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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Realiojo laiko sistemų veiksenos įvertinimas / Evaluation of Real Time System Behavior

Milinis, Tadas 06 June 2006 (has links)
Complexity and variety of systems that are working in real time mode need to be specified regarding all behavior conditions. The correctness of the specification, determines whether implemented system will supply conditions that were set. To ensure that specification of the described real-time system is correct, we have to do verification and validation of the specification. Traditional verification methods do not assure full real time system inspection. The main drawback, talking about them, is impossibility of system evaluation according time. In this paper a reachable states graph and its generating algorithms are described, while two time moments are compared using linear programming, Simplex method. Therefore, method for checking equivalent state in system behavioral pathway was suggested. Also, theoretical reasoning for creating computer applications, which automates generation of reachable states graph, is given. Reachable states graph fully evaluates real time system behavior.
2

Aplicação das escalas Bayley de desenvolvimento infantil II para avaliação do comportamento em crianças com carência nutricional / APPLICATION OF THE BAYLEY SCALES OF INFANTILE DEVELOPMENT FOR THE EVALUATION OF BEHAVIOR IN CHILDREN WITH NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES

Barbosa, Andréa Frizo de Carvalho 19 July 2004 (has links)
Carências nutricionais são ocorrências comuns em grande proporção de crianças do mundo e reconhecidamente um dos grandes problemas da saúde pública brasileira. Alguns estudos têm relatado que os escores mental e motor de crianças com carências nutricionais são mais baixos do que aqueles obtidos pelas crianças sem carências. As Escalas Bayley, publicadas pela primeira vez em 1969 e revisadas em 1993, constituem-se em instrumento adequado para a avaliação de crianças de um a quarenta e dois meses de idade, e são amplamente utilizadas em estudos que avaliam efeitos de carências nutricionais. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a aplicabilidade da Escala de Avaliação do Comportamento Infantil (BRS), uma das três escalas que constituem as Escalas Bayley, na avaliação de crianças de creche com carência nutricional. A amostra foi constituída por 50 crianças de ambos os sexos, com idades que variaram entre 7 e 41 meses, provenientes de duas creches filantrópicas do município de Ribeirão Preto – SP. Um grupo de 23 crianças com deficiência proteico-calórica ou de ferro, consideradas de leve a moderada, segundo o Z-score < +1, proposto pela OMS e níveis de hemoglobina acima de 8 mg/dL, foi comparado a outro de 27 crianças sem estas deficiências. Através da avaliação do comportamento foram obtidos índices referentes ao comportamento geral, o controle emocional, a atenção/exitabilidade, a orientação/engajamento e a qualidade motora das crianças. Tais índices são apresentados em forma de percentil, sendo possível, segundo Bayley (1993), a classificação em: comportamento dentro dos limites normais (índice ? percentil 26), ou seja, esperado para sua idade; comportamento questionável (índice entre o percentil 11 e o 25), que sugere possível prejuízo e merece maior investigação; e comportamento não-ótimo (índice ? percentil 10), que evidencia atraso ou prejuízo em uma ou mais áreas importantes. Os resultados obtidos revelaram que o grupo controle era de maior faixa etária (30 meses) que o grupo carente nutricional (23 meses), e que as crianças do grupo controle apresentavam um comportamento geral frente a situação de teste melhor que do que as crianças do grupo carente nutricional (p=0.03), principalmente no fator Orientação/Engajamento (p=0.01): Afeto positivo (p=0.03), Energia (p=0.005), Entusiasmo acerca das tarefas (p=0.04), Engajamento social (p=0.03); e nos itens Afeto negativo (p=0.04) e Movimento lento e atrasado (p=0.005). Estes resultados são consistentes com aqueles já apresentados na literatura, nos quais as crianças com carências nutricionais são descritas como menos ativas, mais inibidas e tímidas, menos responsivas, atentas, vocalizando e movimentando-se menos. Concluiu-se que os itens relacionados à avaliação comportamental, aplicados e cotados como proposto originalmente, foram sensíveis para diferenciar grupos com e sem alterações nutricionais leves ou moderadas, embora as Escalas Bayley do Desenvolvimento Infantil requeiram ainda adaptação às condições sociais e culturais brasileiras. Tais resultados sugerem ainda que esta escala pode ser útil em outras condições clínicas, assim como para a avaliação do desempenho de grupos pós procedimentos de recuperação nutricional. / Nutritional deficiencies are common occurrences among a large proportion of children all over the world and are recognized to be one of the great public health problems in Brazil. Some studies have reported that the mental and motor scores of children with nutritional deficiencies are lower than those of children with no deficiencies. The Bayley Scales, first published in 1969 and revised in 1993, are an appropriate instrument for the evaluation of children aged one to forty months and are widely used in studies that evaluate the effects of nutritional deficiencies. Thus, the objective of the present study was to determine the applicability of the Behavioral Rating Scale (BRS), one of the three scales forming the Bayley Scales, for the evaluation of day-care center children with nutritional deficiencies. The sample consisted of 50 children of both sexes aged 7 to 41 months, from two philanthropic day-care centers in the municipality of Ribeirão Preto – SP. A group of 23 children with protein-calorie or iron deficiency considered to be mild to moderate according to a Z-score < +1 proposed by the WHO and with hemoglobin levels above 8 mg/dL, was compared to a group of children without these deficiencies. Indices referring to general behavior, emotional control, attention/excitability, orientation/engagement, and motor quality of the children were obtained by behavioral evaluation. These indices are presented in percentile form and, according to Bayley (1993), it is possible to classify them as behavior within normal limits (index ? 26th percentile), i.e., expected for age, questionable behavior (index between the 11th and 25th percentile), suggesting possible impairment and requiring more investigation, and non-optimal behavior (index ? 10th percentile), which demonstrates delay or impairment in one or more important areas. The results obtained revealed that the control group was in an older age range (30 months) than the group with nutritional deficiency (23 months), and that the children in the control group presented a better general behavior in the test situation than the children in the group with nutritional deficiency (p=0.03), especially regarding the Orientation/Engagement factor (p=0.01): Positive affect (p=0.03), Energy (p=0.005), Enthusiasm about tasks (p=0.04), Social engagement (p=0.03); and in the items Negative affect (p=0.04) and Slow and delayed movement (p=0.005). These results are consistent with those reported in literature studies in which children with nutritional deficiencies are described as less active, more inhibited and shy, less responsive and attentive, and vocalizing and moving less. We conclude that the items related to behavioral evaluation, applied and scored as originally proposed, were sensitive in differentiating between groups with and without mild or moderate nutritional alterations, although the Bayley Scales for Childhood Development still require adaptation to the Brazilian social and cultural conditions. These results also suggest that this scale can be useful for other clinical conditions and for the evaluation of performance of groups submitted to procedures or nutritional recovery.
3

The influence of social labelings on the self-esteem of delinquent girls : a reflection on social work dilemmas with social deviants /

Ng, Yuk-yee, Jessie. January 1985 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.W.)--University of Hong Kong, 1985.
4

Aplicação das escalas Bayley de desenvolvimento infantil II para avaliação do comportamento em crianças com carência nutricional / APPLICATION OF THE BAYLEY SCALES OF INFANTILE DEVELOPMENT FOR THE EVALUATION OF BEHAVIOR IN CHILDREN WITH NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES

Andréa Frizo de Carvalho Barbosa 19 July 2004 (has links)
Carências nutricionais são ocorrências comuns em grande proporção de crianças do mundo e reconhecidamente um dos grandes problemas da saúde pública brasileira. Alguns estudos têm relatado que os escores mental e motor de crianças com carências nutricionais são mais baixos do que aqueles obtidos pelas crianças sem carências. As Escalas Bayley, publicadas pela primeira vez em 1969 e revisadas em 1993, constituem-se em instrumento adequado para a avaliação de crianças de um a quarenta e dois meses de idade, e são amplamente utilizadas em estudos que avaliam efeitos de carências nutricionais. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a aplicabilidade da Escala de Avaliação do Comportamento Infantil (BRS), uma das três escalas que constituem as Escalas Bayley, na avaliação de crianças de creche com carência nutricional. A amostra foi constituída por 50 crianças de ambos os sexos, com idades que variaram entre 7 e 41 meses, provenientes de duas creches filantrópicas do município de Ribeirão Preto – SP. Um grupo de 23 crianças com deficiência proteico-calórica ou de ferro, consideradas de leve a moderada, segundo o Z-score < +1, proposto pela OMS e níveis de hemoglobina acima de 8 mg/dL, foi comparado a outro de 27 crianças sem estas deficiências. Através da avaliação do comportamento foram obtidos índices referentes ao comportamento geral, o controle emocional, a atenção/exitabilidade, a orientação/engajamento e a qualidade motora das crianças. Tais índices são apresentados em forma de percentil, sendo possível, segundo Bayley (1993), a classificação em: comportamento dentro dos limites normais (índice ? percentil 26), ou seja, esperado para sua idade; comportamento questionável (índice entre o percentil 11 e o 25), que sugere possível prejuízo e merece maior investigação; e comportamento não-ótimo (índice ? percentil 10), que evidencia atraso ou prejuízo em uma ou mais áreas importantes. Os resultados obtidos revelaram que o grupo controle era de maior faixa etária (30 meses) que o grupo carente nutricional (23 meses), e que as crianças do grupo controle apresentavam um comportamento geral frente a situação de teste melhor que do que as crianças do grupo carente nutricional (p=0.03), principalmente no fator Orientação/Engajamento (p=0.01): Afeto positivo (p=0.03), Energia (p=0.005), Entusiasmo acerca das tarefas (p=0.04), Engajamento social (p=0.03); e nos itens Afeto negativo (p=0.04) e Movimento lento e atrasado (p=0.005). Estes resultados são consistentes com aqueles já apresentados na literatura, nos quais as crianças com carências nutricionais são descritas como menos ativas, mais inibidas e tímidas, menos responsivas, atentas, vocalizando e movimentando-se menos. Concluiu-se que os itens relacionados à avaliação comportamental, aplicados e cotados como proposto originalmente, foram sensíveis para diferenciar grupos com e sem alterações nutricionais leves ou moderadas, embora as Escalas Bayley do Desenvolvimento Infantil requeiram ainda adaptação às condições sociais e culturais brasileiras. Tais resultados sugerem ainda que esta escala pode ser útil em outras condições clínicas, assim como para a avaliação do desempenho de grupos pós procedimentos de recuperação nutricional. / Nutritional deficiencies are common occurrences among a large proportion of children all over the world and are recognized to be one of the great public health problems in Brazil. Some studies have reported that the mental and motor scores of children with nutritional deficiencies are lower than those of children with no deficiencies. The Bayley Scales, first published in 1969 and revised in 1993, are an appropriate instrument for the evaluation of children aged one to forty months and are widely used in studies that evaluate the effects of nutritional deficiencies. Thus, the objective of the present study was to determine the applicability of the Behavioral Rating Scale (BRS), one of the three scales forming the Bayley Scales, for the evaluation of day-care center children with nutritional deficiencies. The sample consisted of 50 children of both sexes aged 7 to 41 months, from two philanthropic day-care centers in the municipality of Ribeirão Preto – SP. A group of 23 children with protein-calorie or iron deficiency considered to be mild to moderate according to a Z-score < +1 proposed by the WHO and with hemoglobin levels above 8 mg/dL, was compared to a group of children without these deficiencies. Indices referring to general behavior, emotional control, attention/excitability, orientation/engagement, and motor quality of the children were obtained by behavioral evaluation. These indices are presented in percentile form and, according to Bayley (1993), it is possible to classify them as behavior within normal limits (index ? 26th percentile), i.e., expected for age, questionable behavior (index between the 11th and 25th percentile), suggesting possible impairment and requiring more investigation, and non-optimal behavior (index ? 10th percentile), which demonstrates delay or impairment in one or more important areas. The results obtained revealed that the control group was in an older age range (30 months) than the group with nutritional deficiency (23 months), and that the children in the control group presented a better general behavior in the test situation than the children in the group with nutritional deficiency (p=0.03), especially regarding the Orientation/Engagement factor (p=0.01): Positive affect (p=0.03), Energy (p=0.005), Enthusiasm about tasks (p=0.04), Social engagement (p=0.03); and in the items Negative affect (p=0.04) and Slow and delayed movement (p=0.005). These results are consistent with those reported in literature studies in which children with nutritional deficiencies are described as less active, more inhibited and shy, less responsive and attentive, and vocalizing and moving less. We conclude that the items related to behavioral evaluation, applied and scored as originally proposed, were sensitive in differentiating between groups with and without mild or moderate nutritional alterations, although the Bayley Scales for Childhood Development still require adaptation to the Brazilian social and cultural conditions. These results also suggest that this scale can be useful for other clinical conditions and for the evaluation of performance of groups submitted to procedures or nutritional recovery.
5

The Effects of Temperature on Judgment and Behavior in the Contexts of Jurisdiction, Retail, and Services

Kolb, Peter Markus 12 September 2012 (has links)
Warum verwenden wir Wörter, die mit physikalischer Temperatur zu tun haben, zur Beschreibung zwischenmenschlicher Phänomene (wie zum Beispiel “eine warmherzige Person” oder “jemandem die kalte Schulter zeigen”)? Jüngere Forschung im Bereich Embodied Cognition hat in aktuellen Publikationen eine Antwort auf diese Frage geliefert: Das Erleben von physikalischer Wärme wird unbewusst mit Gefühlen interpersonaler Wärme assoziiert; physikalische Kälte hingegen wird mit Gefühlen von interpersonaler Kälte und Einsamkeit verbunden. In diesem Zusammenhang konnten beispielsweise Williams und Bargh (2008) zeigen, dass bereits das kurzzeitige Halten einer Tasse mit heißem Kaffe (verglichen mit einer Tasse Eiskaffee) dazu führt, dass die Persönlichkeit einer Zielperson als wärmer (d.h. großzügiger und fürsorglicher) eingeschätzt wird. Diese unbewusste Assoziation hat weitreichende Konsequenzen für das Urteilen und Handeln von Menschen. Die vorliegende Arbeit zielt darauf ab zu klären, ob und wie Temperatur menschliches Urteilen und Verhalten in verschiedenen Kontexten beeinflusst. Desweiteren sollen zugrundeliegende Prozesse (Mediatoren) sowie weitere Rahmenbedingungen (Moderatoren) untersucht werden. Insgesamt wurden drei Versuchsreihen in drei angewandten Kontexten durchgeführt (Rechtsprechung, Verkauf und Dienstleistungen). Diese Bereiche stehen exemplarisch für eine große Anzahl von Situationen, in denen Temperatur das Urteilen und Handeln von Menschen beeinflussen kann (insbesondere alle Situationen, in denen Menschen sich gegenseitig wahrnehmen und miteinander interagieren). Zur Manipulation von Temperatur wurden verschiedene Methoden angewandt. Dies umfasste sowohl semantische Temperaturprimings als auch die systematische Variation der Raumtemperatur. Dabei wurde die Raumtemperatur unter Berücksichtigung bauphysikalischer Gesichtspunkte erfasst und innerhalb einer Komfortzone manipuliert. Die Ergebnisse aus allen Experimenten der vorliegenden Forschungsarbeit zeigen, dass Temperatur das Urteilen und Handeln von Menschen entscheidend beeinflussen kann. Ergebnisse aus dem ersten Laborexperiment (Kontext Rechtsprechung) legen nahe, dass die Beurteilung von Verbrechern signifikant von der Raumtemperatur, die innerhalb einer Komfortzone manipuliert wurde, beeinflusst wird: In einem kühlen Raum wurden Verbrecher als kaltblütiger eingeschätzt, während sie in einem warmen Raum als hitzköpfiger eingestuft wurden. In diesem Zusammenhang schrieben die Teilnehmer bei niedriger Raumtemperatur Verbrechern mit einer höheren Wahrscheinlichkeit Kalkülverbrechen, mehr Morde und schwerere Verbrechen, die mit längeren Gefängnisstrafen verbunden sind, zu (verglichen mit Teilnehmern bei mittlerer und hoher Raumtemperatur). Bei hoher Raumtemperatur hingegen hielten es die Teilnehmehmenden für wahrscheinlicher, dass die Verbrecher ein Affektverbrechen begangen haben (verglichen mit den anderen beiden Bedingungen). Diese Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Temperatur attributionale Prozesse beeinflusst. In der zweiten Versuchsreihe (Kontext Verkauf) gaben die Teilnehmer bei niedriger Raumtemperatur positivere Konsumentenurteile gegenüber Produkten und Verkaufspersonal ab (im Vergleich zu Teilnehmenden bei mittlerer und hoher Raumtemperatur). Zudem zeigten sie positivere Verhaltenstendenzen gegenüber Produkten und Verkäufer/innen (z.B. eine höhere Kaufwahrscheinlichkeit und eine höhere Bereitschaft, mit Verkaufspersonal ein Beratungsgespräch zu beginnen). Überdies steigerte in einer weiteren Studie ein semantisches Kältepriming den Drang der Teilnehmer, umgehend einen Einkauf zu tätigen (verglichen mit einem Priming von Wärme und einer Kontrollbedingung). In der dritten Versuchsreihe (Kontext Dienstleistungen) zeigten Personen in einem umfassenden Dienstleistungsszenario bei niedrigen Raumtemperaturen (im Vergleich zu hohen Temperaturen) eine höhere Kundenorientierung – sowohl in kritischen Service-Szenarien als auch in einem Selbstberichtsmaß. Zudem vergaben sie Kunden signfikant höhere Rabatte. Dieser Effekt wurde auch in einer Stichprobe mit erfahrenen Dienstleistern bestätigt, die nach einem semantischen Temperaturpriming eine höhere Kundenorientierung in der Kaltbedingung (im Vergleich zur Warm- und Kontrollbedingung) angaben. Mithilfe dieses Experiments konnte zudem aufgezeigt werden, dass die gefundenen Effekte unabhängig von menschlicher Routine, Erfahrung und individuellem Wissensstand stattfinden. Die vorliegende Forschungsarbeit konnte als erste in der Embodied Cognition-Forschung einen Mediationseffekt zwischen Temperatur und Verhaltensvariablen (im Kontext von Konsumentenverhalten) nachweisen. Niedrige Temperaturen führen demnach zu einem erhöhten Anschlussmotiv. Dies wirkt sich wiederum auf das Verhalten von Konsumenten aus (z.B. durch eine höhere Bereitschaft, mit einem/r Verkäufer/in in Interaktion zu treten oder etwas zu kaufen.) Zudem zeigt die vorliegende Arbeit als Erste in diesem Forschungszweig einen Moderationseffekt: In der dritten Versuchsreihe konnte in einer Moderationsanalyse bestätigt werden, dass die Verträglichkeit der Teilnehmenden den Einfluss von Temperatur auf die Gewährung von Kundenrabatten moderierte. Auf diese Weise liefert die Arbeit nicht nur in verschiedenen Kontexten Erkenntnisse über die Tragweite von Temperatureffekten auf menschliches Urteilen und Handeln – sie gewährt auch wertvolle Einblicke in die zugrundeliegenden Faktoren und Rahmenbedingungen von Temperatureffekten. Abschließend werden die Ergebnisse vor dem Hintergrund theoretischer und praktischer Gesichtspunkte diskutiert sowie künftige Forschungsthemen abgeleitet.:I. Introduction 1. The Effects of Temperature on Judgment and Behavior 1.1 Temperature Research Over the Past Decades 1.2 Temperature and Embodied Cognition 1.3 Need for Research 2. Aims of the Thesis 3. Theses and Outline of Own Research 3.1 Theses of the Present Research 3.2 Thesis 1: Effects of Comfortable Temperatures on Human Judgment 3.3 Thesis 2: Underlying Mechanisms and an Alternative Method of Manipulation 3.4 Thesis 3: Boundary Conditions and Temperature Effects on Professionals II. Research of the Present Thesis 1. Manuscript I: Hot-headed or Cold-blooded? The Effects of Comfortable Temperatures on Human Judgment 2. Manuscript II: To Buy or Not to Buy? The Underlying Mechanisms and Alternative Manipulations of Temperature Effects 3. Manuscript III: Best Served Cold? Boundary Conditions and Temperature Effects on Professionals III. Overall Summary and Conclusions 1. Summary of Overall Results 2. Suggestions for Future Research 3. Implications for the Applied Context References Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C Eidesstattliche Erklärung Curriculum Vitae Publikationen

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