Fundamentado na inter-relação dos sistemas naturais, sociais e culturais, esse estudo procurou compreender como se organiza a pesca da manjuba (Anchoviella lepidentostole) em Iguape/ SP, as dinâmicas de apropriação dos espaços produtivos e os conhecimentos envolvidos na prática dessa atividade. Do mesmo modo, objetivou compreender quais os fundamentos que viabilizam o uso compartilhado dos recursos pesqueiros. A partir dessas concepções foram descritas as lógicas comunitárias que permeiam as formas de acesso e exercem a manutenção e a gestão desses espaços.Os contornos do trabalho foram delimitados pelos conhecimentos tradicionais dos pescadores, que, fomentaram, juntamente com as inclinações teóricas utilizadas, o diálogo com o conhecimento cientifico. Buscou-se, dessa forma, valorizar a articulação dos saberes, a interação entre Sociedade e Natureza a fim de colaborar com as discussões contemporâneas sobre o manejo dos recursos naturais. / Based on the ecological, social and cultural interaction, this work has searched for the understanding of Manjuba fishing organization (Anchoviella lepidentostole) in the city of Iguape, (São Paulo Brazil), the dynamic of productive marine space appropriation and the knowledge involved in this practice. At the same time, looked for a comprehension of the fishing resource sharing fundamentals. These concepts were the foundation to the description of the local rules for management that are used by artisanal fishers, and for aspects of territoriality. This work borders were limited by the traditional fishers knowledge, that, together with the theory inclinations foment the scientific knowledge dialog. The final objective was demonstrating the interaction value of the human and nature, include the importance in using local rules for natural fishing resources management.

El proyecto de tesis propone revertir la situación en la que se encuentra la Caleta de Chorrillos, un Puerto pesquero artesanal que no cuenta con las infraestructuras necesarias ni condiciones sanitarias que requiere dicha actividad. Para su renovación, se toman en cuenta las necesidades de la comunidad pesquera y de la comunidad de Chorrillos, así como de las actividades existentes de la zona. Con ello se propone un Complejo pesquero artesanal productivo, comercial y turístico, en donde se logre integrar las expectativas del pescador artesanal, con las expectativas de uso recreativo que se demandan en la costa. Es así, que se propone un diseño arquitectónico que permita una simultaneidad de usos en un mismo espacio, y un diseño arquitectónico que actúe como vínculo entre la tierra y el mar, en donde ésta se inserte de una manera respetuosa en su entorno natural y que promueva una mejor relación del hombre con el mar. / This project seeks to change and transform the actual situation of the Caleta of Chorrillos: an artisanal fishing port that doesn’t have the necessary infrastructure nor sanitary conditions required by this activity. It’s important to prioritize the needs of the local fishing and civil community of Chorrillos, as well as the local social activities for its renovation. This renovation proposes a productive and commercial fishing port that’s also a tourist attraction, and that integrates the local fishermen’s expectations with the daily social and recreational activities of the coastal promenade. This is why the objective of this thesis is too propose an architectural design that permits a simultaneity of uses in the same space and an architectural design that works as a link between land and sea. This design will blend respectfully with its natural surroundings and will develop a better relationship between Men and Nature. / Tesis

La présente étude s’intéresse, dans une perspective anthropologique, à lier acteurs et chercheurs à la gestion halieutique d’une ressource dont la visibilité économique et sociale est en pleine expansion. L’observation et l’analyse de la pêche artisanale telle qu’elle est pratiquée par les Indiens Tzutuj’iil au lac Atitlán (Guatemala) constitue une activité clef où se donne à voir la configuration croisée des subjectivités et du collectif, un lieu privilégié où se tissent des filets de relations entre les pêcheurs, entre les pêcheurs et le lac, entre les pêcheurs et le chercheur. En vue d’apprécier ce qui est en train de se passer collectivement, des relations ont été élaborées entre les champs cinématographiques et anthropologiques. Cette recherche mène conjointement une approche sensible - le cinéma - et une approche sociale et culturelle en vue de rendre compte des liens empreints de contingence et non univoques entre les représentations collectives et les pratiques. À l’inverse d’une anthropologie partagée où prime le nom d’un réalisateur, ce travail suscite une anthropologie partageable au sein de laquelle le pluriel, ce mode grammatical de la relativité, s’avère propice à une science du divers. Ainsi, à partir d’une scène halieutique où se déploient des gestes traditionnels, cette recherche privilégie grâce aux nouvelles technologies les rapports sociaux sous un angle interactif. Elle s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une recherche participative et promeut une « ethnographie en réseau » où les maillages sont représentatifs de la manière dont les acteurs se rattachent les uns aux autres de manière horizontale. / Summary: the present study is concerned, in an anthropological perspective, with connecting actors and researchers to the halieutic management of a resource of which the economic and social visibility is rapidly growing.The observation and the analysis of the small-scale fishing such as it is practised by the Indians Tzutuj' iil on the lake Atitlán (Guatemala) constitutes a key activity in which the crossed configuration of the subjectivity and the collective appears, a privileged environment where relations nets are woven between the fishermen, between the fishermen and the lake, between the fishermen and the researcher.To appreciate what is taking place collectively; links were set up between cinematographic and anthropological fields. This research leads jointly a sensitive approach - the cinema - and a social and cultural approach to report links stamped with contingency and not unequivocal between the collective representations and the practices. Contrary to a shared anthropology where the name of a director predominates, this work creates a shareable anthropology within which the plural, this grammatical mode of the relativity, turns out to be convenient for a science of the diversity. So, from a halieutic stage where traditional movements are unfold, this study favours, thanks to new technologies, the social connections under an interactive angle. It is part of the structure of a participative research and promotes “an ethnography in network” where meshing are representative of the way the actors are connected with one another in a horizontal way.

Public guards Abstract This thesis deals with the topic of public guards. Its main objective is to provide a relatively comprehensive view of this institute. Currently, four kinds of public guards exist in our legal system, namely forest guards, hunting guards, fishing guards and nature guards. Today already non-existent field and water guards are also marginally mentioned. The thesis itself is divided into seven parts. The first one deals with the position of public guards from the perspective of administrative, constitutional and criminal law, where within the system of public administration they are referred to as indirect executors of the state administration, and within the criminal law they are positioned as public officials. In the following parts of this thesis the individual public guards are defined from the point of view of their purpose and goal, the historical development of legislation, current legislation, and further according to terms of provisions and repeal of provisions, their entitlements and duties. At the same time, at the end of each part, the individual public guards are defined against other figures and functions for whom they could be exchanged by public. Subsequently, a comparative part is included within which the most fundamental legislative differences of individual public...

The demand and consumption of food products created by the livestock- and fishing industries, have a major environmental impact, affecting climate change, biodiversity, and ecosystems. Yet, there seems to be a lack of public awareness of the direct impact one’s choice of food has on the environment, which suggests that more effective efforts are needed in order to introduce the concept to consumers. By the influence of a post-humanist perspective, this thesis investigates how the environmental impact of consuming animal-based food is communicated by Swedish environmental non-governmental organizations, and how the organizations are actively working to change consumers’ dietary habits by selecting more sustainable options. The research has focused on the external communication channels of the organizations, where verbiage and imagery have been analyzed in context, by using an analytical perspective of a constructionist view of communication, of where I acknowledge that communication has changed in our digital society. The findings indicated that the organizations are showing clear efforts and willingness of communicating the environmental impact of consuming animal-based food, although these efforts remain quite limited. The promotion of a plant-based diet as a way to help mitigate climate change was also communicated to a fair extent, but the organizations seemed to be privileging the preferences of consumers for animal-based food products over the actual need for them. Given that scientific evidence has shown that human consumption of animal-based food products has a major environmental impact, the overall produced knowledge by the organizations’ communication of consuming such products is still lacking. This suggests that more effective communication efforts are still needed, given the severity of the issue, which requires a drastic social change in eating habits as currently practiced in developed nations, in order to effectively mitigate climate change.

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This thesis explores Zanzibari fishing practices and the fishermen’s relation to the ocean, within the context of the global political economy. The study focuses on catching small pelagic fish, locally known as dagaa, which has become vital for food security in Zanzibar. By combining anthropological theories of phenomenology and political economy, the thesis identifies capitalism and the need for cash as constituting a metabolic rift that alienates fishermen from the ocean, where the ocean is seen as more of an industrial landscape to earn a wage rather than a landscape to dwell with. The thesis further expands the analysis to discuss overexploitation in relation to the global economy with a worldview of unlimited goods.

Bottlenose dolphins inhabiting coastlines and estuaries in Florida have been impacted in the past decade by development, algal blooms, catastrophic pollution, and fishery interactions (FI). Dolphins react to disturbance and environmental stressors by modifying their movements and habitat use, which may put them in jeopardy of conflict with humans. FI plays an increasing role in contributing to dolphin mortalities. I investigated dolphin movements, habitat use, residency patterns, and frequency of FI with sport fishing. Tagging studies with short-term data tags and bolt on radio-transmitters were done in several locations in Florida and the east coast providing fine-scale measurements of swimming, daily travels, and foraging activity. Transit speeds agreed with the predicted mean cost of transport as dolphins spent much of their day and night travelling and resting while swimming. Increased foraging was detected by stomach temperature changes revealing dolphins fed at night with a peak starting just after sunset. Dolphin abundance, site fidelity, ranging, stranding mortality, and community structure was characterized at Choctawhatchee and Pensacola Bays in the Florida Panhandle via surveying and photo-identification. Results showed they made frequent inshore movements, maintained site fidelity to specific areas, and comprised several distinct communities. FI was assessed at offshore reefs and coastal fishing piers near Destin, FL and Orange Beach, AL, showing that some dolphins demonstrate affinity to this activity. Harmful interactions with dolphins on reefs and at fishing piers negatively affect their resident communities. Mitigation of FI is suggested by use of avoidance strategies, gear modifications, and improved fish release practices.

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