As zeólitas sintéticas contendo terras raras (TR) são os componentes principais de catalisadores FCC (Fluid Catalytic Cracking) empregados no craqueamento do petróleo e a porcentagem de TR nestes catalisadores pode chegar a 5%. As TR são adicionadas às zeólitas tipo Y para melhorar sua estabilidade térmica e hidrotérmica durante o processo de refino do petróleo. A produção brasileira destes catalisadores está em torno de 25 mil toneladas por ano, necessitando, para tanto, de 900 toneladas de óxido de lantânio no mesmo período. Atualmente, a China é responsável por 90% da produção e comercialização mundial das TR. Desde 2010, a China controla os preços das mesmas (ao final de 2011 chegou a elevar o preço do lantânio em mais de 20 vezes), bem como reduziu substancialmente sua cota de exportação. É nesse contexto que surge a necessidade da reciclagem de materiais que possuem TR em sua constituição, como é o caso dos catalisadores FCC provenientes do craqueamento do petróleo. Outra fonte que merece destaque, tendo sido igualmente explorada neste trabalho, é os pós-fosfóricos responsáveis por gerar a luz branca em lâmpadas fluorescentes. Atualmente a Rhodia, do grupo Solvay, já iniciou a recuperação das TR em pós-fosfóricos. As principais TR utilizadas em lâmpadas fluorescentes são La, Ce, Eu, Tb e Y, encontrados nos compostos Y2O3:Eu3+, BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+ e LaPO4:Ce3+,Tb3+. Os elementos Eu, Tb e Y têm alto valor agregado, representando de 5 a 20% em massa dos pós-fosfóricos. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver uma metodologia economicamente viável e, sobretudo, com baixa utilização e produção de substâncias perigosas para a separação e recuperação de íons de TR contidos na zeólita tipo Y, componente dos catalisadores FCC desativados, previamente empregados no craqueamento de petróleo, bem como em lâmpadas fluorescentes. Inicialmente, realizou-se a caracterização preliminar dos componentes dos catalisadores FCC desativados. Posteriormente, buscou-se o desenvolvimento de metodologias de separação química para obtenção dos elementos de TR e caracterização dos mesmos por diversas técnicas, tais como espectroscopia de fotoluminescência, fluorescência de Raios-X, titulometria de complexação, microscopia eletrônica de varredura e espectroscopia de infravermelho / Synthetic zeolites containing rare earths (RE) are the major components of FCC (Fluid Catalytic Cracking) catalysts used in petroleum cracking, where the percentage of such elements is about 5%. RE ions improve the thermal and hydrothermal stability of zeolites-Y during the petroleum refining process. The Brazilian production of these catalysts is around 25 thousand tons per year, requiring 900 tons of lanthanum oxide in the same period. Currently, China is responsible for 90% of the world production and market of RE. Since 2010, China controls the prices of RE elements and substantially reduced the exportation quota. For instance, by the end of 2011 the price of lanthanum was risen by more than 20 times. In this context, the search for recycling materials that have rare earths in their constitution becomes crucial, as is the case of the FCC catalysts from the cracking of petroleum. Another source that deserves significant attention is the phosphoric powders that generate white light in fluorescent lamps, which were also investigated in this work. Rhodia from the Solvay group has already begun the recovery of rare earths in phosphoric powders. The main RE used in fluorescent lamps are La, Ce, Eu, Tb and Y, which occur as Y2O3: Eu3+, BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+ and LaPO4:Ce3+, Tb3+. Eu, Tb and Y are high-value elements, representing by 5 20% of the total mass of phosphoric powders. Therefore, the aim of this work was to develop economically feasible and environmental friendly methodologies for the separation and recovery of RE ions from zeolite-Yin deactivated FCC catalysts and from fluorescent lamp phosphors. To this end, we firstly performed a preliminary characterization of the components of deactivated FCC catalysts. The following steps comprised the development of chemical separation methodologies to obtain rare earth elements and their characterization by several techniques such as photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence, complexation titration, scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy

As zeólitas sintéticas contendo terras raras (TR) são os componentes principais de catalisadores FCC (Fluid Catalytic Cracking) empregados no craqueamento do petróleo e a porcentagem de TR nestes catalisadores pode chegar a 5%. As TR são adicionadas às zeólitas tipo Y para melhorar sua estabilidade térmica e hidrotérmica durante o processo de refino do petróleo. A produção brasileira destes catalisadores está em torno de 25 mil toneladas por ano, necessitando, para tanto, de 900 toneladas de óxido de lantânio no mesmo período. Atualmente, a China é responsável por 90% da produção e comercialização mundial das TR. Desde 2010, a China controla os preços das mesmas (ao final de 2011 chegou a elevar o preço do lantânio em mais de 20 vezes), bem como reduziu substancialmente sua cota de exportação. É nesse contexto que surge a necessidade da reciclagem de materiais que possuem TR em sua constituição, como é o caso dos catalisadores FCC provenientes do craqueamento do petróleo. Outra fonte que merece destaque, tendo sido igualmente explorada neste trabalho, é os pós-fosfóricos responsáveis por gerar a luz branca em lâmpadas fluorescentes. Atualmente a Rhodia, do grupo Solvay, já iniciou a recuperação das TR em pós-fosfóricos. As principais TR utilizadas em lâmpadas fluorescentes são La, Ce, Eu, Tb e Y, encontrados nos compostos Y2O3:Eu3+, BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+ e LaPO4:Ce3+,Tb3+. Os elementos Eu, Tb e Y têm alto valor agregado, representando de 5 a 20% em massa dos pós-fosfóricos. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver uma metodologia economicamente viável e, sobretudo, com baixa utilização e produção de substâncias perigosas para a separação e recuperação de íons de TR contidos na zeólita tipo Y, componente dos catalisadores FCC desativados, previamente empregados no craqueamento de petróleo, bem como em lâmpadas fluorescentes. Inicialmente, realizou-se a caracterização preliminar dos componentes dos catalisadores FCC desativados. Posteriormente, buscou-se o desenvolvimento de metodologias de separação química para obtenção dos elementos de TR e caracterização dos mesmos por diversas técnicas, tais como espectroscopia de fotoluminescência, fluorescência de Raios-X, titulometria de complexação, microscopia eletrônica de varredura e espectroscopia de infravermelho / Synthetic zeolites containing rare earths (RE) are the major components of FCC (Fluid Catalytic Cracking) catalysts used in petroleum cracking, where the percentage of such elements is about 5%. RE ions improve the thermal and hydrothermal stability of zeolites-Y during the petroleum refining process. The Brazilian production of these catalysts is around 25 thousand tons per year, requiring 900 tons of lanthanum oxide in the same period. Currently, China is responsible for 90% of the world production and market of RE. Since 2010, China controls the prices of RE elements and substantially reduced the exportation quota. For instance, by the end of 2011 the price of lanthanum was risen by more than 20 times. In this context, the search for recycling materials that have rare earths in their constitution becomes crucial, as is the case of the FCC catalysts from the cracking of petroleum. Another source that deserves significant attention is the phosphoric powders that generate white light in fluorescent lamps, which were also investigated in this work. Rhodia from the Solvay group has already begun the recovery of rare earths in phosphoric powders. The main RE used in fluorescent lamps are La, Ce, Eu, Tb and Y, which occur as Y2O3: Eu3+, BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+ and LaPO4:Ce3+, Tb3+. Eu, Tb and Y are high-value elements, representing by 5 20% of the total mass of phosphoric powders. Therefore, the aim of this work was to develop economically feasible and environmental friendly methodologies for the separation and recovery of RE ions from zeolite-Yin deactivated FCC catalysts and from fluorescent lamp phosphors. To this end, we firstly performed a preliminary characterization of the components of deactivated FCC catalysts. The following steps comprised the development of chemical separation methodologies to obtain rare earth elements and their characterization by several techniques such as photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence, complexation titration, scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy

A presente pesquisa aborda o problema de dimensionamento de frota de navios rebocadores do tipo AHTS, que são utilizados essencialmente nas tarefas de operações de apoio à exploração e produção de petróleo offshore (em alto mar). Essas atividades se caracterizam pela requisição simultânea de múltiplos navios de classes diferentes, e possuem parâmetros como: compatibilidade de classes de navios com as tarefas, duração em dias, local de execução e instante desejado de atendimento. Para representar este problema foi desenvolvido um modelo de simulação com parâmetros estocásticos, cuja programação é orientada para minimização dos custos totais da operação, que englobam custos fixos, custos de penalidade por atraso no atendimento das tarefas, e penalidade por falta de cumprimento de tarefas. A abordagem de solução do modelo é a busca exaustiva onde são comparados cenários de simulação de eventos discretos. Adicionalmente, foram comparadas 2 modos de escolhas de tarefas na fila de tarefas, o primeiro é o modo FIFO (First In First Out), o segundo modo é a priorização de tarefas com maior custo de penalidade associado para o dimensionamento de frota. / This research addresses a fleet sizing problem of anchor and handling and tug supply vessels (AHTS), which support the exploration and production of oil at the sea. The support activities are characterized by simultaneous request of multiple vessels of one or more classes. Other characteristics of the research problem are:: the compatibility between vessels and tasks, task duration (in days), a place of execution the task and a desired instant to be attended. A simulation model with stochastic parameters was developed to represent this problem, aiming to minimize the total operational cost that includes fixed costs,penalty costs if tasks are delayed and penalty costs with not completed tasks. The strategy to solve this problem was the exhausted search through discrete-event simulation. Aditionally, 2 methods of approach for the queue were analyzed: the first one is the FIFO (First In First Out) and the second one is the priority according the highest penalty cost to size the fleet.

A presente pesquisa aborda o problema de dimensionamento de frota de navios rebocadores do tipo AHTS, que são utilizados essencialmente nas tarefas de operações de apoio à exploração e produção de petróleo offshore (em alto mar). Essas atividades se caracterizam pela requisição simultânea de múltiplos navios de classes diferentes, e possuem parâmetros como: compatibilidade de classes de navios com as tarefas, duração em dias, local de execução e instante desejado de atendimento. Para representar este problema foi desenvolvido um modelo de simulação com parâmetros estocásticos, cuja programação é orientada para minimização dos custos totais da operação, que englobam custos fixos, custos de penalidade por atraso no atendimento das tarefas, e penalidade por falta de cumprimento de tarefas. A abordagem de solução do modelo é a busca exaustiva onde são comparados cenários de simulação de eventos discretos. Adicionalmente, foram comparadas 2 modos de escolhas de tarefas na fila de tarefas, o primeiro é o modo FIFO (First In First Out), o segundo modo é a priorização de tarefas com maior custo de penalidade associado para o dimensionamento de frota. / This research addresses a fleet sizing problem of anchor and handling and tug supply vessels (AHTS), which support the exploration and production of oil at the sea. The support activities are characterized by simultaneous request of multiple vessels of one or more classes. Other characteristics of the research problem are:: the compatibility between vessels and tasks, task duration (in days), a place of execution the task and a desired instant to be attended. A simulation model with stochastic parameters was developed to represent this problem, aiming to minimize the total operational cost that includes fixed costs,penalty costs if tasks are delayed and penalty costs with not completed tasks. The strategy to solve this problem was the exhausted search through discrete-event simulation. Aditionally, 2 methods of approach for the queue were analyzed: the first one is the FIFO (First In First Out) and the second one is the priority according the highest penalty cost to size the fleet.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O objetivo desta Pesquisa de Mestrado foi propor uma metodologia de avaliação de reservas a descobrir (óleo iminente a descobrir - yet-to-find-oil), que utiliza métodos estocásticos e análises probabilísticas, aplicados às informações disponíveis sobre bacias com largo histórico exploratório, e que incorpora informações sobre a área exaurida por esforços exploratórios passados. As simulações estocásticas foram realizadas por uma ferramenta de modelagem do processo exploratório de ciclo completo, disponível comercialmente, e também no Laboratório de Correlação Geológica (LABCG) da Faculdade de Geologia da UERJ. Uma aplicação prática dessa metodologia composta, de modelagem estocástica e ajuste por área exaurida, foi realizada no play definido como a área de águas rasas da Bacia de Campos. Utilizando apenas dados parciais sobre as descobertas de campos de petróleo e gás, os resultados sugerem que essa área ainda não pode ser considerada exploratoriamente madura. Também foram apontadas interessantes perspectivas de descobertas adicionais de acumulações totais de óleo e gás, e de acumulações individuais de tamanhos significativos. A aplicação da metodologia proposta em bacias com largo histórico exploratório, como a Bacia de Campos em águas rasas, mostrou-se perfeitamente viável. Outro objetivo desta Pesquisa foi ajudar a desenvolver, dentro da Faculdade de Geologia, um pólo de conhecimento sobre os processos de avaliação de yet-to-find-oil, e sobre as ferramentas de modelagem do processo exploratório. / The objective of this Masters Project was to propose a methodology of evaluation of yet-to-find-oil, which utilizes stochastic methods and probabilistic analyses applied to the information available about basins with a long exploratory history, and which incorporates information about the area exhausted by previous exploratory efforts. The stochastic simulations were carried out by a full cycle, exploratory process modeling tool which is available commercially, and also at the Laboratory of Geological Correlation (LABCG) of the Geology Department at UERJ. A practical application of this composite methodology, using stochastic modeling and adjustment for area exhausted, was made in the play defined as the shallow waters of the Campos Basin. Utilizing only partial data about the discoveries of oil and gas fields, the results suggest that this area cannot yet be considered a mature exploratory play. Interesting perspectives for the discovery of additional total accumulations of oil and gas were also indicated, as well as individual accumulations of significant size. The application of the proposed methodology in basins with a reasonably extensive exploratory history, such as the Campos Basin in shallow waters, was shown to be perfectly viable. Another objective of this research was to help develop, within the Geology Department, a local knowledge center regarding the processes for evaluation of yet-to-find-oil, and about exploratory process modeling tools.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O objetivo desta Pesquisa de Mestrado foi propor uma metodologia de avaliação de reservas a descobrir (óleo iminente a descobrir - yet-to-find-oil), que utiliza métodos estocásticos e análises probabilísticas, aplicados às informações disponíveis sobre bacias com largo histórico exploratório, e que incorpora informações sobre a área exaurida por esforços exploratórios passados. As simulações estocásticas foram realizadas por uma ferramenta de modelagem do processo exploratório de ciclo completo, disponível comercialmente, e também no Laboratório de Correlação Geológica (LABCG) da Faculdade de Geologia da UERJ. Uma aplicação prática dessa metodologia composta, de modelagem estocástica e ajuste por área exaurida, foi realizada no play definido como a área de águas rasas da Bacia de Campos. Utilizando apenas dados parciais sobre as descobertas de campos de petróleo e gás, os resultados sugerem que essa área ainda não pode ser considerada exploratoriamente madura. Também foram apontadas interessantes perspectivas de descobertas adicionais de acumulações totais de óleo e gás, e de acumulações individuais de tamanhos significativos. A aplicação da metodologia proposta em bacias com largo histórico exploratório, como a Bacia de Campos em águas rasas, mostrou-se perfeitamente viável. Outro objetivo desta Pesquisa foi ajudar a desenvolver, dentro da Faculdade de Geologia, um pólo de conhecimento sobre os processos de avaliação de yet-to-find-oil, e sobre as ferramentas de modelagem do processo exploratório. / The objective of this Masters Project was to propose a methodology of evaluation of yet-to-find-oil, which utilizes stochastic methods and probabilistic analyses applied to the information available about basins with a long exploratory history, and which incorporates information about the area exhausted by previous exploratory efforts. The stochastic simulations were carried out by a full cycle, exploratory process modeling tool which is available commercially, and also at the Laboratory of Geological Correlation (LABCG) of the Geology Department at UERJ. A practical application of this composite methodology, using stochastic modeling and adjustment for area exhausted, was made in the play defined as the shallow waters of the Campos Basin. Utilizing only partial data about the discoveries of oil and gas fields, the results suggest that this area cannot yet be considered a mature exploratory play. Interesting perspectives for the discovery of additional total accumulations of oil and gas were also indicated, as well as individual accumulations of significant size. The application of the proposed methodology in basins with a reasonably extensive exploratory history, such as the Campos Basin in shallow waters, was shown to be perfectly viable. Another objective of this research was to help develop, within the Geology Department, a local knowledge center regarding the processes for evaluation of yet-to-find-oil, and about exploratory process modeling tools.

Les lymphomes B sont des cancers du système lymphatique se développant à partir des cellules B. Il devient évident que le développement des cellules B malignes dépend d’interactions avec les cellules immunes dans leur microenvironnement. Nous avons étudié la caractérisation des lymphocytes T intra tumoraux afin de comprendre leur contribution dans la lymphomagenèse et leur potentiel thérapeutique dans les lymphomes B comme le lymphome diffus à grandes cellules B (DLBCL), le lymphome folliculaire (FL) et le lymphome Hodgkinien classique (cHL)Nous avons mis en évidence une différence importante, quantitative et qualitative, entre la composition immunitaire de différents lymphomes B, notamment au niveau des lymphocytes T intra tumoraux. Le FL se caractérise par une accumulation des lymphocytes T régulateurs (Tregs) exprimant ICOS, pouvant supprimer les cellules B lymphomateuses. La génération des Tregs ICOS+ est favorisée par le contact avec les cellules B lymphomateuses exprimant ICOSL. Quant à lui, le DLBCL a beaucoup de lymphocytes TCD8 coexprimant PD1 et TIM3 possédant un état de dysfonctionnement dit « épuisement », lymphocytes dont la proportion est corrélée à leur niveau de dysfonctionnement et à leur capacité de réponse au blocage des récepteurs inhibiteurs. Enfin, dans certains lymphomes B, en particulier le cHL, nous avons découvert une sous population de TCD8, dite « TFH-like » pour leur similarité phénotypique et fonctionnelle avec les lymphocytes T auxiliaires folliculaires (TFH). Ces données indiquent l’hétérogénéité des composants immunitaires entre différents lymphomes B et sont une piste pour une future thérapie ciblée dans le traitement du lymphome. / B-cell lymphomas represent a heterogeneous group of cancers that affect B cells in the lymphatic system. It has become evidence that malignant B cells depend on various interactions with microenvironmental immune cells for their development. Our study focuses on characterization of intra-tumoral T cells in order to understand their contribution in pathogenesis and their therapeutic potentials in the most frequent B cell-lymphoma such as Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), Follicular lymphoma (FL) and classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL).During this work, we have demonstrated a significant quantitative and qualitative difference between different B-cell lymphoma immune composition, especially between their intra-tumoral T cells. FL is characterized by the accumulation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) expressing ICOS, with ability to suppress lymphoma B cells. Generation of Tregs ICOS+ is prompted by cell contact with the lymphoma B cells expressing ICOSL. On the other hand, DLBCL have high level of TCD8 coexpressing PD1 and TIM3 displaying an exhaustion state, which proportion is correlated with their dysfunction level and with their responsiveness to inhibitor receptors blockade. Finally, in some B-cell lymphoma cases, especially cHL, we found the existence of a TCD8 subset, called TFH-like due to their phenotypic and functional similarity with follicular helper T cells (TFH).These data show heterogeneity of immune components between the different B lymphomas, and give opportunity for targeted therapy in lymphoma treatment

One of the modern times worst environmental problem are polluted water resources. An example of source of pollution to water resources are, heavy metal leached from acid sulfate soils (ASS). When these soils are stable, which they are if they are left underwater in an anoxic environment (for example below the water table), they are often sought after since they consist of high amount of nutrients which farmers use as farmlands. ASS is therefore created when farmers drain their land and the sulfide soil gets exposed to air, resulting in its oxidation and therefore formation of sulfuric acid. In a previous study performed by scientists from Linnaeus University, it was concluded that a natural reserve located in Vattenriket, Kristianstad was possibly damaged by the drainage discharge of an adjacent acid sulfate soil. For remediation of acid sulfate soil, notably removal of metals from drainage waters, grounded coffee has been suggested to be able to perform well as an adsorbent. This study was performed to investigate how well grounded coffee could be used as an adsorbent, for calcium (Ca) and zinc (Zn), from water samples collected in Vattenriket, Kristianstad. It was also studied to see if grounded coffee could be cleaned using a sodium hydroxide solution to increase its adsorption capacity. To be able to evaluate how well it could be used as an adsorbent, it went through two different cleaning procedures and total organic carbon and pH readings was performed. The used method for this paper was to clean the grounded coffee in two different stages. The first stage consisted of using distilled water and letting it run through the residues until the water came out as transparent. Cleaning using a NaOH solution consisted of suspending the residues in a NaOH solution for 45 minutes and swapping the solution 6-8 times. After the grounded coffee had dried in an oven at 30o for 48 hours, it was put into different fraction sizes, weighed and bagged. The water samples then had to be filtered using a pump and Filtropur S 0.45 filters. Lastly, 45 falcon tubes containing 15 different amounts of grounded coffee had 50 ml of filtered water sample added to them. For analysis, atomic absorption spectroscopy was used. The results showed that the maximum amount of adsorbed calcium was achieved at 1.5g of grounded coffee in a 50 ml water solution which managed to adsorb 99.53% of calcium. The maximum amount of adsorbed zinc was achieved at 1.25g of grounded coffee in a 50 ml solution which resulted in 99.16% of adsorbed zinc. The study also showed that when the total organic carbon-content was decreasing, due to excessive cleaning, the pH was increasing. This was further proof that the grounded coffee still had residues onto its surface that could inhibit its adsorption capabilities.

Bibliography: pages 273-351 / The context of this research is the occupational wellbeing of employees in the healthcare industry in South Africa. The purpose of this study was to identify occupational wellbeing types that cluster as a result of variables (burnout, work engagement, workaholism and job satisfaction) which can be plotted on the circumplex model of wellbeing, and determining the extent of type differences in as far as it pertains to psychosocial antecedent variables (age, job demands, job resources and work-related sense of coherence), as well as positive and negative outcome variables (comprising organisational commitment and turnover intention). A quantitative survey was conducted on a convenience sample of healthcare workers (N = 461). The population consisted of predominately black African females, aged between 31 and 45 from the nursing profession. Cluster analysis using k-means found statistically significant support for three occupational wellbeing types, namely, Exhausted, Engaged and Burned-Out. Results from MANOVA revealed a difference between all occupational wellbeing types and the psychosocial antecedent variables of job demands, job resources and work-related sense of coherence. The occupational wellbeing types did not however differ, based on the age of the participants. Multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that age was additionally not a significant predictor of the occupational wellbeing types, whilst Work-SoC predicted the engaged type, and job demands and job resources predicted the engaged and exhausted types in comparison to the burned-out type. Hierarchical moderated regression analysis concluded that each of the occupational wellbeing types played a significant role by moderating the relationship between the psychosocial antecedent variables of job resources and work-related sense of coherence, and the positive and negative outcomes of organisational commitment and turnover intention. Theoretically the study highlighted the importance of addressing the occupational wellbeing concerns and challenges faced by healthcare employees in South Africa face. The empirical value of the study was the identification of the occupational wellbeing types and a potential nomological net. The knowledge derived from the relationship between the variables may be valuable in informing a holistic affective wellbeing model which could direct practices within the healthcare industry in South Africa. / Die konteks van hierdie navorsing is die beroepswelstand van werknemers in die gesondheidsorgbedryf in Suid-Afrika. Die doel van hierdie studie was om tipes beroepsmatige welstand te identifiseer wat saamgevoeg word as gevolg van veranderlikes, naamlik uitbranding, werkbetrokkenheid, werksverslawing en werkstevredenheid wat op die sirkumpleksmodel van welstand geteken kan word, en om die omvang van tipe verskille in so ver aangesien dit betrekking het op psigososiale antesedente veranderlikes, naamlik ouderdom, werksvereistes, werksbronne en werkverwante samehang, sowel as positiewe en negatiewe uitkomsveranderlikes (wat organisatoriese toewyding en omsetintensiteit bevat). 'N Kwantitatiewe opname is gedoen oor 'n gerieflikheidsteekproef van gesondheidswerkers (N = 461). Die bevolking het bestaan uit hoofsaaklik swart vroulike vroue, tussen 31 en 45 jaar oud, uit die verpleegberoep. Cluster-analise met behulp van k-middele het statisties beduidende ondersteuning gevind vir drie tipes beroepswelstand, naamlik uitgeputting, betrokkenheid en uitgebranding. Resultate van MANOVA het 'n verskil aan die lig gebring tussen alle tipes beroepswelstand en die psigososiale antesedente veranderlikes van werksvereistes, werkbronne en werkverwante samehang. Die tipes beroepswelstand verskil egter nie op grond van die ouderdom van die deelnemers nie. Multinomiale logistieke regressie-analise het aan die lig gebring dat ouderdom ook nie 'n beduidende voorspeller was van die tipes beroepswelstand nie, terwyl Work-SoC die betrokke tipe voorspelling en werksvereistes voorspel het, en dat werkbronne die betrokke en uitgeputte tipes voorspel in vergelyking met die uitgebrande tipe. Hiërargiese gemodereerde regressie-analise het tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat elkeen van die tipes beroepswelstand 'n belangrike rol gespeel het deur die verhouding tussen die psigososiale voorgaande veranderlikes van werkbronne en werkverwante sin vir samehang te modereer, en die positiewe en negatiewe uitkomste van organisatoriese toewyding en omsetintensiteit. Teoreties het die studie die belangrikheid daarvan beklemtoon om die kommer en uitdagings wat gesondheidswerkers in Suid-Afrika in die gesig staar, aan te spreek. Die empiriese waarde van die studie was die identifisering van die tipes beroepswelstand en 'n potensiële nomologiese netwerk. Die kennis wat verkry word uit die verband tussen die veranderlikes, kan waardevol wees om 'n holistiese affektiewe welstandsmodel in te lig wat praktyke binne die gesondheidsbedryf in Suid-Afrika kan rig. / Umongo walolu cwaningo wukuphila kahle kwabasebenzi abasembonini yezokunakekelwa kwempilo eNingizimu Afrika. Inhloso yalolu cwaningo kwakuwukuhlonza izinhlobo zenhlalakahle yomsebenzi ezihlangana ngenxa yokuguquguqukayo (ukutubeka, ukuzibandakanya emsebenzini, ukusebenza ngokweqile nokweneliseka emsebenzini) okungabekwa kumodeli yenhlalakahle ye-circumplex, nokunquma ubukhulu bezinhlobonhlobo zohlobo kuze kube manje njengoba kumayelana nokuhlukahluka kokuphikisana kwengqondo (iminyaka, izidingo zomsebenzi, izinsiza zomsebenzi kanye nokuzwana okuhlobene nomsebenzi), kanye nokuhlukahluka kwemiphumela emihle nemibi (ehlanganisa ukuzibophezela kwenhlangano kanye nenhloso yenzuzo). Ucwaningo oluningi lwenziwe kusampula elula yabasebenzi bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo (N = 461). Isibalo besinabantu besifazane ikakhulukazi abamnyama base-Afrika, abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-31 no-45 abavela emsebenzini wobunesi. Ukuhlaziywa kweqoqo ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezingama-k kutholwe ukwesekwa okubalulekile kwezibalo zezinhlobo ezintathu zomsebenzi, okungukuthi, Ukhathele, Ukuhlanganyela kanye Nokushiswa. Imiphumela evela kwa-MANOVA iveze umehluko phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zenhlalakahle yomsebenzi kanye nokuhlukahluka kokuphikiswa kwengqondo kwezidingo zomsebenzi, izinsiza zomsebenzi kanye nokuzwana okuhlobene nomsebenzi. Izinhlobo zezenhlalakahle zomsebenzi azizange zehluke, ngokuya ngeminyaka yabahlanganyeli. Ukuhlaziywa kokuhlelwa kabusha kwezinto kwamazwe amaningi kuveze ukuthi iminyaka yobudala ibingeyona imbonakaliso ebalulekile yezinhlobo zenhlalakahle yomsebenzi, ngenkathi i-Work-SoC ibikezela uhlobo lokuzibandakanya, nezimfuno zomsebenzi, nezinsizakusebenza zibikezela izinhlobo ezibandakanyekile nezikhathele uma kuqhathaniswa nohlobo olushile. Ukuhlaziywa kokuhlehliswa kwe-hierarchical kuphethe ukuthi uhlobo ngalunye lwezinhlalakahle zomsebenzi lubambe iqhaza elibalulekile ngokuhlolisisa ubudlelwano phakathi kokuhlukahluka kokuphikiswa kwengqondo kwengqondo kwezinsiza zomsebenzi kanye nokuzwana okuhlobene nomsebenzi, kanye nemiphumela emihle nemibi yokuzibophezela kwenhlangano kanye nenhloso yenzuzo. Ngokwezifundo lolu cwaningo luqhakambisa ukubaluleka kokubhekana nezinkinga nezinselele ezibhekene nabasebenzi bezempilo eNingizimu Afrika ababhekene nazo. Inani lezobuciko lolo cwaningo kwakuwukuhlonzwa kwezinhlobo zenhlalakahle yomsebenzi kanye nenetha elingaba namandla lokuqanjwa. Ulwazi olususelwe ebudlelwaneni obuphakathi kokuguquguqukayo lungaba lusizo ekwaziseni imodeli yenhlalakahle ephelele engaqondisa izindlela ezenziwa embonini yezokunakekelwa kwempilo eNingizimu Afrika. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / D. Phil. (Psychology)