The purposes of this research are to explore the relationship between Internet addiction and cyber behaviors and to explore whether youths who are more addicted to Internet are easier to experience negative cyber behaviors. / <p>Examinier was late. We postponed our seminar. </p>

The purpose of this study was to examine how Dagens Nyheter uses frames when covering climate change between 1992-2018. Reports from IPCC has shown that the scientists has become more convinced over the years about the causes and effects of climate change. That makes it relevant to study if Dagens Nyheter has changed their coverage as media has the power to convey their content in many ways. This study uses framing theory which suggests that media can select some aspects of the reality, thus making them more salient in text. A quantitative content analysis was used on 550 articles, which answered to multiple questions in a coding-manual to see which frame, out of five, was used in that article. The five frames in the coding-manual was The responsibility frame, The conflict frame, The human interest frame, The economy/consequence frame and The ecology/science frame. The study showed that there were a wider spread of frames between 1992-1998, with The responsibility frame, The economy/consequence frame and The conflict frame most frequently present. However, 2000-2018 was dominated by The responsibility frame which means that the government is responsible, suggests solutions to the climate change or calls for urgent actions.

El Perú está ubicado en una zona sísmica alta debido a que se encuentra en el Cinturón de Fuego del Pacífico; en la cual, se produjeron varios eventos sísmicos de gran magnitud que generaron consecuencias catastróficas. Además de ello, hace más de 200 años no ocurre un terremoto cerca de la capital peruana. Por otro lado, los centros educativos deben servir como lugares de refugio ante cualquier catástrofe. Por ese motivo, es importante evaluar que módulos o pabellones escolares públicos son aptos para soportar un sismo importante. En base a ello, la presente tesis evalúa la vulnerabilidad sísmica mediante un método cualitativo, que fue usado en varios países para determinar la vulnerabilidad de las estructuras, y otro método cuantitativo, basado en la filosofía de la norma peruana sismoresistente E0.30. La metodología cualitativa, Índice de vulnerabilidad del FEMA P-154, emplea cartillas de evaluación visual rápida de la vulnerabilidad sísmica para cualquier edificación, en este caso instituciones educativas públicas, es muy útil al tener una data extensa. De la misma manera, la metodología cuantitativa evalúa según la distorsión los posibles efectos que puede tener una estructura después de un sismo severo. El distrito de Villa María del Triunfo fue seleccionado para emplear esta metodología por ser un lugar con poco mantenimiento de colegios y para mostrar que módulos o pabellones son seguros para que los pobladores de dicho lugar se refugien. / Peru is located in a high seismic zone due to the Pacific Ring of Fire; in which, several seismic events of great magnitude generated catastrophic consequences. In addition to this, more than 200 years ago doesn’t happen a mayor earthquake near the Peruvian capital. On the other hand, according to world politics, schools must serve as places of refuge to face any catastrophe. For this reason, it is important to evaluate which modules of public-school are able to withstand an important earthquake. Based on this, this thesis evaluates the seismic vulnerability by means of a qualitative method, which was used in several countries to determine the vulnerability of the structures, and another quantitative method, based on the philosophy of the norma peruana seismoresistente E0.30. The qualitative methodology, FEMA Vulnerability Index P-154, uses quick visual assessment sheets of seismic vulnerability for any building, in this case public educational institutions, is very efficient when a very extensive data is required. In the same way, the quantitative methodology evaluates, according to the distortion, the possible effects that a structure can suffer after a several earthquake. The district of Villa María del Triunfo was selected to use this methodology for being a place with little maintenance of schools and to show what modules or pavilions are safe for people to take refuge. / Tesis

<p>Abstract</p><p>Purpose/Aim: The purpose is to compare morning television in the swedish public service chanel SVT and the public service/comercial chanel TV4 in Sweden to find out what the difference is between them.</p><p>Material/Method: This essay focuses on one week of recorded morning television from SVT´s Gomorron Sverige and TV4´s Nyhetsmorgon. The method used is quantitative analysis.</p><p>Main results: This study has shown that morning television differs between public service television and comercial television in three aspects. It differs in content, flow and the presenters role to frame the program.</p>

<p>Abstract</p><p>Title Blogging.se – a study on the swedish blogosphere from a Habermasian public sphere-perspective (Bloggning.se – en studie av den svenska bloggsfären utifrån Habermas offentlighetsteori)</p><p>Author Anders Larsson</p><p>Aim To see whether or not weblogs (blogs) could be said to rejuvenate the public sphere, as it was first described and later re-evaluated by Jürgen Habermas.</p><p>Method A quantitative analysis of 733 randomly selected swedish weblogs has been done. This analysis set out to see what different categories of bloggers (difference in f.e. gender and age) wrote about, and whether or not these subject categories could be said to play a part in constituting and/or rejuvenating a public sphere.</p><p>Main results The main results of the quantitative study was that even though most blogs write about ‘private’ subjects, the most popular blogs, i.e. those who received the most comments or trackbacks, where the ones concerning society-centered subjects. Also, a significant effect of gender was discovered regarding what type of subject one tends to blog about. Women in general wrote about private matters, whereas men tended to write about society-centered subjects. This essay argues that the most important feature of the blogosphere is not that posts are written on society-centered subjects, subjects that might be considered “more important”. Instead, the focus should be on the fact that bloggers do produce media texts themselves, instead of being a passive recipient. The essay takes into account three key features of the public sphere, as described by Habermas:</p><p>inclusivity, the disregard of social status and that any issue can be raised for rational debate. It is found that although the blogosphere is not without its problems, one could very well argue that it better meets these key features than the original concept of the public sphere.</p><p>Length 55 pages</p><p>Course Media and communication studies D</p><p>Period Fall semester 2006</p><p>Tutor Lowe Hedman</p><p>Keywords Weblog, Blog, Jürgen Habermas, Quantitative method, Public sphere</p>

Abstract Purpose/Aim: The purpose is to compare morning television in the swedish public service chanel SVT and the public service/comercial chanel TV4 in Sweden to find out what the difference is between them. Material/Method: This essay focuses on one week of recorded morning television from SVT´s Gomorron Sverige and TV4´s Nyhetsmorgon. The method used is quantitative analysis. Main results: This study has shown that morning television differs between public service television and comercial television in three aspects. It differs in content, flow and the presenters role to frame the program.

Abstract Title Blogging.se – a study on the swedish blogosphere from a Habermasian public sphere-perspective (Bloggning.se – en studie av den svenska bloggsfären utifrån Habermas offentlighetsteori) Author Anders Larsson Aim To see whether or not weblogs (blogs) could be said to rejuvenate the public sphere, as it was first described and later re-evaluated by Jürgen Habermas. Method A quantitative analysis of 733 randomly selected swedish weblogs has been done. This analysis set out to see what different categories of bloggers (difference in f.e. gender and age) wrote about, and whether or not these subject categories could be said to play a part in constituting and/or rejuvenating a public sphere. Main results The main results of the quantitative study was that even though most blogs write about ‘private’ subjects, the most popular blogs, i.e. those who received the most comments or trackbacks, where the ones concerning society-centered subjects. Also, a significant effect of gender was discovered regarding what type of subject one tends to blog about. Women in general wrote about private matters, whereas men tended to write about society-centered subjects. This essay argues that the most important feature of the blogosphere is not that posts are written on society-centered subjects, subjects that might be considered “more important”. Instead, the focus should be on the fact that bloggers do produce media texts themselves, instead of being a passive recipient. The essay takes into account three key features of the public sphere, as described by Habermas: inclusivity, the disregard of social status and that any issue can be raised for rational debate. It is found that although the blogosphere is not without its problems, one could very well argue that it better meets these key features than the original concept of the public sphere. Length 55 pages Course Media and communication studies D Period Fall semester 2006 Tutor Lowe Hedman Keywords Weblog, Blog, Jürgen Habermas, Quantitative method, Public sphere

The purpose of this study was to examine the threats from climate change coverage in the media. The climate threats start to appear more frequently in the media and because of that it is important to examine what the media conveys to the viewers and readers since it may effect how people act when it comes to climate threats. In this study newspaper has been examined, more specifically daily press and evening press. The papers chosen was Aftonbladet and Expressen, which represented evening press, and Dagens Nyheter represented daily press. The method applied was both a quantitative and qualitative text analysis. With the quantitative method variables were formed and tested against the material. After that the result were analyzed qualitative to gain greater depth with the result. The theory used in this study is primarily framing but also agenda setting and news value are used. The variables were formed after the theories, which mainly focused on framing, and specific frames. The specific frames were: conflict frame, human interest frame, economic consequences frame, morality frame and responsibility frame. The result showed that the newspapers framed the issue pretty similar. All the newspapers used the conflict frame and the human interest frame the least. The responsibility frame was used often and the government was usually given the responsibility. The newspapers differ when it comes to morality frame and the economic consequences frame. The daily paper used the morality frame more often then the evening press and the evening press used the economic consequences frame more frequently, portraying the climate threat.

Bakgrund: Medellivslängden i Sverige ökar och äldre personer använder allt fler läkemedel. Med stigande ålder sker kroppsliga förändringar vilket ökar risken för läkemedelsbiverkningar/-interaktioner. Dessa läkemedelsrelaterade problem kan minska livskvaliteten för äldre personer men sjuksköterskor/distriktssköterskor kan med rätt kunskaper och genom att arbeta tvärprofessionellt bidra till att minska problemen. Syfte: Syftet var att studera hur sjuksköterskor och distriktssköterskor inom hemsjukvård uppfattar kunskaper om läkemedel samt det tvärprofessionella arbetet kring läkemedel. Metod: Studien hade en kvantitativ design och genomfördes som en enkätstudie riktad till sjuksköterskor/distriktssköterskor inom hemsjukvård. Data bearbetades med statistikprogrammet SPSS 22. För korrelationer användes Mann-Whitneys U-test, Wilcoxon´s rangsummetest och Spearman´s rangkorrelation. Resultat: Deltagarna ansåg att läkemedelskunskaper var viktiga men att det var svårt att identifiera läkemedelsrelaterade problem. Distriktssköterskorna kände sig säkrare på läkemedelsrelaterade frågor efter sin utbildning. Deltagarna ansåg att det fanns otillräckligt med tid avsatt med läkare och omvårdnadspersonal för att diskutera läkemedelsrelaterade frågor. De kände sig trygga med att omvårdnadspersonal tog kontakt vid läkemedelsrelaterade problem men upplevde att det var svårt att få tag på läkare tillräckligt snabbt. Konklusion: För att minska läkemedelsrelaterade problem inom hemsjukvården finns behov av ökade läkemedelskunskaper hos sjuksköterskor/distriktssköterskor samt ökat samarbete med läkare och omvårdnadspersonal. / Background: Average life span in Sweden is increasing and elderly use more and more medication. With age, alterations in body constitution take place, leading to an increased risk of adverse drug reactions. These drug related problems can decrease quality of life for elderly people but with right knowledge and by working multidisciplinary nurses/district nurses can decrease them. Aim: The aim was to study how nurses and district nurses within home nursing view drug knowledge and multidisciplinary work on drugs. Metod: A quantitative design was used and the study was conducted as a questionnaire survey, adressed to nurses/district nurses within home nursing. Data was analysed using the statistics software of SPSS 22. Mann-Whitneys U-test, Wilcoxon´s sign-rank test and Spearman´s rho were used to find statistical correlations. Results: The participants considered drug knowledge to be important but found it hard to identify drug related problems. The district nurses felt more secure in drug related issues after graduation. The participants considered that the amount of time scheduled with physicians and nursing assistants to discuss drug-related matters were insufficient. They felt confident in that nursing assistants would contact them in event of adverse drug reactions but stated it was hard to reach physicians quickly enough. Conclusion: To decrease drug related problems within home nursing there is need for increased drug knowledge amongst nurses/district nurses as well as an increased cooperation with physicians and nursing assistants.

Studies have highlighted the prevalence of sedentary behaviours in the university student population and have noted the significant potential for the promotion of physical activity in educational settings for young adults. Following the epidemiological procedure and ecological approach, the main purpose of this thesis focused on the university student population to review the previous research results by a systematic review method (first study), to compare the differences between UK and Taiwanese participants' and relevant effective variables by using a quantitative study method (second study), to have a deeper understanding of the Taiwanese university students' physical activity behaviours by using a qualitative study method (third study), then to evaluate the efficiency of designed interventions in university settings (fourth study). The whole thesis applied the ecological approach to classify the survey variables' effect to university students' physical activity behaviours. A total of 55 published papers were reviewed and majority of studies were conducted in the US using a cross-sectional design. Finding variables consistently related to university students physical activity level were female gender(-), attitude self-efficacy perceived barrier (-), family support (+), physical activity and sport history (+). These survey variables were more consistent in the literature and corresponded to previous adults' study. Some survey variables linked to university student were also found in the literature but still need more studies for this target population to come to a robust conclusion. Seven days recall design measurement and stage of changes survey for physical activity levels were more identified and have been more frequent using in the reviewed papers. Also, more studies on different ethnicity, environmental variables and intervention with different methodology such as qualitative study method are needed to enrich the knowledge of university's students' physical activity behaviours.