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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Impact du microbiote intestinal sur l’efficacité anti-tumorale de la chimiothérapie par cyclophosphamide / Impact of the gut microbiota on the anti-tumoral efficacy of chemotherapy by cyclophosphamide

Daillere, Romain 20 November 2015 (has links)
Plus de 50 ans après son approbation par les agences réglementaires, le cyclophosphamide (CTX) reste une drogue aux propriétés variées et aux effets pléiotropiques couramment utilisée en clinique. Cet agent cytotoxique, administré en cancérologie, possède des propriétés immuno-modulatrices et stimule les réponses immunitaires anti-tumorales. A doses métronomiques, le CTX induit notamment une polarisation des splénocytes CD4+ vers un profil Th1 et Th17, caractérisés par la sécrétion d’IFNet d’IL-17, nécessaire à l’activité tumoricide du CTX. Comme tout agent cytotoxique, le CTX cible les cellules en prolifération, qu’elles soient normales ou cancéreuses. Le CTX compromet ainsi l’intégrité de la barrière intestinale et l’homéostasie du tractus digestif. Nous avons démontré que l’individu sous CTX a une fragilisation de la barrière intestinale qui permet la rupture de la tolérance de celui-ci à sa flore commensale et son immunisation contre certaines espèces bactériennes. L’immunisation anti-bactérienne est composée de lymphocytes effecteurs CD4+, appelés « Th17 pathogéniques » et producteurs d’IL-17 et d’IFN, qui aident les lymphocytes anti-tumoraux à endiguer la croissance de tumeurs chez la souris. Nous avons mis en évidence que la stérilisation des animaux avec des antibiotiques à large spectre ou ciblant certaines populations bactériennes comme la vancomycine (ciblant les Gram+) et la colistine (ciblant les Gram-), abrogent l’efficacité anti-tumorale du CTX. Par ailleurs, nous avons identifié deux bactéries, une bactérie Gram+ Enterococcus hirae, capable de restaurer l’efficacité de cette chimiothérapie en induisant la polarisation de réponses Th1 et pTh17 stimulant la mise en place de réponses lymphocytaires T CD4 et T CD8 dirigées contre des antigènes tumoraux et une bactérie Gram- Barnesiella intestinihominis, impliquée dans la mise en place de réponses mémoires induites par la combinaison CTX+vaccin. Ces travaux démontrent ainsi l’importance de la flore intestinale dans la réponse à la chimiothérapie par CTX. / More than 50 years after its approval by the Food and Drug Administration, cyclophosphamide (CTX) remains a drug with miscellaneous properties currently used in anti-cancer chemotherapy. This cytotoxic agent has immuno-modulatory properties and stimulate anti-tumoral immune responses. At metronomic doses, CTX induces the polarisation of splenocytes toward a Th1 and Th17 profile, characterized by the secretion of IFN et IL-17, both mandatory for the tumoricidal activity of this drug. CTX, as cytotoxic agent, targets proliferating cells, either normal or tumoral. Indeed, CTX is responsible for disrupting the gut barrier integrity as well as intestinal homeostasis. We have shown that people treated with CTX have a weaker intestinal barrier which breaks the tolerance toward the intestinal microbiota and leads to its immunization against some bacterial strains. This immunization is composed of CD4+ effector lymphocytes called « pathogenic Th17 » producing IFN and IL-17, which helps tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes to control the tumor growth in mice. Broad spectrum antibiotics as well as vancomycin (which mainly kills Gram positive bacteria) and colistin (which mainly eliminates Gram negative bacteria) all compromised the full-blown anticancer activity of CTX in vivo. Moreover, we have identified two bacteria, Enterococcus hirae and Barnesiella intestinihominis, able to rescue the efficacy of CTX abolished with antibiotics. E. hirae, a Gram+ bacterium, elicits Th1 immune responses and pathogenic Th17 cells capable of enhancing tumor-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses against candidate tumor antigens associated with tumor control. B. intestinihominis, a Gram- bacterium, was able to rescue the long term cognate responses lost with broad spectrum antibiotics or colistin treatment. Our data underscore the role of the gut microbiota in the efficacy of chemotherapy by CTX.
2

Bactérias com potencial probiótico do intestino de tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) / Bacteria with probiotic potential of the tambaqui intestine (Colossoma macropomum)

Kotzent, Suzana [UNESP] 17 February 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Suzana Kotzent (su_kotzent@hotmail.com) on 2017-03-17T13:27:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação final 170317 Suzana Kotzent.pdf: 1627152 bytes, checksum: fb879e427474125c781d95d8fcc0faa5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2017-03-23T16:43:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 kotzent_s_me_jabo_par.pdf: 1254030 bytes, checksum: 86a63f13335a097462b3bb9d50cce954 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-23T16:43:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 kotzent_s_me_jabo_par.pdf: 1254030 bytes, checksum: 86a63f13335a097462b3bb9d50cce954 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Os probióticos são microorganismos vivos que afetam de forma benéfica o hospedeiro ou o ambiente. Na aquicultura podem ser usados tanto na água como na ração, mas seu uso na alimentação é destacado como uma das principais medidas profiláticas. As doenças bacterianas são consideradas um dos principais entraves no crescimento da aquicultura, e assim, há a necessidade urgente no desenvolvimento de probióticos. O tambaqui Colossoma macropomum é a espécie nativa mais produzida no Brasil, e apesar de sua importância econômica, não há estudos que estabeleçam os microorganismos com potencial probiótico para esta espécie de peixe. Neste trabalho foi possível identificar e caracterizar bactérias autóctones com potencial probiótico para o tambaqui a partir de testes de: caracterização morfológica, catalase, tolerância à bile, antagonismo frente à patógenos, sensibilidade a antimicrobianos e sequenciamento do gene 16S rRNA. As cepas selecionadas foram: Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus hirae, Lactococcus lactis, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Staphylococcus hominis e Staphylococcus saprophyticus. Todas as cepas foram tolerantes aos ácidos biliares do tambaqui e capazes de inibir o crescimento dos patógenos Enterococcus casseliflavus, Lactococcus garvieae e Aeromonas hydrophila. Todas as cepas foram parcialmente resistentes contra sete antibióticos. Como as cepas de S. saprophyticus e E. faecalis apresentaram menores valores no teste de antagonismo e por estas bactérias serem relatadas como agentes zoonóticos, concluímos este estudo selecionando quatro potenciais cepas: E. hirae, L. lactis, P. pentosaceus, S. hominis. Este é o primeiro estudo a referir o potencial uso probiótico de cepas autóctones para o tambaqui. / Probiotics are living microorganisms that beneficially affect the host or the environment. In aquaculture it can be used in both water and feed, but its use in feed is highlighted as one of the main prophylactic measures. Bacterial diseases are considered to be one of the major obstacles to the growth of aquaculture, and thus, there is an urgent need for the development of probiotics. The tambaqui Colossoma macropomum is the most produced native species in Brazil, and despite its economic importance, there are no studies that establish the microorganisms with probiotic potential for this fish species. In this study it was possible to identify and characterize autochthones bacteria with probiotic potential for tambaqui from tests of: morphological characterization, catalase, bile tolerance, antagonism of pathogens, antimicrobial susceptibility and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The selected strains were: Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus hirae, Lactococcus lactis, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Staphylococcus hominis and Staphylococcus saprophyticus. All strains were tolerant to acids bile from tambaqui and capable of inhibiting the growth of Enterococcus casseliflavus, Lactococcus garvieae and Aeromonas hydrophila pathogens. All strains were partially resistant against seven antibiotics. Since the strains of S. saprophyticus and E. faecalis presented lower values in the test of antagonism and because these bacteria were reported as zoonotic agents, we conclude this study selecting four potential strains: E. hirae, L. lactis, P. pentosaceus, S. hominis. This is the first study to mention the potential probiotic use of autochthonous strains for tambaqui.
3

Enterococcus spp. : entre pathogènes opportunistes et probiotiques / Enterococcus spp. : from opportunistic pathogens to probiotics

Isnard, Christophe 06 October 2017 (has links)
Les entérocoques, sont des bactéries commensales du tube digestif de l’homme et des animaux, mais certaines espèces, comme Enterococcus faecium, sont aussi des pathogènes opportunistes majeurs souvent multi-résistants aux antibiotiques. Nous avons étudié l’impact de molécules non antibiotiques utilisées dans les unités de soins intensifs, sur la virulence et la résistance d’une souche clinique de E. faecium par une approche microscopique, une analyse du peptidoglycane et une analyse trancriptomique. Ce travail nous a permis de décrire l’effet antibactérien de la caspofungine, molécule antifongique. Nous avons également étudié deux nouveaux mécanismes de résistance chez E. faecium i) la résistance aux lincosamides, streptogramines A et pleuromutilines (phénotype LSAP) par la mutation ponctuelle d’un gène codant pour une protéine ABC de type II. ii) la diminution de sensibilité à la tigécycline due à l’apparition de mutations au sein du gène rpsJ codant pour la protéine ribosomale S10 jouant un rôle dans la formation de la sous-unité 30S du ribosome. Enfin, nous avons participé à une étude sur Enterococcus hirae, espèce qui induirait la production de sous-populations de lymphocytes T permettant d’augmenter l’efficacité in vivo du cyclophosphamide (CTX) dans le traitement de tumeurs chez la souris. Une caractérisation des facteurs de virulence, de la résistance aux antibiotiques et du pouvoir de colonisation d’une collection de souches d’E. hirae a été menée, de même qu’une étude transcriptomique en présence de CTX et une étude de génomique comparative, afin de caractériser cette espèce dans l’optique de son utilisation comme oncobiotique. / Enterococci are commensal bacteria of the human and animal gastrointestinal tract, but some species as Enterococcus faecium, are also major opportunistic pathogens often multiply resistant to antibiotics. We studied the impact of non-antibiotic molecules widely used in intensive care units on fitness, virulence and resistance of a clinical isolate of E. faecium belonging to CC17 by a microscopic approach, a peptidoglycan analysis and a trancriptomic analysis. This work allowed us to demonstratethe antimicrobial effect of caspofungin, molecule known for its antifungal activity. We also characterized two novel resistance mechanisms found in E. faecium: i) resistance to lincosamides, streptogramines A and pleuromutilins (LSAP phenotype) linked to a point mutation in a gene encoding for a type-II ABC protein. ii) decreased susceptibility to tigecycline due to the occurrence of mutations within the rpsJ gene encoding the S10 ribosomal protein that plays a role in 30S ribosomal subunit formation. Finally, we participated to a study concerning Enterococcus hirae, species that induces the production of sub-populations of T lymphocytes that increase the in vivo efficacy of cyclophosphamide (CTX) in the treatment of murine tumors. A characterization of the virulence factors, antibiotic resistance profiles and colonization capacities of a collection of E. hirae isolates was carried out. A transcriptomic study in the presence of CTX and a comparative genomic study were also done, in order to characterize this species in view of its use as an oncobiotic.
4

Characterization of bacteriocinogenic Enterococcus hirae and Pediococcus pentosaceus isolated from artisanal cheese and their bacteriocins / Caracterização dos isolados bacteriocinogênicos Enterococcus hirae e Pediococcus pentosaceus obtidos de queijo artesanal e suas bacteriocinas

Cavicchioli, Valéria Quintana 26 July 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Marco Antônio de Ramos Chagas (mchagas@ufv.br) on 2018-09-21T15:03:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1299382 bytes, checksum: 25fc4d8303ddcd9bca8411b22d10cc7b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-21T15:03:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1299382 bytes, checksum: 25fc4d8303ddcd9bca8411b22d10cc7b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Os produtos lácteos possuem uma microbiota autóctone bastante diversificada, na qual o grupo das Bactérias Ácido Lácticas (BAL) é de notável relevância devido às suas características benéficas, tecnológicas e bioconservantes, atraindo o interesse para sua utilização em diversos segmentos biotecnológicos, em especial na indústria de alimentos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi isolar e identificar BAL bacteriocinogênicas de queijos artesanais, caracterizando aspectos ligados à produção e purificação das bacteriocinas, inocuidade, potencial benéfico dos isolados e propriedades inibitórias contra Listeria spp. As cepas bacteriocinogênicas Enterococcus hirae ST57ACC e Pediococcus pentosaceus ST65ACC foram isoladas a partir da técnica de tripla camada e identificadas por metodologias fenotípicas e moleculares. As bacteriocinas produzidas por E. hirae ST57ACC e P. pentosaceus ST65ACC demostraram estabilidade em ampla faixa de pH e temperatura, e foram inativadas após tratamento com enzimas proteolíticas, comprovando sua natureza proteica. Tratamentos com EDTA, SDS, NaCl e Tween 80 não afetaram a atividade das bacteriocinas. Os sobrenadantes de ambos os isolados foram capazes de inibir Listeria innocua e diversas cepas de L. monocytogenes pertencentes à diferentes sorogrupos e obtidas de fontes distintas, inibindo completamente o desenvolvimento de L. monocytogenes após 12 h. Em co-culturas das cepas bacteriocinogênicas com a cepa indicadora L. monocytogenes 422 em leite desnatado, observou-se que E. hirae ST57ACC foi capaz de controlar a multiplicação do patógeno após 48 h. E. hirae ST57ACC e P. pentosaceus não apresentaram resultados positivos para 25 genes relacionados a bacteriocinas conhecidas, indicando que podem produzir novas bacteriocinas. As cepas de E. hirae ST57ACC e P. pentosaceus ST65ACC foram também avaliadas quanto ao seu potencial benéfico e segurança: ambos os isolados permaneceram viáveis após tratamento em condições gastrointestinais simuladas, exibindo altos níveis de auto e co-agregação com L. monocytogenes e níveis variados de hidrofobicidade, demonstrando que E. hirae ST57ACC e P. pentosaceus ST65ACC podem prevenir potencialmente o estabelecimento de infecções pelo patógeno. Por meio da metodologia de agar-spot, avaliou-se a possibilidade de interferência de 33 medicamentos comerciais, de diferentes grupos sobre a multiplicação de E. hirae ST57ACC e P. pentosaceus ST65ACC, revelando que apenas antiinflamatórios e medicamentos contendo loratadina e cloridrato de propranolol apresentaram atividade inibitória sobre as cepas. Testes fenotípicos para determinação da susceptibilidade antimicrobiana demonstraram que E. hirae ST57ACC e P. pentosaceus ST65ACC foram resistentes à vancomicina, oxacilina e sulfa/trimetoprim dentre os 11 antibióticos testados pelo método de disco difusão. Com relação à PCR, poucos genes relacionados à resistência a antibióticos foi foram identificados. Nenhum dos isolados amplificou genes de produção de aminas biogênicas e nem apresentou produção das mesmas. A expressão de diferentes elementos do sistema de transporte ABC e metabolismo de açúcares foi identificada para ambos os isolados. Variações na proporção de inóculo não influenciaram a taxa de multiplicação de E. hirae ST57ACC nem de P. pentosaceus ST65ACC, no entanto, a produção de bacteriocinas foi detectada apenas 9 horas após a inoculação das cepas, quando inoculadas nas proporções de 5% e 10%. Adicionalmente, verificou-se que a densidade celular das cepas bacteriocinogênicas esteve correlacionada à produção de bacteriocinas em sistemas de fermentação tradicional e fermentação com controle de pH a 5,5 e agitação. E. hirae ST57ACC e P. pentosaceus ST65ACC foram capazes de se multiplicar e produzir bacteriocinas na presença de xilo-oligossacarídeos após 6 horas de incubação, porém em níveis reduzidos quando comparados ao cultivo em meio MRS. Por fim, as bacteriocinas produzidas por E. hirae ST57ACC e P. pentosaceus ST65ACC foram purificadas a partir de diferentes metodologias. A bacteriocina produzida por P. pentosaceus ST65ACC foi purificada em duas etapas, com rendimento final de 101,33 revelando- se um peptídeo com massa molecular de 3,5 a 8,5 kDa, determinado por SDS-PAGE. Em contrapartida, um protocolo de três etapas foi empregado na purificação da bacteriocina produzida por E. hirae ST57ACC, com rendimento final de 3,05. Adicionalmente, uma fração semi-purificada foi testada com a linhagem celular HT- 29, demonstrando que a bacteriocina não apresenta efeitos citotóxicos contra células humanas, sendo considerada segura neste aspecto. Os dados obtidos neste trabalho indicam que os isolados E. hirae ST57ACC e P. pentosaceus ST57ACC podem ser considerados importantes ferramentas biotecnológicas na produção de bacteriocinas de interesse ao controle de L. monocytogenes e na biopreservação de alimentos. / Dairy products present a rich and diverse autochthonous microbiota, in which Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are relevant, due to their beneficial, technological and biopreservative features, attracting the interest for their biotechnological application, in food industry, pharmaceutic area and human and veterinary medicine fields. The aim of this study was to isolate and to identify bacteriocinogenic LAB from artisanal cheeses, characterizing some aspects linked to bacteriocin production and purification, safety and beneficial potential of the isolates, as well as their inhibitory properties against Listeria spp. Bacteriocinogenic strains Enterococcus hirae ST57ACC and Pediococcus pentosaceus ST65ACC were isolated by using the triple- layer technique and identified by phenotypical and molecular methods. Bacteriocins produced by E. hirae ST57ACC and P. pentosaceus ST65ACC were stable in a wide range of pH and temperature, losing their activity after treatment with proteolytic enzymes, confirming their proteinaceous nature. Treatments with EDTA, SDS, NaCl and Tween 80 did not affect bacteriocin activity. Cell-free supernatants from both isolates were able to inhibit Listeria innocua and several L. monocytogenes strains, from different serogroups obtained from diverse sources, eliminating L. monocytogenes after 12 h. In co-culture experiments conducted in skimmed milk with the bacteriocinogenic isolates and the target strain L. monocytogenes 422, E. hirae ST57ACC controlled the target strain growth after 48 h. E. hirae ST57ACC and P. pentosaceus ST65ACC did not present positive results for 25 known bacteriocin related genes, indicating that they might express new bacteriocins. E. hirae ST57ACC e P. pentosaceus ST65ACC were also evaluated for their beneficial and safety features: both isolates remained viable after treatment replicating gastrointestinal conditions, showing high levels of auto and co-aggregation with L. monocytogenes and diverse levels of hydrophobicity, demonstrating that E. hirae ST57ACC and P. pentosaceus ST65ACC might prevent the establishment of infections caused by this pathogen. Interference of 33 commercial drugs from different groups on growth of E. hirae ST57ACC and P. pentosaceus ST65ACC was tested by agar-spot method, revealing that only anti-inflammatories and drugs containing loratadine and propranolol hydrochloride influenced the growth of bacteriocinogenic strains. Phenotypical tests employed to determine antibiotic susceptibility have shown that E. hirae ST57ACC and P. pentosaceus ST65ACC were resistant to vancomycin, oxacillin and sulfa/trimethoprim out of 11 antibiotics tested by disk-diffusion test, nonetheless low number of antibiotic resistance genes was observed by PCR analysis. None of the isolates amplified biogenic amines encoding genes neither presented phenotypical evidence of their production. Expression of different ABC transporters linked to bacteriocin export and sugar metabolism was detected, for both isolates. Changes in inoculum size did not influenced the growth of E. hirae ST57ACC and P. pentosaceus ST65ACC; however, bacteriocin production was affected, and bacteriocins were detected only after 9 h with inoculation at 5% and 10% of bacteriocinogenic strains. Additionally, it was observed that cell density of both bacteriocinogenic strains was linked to bacteriocin production in traditional and pH at 5.5 and agitation controlled fermentation continuous. E. hirae ST57ACC and P. pentosaceus ST65ACC were capable to grow and produce bacteriocins in the presence of xylo-oligossacharides after 6 h of incubation, but in lower levels than those obtained with cultivation in MRS broth. Finally, E. hirae ST57ACC and P. pentosaceus ST65ACC were purified from different methods. The bacteriocin produced by P. pentosaceus ST65ACC was purified in two-steps, with final yield of 101.33, recognized as a 3.5 to 8.5 kDa peptide, determined by Tricine-SDS-PAGE. In contrast, a three-step-protocol was used to purify the bacteriocin produced by E. hirae ST57ACC, with final yield of 3.05. Moreover, a semi-purified fraction of E. hirae ST57ACC bacteriocin was tested in HT-29 cell-line, demonstrating no-cytotoxic effects in human cells, which means the bacteriocin can be considered safe in this aspect. Obtained data from this study indicate that E. hirae ST57ACC and P. pentosaceus ST57ACC may be considered as important biotechnological tools for bacteriocin production to control L. monocytogenes and as biopreservatives in food.
5

Characterization of bacteriocinogenic Enterococcus hirae and Pediococcus pentosaceus isolated from artisanal cheese and their bacteriocins / Caracterização dos isolados bacteriocinogênicos Enterococcus hirae e Pediococcus pentosaceus obtidos de queijo artesanal e suas bacteriocinas

Cavicchioli, Valéria Quintana 26 July 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Marco Antônio de Ramos Chagas (mchagas@ufv.br) on 2018-09-24T11:56:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1299382 bytes, checksum: 25fc4d8303ddcd9bca8411b22d10cc7b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-24T11:56:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1299382 bytes, checksum: 25fc4d8303ddcd9bca8411b22d10cc7b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Os produtos lácteos possuem uma microbiota autóctone bastante diversificada, na qual o grupo das Bactérias Ácido Lácticas (BAL) é de notável relevância devido às suas características benéficas, tecnológicas e bioconservantes, atraindo o interesse para sua utilização em diversos segmentos biotecnológicos, em especial na indústria de alimentos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi isolar e identificar BAL bacteriocinogênicas de queijos artesanais, caracterizando aspectos ligados à produção e purificação das bacteriocinas, inocuidade, potencial benéfico dos isolados e propriedades inibitórias contra Listeria spp. As cepas bacteriocinogênicas Enterococcus hirae ST57ACC e Pediococcus pentosaceus ST65ACC foram isoladas a partir da técnica de tripla camada e identificadas por metodologias fenotípicas e moleculares. As bacteriocinas produzidas por E. hirae ST57ACC e P. pentosaceus ST65ACC demostraram estabilidade em ampla faixa de pH e temperatura, e foram inativadas após tratamento com enzimas proteolíticas, comprovando sua natureza proteica. Tratamentos com EDTA, SDS, NaCl e Tween 80 não afetaram a atividade das bacteriocinas. Os sobrenadantes de ambos os isolados foram capazes de inibir Listeria innocua e diversas cepas de L. monocytogenes pertencentes à diferentes sorogrupos e obtidas de fontes distintas, inibindo completamente o desenvolvimento de L. monocytogenes após 12 h. Em co-culturas das cepas bacteriocinogênicas com a cepa indicadora L. monocytogenes 422 em leite desnatado, observou-se que E. hirae ST57ACC foi capaz de controlar a multiplicação do patógeno após 48 h. E. hirae ST57ACC e P. pentosaceus não apresentaram resultados positivos para 25 genes relacionados a bacteriocinas conhecidas, indicando que podem produzir novas bacteriocinas. As cepas de E. hirae ST57ACC e P. pentosaceus ST65ACC foram também avaliadas quanto ao seu potencial benéfico e segurança: ambos os isolados permaneceram viáveis após tratamento em condições gastrointestinais simuladas, exibindo altos níveis de auto e co-agregação com L. monocytogenes e níveis variados de hidrofobicidade, demonstrando que E. hirae ST57ACC e P. pentosaceus ST65ACC podem prevenir potencialmente o estabelecimento de infecções pelo patógeno. Por meio da metodologia de agar-spot, avaliou-se a possibilidade de interferência de 33 medicamentos comerciais, de diferentes grupos sobre a multiplicação de E. hirae ST57ACC e P. pentosaceus ST65ACC, revelando que apenas antiinflamatórios e medicamentos contendo loratadina e cloridrato de propranolol apresentaram atividade inibitória sobre as cepas. Testes fenotípicos para determinação da susceptibilidade antimicrobiana demonstraram que E. hirae ST57ACC e P. pentosaceus ST65ACC foram resistentes à vancomicina, oxacilina e sulfa/trimetoprim dentre os 11 antibióticos testados pelo método de disco difusão. Com relação à PCR, poucos genes relacionados à resistência a antibióticos foi foram identificados. Nenhum dos isolados amplificou genes de produção de aminas biogênicas e nem apresentou produção das mesmas. A expressão de diferentes elementos do sistema de transporte ABC e metabolismo de açúcares foi identificada para ambos os isolados. Variações na proporção de inóculo não influenciaram a taxa de multiplicação de E. hirae ST57ACC nem de P. pentosaceus ST65ACC, no entanto, a produção de bacteriocinas foi detectada apenas 9 horas após a inoculação das cepas, quando inoculadas nas proporções de 5% e 10%. Adicionalmente, verificou-se que a densidade celular das cepas bacteriocinogênicas esteve correlacionada à produção de bacteriocinas em sistemas de fermentação tradicional e fermentação com controle de pH a 5,5 e agitação. E. hirae ST57ACC e P. pentosaceus ST65ACC foram capazes de se multiplicar e produzir bacteriocinas na presença de xilo-oligossacarídeos após 6 horas de incubação, porém em níveis reduzidos quando comparados ao cultivo em meio MRS. Por fim, as bacteriocinas produzidas por E. hirae ST57ACC e P. pentosaceus ST65ACC foram purificadas a partir de diferentes metodologias. A bacteriocina produzida por P. pentosaceus ST65ACC foi purificada em duas etapas, com rendimento final de 101,33 revelando- se um peptídeo com massa molecular de 3,5 a 8,5 kDa, determinado por SDS-PAGE. Em contrapartida, um protocolo de três etapas foi empregado na purificação da bacteriocina produzida por E. hirae ST57ACC, com rendimento final de 3,05. Adicionalmente, uma fração semi-purificada foi testada com a linhagem celular HT- 29, demonstrando que a bacteriocina não apresenta efeitos citotóxicos contra células humanas, sendo considerada segura neste aspecto. Os dados obtidos neste trabalho indicam que os isolados E. hirae ST57ACC e P. pentosaceus ST57ACC podem ser considerados importantes ferramentas biotecnológicas na produção de bacteriocinas de interesse ao controle de L. monocytogenes e na biopreservação de alimentos. / Dairy products present a rich and diverse autochthonous microbiota, in which Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are relevant, due to their beneficial, technological and biopreservative features, attracting the interest for their biotechnological application, in food industry, pharmaceutic area and human and veterinary medicine fields. The aim of this study was to isolate and to identify bacteriocinogenic LAB from artisanal cheeses, characterizing some aspects linked to bacteriocin production and purification, safety and beneficial potential of the isolates, as well as their inhibitory properties against Listeria spp. Bacteriocinogenic strains Enterococcus hirae ST57ACC and Pediococcus pentosaceus ST65ACC were isolated by using the triple- layer technique and identified by phenotypical and molecular methods. Bacteriocins produced by E. hirae ST57ACC and P. pentosaceus ST65ACC were stable in a wide range of pH and temperature, losing their activity after treatment with proteolytic enzymes, confirming their proteinaceous nature. Treatments with EDTA, SDS, NaCl and Tween 80 did not affect bacteriocin activity. Cell-free supernatants from both isolates were able to inhibit Listeria innocua and several L. monocytogenes strains, from different serogroups obtained from diverse sources, eliminating L. monocytogenes after 12 h. In co-culture experiments conducted in skimmed milk with the bacteriocinogenic isolates and the target strain L. monocytogenes 422, E. hirae ST57ACC controlled the target strain growth after 48 h. E. hirae ST57ACC and P. pentosaceus ST65ACC did not present positive results for 25 known bacteriocin related genes, indicating that they might express new bacteriocins. E. hirae ST57ACC e P. pentosaceus ST65ACC were also evaluated for their beneficial and safety features: both isolates remained viable after treatment replicating gastrointestinal conditions, showing high levels of auto and co-aggregation with L. monocytogenes and diverse levels of hydrophobicity, demonstrating that E. hirae ST57ACC and P. pentosaceus ST65ACC might prevent the establishment of infections caused by this pathogen. Interference of 33 commercial drugs from different groups on growth of E. hirae ST57ACC and P. pentosaceus ST65ACC was tested by agar-spot method, revealing that only anti-inflammatories and drugs containing loratadine and propranolol hydrochloride influenced the growth of bacteriocinogenic strains. Phenotypical tests employed to determine antibiotic susceptibility have shown that E. hirae ST57ACC and P. pentosaceus ST65ACC were resistant to vancomycin, oxacillin and sulfa/trimethoprim out of 11 antibiotics tested by disk-diffusion test, nonetheless low number of antibiotic resistance genes was observed by PCR analysis. None of the isolates amplified biogenic amines encoding genes neither presented phenotypical evidence of their production. Expression of different ABC transporters linked to bacteriocin export and sugar metabolism was detected, for both isolates. Changes in inoculum size did not influenced the growth of E. hirae ST57ACC and P. pentosaceus ST65ACC; however, bacteriocin production was affected, and bacteriocins were detected only after 9 h with inoculation at 5% and 10% of bacteriocinogenic strains. Additionally, it was observed that cell density of both bacteriocinogenic strains was linked to bacteriocin production in traditional and pH at 5.5 and agitation controlled fermentation continuous. E. hirae ST57ACC and P. pentosaceus ST65ACC were capable to grow and produce bacteriocins in the presence of xylo-oligossacharides after 6 h of incubation, but in lower levels than those obtained with cultivation in MRS broth. Finally, E. hirae ST57ACC and P. pentosaceus ST65ACC were purified from different methods. The bacteriocin produced by P. pentosaceus ST65ACC was purified in two-steps, with final yield of 101.33, recognized as a 3.5 to 8.5 kDa peptide, determined by Tricine-SDS-PAGE. In contrast, a three-step-protocol was used to purify the bacteriocin produced by E. hirae ST57ACC, with final yield of 3.05. Moreover, a semi-purified fraction of E. hirae ST57ACC bacteriocin was tested in HT-29 cell-line, demonstrating no-cytotoxic effects in human cells, which means the bacteriocin can be considered safe in this aspect. Obtained data from this study indicate that E. hirae ST57ACC and P. pentosaceus ST57ACC may be considered as important biotechnological tools for bacteriocin production to control L. monocytogenes and as biopreservatives in food.

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