Where is the importance in uncovering a link between the economic position and level of familial dysfunction in the short stories of Ernest Hemingway and F. Scott Fitzgerald? Furthermore, in composing these findings, what does this information have to offer in terms of bringing different insights to the works of these two writers who have already received so much attention from critics? In reading and researching the short stories of Hemingway and Fitzgerald, I find that published criticism has not sufficiently examined the connection between economic position and familial dysfunction. Trying to understand the psychology behind the characters’ lives and their consequential actions, however, requires us to look at this connection. One can articulate the effects and results that economic circumstances have in relation to the characters’ familial duties and responsibilities. / Thesis / Master

Thesis (B.A.)--Haverford College, Dept. of English, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--Oregon State University, 2008. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 56-57). Also available on the World Wide Web.

The purpose of this thesis is to study the structure of the five major novels of Hemingway, excluding Torrents of Spring and Across the River and into the Trees. They are: The Sun also Rises; A Farewell to Arms; To Have and Have not; For Whom the Bell Tolls; and The Old Man and the Sea.

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Estudo analítico sobre os contos A Simple Enquiry, The Killers e Hills Like White Elephants de Ernest Hemingway. O trabalho visa a análise da narrativa desenvolvida pela ausência, fazendo relação com a figura de narrador de Walter Benjamin. / A critical analysis of A Simple Enquiry, The Killers and Hills Like White Elephants by Ernest Hemingway. This work encompasses an analysis of a narration style through the absence of information, relating it to the figure of the traditional narrator created by Walter Benjamin.

Med utgångspunkt i James Joyce definition av litterär epifani undersöker denna uppsats ögonblick avepifani i Ernest Hemingways första novellsamling In Our Time. Joyce definierade epifani som ettfenomen som plötsligt avslöjar ”the whatness of a thing”. Denna uppsats identifierar genom textnäraläsning sex dylika passager från fem olika noveller i In Our time. De prosalyriska vinjetterna mellannovellerna diskuteras i förhållande till hur de leder fram till, bygger upp och kontextualiserar deanalyserade ögonblicken av epifani. Meningen som uppstår fenomenologiskt i ögonblicken av epifaniundersöks därefter i uppsatsen. Uppsatsen argumenterar för att ögonblicken av epifani inte avslöjar enbestående religiös eller sekulär mening (eller sanning), snarare representerar de meningsfulla mentillfälliga insikter för de fiktiva karaktärerna. Denna subjektiva och bortflyende mening kopplasdärefter samman med metamodernismens syn på mening, såsom den definieras av van den Akker ochVermeulen. Slutligen argumenterar denna uppsats jag för att de fiktiva karaktärernas ständiga sökandeoch finnande av tillfällig mening korrelerar med den metamodernistiska synen på mening som någotflyktigt och omöjligt att verkligen nå (annat än i kortvariga ögonblick), detta samtidigt som sökandetav denna tillfälliga mening upplevs djupt meningsfull och eftersträvansvärd. Denna uppsats bidrarsålunda med nya insikter om vad ögonblick av epifani representerar i Hemingways tidigaförfattarskap. / Based on James Joyces definition of literary epiphany, this essay examines moments of epiphany inErnest Hemingways first collection of short stories: In Our Time. Joyce defined epiphany as aphenomenon that suddenly reveals “the whatness of a thing”. This essay identify and closely examinesix such passages from five different short stories in In Our Time. The vignettes between the shortstories are discussed in relation to how they lead up to, strengthen and contextualize the analyzedmoments of epiphany. The meaning that arises phenomenologically in the moments of epiphany arethen examined in the essay. The essay argue that the moments of epiphany do not reveal an enduringreligious or secular meaning (or truth), rather they represent meaningful but short-lived insights for thefictional characters. This subjective and transient meaning is connected to the metamodernist view ofmeaning as defined by van den Akker and Vermeulen. In conclusion this essay argue that the fictionalcharacters constant seeking and finding of transient meaning correlates with the metamodernist viewof meaning as something fleeting and impossible to truly attain (other then in brief moments), whilesimultaneously experiencing the search for such transient meaning as deeply meaningful and desirable.This essay thus contributes to new insights into what moments of epiphany represent in the earlyworks of Hemingway.

Martha Gellhorn and Ernest Hemingway met in Key West in 1937, married in 1941, and divorced in 1945. Gellhorn's work exhibits a strong influence from Hemingway's work, including collaboration on her work during their marriage. I will discuss three of her six novels: WMP (1934), Liana (1944), and Point of No Return (1948). The areas of influence that I will rely on in many ways follow the stages Harold Bloom outlines in Anxiety of Influence. Gellhorn's work exposes a stage of influence that Bloom does not describe-which I term collaborative. By looking at Hemingway's influence in Gellhorn's writing the difference between traditional literary influence and collaborative influence can be compared and analyzed, revealing the footprints left in a work by a collaborating author as opposed to simply an influential one.

Because Ernest Hemingway's four major novels are often referred to as tragedies, these novels are checked against Aristotle's criteria for tragedy. "The Sun Also Rises" is not an Aristotelian tragedy because the wounding of Jake Barnes precedes the events in the novel; it is, instead, an extended tragic epilogue. "A Farewell to Arms" is a modern anti-romantic tragedy of irony, a story of disillusionment which does not provide cathartic relief. The most nearly tragic in structure, "The Old Man and the Sea" does not provide a catharsis because Hemingway fails to arouse the necessary emotions. The most tragic of the four in effect, "For Whom the Bell Tolls" lacks the proper structure for tragedy, but is a tragic epical novel. Although all four of these books have elements of the Aristotelian tragedy, all are other types of tragedy.

Submitted by PPG Letras (letraspg@pucrs.br) on 2017-12-20T11:10:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Lu?s Roberto.pdf: 9089380 bytes, checksum: 1820432cb51ea104c3c9c4192f3ba499 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-12-26T16:47:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Lu?s Roberto.pdf: 9089380 bytes, checksum: 1820432cb51ea104c3c9c4192f3ba499 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-26T17:11:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Lu?s Roberto.pdf: 9089380 bytes, checksum: 1820432cb51ea104c3c9c4192f3ba499 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-21 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / This thesis retells and reinterprets, from a historic and literary point of view, the initial period (1922-1925) in which Ernest Hemingway lived in Paris and how he modeled his apprenticeship and forged a revolutionary style of writing prose. The main support of the thesis is the analysis of the recently published letters of the author: the first volume (2011), encompassing the years 1907-1922, and the second volume (2013), covering 1923?1925. The guiding question drives to the mechanisms that made possible Hemingway to consolidate himself as an artist and create a literary revolution. Furthermore, it aims to verify if Hemingway, in the letters, seemed to be the same brutal man whose image he wanted to cultivate. The structure of the thesis has three parts. The first part, ?The Pre-revolutionary Period?, is a sort of radiography of modernist Paris, when the city acted as a magnet for a international range of artists, creating a culture of cross-fertilisation. The theoretical pillars are Malcolm Bradbury's studies about Modernism and Antonio Candido's ideas on how a stimulating milieu helps literary creation. The second part is entitled "The Revolution" and corresponds to the core of the thesis. Using his letters as the primary source of information, the system of relation and literary exchange experienced by Hemingway is examined in detail. The third part, The Post-Revolutionary Period, investigates the posthumous book of ?fictional memories? Paris a Moveable Feast, showing its troubled composition. It?s also made a comparison between the first version (1964) and the restored edition (2009), including a number of never-before-published material. The Final Consideration confirms that Paris? cultural and literary ambiance transformed Hemingway and certifies that he was a complex man, far from his one-sided public image. / Cette th?se raconte et r?interpr?te, du point de vue historique et litt?raire, la p?riode initiale (1922-1925) o? Ernest Hemingway a v?cu ? Paris et comment il a fa?onn? sa formation et a invent? un style r?volutionnaire d'?crire en prose. La base de support de la th?se c?est l'analyse de la correspondance recueillie r?cemment publi?e de l'auteur: le premier volume (2011), couvrant les ann?es 1907-1922, et la deuxi?me (2013), se r?f?rant ? 1923-1925. La principale question de recherche porte sur les m?canismes qui ont permis ? Ernest Hemingway s??tablir comme artiste et faire une r?volution dans la litt?rature. En outre, il vise ? v?rifier si, dans les lettres, Hemingway a montr? ?tre le homme brutal dont l'image il voulait cultiver en public. La th?se est structur?e en trois parties. Dans "La p?riode pr?-r?volutionnaire", c?est fait un type de radiographie de Paris ? l??poque du modernism, quand la capitale fran?aise a attir? une gamme internationale d'artistes qui vivaient dans un r?gime d'influence mutuelle. Les piliers th?oriques sont les ?tudes de Malcolm Bradbury sur le modernisme et les id?es de Antonio Candido sur la fa?on dont un milieu stimulant contribue ? la cr?ation litt?raire. La deuxi?me partie, intitul?e ?La R?volution?, correspond ? l'?pine dorsale de la th?se. Sur la base de sa correspondance, le syst?me de relation et d'?change litt?raire v?cue par Hemingway est examin? en d?tail. La troisi?me partie, ?La p?riode post-r?volutionnaire," couvre le livre posthume de ?m?moires fictifs" Paris est une f?te, montrant comment la creation du text a ?te difficile. C?est fait aussi une comparaison entre la version publi?e en 1964 et la restored edition (2009), qui r?unit sept chapitres in?dits. Dans les Consid?rations Finales, il y a l?confirmation que l'ambiance culturelle et litt?raire de Paris a transform? Hemingway et la attestation que l'?crivain ?tait un ?tre humain beaucoup plus complexe que son image publique faisait supposer. / Essa tese reconta e reinterpreta, do ponto de vista hist?rico e liter?rio, o per?odo inicial (1922-1925) em que Ernest Hemingway morou em Paris e como ele amoldou sua forma??o e cunhou um estilo revolucion?rio de escrever prosa. A base de sustenta??o da tese ? a an?lise da rec?m-publicada correspond?ncia reunida do autor: o primeiro volume (2011), que abrange os anos de 1907-1922, e o segundo (2013), referente ao tri?nio 1923-1925. A quest?o norteadora enfoca os mecanismos que possibilitaram a Ernest Hemingway sedimentar-se como artista e promover uma revolu??o na literatura. Al?m disso, buscou-se verificar nas cartas se Hemingway foi o homem brutal cuja imagem fazia quest?o de cultivar em p?blico. A tese est? estruturada em tr?s partes. Em ?O per?odo pr?-revolucion?rio?, faz-se uma radiografia da Paris modernista, ?poca em que a capital francesa atra?a uma gama internacional de artistas, que conviviam num regime de influ?ncia m?tua. Os pilares te?ricos dessa parte s?o os estudos de Malcolm Bradbury sobre o modernismo e as ideias de Antonio Candido sobre como um meio social estimulante ajuda na cria??o liter?ria. A segunda parte, intitulada ?A revolu??o?, corresponde ao cerne da tese. Examina-se, de forma minuciosa, o sistema de rela??o e interc?mbio liter?rio vivenciado por Hemingway, tomando como base sua correspond?ncia. A terceira parte, ?O per?odo p?s-revolucion?rio?, aborda o livro p?stumo Paris ? uma festa, evidenciando a conturbada produ??o do texto e seu car?ter de ?mem?rias ficcionais?. Compara-se a vers?o lan?ada em 1964 com a restored edition (2009), que traz sete cap?tulos in?ditos. Nas Considera??es Finais, ratifica-se que Paris, pela ambienta??o cultural e liter?ria, representou um ponto de inflex?o para Hemingway e tamb?m se atesta que o escritor foi um ser humano muito mais complexo do que fazia supor sua imagem p?blica.