Spirituality is a neglected dimension in psychology, but has recently been growing in importance. Depression is a widespread phenomenon, worldwide, although presenting differently in different cultures, including South Africa. The aim of this study was to give an opportunity to those who have experienced spirituality and depression to voice their experiences in their respective contexts. The ontological framework was postmodernism and the guiding epistemology was social constructionism. Qualitative research was the method of research selected, because it suited the aims of the research. The specific method of analysis was a "categorical content analysis". In depth interviews with eight participants from various faith backgrounds were conducted. The participants' stories were interpreted by the researcher in the form of themes. Recurring and pertinent themes were compared and discussed with other voices in the field, such as the literature and societal and cultural discourses. The study facilitated rich, detailed and complex descriptions of people's experience of spirituality and depression. The researcher hopes the voice of this research will lead to new understandings of these phenomena in a South African context. / Psychology / D. Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)

The purpose of this research is to explore how narrative practices can be meaningful in pastoral conversations with women living with breast cancer. A theoretical collaboration between narrative therapy, feminism and pastoral theology has been used in order to facilitate meaning-making, to give ‘voice’ to local knowledge, and to co-create a more holistic understanding of the experiences of illness narratives and breast cancer. The methodology of this research is ‘interdisciplinary’ and uses qualitative, co-participatory action research and reflexivity as its research design. Conversations with the co-researchers explore illness narratives, breast cancer, spirituality and faith, life-giving relationships, femininity and body image, socially constructed discourses and pivotal moments that enable alternative stories. Values of respect, curiosity and listening have been upheld in order to provide a safe place for the co-researchers to give voice to their stories and experiences of breast cancer in a way that supports the researcher position of ‘witness’. / Practical Theology / M. Th. (Practical Theology, with specialisation in Pastoral Therapy)

While several U. S. firms have invested in Knowledge Management (KM) tools and software, it has become apparent that investments must be made in additional facets of KM, such as knowledge sharing (KS), thought by many researchers to be the most important component of KM. Of the two types of KS, explicit and tacit, the sharing of tacit knowledge has been shown to contribute the most to an organization’s performance. However, since tacit knowledge is difficult to both convey and acquire, this unshared tacit knowledge may ultimately harm an organization when, without the appropriate knowledge, individuals cannot effectively perform their professional responsibility. Although research has been conducted on the motivators that contribute to the sharing of tacit knowledge, the research has been conflicting. These inconsistencies could conceivably stem from measuring KS as a single factor rather than as separate components. The purpose of this study was two-fold, first to discover what motivators contributed to the sharing of tacit knowledge and second, to discover whether the sharing of knowledge when solicited differed from the sharing of knowledge when not solicited. Utilizing the Theory of Reasoned Action and Self-determination Theory as well as measuring the transfer of knowledge through externalization, as expressed by the SECI model, three research questions and 14 different hypotheses contributed to a survey instrument resulting in 370 usable survey responses. Employing confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling, analysis of the data confirmed that a significant difference existed between the solicited and unsolicited sharing of tacit knowledge. This study found that measures for external, integrated, and intrinsic motivation differed among the two situational constructs of knowledge sharing. In addition, the study confirmed that a difference occurred between motivators and the two types of sharing when the sharing was mediated by a favorable attitude toward sharing.

L’adoption définitive en 2001 du Projet d’articles sur la responsabilité des organisations internationales par la Commission du Droit International constitue incontestablement un pas important dans l’élaboration d’un régime général de responsabilité, applicable à des entités fondamentalement hétérogènes du fait de leur capacité fonctionnelle. À l’heure de l’externalisation du maintien de la paix, les principes d’attribution de la responsabilité sont plus que jamais sollicités pour répondre à des situations nouvelles et inédites. Dans ce contexte, la question se pose de savoir dans quelle mesure ils permettent de répondre aux attentes d’un domaine en constante évolution, et dans lequel les organisations internationales sont de plus en plus nombreuses à intervenir. Il sera alors possible de montrer qu’un certain nombre de solutions peuvent en être dégagées. Néanmoins, ces principes mériteraient d’être précisés à certains égards, afin de pouvoir répondre à l’ensemble des nouvelles problématiques relatives à l’attribution de responsabilité qui sont susceptibles de se poser dans le cadre d’un maintien de la paix externalisé. / The final adoption in 2001 of the Draft articles on the responsibility of international organizations by the International Law Commission is indisputably a major step in the drafting of a general regime of responsibility, applicable to fundamentally heterogeneous entities owing to their functional capacity. In these times of peacekeeping externalization, the attribution of responsibility principles are more than ever called upon to provide an answer to new and unprecedented situations. In this framework, the question arises of whether these principles are able to give an answer to the expectations of an evolving area, in which the number of international organizations involved is increasing. It will then be possible to demonstrate that some solutions can be found. Nevertheless, these principles need to be clarified, in order to provide with a solution for all the new sets of problems that may arise regarding the attribution of responsibility, in an externalized peacekeeping framework.

Salariat et indépendance : la contradiction est profonde. En France, le droit du travail a été largement bâti sur l'opposition entre travail salarié et travail indépendant. Or, depuis plus de 20 ans, s'est développé en France un nouveau mode d'organisation du travail dénommé « portage salarial ». Il constitue une pratique contractuelle triangulaire établie entre des professionnels autonomes, une société de portage salarial et des clients. Ce mode d’organisation permet à ces professionnels de pouvoir exercer leur activité de façon indépendante, sans contrainte administrative ni de gestion, tout en bénéficiant des garanties sociales attachées au statut de salarié. Suspecté d'illégalité mais satisfaisant à un indéniable besoin social, le portage salarial devait être encadré. La loi du 25 juin 2008 portant modernisation du marché du travail donne à cette pratique un fondement légal et confie aux partenaires sociaux le soin de l’organiser. Malgré l’existence d’un accord collectif de branche, signé le 24 juin 2010, le portage salarial ne fait l’objet d’aucun encadrement législatif. Face au mutisme du législateur et à l’indécision du juge, l’insécurité règne. Il importe alors d’établir précisément les fondements et le mécanisme du portage salarial. Bien que périlleuse, cette quête d’un régime juridique mérite d’être entreprise afin de répondre au mieux aux attentes et aux interrogations des travailleurs et des entreprises qui seraient amenés à utiliser cette formule. Salariat et indépendance : la contradiction n’est que superficielle. / The contradiction between wage-labor and independence is particularly deep. In France, labor law was mainly built upon the opposition which exists between the wage labor and independent labor regimes. However, the past 20 years gave rise to the development of a newsocioeconomic relationship between workers and their employers : the "umbrella company" regime. Such model consists in a three-party-contract involving independent professionals, an umbrella company, as well as a client company. This type of organization constitutes a means for professionals to operate a non-subordinate work environment deprived of administrative or management-related constraints, while benefiting from all the social advantages pertaining to the wage-labor status. Initially suspected of being illegal, yet providing an undeniable social necessity, the umbrella company system requires a specific framework. The statute dated June 25th, 2008 on the modernization of labor market provides a legal framework to this system and assigns trade unions the mission to organize the circumstances surrounding such framework. Despite the existence of an Agreement dated June 24th, 2010, the umbrella company system lacks a clear legislative framework. The legislative branch's silence combined to the judicial branch's indecision triggers off a situation of significant insecurity on a legal point of view. The implementation of clear legal grounds and mechanisms applicable to the umbrella company regime is thus of the utmost necessity. Although such process is synonymous with a perilous quest, it seems particularly relevant to undertake it in order to come up with the expectations and questions of both the workers and the companies. The contradiction between wage-labor and independence is particulary superficial.

Spirituality is a neglected dimension in psychology, but has recently been growing in importance. Depression is a widespread phenomenon, worldwide, although presenting differently in different cultures, including South Africa. The aim of this study was to give an opportunity to those who have experienced spirituality and depression to voice their experiences in their respective contexts. The ontological framework was postmodernism and the guiding epistemology was social constructionism. Qualitative research was the method of research selected, because it suited the aims of the research. The specific method of analysis was a "categorical content analysis". In depth interviews with eight participants from various faith backgrounds were conducted. The participants' stories were interpreted by the researcher in the form of themes. Recurring and pertinent themes were compared and discussed with other voices in the field, such as the literature and societal and cultural discourses. The study facilitated rich, detailed and complex descriptions of people's experience of spirituality and depression. The researcher hopes the voice of this research will lead to new understandings of these phenomena in a South African context. / Psychology / D. Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)

The purpose of this research is to explore how narrative practices can be meaningful in pastoral conversations with women living with breast cancer. A theoretical collaboration between narrative therapy, feminism and pastoral theology has been used in order to facilitate meaning-making, to give ‘voice’ to local knowledge, and to co-create a more holistic understanding of the experiences of illness narratives and breast cancer. The methodology of this research is ‘interdisciplinary’ and uses qualitative, co-participatory action research and reflexivity as its research design. Conversations with the co-researchers explore illness narratives, breast cancer, spirituality and faith, life-giving relationships, femininity and body image, socially constructed discourses and pivotal moments that enable alternative stories. Values of respect, curiosity and listening have been upheld in order to provide a safe place for the co-researchers to give voice to their stories and experiences of breast cancer in a way that supports the researcher position of ‘witness’. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / M. Th. (Practical Theology, with specialisation in Pastoral Therapy)

Submitted by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2016-10-13T17:31:49Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Vítor Valente Cavalcante - 2016.pdf: 2136169 bytes, checksum: afb0fae050604056378fbb2141b42137 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2016-10-14T20:00:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Vítor Valente Cavalcante - 2016.pdf: 2136169 bytes, checksum: afb0fae050604056378fbb2141b42137 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-14T20:00:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Vítor Valente Cavalcante - 2016.pdf: 2136169 bytes, checksum: afb0fae050604056378fbb2141b42137 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-30 / This study sought to reconstruct the elements left by Marx that assist in building a fetish theory reviewing the place of this concept in the thought of the author in question. The hypothesis that guides research is that there is no way to understand the theories of Marx without understanding its epicurean ontology, from the clues left in his professorial thesis, or, more broadly, in the period 1835-1841 . Thus, during the research it was necessary to establish an overview of the ontological foundations of Marx's thought and place of fetishism, in addition to the stroke path, analyzing the evolution of the concept of fetishism in the light of wider horizon of his thought, weaving a summary of the most relevant passages considered in the path taken by this influential advocate of socialism around the theme. Therefore, we established a dialogue with some theoretical fetish theory of the second half of the twentieth century and early twenty-first century, which, in most cases, or interpret Marx's thought as concrete itself and the laws of history which inevitably led to the victory of the proletariat, or identify their theory of value with the fetishism and reduce the ideology of the hegemony of exchange value and colonial prejudice of nineteenthcentury anthropology, advocating a purely rhetorical use of the concept in Marx. Finally, there are several key issues guided by today in order to establish some guidelines that helped to think the centrality of consciousness industry in the production of human life, insignia of the present day, when the production became immaterial and established a global system of fetishism in the struggle for consciousness, the arena in which it locks the clash between the main worldviews. / O presente trabalho buscou reconstituir os elementos deixados por Marx que auxiliam na construção de uma teoria do fetiche que revê o lugar deste conceito no pensamento do autor em questão. A hipótese que guia a pesquisa é a de que não há como compreender as teorias de Marx sem compreender sua ontologia epicurista, a partir das pistas deixadas em sua tese de docência, ou, de modo mais abrangente, no período que vai de 1835 a 1841. Dessa forma, no decorrer da pesquisa, foi necessário estabelecer uma visão panorâmica das bases ontológicas do pensamento de Marx e do lugar do fetichismo, além do caminho traçado, analisando a evolução do conceito de fetichismo à luz do horizonte mais amplo de seu pensamento, tecendo uma síntese das passagens consideradas mais relevantes no caminho percorrido por este influente defensor do socialismo em torno do tema. Para tanto, estabeleceu-se um diálogo com alguns teóricos da teoria do fetiche da segunda metade do século XX e do início do século XXI, que, na maioria dos casos, ou interpretam o pensamento de Marx como o concreto mesmo e as leis da história que levaram inevitavelmente à vitória do proletariado, ou identificam sua teoria do valor com a do fetichismo e as reduzem à ideologia da hegemonia do valor de troca e ao preconceito colonial da Antropologia do século XIX, defendendo um uso meramente retórico do conceito em Marx. Por fim, verificou-se várias questões cruciais pautadas pela atualidade, no intuito de estabelecer algumas diretrizes que auxiliaram a pensar a centralidade da indústria da consciência na produção da vida humana, insígnia dos dias atuais, quando a produção se tornou imaterial e se instaurou um sistema global de fetichismo na luta pela consciência, arena na qual se trava o embate entre as principais visões de mundo.

La présente thèse de doctorat propose une étude empirique des liens existant entre la sphère politique et la gestion des services publics locaux en France. Les municipalités sont confrontées à un choix lorsqu’elles doivent administrer leurs services publics : elles peuvent fournir un service en régie ou l’externaliser, et ainsi conclure des contrats avec le secteur privé. Dans un premier temps, ces arrangements conclus entre des entités publiques et privées sont analysés, et l’influence des motivations électorales des maires sur les renégociations contractuelles est révélée. Dans un second temps, les facteurs influençant les choix des maires entre gestion directe et externalisation sont étudiés. L’idéologie des maires successifs d’une ville apparaît comme un déterminant fondamental de la proportion de services publics gérés en régie. Enfin, le recours simultané à la régie et à l’externalisation pour un même service public est analysé, et il apparaît que ce choix est davantage stratégique que politique. Cette thèse de doctorat contribue à améliorer notre compréhension de la gestion des services publics locaux, et établit l’importance des facteurs politiques dans l’étude de cette dernière. / This dissertation offers an empirical investigation of the links between the political sphere and the management of local public services in France. When they administer public services, local governments can decide either to provide a service in-house,or to externalize its management, and therefore conclude contracts with private entities.First, these public-private contracts are analyzed, and the major influence of mayors’ electoral motives on contractual renegotiations is revealed. Second, the drivers of the choice between internal provision and externalization of public services are studied. The political affiliation of successive mayors is found to be a major determinant of the proportion of public services provided in-house. Finally, the decision to provide one public service using simultaneously in-house provisionand externalization is studied, and it appears that this choice is more motivated by pragmatism rather than ideology. This dissertation contributes to add knowledge to the understanding of the management of local public services, and highlights the importance of political factors in the study of the latter.

This thesis is a qualitative study focusing on the situation that has evolved in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) from the beginning of 2018, when migrants and refugees started entering the country in large numbers in the context of the so-called Balkan route. The approach adopted in the thesis is informed by critical studies emphasizing the asymmetries entailed in the emerging multilevel governance of migration. The European Union (EU), the BiH state, IOM, civil society, activists, and citizens, are inserted in a “situational map” presenting their inter-relations, and the potential of each to influence the situation of concern. This thesis analyses in details the role of the EU, which is implementing in BiH its security-informed approach to irregular migration through externalization and multilevelling strategies. Eight semi-structured interviews allow the investigation into the potential and challenges of a “governance from below”. The main argument of this thesis is that the EU, outsourcing its strategy to curb irregular migration to BiH, fails to address the humanitarian crisis that is developing there, besides mining the stability and democracy of the country.