Government promotes developmental assessment and early intervention for more than ten years, and has good results. In recent years, bicultural family increased and children born to foreign women increased to more than 10%. Some studies pointed out that the children born to foreign spouse are prone to specific developmental delay. However, the research about this topic is still little and the conclusions vary. This study analyzes the demography and results of children with developmental delay between native and foreign spouse family. And the present study explores the physiological factors, family environmental factors, the similarities and differences between the types of developmental delay. This study was performed in a Multidisciplinary Child Assessment Center in a regional education hospital. From 2005 to 2009, 482 children, aged less than 6 y/o (inclusive), diagnosed as developmental delay were enrolled, 404 born to native women, and 78 born to foreign women. The personal base data and results of assessment were analyzed by descriptive and logistic regression analysis. Diagnosis months was (42.57¡Ó16.79) months; male to female ratio was 2.33:1. Among the factors to affect developmental delay, parity, paternal age, maternal age, with or without care in the intensive care unit, place of residence, father¡¦s occupation, father¡¦s education level, maternal education are significant differences (p <. 05) between the two groups. Children born to foreign spouse are referred more by the education and welfare system (15.4% vs. 11.3%; p<.05), and children born to native spouse are referred more by the health care system (12.3% v.s. 5.1%; p<.05). The incidences, from high to low, of six types in the two groups are the same. They (native group v.s. foreign group, respectively) are language developmental delay (81.3% v.s. 84.6%), cognitive developmental delay (68.7% v.s. 79.2%, p=.046; if other factors are included and analyzed by logistic regression, the p value is >.05), motor developmental delay (62.8% v.s. 67.9%), emotional developmental delay (39.4% v.s. 46.2%), sensory perception developmental delay (1% v.s. 1.3%), and nonspecific developmental delay (1.5% v.s.3.8%). There are no significant difference between the two groups in the type of developmental delay (p>.05) and the amount of types of developmental delay (p=.113). Impact of various factors on type of developmental delay was evaluated by logistic regression analysis. Diagnosis age is related to cognitive and emotional developmental delay. Father¡¦s education level is related to cognitive developmental delay. Mode of partum, and delay of initial crying after birth are related to language developmental delay. With or without related physiological disorders is related to language developmental delay and emotional developmental delay. Father¡¦s occupation is related to emotional developmental delay. Father¡¦s education level and occupation are more important than the mother¡¦s, and the impact is significant. The nationality of the mother is not significant in types of developmental delay. In conclusion, in children diagnosed as developmental dealy, there are only few differences in physiological factors, but there are obvious differences in family environment factors between the two groups. The difference of family environment factors between these two groups is similar to the general community. The delay in the type of developmental delay and the amount of types of developmental delay are no significant difference. And some risk factors, particularly the role of the father, are related to particular types of developmental delay. These results will serve as the reference for Government in formulating health policy and social health promotion.

隨著台灣地區對外籍配偶政策逐步開放，所帶來台灣地區人民與國外聯姻所佔的比重增加外，另一方面，因外籍新娘所伴隨語言的隔閡文化的融合、薄弱婚姻基礎、社會接納度及支持網絡不夠、就業福利、輔導措施、子女教養甚或與上一代相處等三代之代際問題，使得異國婚姻的離婚率也悄悄升高，連帶地促使台灣地區離婚問題更趨嚴重複雜。尤其外籍配偶離婚問題，其所衍生複雜之家庭、社會甚至影響國家形象等層面問題，不若本國籍離婚案例單純，已成為學者、專家極度關注的議題。 本研究目的係期以2001至2003年台灣地區各縣市離婚率的追蹤資料（panel data）進行分析，探討以下問題：一、分析與瞭解台灣地區縣市別離婚率與外籍配偶分布趨勢之間的關係，並比較其差異；二、探究影響台灣地區離婚率升高的決定因素。三、對目前台灣外籍配偶政策提供具體的建議。 經由計量模型估計結果發現，外籍配偶佔有偶婦女比率越高之縣市，其離婚率較高，有顯著正相關之影響，其中外籍新娘以大陸配偶比重越高之縣市，較東南亞及其他國籍者，與離婚率呈現高度正相關；若從時間趨勢來看，2003年台灣地區的離婚率，相對2001年基期水準，會較2002年有顯著增加效果；東部區域較北部、中部與南部區域的縣市，在外籍配偶對其離婚率影響，相對較高；行政區劃的部分市又高於縣。 綜上，外籍配偶是影響台灣地區各縣市別離婚率之相當重要因素，然而外籍配偶政策與降低離婚率等，皆有賴政府正視問題有所作為，並管制成效予以改善。 / As the Taiwan’s policies toward foreign spouses have been gradually liberalized, the proportion of Taiwanese people marrying foreign spouses has increased. However, language barriers, cultural assimilations, fragile marriage foundation, the lack of social acceptance and a support network, career welfare, assistance measures, children’s education and the inter-generation issues among the previous, the current, and the next generations have slightly raised the divorce rate of international marriages, and further, worsened and complicated the divorce issues in Taiwan. Issues derived from the divorce of foreign spouses in particular, such as complicated families and negative impact on the social or national image, are not as simple as the domestic divorce cases, and have thus become the focus of scholars and experts. Based on the panel data of the divorce rate in every city and county in Taiwan collected during 2001 and 2003, this study aims to investigate the following issues: (1) to analyze the relation of divorce rate and the distribution of foreign spouses in every region, and compare the differences; (2) to investigate the decisive factors in raising the divorce rate in Taiwan; (3) to provide substantial suggestions for current policies toward foreign spouses. The estimation made through a metric model shows regions with a higher proportion of foreign spouses have a higher divorce rate. And the effect is positively correlated. And regions with a higher proportion of foreign spouses from Mainland China than from Southeast Asia nations or others have a higher divorce rate. This proportion is highly correlated to divorce rate. In terms of time period, compared with the base standard of the 2001, the divorce rate in Taiwan in 2003 is significantly higher than that in 2002. The effect of foreign spouses on the divorce rate is relatively higher in eastern regions than in northern, central, and southern regions. As to administrative divisions, the rate is higher in cities than in counties. To sum up, foreign spouse is an important factor in the divorce rate in every region in Taiwan. However, policies toward foreign spouses and the reduction of divorce rate depend on how the government resolves these issues and improves the performance of the liberalization. Key word： Divorce rate、Taiwan area、Foreign Spouse。

Migration has been a globally prevailing phenomenon through human history, which urges multilateral activities and prompts diverse concerns among sourcing and receiving nations in different arena simultaneously. Marriage migration is one of the common migratory patterns; wherein women constitute the main part of marriage migrants as dependents proportionately. The female marriage migrants and their economic plights are the target of this study. Three aims of this study are to examine the status of marriage migrants; to discover marriage migrants’ influence; and to analyze marriage migrants’ economic predicaments and propose suggestions for the government and further study. Aside from secondary data analysis and the vertical and parallel comparison, two additional analytic tools are used to elicit effects of migrants’ employment and estimate causes and strategies of migrants’ economic predicaments. The conclusions are that the source of marriage migrants are women from less- developed nations; the transnational marriage is generally poverty combination in Taiwan; the possibility to ease economic plight depends on the job supply and access; marriage migrants entering employment benefits on mixed families; the variables of marriage migrants’ labor participation are multiple; and the opportunity to have a new and better life attracts women to migrate via marriage. In addition, several suggestions are proposed for further researchers: to refine the variables analysis method for marriage migrants’ labor participation; to study marriage migrants’ post- employment situation; and to emphasize migration forced by global warming and climate change. For the government, the suggestions are: to list migrant employment promotion programs on policy agenda and to make professional training channels and job supply more accessible and affordable for migrants.

目前台灣迎娶外籍配偶現象日益增加，「外籍配偶」一詞已成為台灣另一個新興族群的代稱。然多數外籍配偶在低社經地位的處境，加上文化隔閡而導致之教養困境，皆間接影響下一代子女的教育問題。 本研究旨在探究文化衝擊下，外籍配偶教養經驗之內涵與其調適歷程。採個案敘說研究取向，透過訪談一位來台十年、已育有三位子女之印尼客家籍外籍配偶，以敘事文體呈現外籍配偶過往之受教經驗、來台後歷經的教養遭遇並闡述其所持有之「原罪」與「愛必管教 」的教養觀。最後，本文參照家庭生命週期觀點與Anderson遷移者教養子女歷程論，進一步闡明外籍配偶在歷經跨文化衝擊下，獨特的「調整與修正」之教養現象與其教養圖像之形塑歷程。 / Getting married with foreign brides becomes more and more common in Taiwan now. The term, “Foreign Spouse”, has represented another new emerging group. However, most of the families with foreign spouses are in low social and economic status and the culture difference also forms a barrier to children’s education. These factors indirectly influence the education of next generation. The purpose of this research is to discuss the experience of how a foreign spouse educates and nurtures her children and the process of how a foreign spouse adjusts herself to overcome culture difference. This research applies case studies to interview an Indonesian foreign spouse, who has been married in Taiwan for over ten years and has three lovely children. This paper describes the case study as a story. It includes the education background of the foreign spouse and the experience of educating and nurturing children after she came to Taiwan. In addition, the story goes further to explain a very special point of view of education and nurture, which the foreign spouse in this case study possess. That is “the original crime” and “love to teach”. Finally, this paper refers to the viewpoint of life cycle of a family and the Anderson’s theory of a migrant’s educates and nurtures the children, and further explains the unique phenomenon and model of nurture and education, “the Adjustment and Modification”, that a foreign spouse has under the impact of culture difference.