The aim of the research was to find out about intonational strategies in the performance situation. The singing voice was chosen as the appropriate subject for experimental work, due to its superior capability to define pitch as compared to other musical instruments. Ensemble singing was also required, as harmonic context may be important in the clarification of the issue. Chapter One, as an introduction to the subject, considers tuning systems and temperaments and briefly reviews the experimental literature on the subject. It also states the aim of the research. Chapter Two focuses on the theoretical aspects of the research, considering some relevant phenomena of psychoacoustics to the legacy of tuning systems and temperaments. Some thoughts on intonational strategies, reference frequencies and flexible temperament as desirable components of a sound intonational strategy are elaborated. An analysis of the motet Ave Verum Corpus, by Mozart, as the chosen music piece for experimental work is carried out. Chapter Three deals with the delineation of experimental procedures for the evaluation of the intonational strategies adopted by singers in the performance situation. The recording sessions environment and the technical tools utilised in the experiments are described, as well as the technical procedures to carry out the measurements of the acquired data. As strict criteria had to be met regarding the performance situation, simultaneity of performance and the need to acquire individual data for analytical work, electrodes were attached to the neck of the singers, near the larynx, in order to carry out the recording sessions with the help of Laryngograph devices. Analytical issues are also considered in the chapter, namely technical problems, errors and mistakes, as well as the implementation of intonational analyses and reference frequency calculations. Chapter Four presents a discussion on data measurements procedures, including guidelines for the determination of errors and mistakes and their symbology. Four recording sessions were carried out; two of them fulfilled all the necessary requirements. The singers’ results are presented in chronological order: firstly, a quartet of singers from the Royal Academy of Music, and secondly, sixteen of the BBC Singers. Reference frequency results are also presented and discussed. Chapter Five deals with the intonational strategies as defined by the experimental work. It was discovered that no theoretical model was followed throughout the music piece, but instead intonational procedures were guiding the singers while performing. Also, the two groups adopted different intonational strategies regarding reference frequencies. Alongside with the main issues of the research – intonational strategies regarding pitch behaviour and reference frequencies, pitch equalization within a choir section and text-related issues rank amongst the most important topics that have been revealed by the results. Chapter Six comments on the new concepts brought about by the research. It also delineates some possibilities for future research work on the subject and related issues, especially vibrato singing, text articulation and absolute pitch. The Appendices contain images of the experimental work, diagrams of studio disposition for recording sessions, and analytical scores alongside with tuning tables that make it possible to represent graphically analytical values. They also provide means of performing acoustical replications of the results of analysis and singers. The core of the appendices volume is formed by the results of the singers’ fundamental frequencies results and their graphical representation.

The aim of the research was to find out about intonational strategies in the performance situation. The singing voice was chosen as the appropriate subject for experimental work, due to its superior capability to define pitch as compared to other musical instruments. Ensemble singing was also required, as harmonic context may be important in the clarification of the issue. Chapter One, as an introduction to the subject, considers tuning systems and temperaments and briefly reviews the experimental literature on the subject. It also states the aim of the research. Chapter Two focuses on the theoretical aspects of the research, considering some relevant phenomena of psychoacoustics to the legacy of tuning systems and temperaments. Some thoughts on intonational strategies, reference frequencies and flexible temperament as desirable components of a sound intonational strategy are elaborated. An analysis of the motet Ave Verum Corpus, by Mozart, as the chosen music piece for experimental work is carried out. Chapter Three deals with the delineation of experimental procedures for the evaluation of the intonational strategies adopted by singers in the performance situation. The recording sessions environment and the technical tools utilised in the experiments are described, as well as the technical procedures to carry out the measurements of the acquired data. As strict criteria had to be met regarding the performance situation, simultaneity of performance and the need to acquire individual data for analytical work, electrodes were attached to the neck of the singers, near the larynx, in order to carry out the recording sessions with the help of Laryngograph devices. Analytical issues are also considered in the chapter, namely technical problems, errors and mistakes, as well as the implementation of intonational analyses and reference frequency calculations. Chapter Four presents a discussion on data measurements procedures, including guidelines for the determination of errors and mistakes and their symbology. Four recording sessions were carried out; two of them fulfilled all the necessary requirements. The singers’ results are presented in chronological order: firstly, a quartet of singers from the Royal Academy of Music, and secondly, sixteen of the BBC Singers. Reference frequency results are also presented and discussed. Chapter Five deals with the intonational strategies as defined by the experimental work. It was discovered that no theoretical model was followed throughout the music piece, but instead intonational procedures were guiding the singers while performing. Also, the two groups adopted different intonational strategies regarding reference frequencies. Alongside with the main issues of the research – intonational strategies regarding pitch behaviour and reference frequencies, pitch equalization within a choir section and text-related issues rank amongst the most important topics that have been revealed by the results. Chapter Six comments on the new concepts brought about by the research. It also delineates some possibilities for future research work on the subject and related issues, especially vibrato singing, text articulation and absolute pitch. The Appendices contain images of the experimental work, diagrams of studio disposition for recording sessions, and analytical scores alongside with tuning tables that make it possible to represent graphically analytical values. They also provide means of performing acoustical replications of the results of analysis and singers. The core of the appendices volume is formed by the results of the singers’ fundamental frequencies results and their graphical representation.

The aim of the research was to find out about intonational strategies in the performance situation. The singing voice was chosen as the appropriate subject for experimental work, due to its superior capability to define pitch as compared to other musical instruments. Ensemble singing was also required, as harmonic context may be important in the clarification of the issue. Chapter One, as an introduction to the subject, considers tuning systems and temperaments and briefly reviews the experimental literature on the subject. It also states the aim of the research. Chapter Two focuses on the theoretical aspects of the research, considering some relevant phenomena of psychoacoustics to the legacy of tuning systems and temperaments. Some thoughts on intonational strategies, reference frequencies and flexible temperament as desirable components of a sound intonational strategy are elaborated. An analysis of the motet Ave Verum Corpus, by Mozart, as the chosen music piece for experimental work is carried out. Chapter Three deals with the delineation of experimental procedures for the evaluation of the intonational strategies adopted by singers in the performance situation. The recording sessions environment and the technical tools utilised in the experiments are described, as well as the technical procedures to carry out the measurements of the acquired data. As strict criteria had to be met regarding the performance situation, simultaneity of performance and the need to acquire individual data for analytical work, electrodes were attached to the neck of the singers, near the larynx, in order to carry out the recording sessions with the help of Laryngograph devices. Analytical issues are also considered in the chapter, namely technical problems, errors and mistakes, as well as the implementation of intonational analyses and reference frequency calculations. Chapter Four presents a discussion on data measurements procedures, including guidelines for the determination of errors and mistakes and their symbology. Four recording sessions were carried out; two of them fulfilled all the necessary requirements. The singers’ results are presented in chronological order: firstly, a quartet of singers from the Royal Academy of Music, and secondly, sixteen of the BBC Singers. Reference frequency results are also presented and discussed. Chapter Five deals with the intonational strategies as defined by the experimental work. It was discovered that no theoretical model was followed throughout the music piece, but instead intonational procedures were guiding the singers while performing. Also, the two groups adopted different intonational strategies regarding reference frequencies. Alongside with the main issues of the research – intonational strategies regarding pitch behaviour and reference frequencies, pitch equalization within a choir section and text-related issues rank amongst the most important topics that have been revealed by the results. Chapter Six comments on the new concepts brought about by the research. It also delineates some possibilities for future research work on the subject and related issues, especially vibrato singing, text articulation and absolute pitch. The Appendices contain images of the experimental work, diagrams of studio disposition for recording sessions, and analytical scores alongside with tuning tables that make it possible to represent graphically analytical values. They also provide means of performing acoustical replications of the results of analysis and singers. The core of the appendices volume is formed by the results of the singers’ fundamental frequencies results and their graphical representation.

Orientador: Ester Miriam Scarpa / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T20:21:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paoletti_LigiaFormico_M.pdf: 1007968 bytes, checksum: 5cef6c1ec04e4445a9b0e29699c18eb4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003 / Resumo: Estamos nos propondo à realização de um estudo de caso a partir de análises acústicas, estatísticas, descritivas com o objetivo de descrever e classificar os contornos ascendentes da fala inicial de um sujeito no período de 1;01.06 a 1;03.0 anos.Variações de F0 foram, por muitas vezes, motivo de estudo em aquisição da linguagem, principalmente, relacionados a processos comunicativos e entonação modal. Outros estudos foram mais além, pois fizeram esse tipo de análise acima mencionada e levaram em consideração aspectos fonéticos e técnicas experimentais para a análise dos contornos entonacionais na aquisição da linguagem e na fala de crianças entre 3 e 5 anos. Porém, até momento, poucos são os estudos em português brasileiro que têm como escopo a análise acústica, com dados naturalísticos, de uma fala tão inicial entre 1;0 e 1;03 anos como o presente trabalho. Através do levantamento bibliográfico, também nos deparamos com outros tipos de metodologias utilizadas em trabalhos sobre aquisição da prosódia, especialmente em relação ao método de gravação e seleção de dados e podemos ressaltar que a metodologia que propomos é diferencial devido à utilização de instrumentação digital (mini-disc), a qual nos permite a digitalização direta dos dados sem perda acústica; à análise estatística dos contornos e à opção por um trabalho com dados colhidos naturalisticamente / Abstract: The communicative processes related to modal intonation of pitch contours have been a popular topic of research in language acquisition. Added to it, some phonetic aspects and experimental techniques have also been studied aiming at analyzing the pitch contours in utterances of children aged from 3 to 5 years old. There are so far only a few studies in Brazilian Portuguese which examine pitch contours from a naturalistic and acoustic perspective and, to the best of our knowledge, studies of data in early speech from 1;0 to 1;03 years old are virtually inexistent. This is one of the goals of our investigation: an acoustic instrumental analysis of rising intonation applied to naturalistic speech of one subject, A., from 1;0 to 1;3. Also, we discussed some methodological issues in this dissertation. The experimental study had three central purposes: the first one is to propose a methodology that describes pitch contours, specially the rising intonation, which puts together acoustics, auditory and statistical analyses; the second one was to classify, according to the our methodology, all the rising contours in A¿s data. The third one was to make a phonetic description of the rising contours already classified through statistical means, taking into account duration, intensity and frequency / Mestrado / Mestre em Linguística

Orientador: Luiz Carlos Cagliari / Banca: Larissa Cristina Berti / Banca: Daniel Soares da Costa / Resumo: O objetivo desta dissertação de mestrado é estudar alguns aspectos da correlação entre dados acústicos e dados obtidos através de modelos de análise auditiva da entoação, a fim de verificar se a análise acústica se distancia ou não do reconhecimento auditivo. Para isso, investigamos, através de alguns dos principais métodos de descrição da entoação, do ponto de vista perceptivo (fonologia funcional) e do ponto de vista acústico (modelo autossegmental), qual a relação entre a percepção e a realidade física do som na análise do fenômeno da entoação. Nossa intenção é provar que essa correlação é tanto possível quanto viável. Para alcançar esse resultado, fizemos, primeiramente, uma descrição individual das duas abordagens eleitas para essa comparação. Uma das abordagens diz respeito ao estudo auditivo desenvolvido por Halliday (1970) e adaptado por Cagliari (1982/2007) para a análise dos dados do português brasileiro. A outra é de base acústica e segue o modelo de análise autossegmental, desenvolvido por Pierrehumbert (1980). Feito isso, propomos uma comparação entre os dois modelos, trazendo à baila suas semelhanças e diferenças, com o intuito de chegarmos a um possível paralelo entre eles. O resultado foi satisfatório e mostrou que, apesar de formalmente diferentes, é possível constatar semelhanças entre eles. Partindo desse princípio, fizemos uma detalhada análise acústica por meio do programa computacional PRAAT e, auditiva, (seguindo a metodologia de Halliday e Cagliari). A análise descreve a estrutura fonológica da entoação de um pequeno trecho do livro História sem fim (sd). A gravação foi feita por um informante adulto da cidade de Araraquara. O resultado mostrou, mais uma vez, uma correspondência entre... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The aim of this dissertation is the analysis of the correlation between acoustic and auditory data, in order to verify whether the acoustic analysis follows or not the auditory recognition. For this, we investigated, with some of main methods of description of intonation, the perception (functional phonology) and the acoustics (autossegmental model), what is the relation between perception and physical reality in the analysis of intonation. Our intention is to prove that this correlation is as much possible as feasible. We started with the description of the two approaches chosen for our comparison. One of them is concerned with the auditory approach. This theory was developed by Halliday (1970), according to Cagliari (1982/2007), who adapted Halliday‟s model to describe the intonation of Brazilian Portuguese. The other, is the acoustic approach developed by Pierrehumbert (1980) autossegmental approach. We propose a comparison between the two theories, bringing up their similarities and differences in order to reach a possible comparative parallel between them. The results showed that, despite the formal differences, similarities between the two approaches. Based on this idea, we made a detailed acoustic analysis of our data with the software PRAAT and an auditory analysis of the same data (following the Halliday‟s and Cagliari‟s methodology). The analyses describe the phonological structure of intonation of a short passage from the book História sem fim (The Neverending Story) (sd). The recording was performed by an adult informant from the city of Araraquara. Once more, the results showed a good correspondence between the phonological forms merged from the acoustic and auditory analyses. In addition, our goal was to show that the correlation between the two approachs (acoustic and auditory) allows a better explanation... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-04-26Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:12:40Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 carvalho_m_me_arafcl.pdf: 3575039 bytes, checksum: 73125dd5b49eaaaf9ca9069dbcb4e3d4 (MD5) / O objetivo desta dissertação de mestrado é estudar alguns aspectos da correlação entre dados acústicos e dados obtidos através de modelos de análise auditiva da entoação, a fim de verificar se a análise acústica se distancia ou não do reconhecimento auditivo. Para isso, investigamos, através de alguns dos principais métodos de descrição da entoação, do ponto de vista perceptivo (fonologia funcional) e do ponto de vista acústico (modelo autossegmental), qual a relação entre a percepção e a realidade física do som na análise do fenômeno da entoação. Nossa intenção é provar que essa correlação é tanto possível quanto viável. Para alcançar esse resultado, fizemos, primeiramente, uma descrição individual das duas abordagens eleitas para essa comparação. Uma das abordagens diz respeito ao estudo auditivo desenvolvido por Halliday (1970) e adaptado por Cagliari (1982/2007) para a análise dos dados do português brasileiro. A outra é de base acústica e segue o modelo de análise autossegmental, desenvolvido por Pierrehumbert (1980). Feito isso, propomos uma comparação entre os dois modelos, trazendo à baila suas semelhanças e diferenças, com o intuito de chegarmos a um possível paralelo entre eles. O resultado foi satisfatório e mostrou que, apesar de formalmente diferentes, é possível constatar semelhanças entre eles. Partindo desse princípio, fizemos uma detalhada análise acústica por meio do programa computacional PRAAT e, auditiva, (seguindo a metodologia de Halliday e Cagliari). A análise descreve a estrutura fonológica da entoação de um pequeno trecho do livro História sem fim (sd). A gravação foi feita por um informante adulto da cidade de Araraquara. O resultado mostrou, mais uma vez, uma correspondência entre... / The aim of this dissertation is the analysis of the correlation between acoustic and auditory data, in order to verify whether the acoustic analysis follows or not the auditory recognition. For this, we investigated, with some of main methods of description of intonation, the perception (functional phonology) and the acoustics (autossegmental model), what is the relation between perception and physical reality in the analysis of intonation. Our intention is to prove that this correlation is as much possible as feasible. We started with the description of the two approaches chosen for our comparison. One of them is concerned with the auditory approach. This theory was developed by Halliday (1970), according to Cagliari (1982/2007), who adapted Halliday‟s model to describe the intonation of Brazilian Portuguese. The other, is the acoustic approach developed by Pierrehumbert (1980) autossegmental approach. We propose a comparison between the two theories, bringing up their similarities and differences in order to reach a possible comparative parallel between them. The results showed that, despite the formal differences, similarities between the two approaches. Based on this idea, we made a detailed acoustic analysis of our data with the software PRAAT and an auditory analysis of the same data (following the Halliday‟s and Cagliari‟s methodology). The analyses describe the phonological structure of intonation of a short passage from the book História sem fim (The Neverending Story) (sd). The recording was performed by an adult informant from the city of Araraquara. Once more, the results showed a good correspondence between the phonological forms merged from the acoustic and auditory analyses. In addition, our goal was to show that the correlation between the two approachs (acoustic and auditory) allows a better explanation... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Edwiges Maria Morato / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T19:39:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Viscardi_JanaisaM._M.pdf: 490668 bytes, checksum: 4e5284dec689d0e9d74933b6ea3237e9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: O objetivo desta Dissertação é discutir as características lingüísticas de um fenômeno que tem recebido pouca atenção dos estudos da área de Neuropsicologia e Neurolingüística: o automatismo. Tal fenômeno tem sido definido como a emissão de enunciados estereotipados e repetitivos que podem ser produzidos tanto através de formas lexicalizadas da língua como através de formas não-lexicalizadas. De acordo com os poucos estudos neuropsicológicos que tratam do tema, o automatismo seria, em geral, a única forma possível de produção oral dos sujeitos ditos "monofásicos", produção esta caracterizada ainda por uma variação perceptível na curva entoacional. No entanto, esta característica do fenômeno não é tida como tentativa de produção de significação, sendo considerada inconsciente, maquinal, involuntária. Tal definição é contestada aqui por impossibilitar, dentre outras coisas, o questionamento sobre a interação dos diversos processos (lingüísticos e não lingüísticos) que atuam de forma dinâmica e solidária no funcionamento da linguagem não somente em contexto patológico como também em contexto "normal", assim como impossibilita uma reflexão sobre aspectos lingüístico-cognitivos envolvidos nesse funcionamento. Dessa forma, este estudo descreve e postula as características lingüísticas do automatismo a partir de uma perspectiva enunciativa, tendo em vista a análise longitudinal de dados do sujeito CF, que freqüenta o Centro de Convivência de Afásicos (CCA), no Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem (IEL), da UNICAMP, numa tentativa de confirmar a expectativa de que as condições de enunciação alteram a qualidade de produção dos automatismos / Abstract: The aim of this study is to discuss the linguistic features of a phenomenon which hasn't received much attention from Neuropsychology and Neurolinguistics: the recurring utterance. Such phenomenon has been defined as the emission of stereotyped utterances which can be recognized as lexical or non lexical forms. According to neuropsychological studies on this phenomenon - which are few - the recurring utterance would be defined as the only possibility of oral production by the individuals called "monophasic", this production been characterized by different perceivable prosodic contours. However, this characteristic is not considered as a way of producing signification/meaning: it is considered, instead, unconscious, mechanical and involuntary. The definition born of neuropsychological studies is now contested because it disables the questioning about the interaction of the various processes (linguistic and non-linguistic) that take part dynamically and solidarily in the way language works, not only in a pathological context but also in "normal" contexts. Moreover, this definition does not allow a reflection on linguistic-cognitive aspects involved in the functioning of language. Thus, this study describes and postulates the linguistic features of recurring utterance from the perspective of enunciation taking into account a long-term analysis of data collected from the individual CF, which is a member and participates in the activities of Centro de Convivência de Afásicos (CCA) in Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem (IEL), at UNICAMP. This work tries to confirm the expectation that conditions of enunciation modify the quality of recurring utterance production / Mestrado / Mestre em Linguística

Orientador: Ester Mirian Scarpa / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-19T18:42:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Campos_ClaudiaMendes_M.pdf: 3570057 bytes, checksum: 0dff345767939237c40bd01a513d681c (MD5) Previous issue date: 1994 / Resumo: O fenômeno lingüistico das auto-repetições consiste na repetição do enunciado anterior, sempre com algum tipo de modificação. Elas são diferentes das chamadas auto-correções porque, ao contrário destas, implicam uma neutralidade em relação ao sujeito consciente e controlador da linguagem. Nesta dissertação trabalhamos com as auto-repetições da fala inicial de um sujeito (1;6 a 2;6). mais especificamente com a entonação das suas auto-repetições. Fazemos um estudo auditivo no qual mostramos que não há reprodução exata da estrutura do grupo tonal e que as modificações feitas não são aleatórias, ou seja, há indicios de uma estabilidade prosódica no que diz respeito à organização e estruturação do grupo tonal na fala inicial. Como suporte aos resultados do estudo auditivo, apresentamos dois estudos-piloto, que correspondem a análises acústicas da entonação e da forma segmental de um pequeno número de dados / Abstract: Not informed. / Mestrado / Mestre em Linguística

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Lingüistica, Florianópolis, 2015 / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-19T04:01:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 338143.pdf: 9162740 bytes, checksum: 74abe0fd59fcb2a8e5e09492c4c01a4b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Esta pesquisa se insere no campo de estudos da prosódia e investiga, do ponto de vista fonético-fonológico, a produção e a percepção de sentenças declarativas e interrogativas totais (yes/no questions) do espanhol como primeira e segunda língua (L1 e L2), considerando a variedade de Bogotá. O objetivo é verificar se falantes de espanhol/L2, residentes em uma região de língua espanhola que apresenta padrões entoacionais diferentes de sua L1 (português brasileiro), realizam contornos melódicos com as mesmas características encontradas nos contornos produzidos por falantes de espanhol/L1. Também é proposto observar o efeito da experiência linguística na produção do espanhol/L2, considerando três períodos de residência: entre 1-2, 2-3, e 3-4 anos. Com este trabalho, almeja-se contribuir para a descrição da prosódia em segundas línguas, para a caracterização da variedade do espanhol de Bogotá, para o mapeamento de diferenças linguísticas entre português e espanhol e, ainda, para o aprimoramento de estudos que possam relacionar produção e percepção de aspectos prosódicos. Para alcançar nossos objetivos, foram realizados três experimentos de produção e um de percepção, inspirados nos projetos AMPER (CONTINI et al., 2002; LÓPEZ BOBO et al., 2007; FERNÁNDEZ-PLANAS, 2005) e no Atlas Interativo da Entoação do Espanhol (PRIETO; ROSEANO, 2009). Foi realizada uma análise quantitativa da duração e frequência fundamental (semitons), com olhar sobre as vogais pretônicas, tônicas e postônicas. Também foi empregado o modelo MOMEL/INTSINT (HIRST, 2007) na análise de parte dos dados. Os experimentos de produção com dados mais espontâneos (jogo interativo e lista de situações comunicativas) e com dados mais controlados (leitura ortográfica de sentenças) mostraram resultados semelhantes. Os contornos melódicos em espanhol/L1 apresentam características que indicam realização de padrões fonológicos já descritos para a variedade linguística do espanhol de Bogotá. As declarativas foram interpretadas com a sequência de acentos tonais L*+H H+L*L%, e as interrogativas totais foram associadas à sequência L*+H H+L+HH%. As análises quantitativas indicaram que a experiência in situ pode afetar em aspectos prosódicos relacionados à entoação e a padrões temporais, na L2. Observando os parâmetros de movimentos intrassilábicos e intersilábicos, vimos que os grupos espanhol/L2 com maior tempo de residência apresentam mais semelhanças com o grupo espanhol/L1, em comparação com o grupo com menor tempo de residência. Com relação à região nuclear dos contornos interrogativos totais, verificamos que enquanto os grupos com 2-3 e 3-4 anos de residência realizam exclusivamente movimento final ascendente, esperado para essa variedade de espanhol, o grupo com 1-2 anos de experiência alterna entre movimento final ascendente e circunflexo. Os resultados do teste de percepção mostraram que os estímulos correspondentes às interrogativas totais com movimento final ascendente foram mais frequentemente reconhecidos como perguntas pelos ouvintes colombianos. Os ouvintes brasileiros reconhecem como perguntas sentenças com movimento final ascendente e circunflexo.<br> / Abstract : The present study is a prosodic investigation aiming at researching the production and perception of declarative and interrogative sentences (yes/no questions) of Spanish as a native (L1) and second language (L2), considering the Bogotá variety, from a phonetic-phonological perspective. The main objective is to verify whether Spanish non-native speakers that live in a Spanish-speaking with different intonational patterns from their native language (Brazilian Portuguese) are able to produce the melodic contours with the same characteristics produced by Spanish native speakers. It is also aimed at observing the effect of linguistic experience in the productions of Spanish as L2, considering three periods of residence: 1-2 years; 2-3years; 3-4years. This research also intends to contribute to the prosodic description of a second language; to characterize the Spanish variety spoken in Bogota; to the mapping of linguistic differences between Brazilian Portuguese and Colombian Spanish; and to aid future research which may be related to prosodic aspects of production and perception of speech.In order to do so, three production experiments and one perception experiments were conducted, based on the AMPER project (CONTINI et al., 2002; LÓPEZ BOBO et al., 2007; FERNÁNDEZ-PLANAS, 2005) and on the Interactive Atlas of Intonation the Spanish (PRIETO; ROSEANO, 2009). A quantitative analysis of duration and fundamental frequency (semitones) was conducted, focusing on the pretonic, tonic, and postonic vowels. The MOMEL/INTSINT (HIRST, 2007) model was applied in the analysis of part of the data. The experiments with spontaneous speech (interactive game and interview) and with controlled speech (reading of sentences) showed similar results. The melodic contours of Spanish as L1 presented some characteristics that indicate the production of phonological patterns already described to the Spanish variety of Bogotá. The following pitch accents were attributed to the declarative sentences: L*+H H+L*L%, and the yes/no questions were associated with the sequence L*+H H+L+HH%.Quantitative analyses indicate that the informal learning experience in situ may affect the prosodic aspects related to the intonation and to the temporal aspects of the L2. By observing the intra and intersyllabic movements, it could be noticed that the Spanish non-native group (L2) with a longer period of residence in the L2 area presented more similarities with the Spanish native group (L1) than the Spanish non-native group (L2) with a shorter period of residence. Regarding the nuclear region of yes/no questions, it could be verified that the groups of 2-3 years or 3-4 years of residence produce exclusively rising final contour, which is expected to be produced by native speakers of this variety of Spanish, while the group with 1-2 years alternates between rising and rise-fall circumflex final contour.

Orientador: Eleonora Albano / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-19T07:11:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Figueiredo_RicardoMolinade_D.pdf: 7483933 bytes, checksum: 67bf0ef22b37f20739d44cc7e31f63a8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1994 / Resumo: O presente trabalho pretende examinar a eficiência de diversos parâmetros acústicos na Identificação de Falantes. Nos experimentos analisou-se um conjunto básico de 8 falantes, adultos do sexo masculino, com idades entre 22 e 45 anos. Em alguns casos incluiu-se a análise de mais dois falantes, gêmeos idênticos, de modo a examinar instrumentalmente as diferenças entre vozes perceptuaImente muito semelhantes. Os parâmetros estudados foram: Formantes Vocálicos, Freqüência Fundamental, Espectro de Longo Termo, Velocidade de Fala, Consoantes Nasais e VOT (Voice Onset Time). Discutiu-se também a eficiência da inspeção visual de espectrogramas na Identificação de Falantes, um tema especialmente relevante para o modelo forense, e que tem provocado grande controvérsia nas últimas décadas / Abstract: Not informed. / Doutorado / Doutor em Linguística