores das escolas que administram a normatização acadêmica de cada instituição. Diante do exposto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a relação entre a instauração do método direto, através da reforma Francisco Campos, e a produção de livros didáticos em língua inglesa no Brasil de 1931 a 1961, bem como analisar três livros didáticos em função dos conceitos que regem o método direto e atestar ou não as suas conformidades. Para tanto, a pesquisa constou de três momentos, a saber: o primeiro, uma revisão de literatura acerca das bases teóricas do método direto e as influências de pensadores modernos; o segundo, caracterizado pelo levantamento da legislação educacional brasileira da época; culminando em um terceiro momento, em que foi feita a listagem de livros didáticos de língua inglesa publicados dentro do recorte temporal deste trabalho e que se encontram tanto na Biblioteca Nacional, como no Colégio Pedro II, instituição de ensino de grande importância para a história da educação do país. Três desses materiais foram selecionados para ser analisados e ter seus conteúdos contrastados com os preceitos do método direto. / São Cristóvão, SE

The aim of this essay is to investigate what English teachers’ attitudes are towards British English, American English and Mid-Atlantic English. What variety of English do teachers use in Swedish upper secondary schools today and what are their reasons for using that variety? Do upper secondary school teachers think it is important to expose students to several varieties of English and do they teach differences (e.g. vocabulary and spelling) between varieties? The material is based on a questionnaire, which 20 participating teachers from five different upper secondary schools in Gävleborg answered. The study showed that there is an even distribution between the varieties used and taught. British English was preferred by teachers working the longest time while both AmE and MAE seemed to be growing in popularity among the younger teachers. Of the 20 teachers, 18 considered teaching differences to students since it gives them a chance to communicate effectively with people from other English speaking countries.