The goal of the dissertation is to describe demands on position of router (both hard and soft skills) and his further education.

The fatigue phenomena is one of the most common causes of failures in structural mechanics and is due to repeatedly applied loads. Komatsu Forest AB, one of the largest manufacturers of forest machines on planet Earth was in need of a fatigue life test of a forwarder bunk which exposes the bunk in a realistic way. Such a test extends the knowledge of the strength, but also, makes it easier to improve the evolution of the design. To develop this, knowledge about the movements, i.e. the accelerations of the forwarder and its load out in the field were of greatest importance. Therefore, measurements of angles, accelerations and strains were carried out, followed by analysis of correlations in order to know the cause of fatigue. The results showed that lateral acceleration as well as the tilting of the forwarder are responsible of the repetitive strains occurred during runtime. To simulate this in a test, a method which uses two actuators to apply forces supposed to lead to comparable strains of the bunk is developed. The method of equivalent fatigue load is used in order to simplify the more complex real life situation. Despite the complicated movement and forces on the bunks in the field, it seems possible to get an accurate fatigue test with only two actuators. The fatigue testing method showed both good and bad results of the strains at different positions. Some more refinements of the applied force components as well as the positions might be needed before such a test is executed.

This thesis deals with seaborne transport with emphasis on transport of containerized goods, contract terms and conditions of imports of goods to the European Union. It also describes the current situation of maritime transport on the route the EU - Vietnam. The practical part is focused on the import of goods into the Czech Republic using a freight forwarder services.

In its theoretical -- methodical part, the thesis is focusing on the subject of containerization, characterizes the liner sea transportation (shipping lines), describes the current situation on the sea freight market, characterizes selected shipping lines operating on the trade: Latin America -- EU and describes the ports on the export side: Callao and Paita. In the practical part, it addresses the progression of the transportation chain, beginning with the client's inquiry and ending with delivering the cargo at the consignee's premises. I am also presenting the transportation string through an actual shipment from the Peruvian port of Callao to Prague.

The thesis describes the design of a modular track undercarriage system for a forest utility vehicle called the forest forwarder. In the introduction there is a research study which reviews a variety of design options. The main part of the thesis describes the 3D model created in the Catia V5 programme. The model was subjected to an analysis of dynamic effects by simulated use of the track undercarriage system in the MSC Adams programme. A selected part of the undercarriage was analyzed by the finite element method in the Ansys Workbench programme. Drawing documentation of some of the components is included at the end of the thesis.

More than 50 percent of the land area of the Nordic countries Finland, Norway, and Sweden are covered by dense forests and they are among the most important producers of forest products in the world. Forestry in these countries is based on sustainable management principles – reforestation follows harvesting. Furthermore, increasing demands for more gentle techniques and technologies with less negative impact on the environment ask for development and implementation of new processes and new machine solutions. The increasing interest in developing forest management approaches that are based on gentleness to the environment requires better understanding of the interaction between the forestry machines and the terrain in the harvesting process. / <p>QC 20150827</p> / Gentle Forest Machines

Tyrimo tiksklas: ištirti ir nustatyti įtaką, daromą medienos ištraukimo metu medvežėmis ir savikrovėmis priekabomis tarpinio naudojimo eglynams. Tyrimo objektas: tarpinio naudojimo eglynų kirtavietės Kuršėnų urėdijos Tryškių ir Šaukėnų girininkijose, bei Šiaulių urėdijos Vainagių girininkijoje. Tyrimo metodai: buvo tirtos eglės medynų kirtavietės, kuriose kirtimo darbai vykdyti neseniau nei prieš 3 metus ir mediena ištraukta medvežėmis arba savikrovėmis priekabomis. Moksliniame darbe duomenų rinkimui buvo panaudotas matavimų metodas. Duomenų apdorojimas ir jų analizė buvo vykdomas pagal skaičiavimų ir analizės metodus. Atrinktuose sklypuose buvo fiksuojami medžiai su liemenų ir šaknų mechaniniais pažeidimais, jų skersmuo 1,3 m aukštyje, žaizdų parametrai ( ilgis, plotis, aukštis nuo žemės paviršiaus ). Atliktas pažeisto medžio padėties pririšimas valksmų sistemos atžvilgiu. Vizualiai fiksuoti dirvožemio pažeidimai. Tyrimo rezultatai: tyrimo metu nustatyta, kad normalus ir laikinai perteklingo drėgnumo augavietėse augančiuose eglynuose padarytų medžių liemenų ir šaknų sistemos pažeidimų skaičius nedidelis ir didelės įtakos medynams neturi. / Aim of the work: to study the causes and measure of trees damages have occurred in remaining spruce stands as a result of wood transportation operation using forwarders or tractors with forest trailers. Object of the work: mix spruce stands, where the thining timber had been hauled out with forwarders or tractors with forest trailers, in Tryškių and Šaukėnų forest districts of Kuršėnų state forest enterprise and Vainagių forest district of Šiaulių state forest enterprise. Methods: the investigation was based on measurement method. The following data were collected in forest for each injured tree: width and length of injury, high on stem. And there were collected data about damage made to soil. The data-processing was based on analysis method. Results: the results of investigations indicate that a stem injures and root scars are not the main problem in remaining stands.

Magistro baigiamajame darbe analizuojamas vežėjo ir ekspeditoriaus sutartinių santykių teisinis reglamentavimas, šios temos aktualumą lemia tai, kad transporto sritis yra viena iš prioritetinių šalies ūkio sričių, ekspeditoriaus vaidmuo krovinių gabenimo procese pastaruoju metu labai išaugo, o teisiniai santykiai, susiklostantys tarp vežėjo ir ekspeditoriaus nei teisinėje literatūroje, nei teismų praktikoje nebuvo analizuojami. Autorius kelia mokslinę problemą, kad ekspeditoriaus padėties teisinio reglamentavimo krovinių gabenimo procese neaiškumas neigiamai įtakoja vežėjo ir ekspeditoriaus teisių apsaugą bei gynimą. Todėl šiuo tyrimu siekiama nustatyti, ar vežėjo ir ekspeditoriaus sutartinių santykių teisinis reglamentavimas Lietuvoje atitinka rinkos poreikius. Magistro baigiamajame darbe keliami uždaviniai įvertinti, ar teisinis reglamentavimas Lietuvoje nepagrįstai nevaržo ekspeditoriaus teisės sudaryti krovinių vežimo sutarties savo arba užsakovo vardu, taip pat įvertinti vežėjo ir ekspeditoriaus teisinę padėtį, kai ekspeditorius vežimo sutartį sudaro savo arba užsakovo vardu, palyginti Lietuvoje galiojantį vežėjo bei ekspeditoriaus sutartinių santykių teisinį reglamentavimą su galiojančiu Vokietijoje, aptarti krovinių vežimo dokumentų reikšmę vežėjo ir ekspeditoriaus sutartiniams santykiams, taip pat įvertinti rekomendacinio pobūdžio teisės normų (angl. soft law) įtaką vežėjo ir ekspeditoriaus sutartiniams santykiams. Šiuo tyrimu autorius siekia pagrįsti (arba... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The subject of the Master thesis is the legal regulation concerning contractual relations between the carrier and forwarder. The relevance of the subject determines the fact, that transport branch has a priority status among other economy branches, the role of the forwarder has increased significant, and the legal relations between these characters were never an object of legal studies. The scholar question of this Master thesis is that the legal regulation of forwarders activity in the process of the carriage of goods is not explicit and clear enough and it affects the protection of the rights of the carrier and the forwarder. Therefore the purpose of this Master thesis is defining if the legal regulation of the contractual relations between the carrier and forwarder accords the demands of the market. The Master thesis has a task to define if the legal regulation do not straitens the right to sign the contract of carriage of goods in the name of the forwarder or the name of his customer, to study the legal character of a carrier and a forwarder, in the case of signing the agreement in his name or the name of the customer, to compare the legal regulation applicable in Lithuania and Germany. In the thesis we also examine the papers of the carriage of goods, the soft law legal acts and their influence to the contractual relations. The research must validate or deny the hypothesis that the legal regulation in Lithuania grants an effective protection of the rights of carrier... [to full text]

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-02-09Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:02:01Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 malinovski_ra_dr_botfca.pdf: 1199387 bytes, checksum: e679445a3eaeb5feb0d0f50429c6c75b (MD5) / A gestão das atividades e operações ligadas à colheita de madeira carece de ferramentas computacionais que auxiliem os técnicos florestais na tarefa de redução dos custos. Em muitos casos, máquinas de elevado investimento são utilizadas na colheita de madeira sem um planejamento adequado da operação, conseqüentemente, o custo por hora dessas máquinas, que é elevado, poderia ser reduzido, caso fossem utilizados recursos tecnológicos como o Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG) integrado com o Sistema de Posicionamento Global, os quais, são a base da colheita de precisão. Nesta pesquisa desenvolveu-se, através de técnicas matemáticas e de funcionalidades disponíveis no Sistema de Informações Geográficas GRASS, uma ferramenta tecnológica capaz de calcular e otimizar a distância média de extração (DME) de madeira com forwarder, em diferentes tamanhos e formatos de talhões. A ferramenta desenvolvida, chamada de modelo otimizado, compartimentaliza o talhão em função da menor distância de extração. A principal variável considerada foi o alinhamento de plantio. Para testar o modelo foram considerados talhões do gênero Eucalyptus sp de uma fazenda localizada no Estado de São Paulo. Foram selecionados aleatóriamente oito talhões com formato poligonal retangular e oito talhões com formato poligonal irregular. Visitaram-se os talhões para coletar as principais variáveis (sentido de alinhamento de plantio e condições para o depósito da madeira na beira da estrada). Foram criadas, de forma teórica, dez classes de ângulos do sentido de alinhamento de plantio, sendo que um deles foi o alinhamento em nível. Com o modelo otimizado, calculou-se a DME da madeira com forwarder para todas as classes de ângulos, comparando-se com o sentido de alinhamento adotado pela empresa. Realizou-se uma simulação do custo de deslocamento do forwarder utilizando... / The management of activities and operations on the wood harvesting, does not have good computational tools to help the forest technicians with the task of cost reduction. In many cases, machines with high investment are used in wood harvesting without any adequate operation planning, consequently, the cost per hour of these machines, which is high, could be reduced, using technological resources such as the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) integrated with the Global Positioning System (GPS), which are the base of the precision harvest. In this research, a technological tool capable of calculating and optimizing the medium distance of skidding of the forwarder, in different sizes and formats of the stands, was developed through mathematical techniques and available functionalities in the Geographic Information System GRASS. The developed tools, called optimized model, divides the stand in small parts in relation to shorter distance of skidding. The main variable considered was the alignment of plantation. To test the model eucalypt stands located in the state of São Paulo were considered. Sixteen stands were randomly selected: eight with rectangular polygon form and eight with irregular polygon form. The stands were visited to collect the main variables. Ten angle classes of plantation alignment direction were theoretically created, one of them alignments was the direction of plantation following contour lines. The medium distance of skidding for all angle classes was calculated with the optimized model and was compared to the plantation alignment direction adopted by the company. The cost of forwarder dislocation was simulated using as a base the medium distance of skidding and the size of the small areas of the stand. The results showed that the optimized model developed is efficient and flexible. The stands with irregular form had a shorter medium distance of skidding... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-09-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:52:19Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 bantel_ca_me_botfca.pdf: 1764312 bytes, checksum: a4da2be782691f272a138472ddc521ba (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / Foram avaliados três subsistemas de extração de madeira em floresta de Eucalyptus spp, de um sistema colheita florestal de madeira curta, com toretes de 6 metros de comprimento. Subsistema 1: floresta de primeira rotação com pilhas de madeira formadas sobre travesseiros e dispostas em ambos os lados do ramal de extração; Subsistema 2: floresta de primeira rotação com pilhas de madeira formadas sobre travesseiros e dispostas em uma só fileira de pilhas de madeira por ramal de extração; Subsistema 3: floresta de segunda rotação, com as pilhas de madeira dispostas diretamente sobre o solo, ou seja, sem o travesseiro, em ambos os lados do ramal de extração. As pilhas de toretes foram extraídas utilizando a máquina forwarder Valmet 890.2. Os tempos de carregamento, descarregamento, deslocamento sem carga, deslocamento com carga e o tempo total do ciclo de extração da madeira foram menores no subsistema 2. O subsistema 2 apresentou maior rendimento operacional e maior economia no consumo de óleo Diesel por metro cúbico de madeira extraída em comparação com os demais subsistemas. O aumento do tamanho das pilhas e a concentração da madeira em uma única fileira de pilhas por ramal resultaram em maior rendimento operacional na extração com o forwarder. / Three forest handling and harvesting subsystems in an area of Eucalyptus spp. were analysed, in a cut-to-length system with short wood logs of 6 meters length. Subsystem 1: first rotation forest with wood logs piling up formed over platform and disposed along both sides of the extraction branches; Subsystem 2: first rotation forest with wood logs piling up formed over platform and disposed only along one side of the extraction branches; Subsystem 3: second rotation forest, with wood logs disposed directly on the floor, without any platform, along both sides of the extraction branches. The short wood log piles were extracted using a Valmet 890.2 forwarder. Times of loading and unloading activities, loaded and unloaded movements and total extraction time were smaller on subsystem 2. The subsystem 2 also permitted upper operational yield and bigger savings on Diesel oil consumption per cubic meter of extracted wood when compared to the other subsystems. The adoption of bigger wood piles concentrated along only one side of the extraction branch also resulted in an increasing on operational yield with the forwarder.