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A phenomenological study : end of life decision makingGenot, Carrie J. January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--Medical College of Ohio, 2005. / "In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Nursing." Major advisor: Joanne Ehrmin. Includes abstract. Document formatted into pages: ii, 63 p. Title from title page of PDF document. Bibliography: pages 59-61.
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A male caregiver's perceived experience of caring for a wife with strokeDawson-Weiss, Judith. January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--Medical College of Ohio, 2005. / "In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Nursing." Major advisor: Linda Pierce. Includes abstract. Document formatted into pages: vi, 56 p. Title from title page of PDF document. Bibliography: pages 46-50.
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Šeimos modelių konstravimas Lietuvos žiniasklaidoje / Family models construction in Lithuanian mass mediaMačiulytė, Raimonda 16 June 2008 (has links)
Globalizacijos ir sparčios kaitos laikais Lietuvos šeima išgyvena daug pokyčių, kalbama apie jos krizę ir destabilizaciją. Kadangi žiniasklaida yra tapusi svarbiu socializacijos faktoriumi, tai jos vaidmuo platinant suvokimą apie šeimą ir konstruojant šeimos bei partnerystės reikšmes atlieka lemiamą vaidmenį kuriant socialinius simbolius bei reikšmes. Šiame darbe siekta atskleisti spaudos perduodamuose pranešimuose konstruojamus šeimos modelius ir lyčių vaidmenis šeimoje.
Teorinėje darbo dalyje taikant literatūros šaltinių analizę aptarta, kokia yra žiniasklaidos ir socialinio pasaulio sąveika, kokią įtaką žiniasklaida turi socialinės tikrovės konstravime. Įvardinta šeimos, jos formų samprata, pristatytos pagrindinės jai kylančias grėsmės. Darbe naudojamos socialinio konstruktyvizmo ir darbotvarkės nustatymo (agenda-setting) teorijos, nes jos siejasi tarpusavyje. Abi pabrėžia objektyvios tikrovės svarbą ir tai, kad tam tikrų problemų struktūravimas ne visada atspindi tikrovę. Kadangi žiniasklaida yra vienas svarbiausių šeimos modelių konstravimo įrankių, tai buvo atlikta dviejų Lietuvos dienraščių – „Lietuvos rytas“, „Vakaro žinios“ ir vieno regioninio laikraščio „Tauragės kurjeris“ publikacijų šeimos tema turinio analizė. Tyrimui buvo atrinkti 2007 m. liepos-gruodžio mėn. nacionaliniuose dienraščiuose publikuoti 918 straipsnių ir 150 straipsnių, publikuotų „Tauragės kurjeryje“ visais 2007 metų mėnesiais.
Atlikus tyrimą išryškėja, kad vyro ir moters santuoka grįsta šeima... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / During the globalization and rapid alternation times, Lithuanian family experiences a lot of changes, there is discussed its crisis and destabilization. Due to the fact that the mass media has become a very significant factor of socialization, its role while spreading the comprehension concerning a family as well as constructing the meanings of a family or partnership, are crucial while designing social symbols and meanings. In the following work there has been sought to reveal the constructed model of a family and roles of genders in a family that are communicated in the press publications.
In the theoretic part, while applying the analysis of the literature resources there has been discussed what the interaction of the mass media and social world is as well as what the impact of the mass media on the construction of the social reality is. There is enumerated the concept of a family and its forms and there are introduced basic threats that arise to it. In the paper there applied the theories of social constructivism and agenda-setting, because they are interconnected. Both theories define the significance of the objective reality and the fact that the structuring of the certain issues in the mass media does not always reveal the reality.
Whereas the mass media is one of the most important tools fro the formation of family models, there has been carried out the contents analysis of the publications under the family issue in two Lithuanian daily newspapers – ‘Lietuvos rytas’... [to full text]
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Друштвени статус и модели једнородитељских породица / Društveni status i modeli jednoroditeljskih porodica / Social status and models of single parents familiesNovakov Marina 15 December 2015 (has links)
<p>Предмет докторске дисертације је једнородитељска породица. Једнородитељске породице чини један родитељ са својом децом (дететом) и оне представљају један од облика модерне породице. Проблеми и потребе једнородитељских породица су постали веома актуелан предмет социолошког интересовања у свету последњих неколико деценија, када је нуклеарна породица преживела крупне промене. Једнородитељска породица се више не може посматрати као реткост будући да само на територији Републике Србије приближно свако пето дете одрасте у породици са једним родитељем. Разлози њиховог настанка су варирали кроз историју: док су некада једнородитељске породице биле превасходно удовичке, данас све више настају разводом брака и ванбрачним рађањима.<br />Анализа једнородитељских породица се базира на резултатима теренског истраживања које је спроведено током 2012. године на узорку од укупно 200 родитеља који су носиоци једнородитељске породице.<br />Циљ истраживања је био да се покаже каква је унутрашња динамика, као и односи једнородитељских породица са сродничким и најближим социјалним окружењем. Поред наведеног, анализиран је друштвени статус различитих подскупина самохраних родитеља, како би се осветлило да ли су, и колико, ове породице прихваћене од стране социјалне околине. Такође, истраживање је стављено у контекст друштвеног поретка у коме се преламају традиционалне норме са актуелним друштвеним токовима. Почетна претпоставка је била да лоша економска ситуација друштва, као једна од последица транзиционих промена у којима се Србија нашла крајем прошлог и почетком овог миленијума, највећим делом је обележила и најсиромашнију демографску групу – једнородитељске породице. При том, као што су потврдили и резултати истраживања, још увек традиционално јака породична солидарност на овим просторима, представља значајан извор подршке родитељима који сами одгајају дете. Резултати истраживања су показали и да су највећи проблеми са којима су суочене једнородитељске породице управо финансијске тешкоће. Перцепција односа друштвене средине од стране испитаника је таква да, по њиховом мишљењу, углавном нису били изложени негативним реакцијама, као ни њихова деца. Такође, њихов потенцијал за заснивање прекомбиноване породице није велики.</p> / <p>Predmet doktorske disertacije je jednoroditeljska porodica. Jednoroditeljske porodice čini jedan roditelj sa svojom decom (detetom) i one predstavljaju jedan od oblika moderne porodice. Problemi i potrebe jednoroditeljskih porodica su postali veoma aktuelan predmet sociološkog interesovanja u svetu poslednjih nekoliko decenija, kada je nuklearna porodica preživela krupne promene. Jednoroditeljska porodica se više ne može posmatrati kao retkost budući da samo na teritoriji Republike Srbije približno svako peto dete odraste u porodici sa jednim roditeljem. Razlozi njihovog nastanka su varirali kroz istoriju: dok su nekada jednoroditeljske porodice bile prevashodno udovičke, danas sve više nastaju razvodom braka i vanbračnim rađanjima.<br />Analiza jednoroditeljskih porodica se bazira na rezultatima terenskog istraživanja koje je sprovedeno tokom 2012. godine na uzorku od ukupno 200 roditelja koji su nosioci jednoroditeljske porodice.<br />Cilj istraživanja je bio da se pokaže kakva je unutrašnja dinamika, kao i odnosi jednoroditeljskih porodica sa srodničkim i najbližim socijalnim okruženjem. Pored navedenog, analiziran je društveni status različitih podskupina samohranih roditelja, kako bi se osvetlilo da li su, i koliko, ove porodice prihvaćene od strane socijalne okoline. Takođe, istraživanje je stavljeno u kontekst društvenog poretka u kome se prelamaju tradicionalne norme sa aktuelnim društvenim tokovima. Početna pretpostavka je bila da loša ekonomska situacija društva, kao jedna od posledica tranzicionih promena u kojima se Srbija našla krajem prošlog i početkom ovog milenijuma, najvećim delom je obeležila i najsiromašniju demografsku grupu – jednoroditeljske porodice. Pri tom, kao što su potvrdili i rezultati istraživanja, još uvek tradicionalno jaka porodična solidarnost na ovim prostorima, predstavlja značajan izvor podrške roditeljima koji sami odgajaju dete. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali i da su najveći problemi sa kojima su suočene jednoroditeljske porodice upravo finansijske teškoće. Percepcija odnosa društvene sredine od strane ispitanika je takva da, po njihovom mišljenju, uglavnom nisu bili izloženi negativnim reakcijama, kao ni njihova deca. Takođe, njihov potencijal za zasnivanje prekombinovane porodice nije veliki.</p> / <p>The subject of this dissertation is a single-parent<br />family. Single-parent families consist of one parent<br />with his children (child) and they represent a form of<br />modern families. The problems and needs of singleparent<br />families have become very topical subject of<br />sociological interest in the world in the past few<br />decades, when the nuclear family survived major<br />changes. Single-parent families can no longer be<br />regarded as a rarity, since only on the territory of the<br />Republic of Serbia, approximately every fifth child<br />grows up in a family with a single parent. The reasons<br />for their occurrence varied through history: while the<br />former single-parent families were mostly widows,<br />nowadays they increasingly occur through divorce and<br />ilegitimate births.<br />Analysis of single-parent families is based on the<br />results of field research conducted in 2012 on a<br />sample of 200 parents who are carriers of singleparentfamilies.<br />The aim was to show what the internal dynamics, as<br />well as relations of single-parent families with kinship<br />and closest social environment. In addition, we<br />analyzed the social status of different subgroups of<br />single parents, in order to reveal if and how these<br />families were accepted by the social environment.<br />Also, research was done in the context of social order<br />in which occur the break of traditional norms with<br />current social trends. Initial assumption was that the<br />poor economic situation of society, as a consequence<br />of transitional changes in which Serbia found itself at<br />the turn of this millennium, mostly marked the poorest<br />demographic group - single-parent families. In<br />addition, as confirmed by the results of our research, still traditionally strong family solidarity in the region is</p><p>an important source of support for parents who raise a<br />child(ren) alone. The results showed that the biggest<br />problems faced by single-parent families are financial<br />difficulties. The respondents perception of the<br />relationship of the social environment to them,<br />according to their opinion, were generally not<br />negative, as well as regarding to their children. Also,<br />their potential for grounding of the recombined family<br />isn’t great.</p>
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Female employment, gender roles, and attitudes : The Baltic countries in a broader contextMotiejūnaitė, Akvilė January 2008 (has links)
This thesis consists of four constituent studies exploring several common themes: female participation in employment, normative assumptions regarding the proper roles of males and females, and social change. The underlying focus is gendered division of work, which is explored through the concept of family models. These models are conceptualized with reference to the interrelationships between female employment, availability of care services outside the family, and sharing of care work within the family. The empirical analysis is mostly based on the Baltic countries, but also includes Germany, Sweden, and Russia. By examining the variation between the countries, the research aims to highlight some common issues regarding the gendered division of work, issues that bridge the East/West divide. The data come from three sources: 1) available national descriptive statistics, 2) surveys, namely, the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) ‘Family and Changing Gender Roles’ modules and the European Values Survey (EVS), and 3) nineteen problem-centred interviews with women who experienced hardships in the Lithuanian labour market. The analyzed time period starts with the collapse of socialism. The studies call into question the assumption that strong support for the traditional ‘male breadwinner/female carer’ family model in post-socialist societies contributed to the exclusion of women from the labour market. Comparing male and female employment indicators revealed no general pattern of female exclusion from the labour market. Moreover, gender-role attitudes are neither uniform nor traditional in the studied societies. The most valid generalization would be that there is a trend towards less traditional attitudes over time, more precisely, towards greater acceptance of women’s working roles. Summarizing the current situation regarding the gendered division of work, with reference to policies, practices, and attitudes, reveals the presence of ‘adult worker’ family models in Eastern Europe.
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Low-rank methods for heterogeneous and multi-source data / Méthodes de rang faible pour les données hétérogènes et multi-sourceRobin, Geneviève 11 June 2019 (has links)
Dans les applications modernes des statistiques et de l'apprentissage, il est courant que les données récoltées présentent un certain nombre d'imperfections. En particulier, les données sont souvent hétérogènes, c'est-à-dires qu'elles contiennent à la fois des informations quantitatives et qualitatives, incomplètes, lorsque certaines informations sont inaccessibles ou corrompues, et multi-sources, c'est-à-dire qu'elles résultent de l'agrégation de plusieurs jeux de données indépendant. Dans cette thèse, nous développons plusieurs méthodes pour l'analyse de données hétérogènes, incomplètes et multi-source. Nous nous attachons à étudier tous les aspects de ces méthodes, en fournissant des études théoriques précises, ainsi que des implémentations disponibles au public, et des évaluations empiriques. En particulier, nous considérons en détail deux applications issues de l'écologie pour la première et de la médecine pour la seconde. / In modern applications of statistics and machine learning, one often encounters many data imperfections. In particular, data are often heterogeneous, i.e. combine quantitative and qualitative information, incomplete, with missing values caused by machine failure or nonresponse phenomenons, and multi-source, when the data result from the compounding of diverse sources. In this dissertation, we develop several methods for the analysis of multi-source, heterogeneous and incomplete data. We provide a complete framework, and study all the aspects of the different methods, with thorough theoretical studies, open source implementations, and empirical evaluations. We study in details two particular applications from ecology and medical sciences.
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Modelo Weibull modificado de longa duraçãoOliveira, Cleyton Zanardo de 07 December 2011 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2011-12-07 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / When a group of patients is monitored until a pre-established date for observation of the
recurrence time of an event, it is possible that, at the end of the monitoring period, a parcel of such
group has not yet suffered the event of interest. When that happens, even if the period is extended,
there is evidence that an appropriate model for the theoretical survival function of the time until the
event occurs would be one model able to bear this kind of data. This class of long duration models will
be defined because the form presented by the nonparametric estimation of hazard function in this type
of study indicates that the model should be flexible to allow such function to be increasing, decreasing,
constant or U-shaped. In this report, we present the long duration modified Weibull model (LDMW)
as a proposal to contemplate the issues in the medicine area. The LDMW model has a flexible hazard
curve, which enables adjustment when the hazard is decreasing, increasing, U-shaped, unimodal,
initially decreasing and posteriorly unimodal and constant. The report also particularizes models
already known in the literature that contemplate long duration, such as the long duration Weibull
(LDW), long duration Exponential (LDE) and short duration models, such as the modified Weibull
(MW), Weibull and Exponential. The simulations showed that the odds of coverage reach the nominal
probability of 95% for moderately to big sized samples, that the LDMW p model parameters
estimation is costless when compared to the MW and that the selection criteria of the AIC and BIC
models are not adequate to discriminate the LDMW model adjustment when compared to the LDW
model adjustment for small or moderately sized samples. The LDMW model and its particular cases
were adjusted into two sets of real data considering the Classic and Bayesian Inference. The first data
set is about the time until the seroreversion of children born from HIV-positive mothers and the
second data set is about the recurrence time of breast cancer in women. / Quando um grupo de pacientes é seguido até uma data pré-estabelecida, para a observação do
tempo até a ocorrência de um evento, pode acontecer que, na data de término do acompanhamento,
uma parcela do grupo não tenha sofrido o evento de interesse. Quando ocorre, ainda que se estenda o
prazo, existem indícios de que um modelo adequado para a função de sobrevivência teórica do tempo
até a ocorrência do evento seja um modelo que comporte esse tipo de dados. Será definida essa classe
de modelos de longa duração, pois a forma apresentada pela estimativa não paramétrica da função de
risco, nesse tipo de estudo, indica que o modelo deve ser flexível no sentido de permitir que a função
de risco seja uma função crescente, decrescente, constante ou em forma de U. Nesta dissertação,
apresenta-se o modelo Weibull modificado de longa duração (WMLD) como proposta para
contemplar os problemas na área médica. O modelo WMLD possui curva de risco flexível,
possibilitando o ajuste quando há o risco decrescente, crescente, forma de U, unimodal, inicialmente
decrescente e, posteriormente, descrevendo forma unimodal e constante. Particulariza modelos já
conhecidos na literatura que contemplam a longa duração como o Weibull de longa duração (WLD),
exponencial de longa duração (ELD) e modelos de curta duração, como Weibull modificado (WM),
Weibull e exponencial. As simulações feitas mostraram que as probabilidades de cobertura atingem a
probabilidade nominal de 95% para amostras moderadas a grandes, que não existe custo de estimação
do parâmetro p do modelo WMLD, quando comparado com o WLD, e que os critérios de seleção de
modelos AIC e BIC não são adequados para discriminar o ajuste do modelo WMLD comparado com o
ajuste do modelo WLD, para tamanhos de amostras pequenos ou moderados. Ajustou-se o modelo
WMLD e seus casos particulares em dois conjuntos de dados reais, considerando a inferência clássica
e a bayesiana. O primeiro conjunto de dados trata-se do tempo até a sororreversão de crianças que
nasceram de mães portadoras do vírus HIV e o segundo trata-se do tempo até a recidiva em mulheres
com câncer de mama.
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Les usages sociaux des groupes de travail au Sénégal : facteurs d'égalisation des chances à l'école / Social uses of work groups in Senegal : school opportunities leveling factorsNdiaye, Macodou 06 December 2013 (has links)
Les groupes de travail font partie des principaux animateurs informels de la vie scolaire au Sénégal. Alors qu’ils sont au cœur des activités de sociabilité scolaire observées dans l’enseignement secondaire, ils n’ont fait l’objet d’aucune analyse sociologique. Force est pourtant de reconnaître qu' ils sont devenus des espaces concurrents et alternatifs à la transmission officielle des contenus d’enseignement face à l’incapacité croissante de l’école à assurer cette mission essentielle d’encadrement des élèves. Les enquêtes qualitative et quantitative effectuées auprès de 110 groupes de travail montrent que ces derniers sont un espace d’activation des pratiques sexuées. Deux modèles de socialisation introverti et extraverti régulent les activités sociales et les projets scolaires et professionnels des élèves. Le modèle introverti pousse les filles à faire un usage limité des activités de sociabilité scolaire et à privilégier leur projet matrimonial et les formations de courte durée ; tout le contraire du modèle extraverti qui incline les garçons à construire un projet scolaire et professionnel solide. Cette thèse interroge les transformations en cours, dans les modes de sociabilité sénégalaise, s’expliquant en partie par l’accès des femmes aux secteurs modernes de l’emploi. Cette présence féminine sur le marché de l’emploi n’a pas forcément entraîné une renégociation des rapports parentaux. L’étude du rôle des groupes de travail dans la réussite scolaire des élèves montre que les groupes sociaux défavorisés tirent un grand bénéfice des activités de sociabilité scolaire, par l’accès à un espace social favorable à la création de vocations scolaire et professionnelle. / Work groups are part of the main informal school life-stirring factors in Senegal. Though they are at the core of socializing activities in high school education, they have never been studied on a sociological basis. Nevertheless, one has to admit that in the past years, they have become simultaneous and alternative to official and regular transmission of education contents due to the ever growing incapacity of school to take on this essential mission of students’ supervision. Qualitative and quantitative surveys carried towards 110 work groups show that these groups are where gender-related practices start off. Two socializing models, introverted and extroverted, regulate social activities and school and professional projects. The model we shall call “introverted” lead girls, one the one hand, to a limited use of school sociability activities in order to favor their matrimonial project and short-term trainings. On the other hand, boys in this model are encouraged to build on a strong school and professional project. This thesis study questions the on-going transformations in the Senegalese socializing trends, that can be partly explained by the access of women to modern employment sectors. This feminine presence on the employment market doesn’t trigger necessarily a negotiation in parental terms. The study of the work groups’ role in school success show that disadvantaged social groups benefit a lot from socializing activities through access to a social space prone to school and professional vocations.
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