Thesis (M.B.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 86-88).

Purpose- This thesis aims to identify the role of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) for managing strategy risks as well as the types of strategy risks that can be managed using four perspectives of the BSC in the Iranian Petroleum Industry Equipment Manufacturers (IPIEM). Design/ approach/ methodology- In this thesis cross-sectional design and the deduction approach are used. For collecting data for quantitative analysis, a questionnaire was conducted by the research team. Then the data collected from respondents were then analyzed through running simple linear regression analysis in the SPSS software. Findings- The first research question (RQ) is about BSC’s roles in managing strategy risks in IPIEM. These roles are risk assessment, risk controlling and collecting data for decision making of strategy risks. It was proved by the research team that BSC can play a role of the assessment of strategy risks in IPIEM. This means by using BSC as an RM tool in IPIEM, companies can assess strategy risks through identifying, analysing and evaluating strategy risks. However, the results indicate risk controlling and collecting data for decision making cannot be managed by using BSC. The second Research question is about the types of strategy risks that four perspectives of BSC can manage. The results show that from the 8 strategy risks chosen for this thesis, 6 of them which are “liquidity risk” from the financial perspective; “risk of clients’ opposition to pilot testing of the product” from the customer perspective; “risk of improper design of the product at development stages”, and “risk of improper selection of international partners” from the internal perspective; “risk of incorrect evaluation & selection of technology options” and “the risk of not enough operational experience in similar previous projects” from the learning and growth perspective can be managed through using BSC as an RM tool in IPIEM. Based on the conclusion of RQ1, the effect can now be adjusted into RQ2 findings. This study concludes that IPIEM can use BSC for risk assessment of the above-mentioned six different strategy risks. It can also be concluded that the BSC cannot be a full RM tool for managing strategy risks in the companies, since it only can apply for one of the three processes of RM; risk assessment.

Global manufacturing accounted for 17% of global GDP in 2021. The heavy constructionequipment industry creates significant socio-ecological impacts through CO2 emissions, landdegradation and social risks. It is important to implement sustainability from the early phasesof product development. Research shows lack of cooperation between academia andbusinesses in testing to improve Sustainable Product Development (SPD) tools. The studyidentifies needs for implementing SPD and testing of relevant SPD tools for a heavyconstruction equipment manufacturer. It applies DSIP methodology as theoretical frameworkand focus group interviews / workshops, document content analysis and observation as datacollection methods. SAM4SIP supported in identifying the capability needs in relation toSPD implementation and informed the selection of the two SPD tools to be tested at the casecompany. First, the Leading Sustainability Criteria (LEASA) workshop generated 10measurable criteria covering all product life cycle phases which thereafter were furtherdeveloped in the Overall Sustainability Fingerprint template with respective compliancelevels to create design space. The results emphasize on the importance of taking a full-systemperspective to implement SPD on all decision levels of a company and giving opportunity tomanufacturers to utilise DSIP and find suitable tools to implement SPD.

The effects of the Federal Communications Commission Registration Program of 1977 on the structure of the domestic telecommunications equipment producing industry was evaluated. Econometric analysis and anecdotal evidence were used as the foundation for the investigation. The major hypothesis of the paper was that the FCC Registration Program of 1977 changed the structure of the telecommunications equipment producing industry from a monopoly to an industry characterized by competition. This resulted in a change in the equilibrium price and output in the market place with price decreasing and output increasing. The three major component subsectors, i.e., transmission equipment, switching equipment, and customer premises equipment (CPE) were discussed individually and collectively to determine any differential effects. This was particularly relevant because the FCC Registration Program focussed on CPE. Empirically, the central hypothesis was supported. Also, differential effects in the various subsectors were found. / M.A.

This thesis examines the development of a capital goods industry in Mendoza Argentina through an analysis of linkages and industrial governance systems. Linkages are material, informational, and financial flows among firms. Industrial governance systems are the social practices that cement linkages. Hence, linkages are understood as socially embedded and not as market transactions governed solely by price considerations. The study has two major arguments. First, it claims that contrary to conventional industrial location theory firms do not locate in view of the previous existence of certain favorable factors, but rather construct these factors as they grow. This argument is operationalized by asking how firms generate in time their own linkages. Examples taken from the 1895-1990 period include labor and subcontractors, clientele, services, and the emergence of economic groups. Second, this study argues that the capital-goods industry in Mendoza is undergoing a Substantial (and unprecedented) transition in the way production is organized. The transition is part of the larger shift taking place at both the national and global scales. The analysis focuses on the historical pattern of linkages and governance systems in the industry, and contrasts that pattern with that of the recent decade. Implicit in the previous two arguments are two territorial dimensions. First, the development of “industry produces regions" (Storper and Walker 1989). Second, at the intra-city level this means that the evolution of the industry (and specifically its linkage structure and governance systems) has a direct bearing on the direction and nature of the city’s growth. These two arguments are illustrated through empirical work in Mendoza, a city of close to a million people in western Argentina. Over 100 interviews gathered over ten months reveal the origins, evolution, and current form of linkages in the capital-goods industry. These interviews are complemented by data from a variety of sources. The main conclusions of the study are three. First, the study illustrates the richness and depth that emerges from a project based on substantial fieldwork. Second, it shows the advantages of conceiving industrialization not as the location of plants in response to favorable conditions, but as a process initiated by the firms themselves. Third, the dissertation shows that the capital-goods industry of Mendoza iS in a transitional phase towards new ways of organizing production. The transition is expressed in new linkage structures, new governance systems, and the emergence of new types of firms and institutional arrangements. / Ph. D.

生技產業乃二十一世紀的十大重要產業之第一位，而台灣雄厚電子產業的發展根基，非常適合發展生物科技領域中之醫療器材產業，而電子醫療器材產品與一般電子產品最大的不同處，在於產品開發期較長，尤其在驗證與確效上的作業最為繁複，往往臨床驗證所花費的資源比實際開發設計工作更多，除少數家用電子醫療器材產品外，皆具少量多樣之產品特性，以台灣在電子產業研發技術的實力，加上業界快速應變能力，公、私部門若能投入更多資源，則產業榮景可期。 基於產業特性之不同，歷年來有許多有關作業基礎成本制產業別適用性之研究，但卻少有對醫療器材產業之適用有深入的研究。因此本研究將經由個案實例，建構與導入作業基礎成本制度，確認作業基礎成本制度是否適用於醫療器材產業，並探討醫療器材產業研發部門導入作業基礎成本制度時之相關事項。 本研究擬以國內某一上市櫃之醫療電子廠商為研究對象，以個案研究之方式，探討以下主題: 1. 作業基礎成本制度是否適用於醫療器材產業。 2. 為個案公司研發管理流程建構作業基礎成本制度。 3. 經由建構與導入作業基礎成本制度嘗試分析找出最佳動因之方法與相關應注意事項。 4. 經由建構與導入作業基礎成本制度分析動因選定與資料收集效率之間的平衡取捨。 / Biotechnology is at the apex of the top-ten industries list of the 21st century. The profound foundation of electronics in Taiwan is suitable for the development of medical equipment industry in the field of biotechnology. Long product development time is the trait that separates electronic medical products from electronics (consumer, IT ,etc) , especially, the complicated and lengthy validation and certification process. The process of clinical testing consumes more resources in comparison to actual product development and design. Except for homecare device, medical equipment is small in volume and big in diversity. In addition to R&D capability and quick response to market, Taiwan’s electronics industry will be able to achieve more if additional resources are invested. Each industry is unique in its own way. There are many studies furnished on activity-based costing system of various industries ,but they are lacking for medical equipment industry. It is the attempt of this research to construct and introduce activity-based costing system with a case study in order to confirm whether the activity-based costing system is applicable for medical equipment industry and what the influences of activity-based costing system on medical equipment industry. 1. Whether the activity-based costing system is applicable for medical equipment industry or not? 2. Construct an activity-based costing system for R&D management procedure of the subject in this research. 3. Try to analyze and seek for the best driver by constructing and introducing an activity-based costing system. 4. Try to analyze the balance between driver selection and data collection efficiency by constructing and introducing an activity-based costing system.

Esta dissertação verificou as possibilidades de transferência de tecnologia do Departamento de Física e Matemática, da Faculdade de Medicina e da Faculdade de Odontologia, instalados no campus da Universidade de São Paulo em Ribeirão Preto, para o setor de equipamentos médicos hospitalares e odontológicos – EMHO. O método utilizado foi o estudo de multicasos, em que se pesquisou as unidades universitárias citadas, além de cinco empresas da região da mesma cidade que integram o referido setor. O foco da pesquisa recaiu sobre as entidades universitárias, mas também foram obtidas informações junto ao meio empresarial para que se pudesse extrair uma amostra do pensamento dessa classe quanto à universidade, no que se refere à transferência de tecnologia. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas em profundidade, tanto com os pesquisadores da USP quanto com os executivos das empresas. Concluiu-se que existem possibilidades de transferência de tecnologia das unidades universitárias pesquisadas para o setor de EMHO, contudo, existem muitos ajustes a serem efetuados, devido à grande quantidade de barreiras encontradas na cooperação universidade-empresa. Todavia, também foram observados diversos facilitadores no processo de interação entre a academia e as empresas desse setor; devem ser reforçados os facilitadores já existentes e implementada grande parte daqueles que foram sugeridos, no intuito de aumentar as possibilidades de realização do processo de transferência de tecnologia. / This thesis has verified the possibilities of technology transfer from the Department of Physics and Mathematics, the Medical School and the Dentistry School, located in the campus of USP in Ribeirão Preto, to the medical, hospital and odontologic equipment industry. The method applied was the multicase study, in which the university units were studied, as well as five companies in the vicinity of the same city which take part in the forementioned industry. The focus of the research laid in the university entities, but information was also obtained from the business environment, in order to extract a sample of the thought of this class, concerning the university with reference to technology transfer. The data was collected by means of in-depth interviews, with the researchers from USP, as well as with the companies executives. The conclusion was that there are possibilities of technology transfer from the studied university unities to the medical, hospital and odontologic equipment industry; however, there are a lot of adjustments to be made, due to the great quantity of barriers found in the university-industry cooperation. Nevertheless, a great number of facilitating factors were observed in the interaction process between academy and the companies of this industry; the existing facilitating factors should be reinforced and a great part of those ones which were suggested should be implemented, in order to increase the possibilities of carrying out the process of technology transfer.

The supplier relationship manager is one of the eight business processes of Supply chain management. There have been many researches carried out about the supply chain processes integration. However, a lack of theory has been noticed on the integration of the supplier relationship management process and no research has coped with a case study of the integration of this process between the manufacturer and its first upstream tier. The lack is also consequent when studying the obstacles to the supplier relationship management integration in Swedish construction equipment companies.

published_or_final_version / abstract / toc / Asian Studies / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

The objectives of this study were to validate the Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey (MBI-GS) and the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI), to determine the construct equivalence and item bias of these instruments for employees in an earthmoving equipment industry in South &ca of different language groups, to determine the correlation between the MBI-GS and the OLBI, and to investigate the relationship between burnout and various demographic characteristics. A random sample of 326 employees in an earthmoving equipment industry of eight provinces in South Africa was taken. The MBI-GS, the OLBI and a biographical questionnaire were used as measuring instruments. Cronbach alpha coefficients, inter-item correlation coefficients, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients and exploratory factor analysis were used to analyse the data The results showed that three factors of the MBI-GS and two factors of the OLBI exist for different language groups. Exploratory factor analysis with target rotations confirmed the construct equivalence of the three factors of the MBI-GS and the two factors for the OLBI for different language groups. No evidence was found for uniform or non-uniform bias of the items of the MBI-GS or the OLBI for different language groups. Results indicated that no differences with respect to levels of burnout exist between various demographic characteristics. Recommendations were made for further research. / Thesis (M.Com. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.