Background: The construct of alexithymia implies a deficit in symbolization for emotional, somatic, and mental states. However, the etiologic factors for alexithymia have not yet been fully elucidated. The present study investigated the use of mentalizing language, i.e. the utterance of internal states, from a developmental perspective according to attachment organization and disorganization. Methods: A longitudinal design across 4 time points was applied to a volunteer sample of 42 children. At 12 months, children were tested with the strange situation procedure, the standard measure of attachment at the optimal age, and attachment classifications were taken of videotapes. At ages 17, 23, 30 and 36 months, mother and child were observed in simplified separation episodes of 30 min duration. Transcripts of the sessions were subject to coding of internal state words. Results: During the investigated span, securely attached children rapidly acquired emotion, physiology, cognition and emotion-regulatory language, whereas insecurely attached and disorganized children either completely lacked internal state language or displayed a considerable time lag in the use of emotion and cognition vocabulary. Conclusion: The results raise the possibility that alexithymia might be a consequence of deficits in the development of internal state language in the context of insecure or disorganized childhood attachment relationships. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

This diploma thesis Social Capital in Adulthood: Socialization Influences of Family Environment inquired into relation between environment in childhood and social capital in adulthood. At the very first part social capital was delimited according to Coleman's and Bourdieu's conceptualization. Selected characteristics of socialization environment were susequently described with emphasis on discerning of primary and secondary 5 socialization. In empirical part of the text parenting styles and joint activities of parents and children were operationalized. Five indicators of social capital in adulthood were subsequently prepared distinguishing its structural and cultural components. At the concluding part of the text five models of relations were built. As explaining variables were used family social capital, extracurricular activities and years of education. As explained variables were used five measured indicators of social capital: size of weak tie network, highest reachability of socioeconomic status, heterogeneity in the network of three closest friends. In cultural dimension of social capital were modelled influences on trust and tolerance. Analyses presented in empirical part of the text were created using data which came from sociological research Distinction and Values 2008 (SOÚ AV ČR, v.v.i.).

The hospitalization of a family member in an intensive care unit can be a very stressful time for the family. Family bedside rounds is one way for the care team to inform family members, answer questions, and involve them in care decisions. Few studies have examined the experiences of family members with ICU bedside rounds. A qualitative descriptive study, undergirded by the Family Management Style Framework developed by Knafl and Deatrick (1990, 2003) and Knafl, Deatrick, and Havill (2012), was done at an academic medical center examining families who both participated and did not participate in the family bedside rounds. The majority of families who participated (80%) found the process helpful. One overarching theme emerged from the data of participating families: Making a Connection: Comfort and Confidence. Two major factors influenced how that connection was made: consistency and preparing families for the future. Three types of consistency were identified: consistency with information being shared, consistency about when rounds were being held, and consistency with being informed of delays. The second major contributing factor was preparing families for the future. When a connection was present, families felt comfortable with the situation. When any of the factors were missing, families described feelings of anger, frustration, and fear. Family members who did not participate described feelings of disappointment and frustration about not having participated. As healthcare providers, what we say to families matters. They need to be included in decision-making with honest, consistent, easy-to-understand information.

[pt] O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar como se dá o exercício da parentalidade entre pais heterossexuais durante a vigência da conjugalidade e após deixarem de ser um casal conjugal, principalmente no tocante à garantia da convivência familiar aos filhos, observando os fatores sociais que têm interferido nessas relações. Pretendeu-se, ainda, analisar a frequência e qualidade do convívio da prole com ambas linhagens – materna e paterna – após a separação conjugal e desafios encontrados na composição de recursos para sustento da prole, durante a relação conjugal e também após a separação. De cunho qualitativo, o processo de pesquisa adotou a análise documental e a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas para produção de dados empíricos, e a análise de conteúdo para sua discussão. O corpus documental constituiu-se de formulários de primeiro atendimento do Serviço Social, processos da área de Direito de Família e acordos extrajudiciais feitos no Grupo Interdisciplinar de Mediação de Conflitos, todos disponíveis no sistema interno do Núcleo de Prática Jurídica (NPJ) da PUC-Rio. Após leitura desse material, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com usuários do NPJ que demonstraram interesse e disponibilidade. Mesmo nas informações coletadas de entrevistados do sexo masculino ficou evidente o papel da mulher como cuidadora principal dos filhos e do lar, remetendo à permanência de atribuição de tal responsabilidade à mãe ou a outra figura feminina. Outro dado importante foi a existência de conflitos quanto ao exercício da parentalidade já durante a vigência da conjugalidade que, de algum modo, eram suportados ou administrados. Após a separação conjugal, tais entraves são externalizados, sendo solicitado apoio para lidar com tais situações. Em todos os casos, também foi perceptível o lamento dos entrevistados por precisarem recorrer a uma terceira via para solucionar os conflitos existentes no núcleo familiar. / [en] The main objective of this work was to analyze how parenthood is performed by heterosexual parents during the period of conjugality and after they cease to be a conjugal couple, mainly regarding the guarantee of family coexistence for their children, observing whether social factors have interfered in these relationships. It was also sought the analyses of the frequency and quality of the offspring s interaction with both lineages – maternal and paternal – after marital split and of the challenges encountered in the composition of resources to support the offspring, during the marital relationship and also after separation. Through a qualitative approach, the research process adopted document analysis and semi-structured interviews to produce empirical data, and content analysis for its discussion. The documental corpus was composed by Social Work s first contact forms, cases in the area of Family Law and extrajudicial agreements made in the Interdisciplinary Group for Conflict Mediation, all available in the internal system of the Nucleus of Legal Practice (NPJ) of PUC-Rio. After reading this material, semi-structured interviews were conducted with NPJ users who showed interest and availability. Even in the information collected from male respondents, it was evident the woman s role as the main caregiver of the children and the home, referring the permanence of such attribution to the mother or another female figure. Another important data was the existence of conflicts regarding the exercise of parenthood already during the period of conjugality that, in some way, were supported or managed. After marital split such hindrances are externalized and support is requested to deal with such situations. In all cases, was also perceptible the regret of the interviewees for having to resort to a third way to resolve existing conflicts in the family nucleus.

Chan Chung Yee Zenobia. / "August 2003." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 407-438). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.

The family is a miniature society, where a child is afforded the opportunity to develop, form relationships and create his/her own identity. The child's development does not always take place without certain challenges. Different internal and external factors influence a child's development. Certain external factors, for instance a child with disabilities, can have a negative or positive influence on the child. The aim of this study is to determine the influence of the child with Cerebral Palsy on the social and emotional development of siblings. The research will be done using the idiographic method. The results show that the child with Cerebral Palsy does have an influence on the emotional and social development of siblings. / Educational Studies / M.Ed. (Inclusive Education)

Nous cherchions à explorer les compétences que les intervenants du service des urgences (SU), des médecins et des infirmières travaillant en équipe dans des rôles complémentaires, ont développées dans la divulgation d‘un décès, pour éclairer l‘apprentissage de cette compétence de « Communicateur ». Nous avons utilisé des entrevues semi-dirigées et un échantillonnage non probabiliste de 8 intervenants. Nous avons analysé les entrevues à l‘aide de méthodes qualitatives reconnues. Le nombre total de présences de nos intervenants à une divulgation est estimé supérieur à 2000. Notre analyse a démontré qu‘ils utilisent une structure de divulgation uniforme. Néanmoins, ils repoussaient l‘utilisation d‘un protocole, parce que jugé trop rigide. La flexibilité et l‘empathie se sont révélées des qualités essentielles pour les intervenants. Nous représentons la visite de la famille comme un épisode de désorganisation/dysfonction qui se résorbe partiellement durant le séjour au SU. Nous proposons un modèle pédagogique qui est basé sur nos résultats. / We explored the competencies that Emergency Department (ED) healthcare providers (HPs), physicians and nurses working as team members with complementary roles, have developed through notifications of death, to inform the teaching of this ‘Communicator‘ competency. We used semi-structured interviews on a non-probabilistic sample of 8 HPs. We analyzed the interviews using recognized qualitative methods. The total self-estimated number of death notifications attended by our HPs is superior to 2000. Analysis showed that experienced HPs use a uniform structure to death notification in ED. In spite of this, the use of a protocol for notification was considered inappropriate because it was deemed too rigid. Flexibility and empathy emerged as essential qualities for HPs. We submit that the family‘s ED visit is an episode of disorganization/dysfunction that gets partially resolved during their stay. Based on our results, we propose an educational model for teaching delivery of news of death in the ED.

Introdução: O relacionamento estabelecido entre profissionais de saúde, criança e família durante os cuidados de final de vida é complexo e multidimensional. Poucas evidências mostram como os relacionamentos são estabelecidos no contexto de final de vida da criança e influenciam no luto após a morte de um filho. Objetivo: Interpretar a experiência de pais sobre os relacionamentos estabelecidos com os profissionais de saúde durante o final de vida da criança com câncer no hospital. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, guiada pela hermenêutica filosófica de Gadamer. A coleta dos dados foi realizada por meio de observações de campo em um hospital oncológico pediátrico com famílias de crianças hospitalizadas em situação de final de vida, entrevista com pais enlutados pelo menos 6 meses após o óbito da criança e análise de prontuários. Para a análise dos dados, o processo de transcrição, leitura e releitura dos dados, revisão das notas de campo e reflexão sobre os dados com outros pesquisadores ajudaram na compreensão do fenômeno para a geração de interpretações. Para tanto, foram identificadas unidades de significados nos dados que, posteriormente, foram agrupadas por similaridade para a formação indutiva de temas. Resultados: Os relacionamentos entre pais e profissionais da saúde no final de vida da criança com câncer hospitalizada desvelam fenômenos do encontro e da interação interpessoal presentes na situação de doença, morte e perda. Esses relacionamentos são permeados pela presença de valores humanos e são estabelecidos de forma dinamica com vínculos diversos. Existem componentes evidentes no relacionamento durante o final de vida da criança no hospital, tal como o amparo, o silêncio, a deterioração, a tolerância, a hierarquia, o compartilhamento e a confiança, bem como, fatores internos e externos que influenciam nas interações. Por meio dos relacionamentos, os pais reavaliam o próprio papel, enquanto vivenciavam a experiência inesperada de perder um filho e significados atribuídos à doença e à perda são associados aos encontros mesmo anos após a morte do filho. Considerações finais: Os relacionamentos servem de base para fortalecer e suportar os pais a exercerem o papel de cuidadores para garantir a excelência no cuidado do filho. A qualidade dos relacionamentos entre pais e profissionais da saúde torna-se uma lembrança marcante no processo de luto e estabelecem uma conexão permanente com o filho falecido. Um olhar para o relacionamento entre familiares e profissionais integrando a ciência do cuidado proporciona a base de paradigmas não positivistas, que são urgentes nas situações de final de vida. Este estudo pode contribuir com as políticas de enfermagem na consolidação de futuras diretrizes sobre a qualidade na prática do cuidado de final de vida da criança, facilitando para as famílias manter vínculos significativos durante o processo de doença, perda e luto. / Introduction: The relationship established between family and healthcare providers during the childs end-of-life care is complex and multidimensional. There are few evidences which explore how these relationships during the childs last hospitalization influence familial adaptation after loss. Objective: To interpret parents experience in their relationship with healthcare providers during the childs end-of-life with cancer in the hospital. Methods: This is a qualitative research, guided by Gadamers philosophical hermeneutics. Data collection was through field observations conducted in a pediatric oncology hospital with hospitalized families in end-of-life situation, interviews with bereaved parents at least 6 month after the childs death and medical records analysis. For the data analysis, the process of transcription, reading and re-reading the data, reviewing field notes and reflection on the data with other researchers helped understand the phenomenon to generate interpretations. Therefore, units of meaning emerged from the data were grouped, and themes were inductively determined and submitted to an interpretation process. Results: Relationships between parents and healthcare providers during a childs end-of-life process unveil the encounters and interpersonal interactions phenomena in illness and loss trajectory. These relationships are permeated with human values and are established in a dynamic way with various bondings. There are evident components in a child´s end-of-life context, such as presence, silence, deteriorations, tolerance, hierarchy, collaboration and trusting, as well as internal and external factors which influence the interactions. Through relationships, parents reevaluate their own role, while they live the unexpected experience of losing a child and attribute meanings to the loss. Final considerations: Relationships serve as a basis for strengthening and supporting parents in providing excellence in the child\'s care. The quality of the relationship between parents and healthcare providers is a remarkable memory of the child\'s life during the bereavement process. Looking into the relationship between parents and providers integrating it with caring science provides a basis for non-positivist paradigms which are urgent in end-of-life situations. This study aims to contribute to end-of-life nursing policies in recognizing the components to improve the quality of the relationships as a starting point for care which will allow families to have a safe base while experiencing the child\'s illness and the bereavement process.

Este estudo descritivo, transversal e correlacional teve por objetivo geral investigar as relações existentes entre a medida da conjugalidade dos pais, tal como percebida e vivenciada pelos filhos, os níveis de bem-estar subjetivo e de satisfação em relacionamentos amorosos apresentados por estes filhos, bem como a variação desta relação em função do status conjugal dos filhos (casados, solteiros que namoram e solteiros que não namoram). Foi constituída uma amostra de conveniência composta por três grupos independentes, um de pessoas casadas havia no mínimo dois anos (Grupo A, N = 118, média de idade 41,55, DP = 10,01), um de solteiros que namoravam havia no mínimo um ano (Grupo B, N = 140, média de idade 21,99, DP = 3,16) e outro de pessoas solteiras que não namoravam também havia um ano (Grupo C, N = 116, média de idade 21,52, DP = 4,25). A amostra total foi do tipo não probabilística, totalizando 374 participantes. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Questionário de Identificação do Participante, incluindo uma pergunta geral de satisfação no relacionamento atual (SR); Critério Abipeme; Escala de Bem-estar Subjetivo (EBES) para avaliar os afetos positivos (AP), afetos negativos (AN), satisfação com a vida (SV) e bem-estar subjetivo (BES); Escala Fatorial de Satisfação com o Relacionamento de Casal (EFS-RC), que permite apreciar a satisfação em relação à atração física e sexualidade (SAFS) e a satisfação com afinidade de interesses e comportamentos (SAIC); e o Questionário de Conjugalidade dos Pais (QCP). As análises foram realizadas com o auxílio do software SPSS for Windows versão 17.0. Após a aplicação do teste de normalidade Kolmogorov-Smirnov, foi empregada estatística não-paramétrica para análise de correlações (Spearman). Os dados foram normalizados para a comparação entre os grupos (ANOVA e ANCOVA) e para as análises de regressão múltipla (método stepwise), considerando as variáveis de satisfação no relacionamento (SR, SAFS, SAIC), e de bem estar subjetivo (AP, AN, SV e BES) como variáveis dependentes. O nível de significância adotado foi p < 0,05. Na amostra total, a percepção sobre a conjugalidade dos pais (PCP) correlacionou-se significativamente com a SAFS (rho = 0,20; p < 0,001) e, entre os casados, com a SAIC (rho = 0,22; p = 0,017), 20 Fabio Scorsolini-Comin embora sejam associações consideradas fracas. Nos solteiros que namoram, não houve correlações significativas com a PCP. A PCP foi uma das preditoras da SAFS, SAIC, AP, AN, SV e do BES, não rejeitando as hipóteses 1 e 3 do estudo, segundo as quais a PCP estaria correlacionada à satisfação dos filhos em seus relacionamentos amorosos (H1) e com o seu bem-estar (H3). As variáveis de satisfação no relacionamento estão associadas aos fatores do BES, não rejeitando a hipótese 2. Os níveis médios da PCP foram significativamente diferentes entre solteiros e casados, não rejeitando a hipótese 4. Considerando as diferenças de idade entre os grupos e para controlar os possíveis efeitos desta variável, efetuou-se uma análise de covariância (ANCOVA), considerando a idade como covariada. Esta análise permitiu compreender melhor o papel da variável idade na PCP e os resultados apoiam a interpretação de que a idade seria uma variável desenvolvimental poderosa, que resgataria experiências acumuladas ao longo da vida. Sugere-se que estudos adicionais sejam realizados para dar suporte a essa primeira conclusão. Os casados avaliaram de modo mais negativo o casamento dos pais em comparação com os solteiros, possivelmente por realizarem um julgamento menos idealizado e mais amadurecido do relacionamento parental. Conclui-se que a percepção da conjugalidade dos pais, por ser uma das variáveis que explicariam o bem-estar subjetivo e a satisfação nos relacionamentos amorosos dos filhos, é um fenômeno que deve ser associado à qualidade conjugal e ao estabelecimento de relacionamentos interpessoais considerados positivos, o que pode ser balizador para futuras investigações e práticas de intervenção com casais. / This descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational study aimed to investigate the relationship between the measure of parental conjugality as perceived and experienced by children, the levels of subjective well-being and the satisfaction in romantic relationships displayed by these children, as well the variation of this relationship as a function of marital status of children (married, single and dating and singles who do not date). It was selected a convenient sample comprised by three independent groups: (1) two-year-old married people (Group A, N = 118, mean age 41.55, SD = 10.01); (2) single people who have dated over at least one year (Group B, N = 140, mean age 21.99, SD = 3.16); and (3) single people who had not been in a relationship since one year earlier (Group C, N = 116, mean age 21.52 , SD = 4.25). The total sample was non-probabilistic, summing 374 subjects. The following instruments were applied: Questionnaire for the Identification of Participant including a general question of satisfaction in current relationship (SR); Abipeme Criterion; Scale of Subjective Well-being (EBES) to assess positive affect (AP), negative affect (AN), satisfaction with life (SV) and well-being (BES); Satisfaction with Couple Relationships Factorial Scale (EFS-RC), which evaluates satisfaction in relation to physical attraction and sexuality (SAFS) and satisfaction with common interests and behaviors (SAIC) and the Parental Questionnaire Conjugality (QCP). The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 17.0 for Windows. After applying the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, it was run a statistical non-parametric correlation analysis (Spearman). The data were normalized for comparison between groups (ANOVA and ANCOVA) and multiple regression analyzes (stepwise method), considering the variables of satisfaction in the relationship (SR, SAFS, SAIC), along with subjective well-being (AP, AN, SV and BES) as dependent variables. The significance level was p < 0.05. In the total sample, the perception of parents\' marital (PCP) was significantly correlated with the SAFS (rho = .20; p < .001) and among married, with SAIC (rho = .22; p = .017), although associations are considered weak. For the group singles who date, no significant correlations with the PCP were found. The PCP was one of the predictors 22 Fabio Scorsolini-Comin of SAFS, SAIC, AP, AN, SV and BES, not rejecting hypotheses 1 and 3 of the study, according to which the PCP was correlated to the satisfaction of the children in their love relationships (H1) and their well-being (H3). The variables of satisfaction in the relationship are factors associated with the BES, not rejecting the hypothesis 2. The average levels of PCP were significantly different between single and married, not rejecting the hypothesis 4. Considering the age differences between groups and to control the possible effects of this variable, it was performed an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), considering age as a covariate. This analysis allowed to better understanding the role of the age variable in the PCP and the results support the interpretation that age would be a powerful developmental variable, which redeem accumulated experiences throughout life. It is suggested that additional studies should be conducted to support this initial conclusion. Married participants have considered parents\' marriage more negatively compared to single participants, possibly by evaluating in a less idealized way besides a more mature judgment of the parental relationship. It was concluded that perception of parental conjugality, as one of the variables that explain the subjective well-being as well as satisfaction in romantic relationships of their children, is a phenomenon that should be associated with marital quality and the establishment of positive interpersonal relationship, which could be a landmark for future research and intervention practices with couples.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-06-22T12:19:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Leda Fleury Monastero.pdf: 2269157 bytes, checksum: 586806dc694b61b86f9a496b97f836a5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-22T12:19:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leda Fleury Monastero.pdf: 2269157 bytes, checksum: 586806dc694b61b86f9a496b97f836a5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-19 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / The increase of 246% of the imprisoned women population between 2000 and 2012 is an evident reality in our country that amounts to 37,200 women sent to jail in 2016. It is the fifth largest population in the world. 72% of the reasons for female incarceration are drug-related offences, which raises the gender issue identified by the lower-ranking functions performed by women. Former studies have revealed that the deepest concern of inmate mothers is over their children and their care. This research aims to understand, after a mother imprisonment, the dynamics of family-relationships in the new arrangements made by families. The study adopts a qualitative approach, pursuing a narrative research that analyzes the stories lived and told by participants, based either on their oral or written reports. The narratives of 5 imprisoned mothers were collected in three jails in the city of São Paulo. The narratives of the 12 children they have, and 5 caregivers were taken at their homes and other public places. The reports were ordered from the family's past before imprisonment, followed by their life and family relationship while in jail, up to their future expectations after their release from jail. It was possible to identify the strength and value that these families hold; the huge worry about mothering they nurture; conveivable and ingenious arrangements that each family system makes. It was also possible to see familiar patterns repeating from generation to generation; such as violence and gender related issues. Besides providing fundamental aspects about the life these women and their families live what allows us a better understanding of the situation, this work aims to render subsidies for alternative public policies to women confinment with deprivation of liberty / O aumento de 246% da população carcerária feminina, entre 2000 e 2012 é uma realidade comprovada em nosso país, que totaliza 37.200 mulheres presas em 2016, ocupando o 5º lugar no mundo. 72% dos motivos de encarceramento feminino é o tráfico de drogas, que levanta a questão de gênero identificada pelas funções subalternas desempenhadas pelas mulheres. Estudos anteriores mostraram que a maior preocupação das mães encarceradas é com os filhos e seus cuidados. Esta pesquisa objetivou compreender as dinâmicas das relações familiares surgidas após o encarceramento da mãe, nos arranjos feitos pelas famílias. O estudo adotou uma abordagem qualitativa, realizando uma pesquisa narrativa onde se analisa as histórias vividas e contadas pelos participantes, a partir de seus relatos orais ou escritos. As narrativas de 5 mães encarceradas foram colhidas em três penitenciárias na cidade de São Paulo e dos 12 filhos e 5 cuidadores, em suas residências e outros locais públicos. Os relatos foram ordenados a partir do passado familiar, antes do encarceramento, a vida prisional e a relação com a família e as expectativas para o futuro, após a saída da prisão. Foi possível identificar a força e o valor que a família possui; a grande preocupação com a maternagem; os arranjos possíveis e criativos de cada sistema familiar; as repetições de padrões familiares entre as gerações; as questões de violência e de gênero. Além de fornecer aspectos importantes sobre as características de vida dessas mulheres e seus familiares que possibilitam melhor compreensão da situação enfocada, este trabalho pretende oferecer subsídios para políticas públicas alternativas ao encarceramento feminino com privação da liberdade