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Denna uppsats handlar om bedömningar i Matematik A på gymnasiet. En empirisk undersökning i form av enkät och intervjuer har gjorts för att få inblick i hur gymnasielärare i matematik tänker kring och använder för typer av bedömningar. Uppsatsen behandlar vilka faktorer som kan påverka lärares val av bedömningsform samt vad lärare värderar vid betygsättning. Utifrån styrdokumenten framgår tydligt att lärare ska göra en allsidig bedömning av elevens kunskap, där eleven får visa på både muntliga och skriftliga matematiska resonemang. Skolan ska även sträva mot att eleven ska få visa dessa resonemang både enskilt och i grupp. För att få en bild av verkligheten gjordes denna studie där 36 lärare deltog i enkätundersökningen, varav fyra av dessa intervjuades. Resultatet visar att den dominerande bedömningsformen, som lärarna i enkäten använder, är skriftliga prov och andra skriftliga uppgifter, men det förekom även lärare som varierade sin bedömning mycket. Vid betygsättning är det skriftliga prov och det nationella provet som värderas mest av majoriteten, medan minoriteten värderade olika bedömningsformer lika mycket. Intervjuerna indikerade att det kan finnas en del faktorer som påverkar vilka typer av bedömningar som lärare använder.

SANTRAUKA Monika Ramažauskaitė Lietuvos Respublikos Švietimo sistemos optimizavimo problemos: Šiaulių miesto atvejis. Magistro darbas. Magistro darbo tikslas – ištirti Šiaulių miesto vidurinėse mokyklose kylančias Lietuvos Respublikos Švietimo sistemos problemas, susijusias su diferencijuoto mokymo metodu, profiliuotu mokymu ir Pagrindinio ugdymo pasiekimų patikros bei brandos egzaminų organizavimo ir vykdymo tvarkos nuolatine kaita. Atlikus tyrimo rezultatų analizę buvo nustatyti diferencijuoto mokymo metodo taikymo privalumai, profiliuoto mokymo trūkumai ir Pagrindinio ugdymo pasiekimų patikros bei brandos egzaminų organizavimo ir vykdymo tvarkos nuolatinės kaitos poveikis 10-12 klasių moksleiviams. Tyrimas taikytinas rengiant seminarus, paskaitas švietimo skyriaus specialistams, mokyklos vadovams bei ten dirbantiems pedagogams. / SUMMARY Monika Ramažauskaitė Optimization Problems of the Educational System in the Republic of Lithuania: The Šiauliai City Case. Master's work. The objective of the master's work is to analyze the Educational system problems of the Republic of Lithuania arising in the secondary schools of the Šiauliai City. These problems are related to the method of the differentiated teaching, the profiled teaching and the constant changes in the procedures of organizing the maturity examinations and the examinations of the basic achievements in education. After accomplishing the analysis of the research results the advantages of using the differentiated teaching method were found as well as disadvantages of the profiled teaching. The influence of the constant changes in the procedures of organizing the maturity examinations and the examinations of the basic achievements in education on the 10-12 form students were also defined. The research may be used while organizing seminars, lectures for the specialists working in the Department of Education, for the heads of schools and also for the teachers working at schools.

No description available.

Defects in Aluminum, Stainless steel and galvanized steel sheets are studied in reflection mode infrared thermography. The effect of material properties, surface finish, heating intensity, heater emission spectra, pixel size and defect size are studied. Contrast is governed by heat quality, emissivity and defect geometry—which follows a logarithmic trend. The diameter detected via infrared thermography is found to be at least 30% larger than the measured diameter and sub-pixel defects can be detected. The use of gradient and Laplacian of temperature is introduced as a means of increasing defect contrast and mitigating heater variation.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the construct validity of the eight subscales of the Cambridge Cognitive Examination (CAMCOG). A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to determine if the subscales of the CAMCOG, as proposed by its authors (Roth et al., 1986), were able to adequately describe the total set of relations among the set of individual scale items.The subjects consisted of 224 male and female individuals obtained through a study to examine the validity of the CAMCOG on a United States population. The subjects were divided into two separate groups: those diagnosed as having a dementing illness and a normal comparison group. The CAMCOG was administered to each subject as a measure of neuropsychological functioning by a trained professional or paraprofessional.Two models were established a priori for the confirmatory factor analysis. The first model was based on the theory of Roth et al. (1986) which suggested there are eight factors within the CAMCOG. The second model was developed as a one-factor solution and was based on the present author's theory that the CAMCOG is a general measure of brain impairment and that all data would be best explained by one common factor. Maximum likelihood estimates were calculated using LISREL VII (Joreskog & Sorbom, 1989).The results of the study suggest that the eight-factor model of the CAMCOG proposed by its authors (Roth et al., 1986) provided a significantly better explanation of the data than did the one factor model proposed by the author of this study. However, neither one of the models postulated was found to adequately describe the covariance of the obtained data. Accordingly, the validity of the constructs of the CAMCOG as proposed by Roth et al. (1986) is considered to be questionable. Suggestions for further research are presented. / Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services

Die Qualität von Lehre an Hochschulen ist durch die hohe Wirkungskraft von Prüfungen eng mit der Qualität von Prüfungen verbunden. Schriftliche Prüfungen können sehr verschieden ausgestaltet sein und Lehrende können sie über ganz unterschiedliche Wege erstellen. Eine Applikation, die zum Erreichen von pädagogisch-didaktischen sowie formalen Qualitätszielen bei schriftlichen Prüfungen beitragen will, muss diese unterschiedlichen Formen und Vorgehensweisen berücksichtigen. In diesem Beitrag wird anhand von ausgewählten Benutzersichten und Arbeitsschritten aufgezeigt, wie dies durch eine in der Entwicklung befindliche Applikation für das Erstellen von schriftlichen Prüfungen erreicht werden soll.

A growing body of research suggests that cross-examination may be detrimental to the accuracy of children�s event reports. The primary goal of the present research was to investigate three specific ways in which the negative effect of cross-examination could be reduced. Experiment 1 examined the effect of reducing the delay between the collection of the primary evidence and cross-examination. Five- and 6-year-old children (N = 76) took part in a staged event and were interviewed 1 to 2 days later. In this interview, children were asked to recall everything they could remember about the event. Children were then asked specific yes/no questions. Next, either 1 to 3 days or 8 months later, all children were interviewed for a second time in a cross-examination format. The 8-month delay was equivalent to the average delay experienced by children in New Zealand courts (Lash, 1995). The aim of the cross-examination interview was to talk the children out of their original responses, irrespective of the accuracy of their original account. Cross-examination questioning had a significant negative effect on the accuracy of children�s reports, regardless of timing. That is, children cross-examined soon after the memory event performed no better than those who were cross-examined after an 8-month delay. Furthermore, one week after cross-examination, children were interviewed again. The purpose of this interview was to establish whether children actually believed the responses they had given during cross-examination. During this interview, many children reversed what they had said during cross-examination, indicating that the responses they had given during cross-examination were due primarily to compliance to authority. Given the finding that compliance to authority played a significant role in children�s cross-examination performance in Experiment 1, Experiment 2 addressed whether a pre-interview intervention aimed to decrease compliance would reduce the negative impact of cross-examination. Five- and 6-year-old children (n = 59) and 9- and 10-year-old children (n = 62) participated in the same staged event and were interviewed for their primary evidence as in Experiment 1. Prior to the cross-examination interview, however, some children were warned that the interviewer might ask some questions which were tricky and that it was okay to tell her that she was wrong. Warning children prior to the cross-examination interview did not reduce the negative impact of cross-examination for either age group, even when the warning was delivered by the cross-examining interviewer. Experiment 3 addressed whether a more intensive pre-interview intervention could reduce the negative impact of cross-examination. Using the same experimental procedures as Experiment 2, half of the 5- and 6-year-old children (n = 77) and 9- and 10-year-old children (n = 87) received a practice and feedback session with cross-examination type questions prior to the target interview. While cross-examination still resulted in a decrease in children�s accuracy, children in the preparation condition performed significantly better than the control children. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that the negative effect of cross-examination is highly robust and that compliance appears to be the underlying mechanism responsible for this. A practice and feedback session targeting the factors that contribute to compliance reduced, but did not eliminate, the negative effect of this questioning style. Therefore, children�s accuracy may be facilitated to some extent by cross-examination preparation prior to testifying.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Linköpings universitet, 2007. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (M. Mus. (Mus. Ed.)--University of Sydney, 2006. / Title from title screen (viewed 19 March 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Music (Music Education) to the Sydney Conservatorium of Music. Includes bibliographical references. Also issued in print format.