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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Perceptions of family functioning between children with behavior difficulties and their primary caregiver [electronic resource] / by Melissa Farino Todd.

Todd, Melissa Farino. January 2003 (has links)
Title from PDF of title page. / Document formatted into pages; contains 124 pages. / Thesis (Ed.S.)--University of South Florida, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references. / Text (Electronic thesis) in PDF format. / ABSTRACT: This research study compared perceptions of family functioning among preadolescent children with behavior difficulties and their primary caregivers. Participants consisted of 29 caregiver-child dyads as well as each child's classroom teacher. Eligibility for the study was based on the child's placement within a self-contained Emotionally Handicapped (EH) or Severely Emotionally Disturbed (SED) classroom in one of three elementary schools within two west coast Florida counties. Data collection included teacher rating scales pertaining to the severity of each child's behavior and the presence of Callus Unemotional (CU) traits in addition to caregiver and child interviews tapping perceptions of family functioning. Results indicated that caregivers consistently viewed their families as more adaptive and cohesive than did children with a disruptive behavior disorder. / ABSTRACT: These findings are consistent with previous research showing a similar pattern among older adolescents with a disruptive behavior disorder. No relationship was not found between the child's perception of family functioning and CU traits, although it was noted that there was considerable restriction of range on CU traits. Overall, the results of this study contributes to the existing literature by demonstrating that preadolescents, like their older counterparts, also view their families as less adaptive and cohesive than do their caregivers. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed. / System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader. / Mode of access: World Wide Web.
12

Transtornos externalizantes em adultos com TDAH

Vitola, Eduardo Schneider January 2011 (has links)
Objetivos: O transtorno de déficit de atenção/hiperatividade (TDAH), o transtorno de conduta (TC) e o transtorno opositor desafiante (TOD) frequentemente ocorrem juntos na infância. No entanto, a existência e importância destes transtornos na vida adulta ainda é motivo de discussão. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a extensão do impacto da história de TOD e TC na saúde mental global de indivíduos com TDAH persistente. Visa também avaliar a relação desses achados com o modelo de desinibição comportamental, considerando os perfis de desenvolvimento neurológico, personalidade e comorbidades. Métodos: Os pacientes foram selecionados consecutivamente a partir de uma amostra de conveniência no ambulatório de pesquisa do TDAH em adultos do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (n=458). O grupo controle foi composto de voluntários doadores de sangue no Hemocentro do mesmo hospital (n=121). Os diagnósticos foram realizados com base nos critérios do DSM-IV, sendo os sujeitos avaliados para o TDAH e o TOD através do K-SADS-E; para o TC e o transtorno de personalidade anti-social através do MINI; e através do SCID para as demais comorbidades. A gravidade do TDAH foi avaliada utilizando o SNAP, e a personalidade avaliada com o TCI (Cloninger). Na análise foram comparados os pacientes com TDAH e os controles. No caso das variáveis com diferenças significativas, comparamos três grupos: TDAH sem história de TC ou de TOD (n=178); TDAH com história de TOD (sem TC) (n=184) e TDAH com história de TC (com ou sem TOD) (n=96). Resultados: Pacientes com TDAH apresentaram um perfil mais grave na comparação com os controles em diversas variáveis, incluindo todas as comorbidades. Internamente ao grupo com TDAH, uma história positiva de TC (e, em grau menor, de TOD) associou-se a maior gravidade e a um perfil mais externalizador. Conclusão: Uma história positiva de TOD e TC na infância ou adolescência associa-se a um impacto negativo na saúde mental de sujeitos com TDAH persistente, reforçando o valor preditivo destes transtornos para a saúde mental do adulto. Estes achados sugerem uma ligação entre déficits do desenvolvimento, características de personalidade, e desdobramentos de psicopatologias, que é consistente com o conceito de cascada de desinibição comportamental. / Objective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD) are frequently co-occurring disorders in children and adolescents. However, their clinical status among adults is disputed. This study analyzes how the clinical presentation of persistent ADHD might be influenced by a childhood or adolescence history of CD and ODD, and how these findings fit in the behavioral disinhibition framework. Methods: Patients were ascertained in an ADHD outpatient clinic. Diagnoses were based on the DSM-IV criteria and all subjects were evaluated using the KSADS- E for ADHD and ODD, MINI for CD/ASPD, SCID-I for other comorbidities, SNAP-IV for ADHD severity and Cloninger’s Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) for personality. We compared patients with ADHD (n= 458) with controls (n=121). For those variables with significant differences, we compared three groups of patients: ADHD without history of CD or ODD (n=178); ADHD + history of ODD (without CD) (n=184) and ADHD + history of CD (with or without ODD) (n=96). Results: Patients with ADHD presented a worse profile than controls in several variables, including a higher frequency of all comorbidities. Within the ADHD group, a history of CD (and to a lower extent ODD) is associated with a more severe and externalizing profile. Conclusion: A history of CD and ODD entail a significant negative mental health impact on persistent ADHD, reinforcing the predictive validity of these entities in adulthood mental health. These findings suggest a link among neurodevelopmental deficits, personality characteristics, and unfolding of psychopathology consistent with the behavioral disinhibition cascade.
13

Transtornos externalizantes em adultos com TDAH

Vitola, Eduardo Schneider January 2011 (has links)
Objetivos: O transtorno de déficit de atenção/hiperatividade (TDAH), o transtorno de conduta (TC) e o transtorno opositor desafiante (TOD) frequentemente ocorrem juntos na infância. No entanto, a existência e importância destes transtornos na vida adulta ainda é motivo de discussão. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a extensão do impacto da história de TOD e TC na saúde mental global de indivíduos com TDAH persistente. Visa também avaliar a relação desses achados com o modelo de desinibição comportamental, considerando os perfis de desenvolvimento neurológico, personalidade e comorbidades. Métodos: Os pacientes foram selecionados consecutivamente a partir de uma amostra de conveniência no ambulatório de pesquisa do TDAH em adultos do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (n=458). O grupo controle foi composto de voluntários doadores de sangue no Hemocentro do mesmo hospital (n=121). Os diagnósticos foram realizados com base nos critérios do DSM-IV, sendo os sujeitos avaliados para o TDAH e o TOD através do K-SADS-E; para o TC e o transtorno de personalidade anti-social através do MINI; e através do SCID para as demais comorbidades. A gravidade do TDAH foi avaliada utilizando o SNAP, e a personalidade avaliada com o TCI (Cloninger). Na análise foram comparados os pacientes com TDAH e os controles. No caso das variáveis com diferenças significativas, comparamos três grupos: TDAH sem história de TC ou de TOD (n=178); TDAH com história de TOD (sem TC) (n=184) e TDAH com história de TC (com ou sem TOD) (n=96). Resultados: Pacientes com TDAH apresentaram um perfil mais grave na comparação com os controles em diversas variáveis, incluindo todas as comorbidades. Internamente ao grupo com TDAH, uma história positiva de TC (e, em grau menor, de TOD) associou-se a maior gravidade e a um perfil mais externalizador. Conclusão: Uma história positiva de TOD e TC na infância ou adolescência associa-se a um impacto negativo na saúde mental de sujeitos com TDAH persistente, reforçando o valor preditivo destes transtornos para a saúde mental do adulto. Estes achados sugerem uma ligação entre déficits do desenvolvimento, características de personalidade, e desdobramentos de psicopatologias, que é consistente com o conceito de cascada de desinibição comportamental. / Objective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD) are frequently co-occurring disorders in children and adolescents. However, their clinical status among adults is disputed. This study analyzes how the clinical presentation of persistent ADHD might be influenced by a childhood or adolescence history of CD and ODD, and how these findings fit in the behavioral disinhibition framework. Methods: Patients were ascertained in an ADHD outpatient clinic. Diagnoses were based on the DSM-IV criteria and all subjects were evaluated using the KSADS- E for ADHD and ODD, MINI for CD/ASPD, SCID-I for other comorbidities, SNAP-IV for ADHD severity and Cloninger’s Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) for personality. We compared patients with ADHD (n= 458) with controls (n=121). For those variables with significant differences, we compared three groups of patients: ADHD without history of CD or ODD (n=178); ADHD + history of ODD (without CD) (n=184) and ADHD + history of CD (with or without ODD) (n=96). Results: Patients with ADHD presented a worse profile than controls in several variables, including a higher frequency of all comorbidities. Within the ADHD group, a history of CD (and to a lower extent ODD) is associated with a more severe and externalizing profile. Conclusion: A history of CD and ODD entail a significant negative mental health impact on persistent ADHD, reinforcing the predictive validity of these entities in adulthood mental health. These findings suggest a link among neurodevelopmental deficits, personality characteristics, and unfolding of psychopathology consistent with the behavioral disinhibition cascade.
14

Transtornos externalizantes em adultos com TDAH

Vitola, Eduardo Schneider January 2011 (has links)
Objetivos: O transtorno de déficit de atenção/hiperatividade (TDAH), o transtorno de conduta (TC) e o transtorno opositor desafiante (TOD) frequentemente ocorrem juntos na infância. No entanto, a existência e importância destes transtornos na vida adulta ainda é motivo de discussão. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a extensão do impacto da história de TOD e TC na saúde mental global de indivíduos com TDAH persistente. Visa também avaliar a relação desses achados com o modelo de desinibição comportamental, considerando os perfis de desenvolvimento neurológico, personalidade e comorbidades. Métodos: Os pacientes foram selecionados consecutivamente a partir de uma amostra de conveniência no ambulatório de pesquisa do TDAH em adultos do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (n=458). O grupo controle foi composto de voluntários doadores de sangue no Hemocentro do mesmo hospital (n=121). Os diagnósticos foram realizados com base nos critérios do DSM-IV, sendo os sujeitos avaliados para o TDAH e o TOD através do K-SADS-E; para o TC e o transtorno de personalidade anti-social através do MINI; e através do SCID para as demais comorbidades. A gravidade do TDAH foi avaliada utilizando o SNAP, e a personalidade avaliada com o TCI (Cloninger). Na análise foram comparados os pacientes com TDAH e os controles. No caso das variáveis com diferenças significativas, comparamos três grupos: TDAH sem história de TC ou de TOD (n=178); TDAH com história de TOD (sem TC) (n=184) e TDAH com história de TC (com ou sem TOD) (n=96). Resultados: Pacientes com TDAH apresentaram um perfil mais grave na comparação com os controles em diversas variáveis, incluindo todas as comorbidades. Internamente ao grupo com TDAH, uma história positiva de TC (e, em grau menor, de TOD) associou-se a maior gravidade e a um perfil mais externalizador. Conclusão: Uma história positiva de TOD e TC na infância ou adolescência associa-se a um impacto negativo na saúde mental de sujeitos com TDAH persistente, reforçando o valor preditivo destes transtornos para a saúde mental do adulto. Estes achados sugerem uma ligação entre déficits do desenvolvimento, características de personalidade, e desdobramentos de psicopatologias, que é consistente com o conceito de cascada de desinibição comportamental. / Objective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD) are frequently co-occurring disorders in children and adolescents. However, their clinical status among adults is disputed. This study analyzes how the clinical presentation of persistent ADHD might be influenced by a childhood or adolescence history of CD and ODD, and how these findings fit in the behavioral disinhibition framework. Methods: Patients were ascertained in an ADHD outpatient clinic. Diagnoses were based on the DSM-IV criteria and all subjects were evaluated using the KSADS- E for ADHD and ODD, MINI for CD/ASPD, SCID-I for other comorbidities, SNAP-IV for ADHD severity and Cloninger’s Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) for personality. We compared patients with ADHD (n= 458) with controls (n=121). For those variables with significant differences, we compared three groups of patients: ADHD without history of CD or ODD (n=178); ADHD + history of ODD (without CD) (n=184) and ADHD + history of CD (with or without ODD) (n=96). Results: Patients with ADHD presented a worse profile than controls in several variables, including a higher frequency of all comorbidities. Within the ADHD group, a history of CD (and to a lower extent ODD) is associated with a more severe and externalizing profile. Conclusion: A history of CD and ODD entail a significant negative mental health impact on persistent ADHD, reinforcing the predictive validity of these entities in adulthood mental health. These findings suggest a link among neurodevelopmental deficits, personality characteristics, and unfolding of psychopathology consistent with the behavioral disinhibition cascade.
15

L'utilisation parentale de l'agression physique dans un contexte disciplinaire et la qualité de la relation d'atachement mère-enfant : relation de modération ou de médiation avec les troubles du comportement ?

Landry, Véronique January 2008 (has links)
Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.
16

Paauglių pirminės arterinės hipertenzijos sąsajos su fizine ir psichine sveikata bei širdies ir kraujagyslių ligų rizikos veiksniais / Correlation of primary arterial hypertension in adolescents with physical and mental health as well as with risk factors of cardiovascular disease

Simanauskas, Kazys 16 September 2013 (has links)
Moksliniais tyrimais nustatyta, kad širdies ir kraujagyslių sistemos ligų rizikos veiksniai atsiranda jau vaikystėje. Arterinė hipertenzija – vienas pagrindinių širdies ir kraujagyslių sistemos ligų rizikos veiksnių, neretai pasireiškia jau paauglystėje. Padidėjęs arterinis kraujo spaudimas, ilgainiui pažeidžia organus taikinius: kraujagysles, širdį, smegenis, inkstus, akis. Todėl nepavėluotam gydymui užtikrinti vis aktualesnė tampa ankstyva AH diagnostika, kuri leistų sumažinti ligos progresavimą, pailginti laiką iki komplikacijų pasireiškimo ir užtikrinti geresnę gyvenimo kokybę, nes sveikatos būklė vaikystėje turi įtakos sveikatos būklei suaugus. Pirmą kartą Lietuvoje kompleksiškai įvertinta sveikų ir sergančių pirmine arterine hipertenzija paauglių fizinė ir psichinė sveikata. Nustatėme, jog sergant pirmine arterine hipertenzija paauglystėje prasideda vidinės miego arterijos sienelės ankstyvi struktūriniai ir funkciniai pakitimai, kuriuos sukelia arterinė hipertenzija, rūkymas, alkoholio vartojimas bei uždegiminio proceso aktyvumas. Pirmą kartą vertinta paauglių arterinės hipertenzijos įtaka trombocitų agregacinei funkcijai, degranuliacijos reakcijai bei trombocitų ir monocitų adhezijai. Tyrime nustatyta, jog arterinė hipertenzija bei padidėjusi kūno masė veikia elgesio ir emocijų sutrikimus, gali padidinti širdies ir kraujagyslių ligų riziką. / Hypertension is one of the main causes of cardiovascular disease and the reason of early death in the world. Growing epidemiology data support a correlation between blood pressure at childhood and adolescence with the incidence of hypertension at adulthood. This is the first study in Lithuania presenting complex assessment of physical and mental health of healthy adolescents as well as of those with primary arterial hypertension. We found out that in case of primary arterial hypertension in adolescence development of early structural and functional changes of internal carotid artery takes place; these changes are determined by arterial hypertension, smoking, alcohol consumption and activity of inflammation process. The influence of arterial hypertension of the platelets aggregation function, reaction of degranulation and formation of platelets-monocytes complexes in adolescents was assessed for the first time. It was demonstrated in the study that arterial hypertension and increased body mass has an effect on behavioural and emotion disorders and may increase cardiovascular risk.
17

Paauglių pirminės arterinės hipertenzijos sąsajos su fizine ir psichine sveikata bei širdies ir kraujagyslių ligų rizikos veiksniais / Correlation of primary arterial hypertension in adolescents with physical and mental health as well as with risk factors of cardiovascular disease

Simanauskas, Kazys 16 September 2013 (has links)
Moksliniais tyrimais nustatyta, kad širdies ir kraujagyslių sistemos ligų rizikos veiksniai atsiranda jau vaikystėje. Arterinė hipertenzija – vienas pagrindinių širdies ir kraujagyslių sistemos ligų rizikos veiksnių, neretai pasireiškia jau paauglystėje. Padidėjęs arterinis kraujo spaudimas, ilgainiui pažeidžia organus taikinius: kraujagysles, širdį, smegenis, inkstus, akis. Todėl nepavėluotam gydymui užtikrinti vis aktualesnė tampa ankstyva AH diagnostika, kuri leistų sumažinti ligos progresavimą, pailginti laiką iki komplikacijų pasireiškimo ir užtikrinti geresnę gyvenimo kokybę, nes sveikatos būklė vaikystėje turi įtakos sveikatos būklei suaugus. Pirmą kartą Lietuvoje kompleksiškai įvertinta sveikų ir sergančių pirmine arterine hipertenzija paauglių fizinė ir psichinė sveikata. Nustatėme, jog sergant pirmine arterine hipertenzija paauglystėje prasideda vidinės miego arterijos sienelės ankstyvi struktūriniai ir funkciniai pakitimai, kuriuos sukelia arterinė hipertenzija, rūkymas, alkoholio vartojimas bei uždegiminio proceso aktyvumas. Pirmą kartą vertinta paauglių arterinės hipertenzijos įtaka trombocitų agregacinei funkcijai, degranuliacijos reakcijai bei trombocitų ir monocitų adhezijai. Tyrime nustatyta, jog arterinė hipertenzija bei padidėjusi kūno masė veikia elgesio ir emocijų sutrikimus, gali padidinti širdies ir kraujagyslių ligų riziką. / Hypertension is one of the main causes of cardiovascular disease and the reason of early death in the world. Growing epidemiology data support a correlation between blood pressure at childhood and adolescence with the incidence of hypertension at adulthood. This is the first study in Lithuania presenting complex assessment of physical and mental health of healthy adolescents as well as of those with primary arterial hypertension. We found out that in case of primary arterial hypertension in adolescence development of early structural and functional changes of internal carotid artery takes place; these changes are determined by arterial hypertension, smoking, alcohol consumption and activity of inflammation process. The influence of arterial hypertension of the platelets aggregation function, reaction of degranulation and formation of platelets-monocytes complexes in adolescents was assessed for the first time. It was demonstrated in the study that arterial hypertension and increased body mass has an effect on behavioural and emotion disorders and may increase cardiovascular risk.
18

L'utilisation parentale de l'agression physique dans un contexte disciplinaire et la qualité de la relation d'atachement mère-enfant : relation de modération ou de médiation avec les troubles du comportement ?

Landry, Véronique January 2008 (has links)
Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal
19

Progression of externalizing disorders into anxiety disorders: Longitudinal transitions in the first three decades of life

Knappe, Susanne, Martini, Julia, Muris, Peter, Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich, Beesdo-Baum, Katja 28 March 2023 (has links)
Background: There is a notable comorbidity between externalizing disorders and anxiety disorders, which may be explained by the co-occurrence of two prevalent early-onset disorders, by shared vulnerability and risk factors, or as evidence that one disorder group might be causally related to the other. Aim: To investigate the longitudinal trajectories of externalizing disorders, their interplay with anxiety disorders, and putative predictors for symptom progression in youth. Methods: 1053 adolescents (14–17 years) from the general population were assessed at baseline and prospectively at 2, 4, and 10-year follow-up using a standardized interview of mental disorders (DIA-X/M-CIDI) to assess “early” (oppositional-defiant disorder, conduct disorder, ADHD) and “late” (antisocial behavior, substance use disorders) externalizing disorders as well as anxiety disorders. Longitudinal associations and predictors for symptom progression were examined using Kaplan-Meier-analyses. Results: Lifetime prevalence of early externalizing disorders were 9.1% and 6.4% among those with and without any anxiety disorder. A late externalizing disorder was reported by 50.3% of those with an early externalizing disorder and in 26.6% of those with any anxiety disorder. Both early (HR: 1.5, 95%CI: 1.0–2.3) and late externalizing disorders (HR: 2.1, 95%CI: 1.7–2.6) were associated with incident anxiety disorders. Higher parental rejection, lower volitional inhibition, and higher volitional avoidance predicted incident anxiety disorders among those with early externalizing disorders. Discussion: Early externalizing disorders likely follow a homotypic continuity (to late externalizing disorders) and/or a heterotypic continuity to anxiety disorders, and thus appear as a useful target for prevention and early intervention.

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