Édouard Glissant et Ernesto Sábato sont connus pour être a la fois des romanciers et des penseurs. Leur réflexion théorique qui porte principalement sur la langue, l’histoire et l’identité nourrit leur production romanesque et y trouve son lieu d’expression privilégie. Notre travail va porter essentiellement sur l’analyse des œuvres romanesques afin de mettre en relief les procèdes d’écriture tout en faisant référence aux écrits théoriques. En effet, le roman est l’un des lieux ou sont mis en œuvre les principes theoriques élaborés dans les essais, mais le roman constitue aussi un laboratoire d’écriture. Le questionnement sur la forme littéraire la plus apte a contenir l’idéologie des deux romanciers, qui sont a leur manière des écrivains engagés, est narrativise au sein de la fiction. L’analyse des stratégies discursives employées par les deux auteurs nous amènera vers des considérations sur le rôle de l’écrivain dans le processus de fondation d’une conscience nationale de son peuple. / Édouard Glissant and Ernesto Sábato are both well-known for their work as writers and philosophers. Their theoretical reflection, which analyses questions pertaining to language, history and identity, nourishes their novelistic production. In fact their novels mark the crossroads of theory and fiction. The latter are a forum for thought where the theoretical bases of their reflection are applied to reality. This perception of the novel as strictly related to their essay work leads us to consider the use of metafiction, a technique that encompasses both types of creation. The search for different metafiction strategies will allow us to analyze the construction of “guiding fictions”. At the same time, it will lead us to consider the role of a writer in the process of constructing a “national conscience” through literature.

<p dir="ltr">This dissertation explores the profound themes of evil, existential anguish, and faith in the narrative works of Argentine author Ernesto Sábato. Focusing on his trilogy—<i>El túnel</i>, <i>Sobre héroes y tumbas</i>, and <i>Abaddón el exterminador</i>—this study delves into the recurring motifs of violence, despair, and the metaphysical struggles faced by Sábato’s protagonists. The research presents a thematic analysis grounded in existential philosophy, religious studies, and psychoanalysis, engaging with critical theories such as Rudolf Otto’s <i>Mysterium Tremendum</i> and <i>Mysterium Fascinans</i>, as well as René Girard’s mimetic theory of desire and sacrifice. By examining the psychological and spiritual dimensions of Sábato’s characters, particularly their encounters with the numinous and the supernatural, this dissertation demonstrates how Sábato portrays the human condition as a constant tension between transcendence and destruction. Additionally, the work situates Sábato’s novels within the broader literary tradition of existentialism, drawing parallels to the works of Sartre, Camus, and Dostoevsky, while emphasizing Sábato’s unique synthesis of metaphysical and psychological concerns. Ultimately, this thesis aims to uncover how Sábato’s exploration of darkness and redemption reflects his broader philosophical inquiry into the nature of human suffering and the possibility of salvation in an increasingly secular world.</p><p><br></p>

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-08-17T11:18:25Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Amanda Alvarenga Fernandes Oliveira - 2018.pdf: 2590940 bytes, checksum: 94733999a015ffa389f4ded6114c9f8d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-08-17T11:31:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Amanda Alvarenga Fernandes Oliveira - 2018.pdf: 2590940 bytes, checksum: 94733999a015ffa389f4ded6114c9f8d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T11:31:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Amanda Alvarenga Fernandes Oliveira - 2018.pdf: 2590940 bytes, checksum: 94733999a015ffa389f4ded6114c9f8d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The modern man was betrayed by mathematical reason, in which he had deposited all his faith after turning his back on God and myths. This subject dominated nature and subjugated it to his wills and techniques, but lost in the middle of symbols and theorems, could not find answers to his anguishes and felt increasingly alone (although surrounded by all the other subjects of the world). Faced with this helplessness, emerged the Existentialist Philosophy of which the philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre constitutes the main disseminator. Giving to each man total freedom of action – as well as all sorts of consequences to each of his acts –, the primary objective of the Sartrean existentialism was to comfort this subject, putting he back in the center of himself. In this context (with the end of the two world wars, when the whole planet was trying to rise from the deeper abysses), Ernesto Sabato – who had dedicated himself to Physics for many years – found a chord to his afflictions in Literature, because he realized that only art possess a concrete language (which gives account of the concrete subject, a combination of reason and emotion, of light and shadows, past and present; the subject of History, for excellence). Sabato found in writing his way of action; using his intrinsic freedom, produced his literature as a mean of resisting the dehumanization of humanity. Therefore, we intend in this work (by Hermeneutical Philosophy as the method), to understand how the literature of Ernesto Sabato – his essays and novels – was constituted, and how it was inserted in his historical context. / O homem moderno viu-se traído pela razão matemática, na qual havia depositado toda sua fé após virar as costas a Deus e aos mitos. Este sujeito dominou a natureza e a subjugou às suas vontades e técnicas, porém, perdido em meio aos símbolos e teoremas, não conseguiu encontrar respostas para suas angústias e sentiu-se cada vez mais só (ainda que cercado por todos os outros sujeitos do mundo). Frente a este desamparo, emergiu a Filosofia Existencialista da qual o filósofo Jean-Paul Sartre constitui o principal divulgador. Atribuindo a cada homem total liberdade de ação – bem como toda sorte de consequências a cada um de seus atos –, o objetivo primordial do existencialismo sartreano foi o de confortar esse sujeito, recolocando-o ao centro de si mesmo. Neste contexto (findadas as duas grandes guerras mundiais, quando todo o planeta tentava se reerguer dos abismos mais profundos), Ernesto Sábato – que havia se dedicado à Física por muitos anos – encontrou acalanto para suas aflições na Literatura, pois percebeu ser a arte a única possuidora de uma linguagem concreta (que dá conta do sujeito concreto, mescla de razão e emoção, de luz e sombras, de passado e presente; o sujeito da História, por excelência). Sábato encontrou na escrita o seu meio de ação; utilizando-se de sua liberdade intrínseca, produziu sua literatura como um meio de resistir à desumanização da humanidade. Assim sendo, intencionamos neste trabalho (tendo por método a Filosofia Hermenêutica), perceber de que maneira a literatura de Ernesto Sábato – seus ensaios e romances – foi constituída, e como inseriu-se em seu contexto histórico.