FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / O trabalho objetivou o estudo dos efeitos do ultrassom, como prÃ-tratamento na secagem convectiva de maÃÃ Fuji, sobre a perda de Ãgua, perda de sÃlidos, difusividade efetiva da Ãgua, tempo de secagem, cor e atividade enzimÃtica de polifenoloxidase e peroxidase. A partir dos resultados obtidos, determinou-se a melhor condiÃÃo para substituiÃÃo dos aÃÃcares naturais da fruta por estÃvia (aÃÃcar nÃo calÃrico). Observou-se perda de Ãgua, perda de sÃlidos, aumento de 85% da difusividade efetiva da Ãgua, reduÃÃo de 45% no tempo de secagem, reduÃÃo de 39% das alteraÃÃes de cor e reduÃÃo da atividade enzimÃtica de polifenoloxidase e peroxidase da maÃÃ Fuji. Estabeleceu-se como melhor condiÃÃo para substituiÃÃo de aÃÃcares naturais por estÃvia aquela onde a fruta foi sonificada por 20 minutos na proporÃÃo entre Ãgua e fruta de 6:1 (p/p). O uso de estÃvia como aÃÃcar nÃo calÃrico substituto dos aÃucares naturais da maÃÃ Fuji, aliado ao processo de sonificaÃÃo, gerou um produto com valor energÃtico final 12% menor do que a fruta in natura, com tempo de recuperaÃÃo da doÃura inicial da fruta estimado em 13 segundos de sonificaÃÃo em soluÃÃo de estÃvia 10%. Dessa forma, a sonificaÃÃo figura como alternativa tecnolÃgica para a obtenÃÃo de maÃÃ Fuji desidratada, com tempo de secagem reduzido, baixo valor energÃtico, baixa alteraÃÃo de cor e menor atividade enzimÃtica de polifenoloxidase e peroxidase. / The work aimed to study the effects of ultrasound as a pretreatment on convective drying of Fuji apple, about the loss of water, loss of solid, effective diffusivity of water, drying time, color and enzymatic activity of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase. From the results obtained, it was determined the best condition for replacement of the natural sugars of the fruit by stevia (no-calorie sugar). There was loss of water, solids loss, 85% increase of the effective diffusivity of water, 45% reduction in drying time, a 39% reduction of the color changes and reduction in enzymatic activity of peroxidase and apple PPO Fuji . Set up as best condition for replacement of natural sugars stevia by one where the fruit was sonicated for 20 minutes in water and fruit ratio of 6:1 (w / w). The use of stevia as a non-caloric sugar substitute for the natural sugars of Fuji apple, along with the sonication process, generated a product with the final energy value 12% lower than the fresh fruit, with a recovery time of the initial sweetness of the fruit estimated 13 second sonication in a solution of 10% stevia. Thus, the sonication figure as an alternative technology for obtaining dried Fuji apple with reduced drying time, low energy, low color shift and reduced enzymatic activity of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase.

This thesis is an inquiry between music and architecture. The rational and emotional aspects of music are applied into architectural language. Rationally, the base for both music and architecture is mathematic, or proportions, which derives from the cosmic order, and gives the harmonic sense for the ears and the eyes. They are both carefully constructed on paper: scores and constructive drawings. Neither of them will make sense unless through experience, which will take to an emotional journey. The numbers for Pythagoras scale are the agreement of sounds that affects our ears with delight, the same that can please our eyes and our minds. Since harmonic ratios inherent in nature are revealed in music, the architect who relies on those harmonies makes use of a universal harmony apparent in music. Light moves within a space throughout time in a year, it can be considered as a time signature for the season and the day in architecture. The form and material change the quality of light. Light and shadow gives rhythm in a space. Music is close to heaven with eternity. In Japan, Mount Fuji is the highest mountain and people worship it as a symbol of immortality. Both of them have their trace connect to nature. The journey for this thesis is about exhibiting a series of woodblock prints called Thirty-Six Views of Mount Fuji, using knowledge of proportions and light. By ordering the prints into a certain order, the exhibition eventually celebrates the Mount Fuji itself. / Master of Architecture / This thesis is an inquiry about music and architecture. The rational and emotional aspects of music are applied into architectural language. The rational common between music and architecture is mathematic. The harmonic scale in music is used as proportions in architecture. Light that moves within a space through time in a year can be considered as a time signature in music score. Light can also create rhythms. The emotional aspect comes when experiencing a journey. This thesis is about exhibiting a series of woodblock prints called Thirty-Six Views of Mount Fuji, by using knowledge of proportions and light to create a journey.

Thesis (M.S.)--Miami University, Dept. of Geology, 2003. / Title from first page of PDF document. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 105 p. : ill. Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-91).

This work was conducted to identified the best conditions of conservation (temperature and atmosphere composition) for apples cultivars Fuji, Fuji Suprema and Fuji Kiku. The experiment consited of the following treatments: storage at -0,5ºC without atmosphere modification (RA); 1kPa of O2+<0,5kPa of CO2 at +0,5ºC; 0,8kPa of O2+<0,5kPa of CO2 at -0,5ºC; 1,2kPa of O2+<0,5kPa of CO2 at -0,5ºC; 1kPa of O2+ 2kPa of CO2 at -0,5ºC. The experimental arragment was completely radomized with 4 replicates of 23 fruits. Fruit quality was evaluated after 8 months of cold storage and after 7 days of shelf life at 20ºC. After 8 months of cold storage, and 7 days of shelf life at 20ºC, the fruit firmness, solids soluble concentration (SSC); tritable acidity (TA); totals polyphenols; fruits with diseases and physiological disorders; respiration and ethylene production were evaluated. At harvest the colour of the skin; reductor sugars; anthocyanins and vitamine C were evaluated moreover the variables listed before. The Fuji Suprema cv. had maximum value of anthocyanins and parameter a* of colour measurment. The Fuji Kiku cultivar showed the higher levels of firmness, SST, AT and vitamine C. Before the cold storage and shelf life period, the treatments 1,2kPa of O2 + < 0,5kPa of CO2, and 1kPa of O2 + 2kPa of CO2 showed the best results in relation of the quality especially in deleyed softening in Fuji. The CA treatments preserved the firmness in the other cultivars. SST were no afected by the AC treatments while AT were preserved in this storage conditions. The 1kPa of O2+ 2kPa of CO2 showed the lowest values of respiration and ethylene production. The Fuji cultivar and their mutant Fuji Kiku were sensible to the higher levels of CO2 (2kPa), evidencied for the most incidens of internal breakdow. The total polyphenols stained high and increase in some CA treatment for all the cultivars. No difference beteween -0,5 and + 0,5 º C, of temperature in relation of the quality, in the 1kPa of O2 + < 0,5kPa of CO2 for any of the cultivars evaluated were found. / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar as melhores condições de conservação, em relação à temperatura e composição da atmosfera, de armazenamento que permitam a manutenção da qualidade das maçãs das cultivares Fuji, Fuji Suprema e Fuji Kiku. Os tratamentos avaliados foram: armazenamento a -0,5ºC sem modificação da atmosfera (AR); 1kPa de O2+<0,5kPa de CO2 a +0,5ºC; 0,8kPa de O2+<0,5kPa de CO2 a -0,5ºC; 1,2kPa de O2+<0,5kPa de CO2 a -0,5ºC; 1kPa de O2+ 2kPa de CO2 a -0,5ºC. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente causalizado, com 4 repetições sendo que cada unidade experimental constava de 23 frutos. Após 8 meses de armazenamento refrigerado, e 7 dias de exposição dos frutos à temperatura de 20ºC, foram avaliadas a firmeza da polpa; sólidos solúveis totais (SST), acidez titulável (AT); polifenóis totais; frutos com podridões e distúrbios fisiológicos; produção de etileno e respiração. No momento de colheita, além das variáveis anteriores, foram medidas a cor da epiderme; açúcares redutores; antocianinas totais e vitamina C. A Fuji Suprema apresentou os maiores valores de antocianinas totais e maior valor do parâmetro a* da cor, diferenciando-se estatisticamente das outras, enquanto que a cultivar Fuji Kiku mostrou os maiores valores de firmeza da polpa, SST, AT e vitamina C. De acordo com os resultados obtidos após o período de conservação e vida de prateleira, os tratamentos de 1,2kPa de O2 + < 0,5kPa de CO2, e 1kPa de O2 + 2kPa de CO2 apresentarão os maiores valores em firmeza da polpa em Fuji. Enquanto que os tratamentos de AC permitiram manter a firmeza nas outras cultivares. Não houveram diferenças nos tratamentos de atmosfera controlada (AC), para as variáveis SST mas estes tratamentos permitiram manter a AT. O tratamento de 1kPa de O2 + 2 kPa de CO2, determinou uma menor respiração e produção de etileno nas diferentes cultivares. A cultivar Fuji e sua mutante Fuji Kiku apresentaram susceptibilidade a altos níveis de CO2 (2kPa) manifestando uma maior incidência de degenerescência da polpa. Os polifenóis totais mantiveram-se elevados e inclusive aumentaram em alguns dos tratamentos de AC. Não houve diferenças entre as temperaturas de -0,5 e + 0,5, em relação a qualidade, no tratamento de 1kPa de O2 + < 0,5kPa de CO2 em nenhuma das cultivares.

No description available.

Six different Digital Proofing Systems from three different techniques have been evaluated as totechnique, printing quality, economy and usability. Digital proof from two paper qualities, coatedand uncoated, has been compared with references printed in offset, to see how good they match eachother. Only two Proofing Systems manage to print on reference paper. The other Proofing Systemsuse special paper for digital proof.Measurements and visuell judgement show that the Digital Proofing Systems visualise referencepictures with quite good quality. Proof optimised for coated paper visualise the colours with goodresult. Proof optimised for uncoated paper shows higher quality than the references, which depends onthe surface of the proofing paper. Comparison between reference paper and proofing paper has takenplace as to differences in colour and paper quality.The Digital Proofing Systems are fully automatic, which demand a quite comprised education forcorrect handling. The purchase price and printing costs vary considerably between the ProofingSystems.

Background: A key idea of feature orientation is to decompose a software product line along the features it provides. Feature decomposition is orthogonal to object-oriented decomposition it crosscuts the underlying package and class structure. It has been argued often that feature decomposition improves system structure (reduced coupling, increased cohesion). However, recent empirical findings suggest that this is not necessarily the case, which is the motivation for our empirical investigation. Aim: In fact, there is little empirical evidence on how the alternative decompositions of feature orientation and object orientation compare to each other in terms of their association with observable properties of system structure (coupling, cohesion). This motivated us to empirically investigate and compare the properties of three decompositions (object-oriented, feature-oriented, and their intersection) of 28 feature-oriented software product lines. Method: In an exploratory, observational study, we quantify internal attributes, such as import coupling and cohesion, to describe and analyze the different decompositions of a feature-oriented product line in a systematic, reproducible, and comparable manner. For this purpose, we use three established software measures (CBU, IUD, EUD) as well as standard distribution statistics (e.g., Gini coefficient). Results: First, feature decomposition is associated with higher levels of structural coupling in a product line than a decomposition into classes. Second, although coupling is concentrated in feature decompositions, there are not necessarily hot-spot features. Third, the cohesion of feature modules is not necessarily higher than class cohesion, whereas feature modules serve more dependencies internally than classes. Fourth, coupling and cohesion measurement show potential for sampling optimization in complex static and dynamic product-line analyses (product-line type checking, feature-interaction detection). Conclusions: Our empirical study raises critical questions about alleged advantages of feature decomposition. At the same time, we demonstrate how the measurement of structural attributes can facilitate static and dynamic analyses of software product lines. (authors' abstract) / Series: Technical Reports / Institute for Information Systems and New Media

Esta dissertação dedica-se ao estudo da obra \"Cem Vistas do Monte Fuji\" (Fugaku Hyakkei) (1834-47?), de Katsushika Hokusai (1760-1849), pintor japonês do século XVIII-XIX. Trata-se de um livro-imagem (ehon), com cento e duas estampas impressas em preto-e-branco (sumizukuri) e tons de cinza (em sua 1ª edição), produzidas com a técnica da xilogravura japonesa, dentro do estilo ukiyo-e (pinturas do mundo-flutuante). O foco da pesquisa está em (1) estudar os assuntos presentes nas estampas, reconhecendo suas categorias dentro de tópicas tradicionais da pintura japonesa, suas referências temáticas, literárias, mitológicas, religiosas e particularidades; (2) analisar os aspectos temáticos e estéticos, em relação à espacialidade, perspectivas e composições, para identificar e refletir acerca das influências ocidentais, chinesas e da tradição japonesa presentes na obra. Ao final do projeto propõe-se uma revisão de nomenclatura para as vistas do mundo natural (shizen), produzidas por Hokusai, em sua última fase de criação (século XIX) comumente chamadas, pelos especialistas, de sansuiga (pinturas de montanhas-e-águas), no Japão, ou \"pintura de paisagem\", no Ocidente. Para tanto, na primeira parte contextualiza-se a vida e obra do pintor, apresentando brevemente características da sociedade japonesa, do período Edo (1603-1868), o estilo artístico ukiyo-e, a técnica utilizada, os sistemas tradicionais de transmissão de saberes nas artes e os nomes de artistas (go) do pintor, para então realizar um estudo sobre os gêneros \"pintura de paisagem\", da tradição ocidental, e \"pinturas de montanhas-e-águas\", da tradição chinesa (shanshuihua) e japonesa (sansuiga), a fim de compará-los e reconhecer as influências estéticas e temáticas presentes nas estampas do pintor. Na segunda parte analisa-se a obra \"Cem vistas do Monte Fuji\", elencando-se assuntos dentro de tópicas da tradição pictórica japonesa, para que assim fosse possível reconhecer as camadas e composições das estampas, tal como suas referências formais e temáticas, debatidas no primeiro capítulo. Foi realizado, para fins metodológicos, uma classificação em sete categorias, para cada uma delas foram selecionadas algumas imagens que melhor exemplificam temas e tratamentos formais que se pretendeu discutir: (i.) Cenas históricas, figuras mitológicas e lendárias; (ii.) Pinturas de montanhas-e-águas e de flores-e-pássaros; (iii.) Cenas de homens-letrados, de contemplação e de lugares-famosos; (iv.) Cenas de assuntos religiosos; (v.) Cenas de usos-e-costumes, de viajantes e trabalhadores; (vi.) Os disfarces e as linhas do Mt. Fuji; (vii.) Geometria, carpintaria e arquiteturas. / This dissertation is dedicated to the study of \"Hundred Views of Mount Fuji\" (Fugaku Hyakkei) (1834-47?), by Katsushika Hokusai (1760-1849), a 18th-19th century Japanese painter. It is a picture-book (ehon), with one hundred and two prints in black-and-white (sumizukuri) and shades of gray (in its 1st edition), produced with the Japanese woodcut technique, in the style of ukiyo-e (floating-world paintings). The focus of the research is to (1) study the subjects present in the prints, recognizing their categories within traditional Japanese painting topics, their thematic, literary, mythological, religious, and particular references; (2) to analyze the thematic and aesthetic aspects, in relation to spatiality, perspectives and compositions, to identify and reflect on the Western, Chinese and Japanese influences present in the work. At the end of the project is proposed a review of nomeclature for the views of the natural world (shizen), produced by Hokusai, in their last phase of creation (19th century) commonly called by experts, sansuiga (mountains-and-waters paintings), in Japan, or landscape painting, in the West. Therefore, the first part contextualizes the work and life of the painter, briefly presenting characteristics of Japanese society in the Edo period (1603-1868), the ukiyo-e artistic style, the technique used, traditional transmission systems of knowledge in arts and the artist\'s names (g) of the painter, to carry out a study of the \"landscape painting\" genres, of the Western tradition, and \"mountains-and-waters paintings\", of the Chinese tradition (shanshuihua) and Japanese (sansuiga) traditions, in order to compare them and to recognize the aesthetic and thematic influences present in the painter\'s prints. In the second part, the work \"Hundred Views of Mount Fuji\" is analyzed, listing subjects within topics of Japanese painting tradition, so that it would be possible to recognize the layers and compositions of the paintings, as well as their formal and thematic references discussed in the first chapter. For methodological purposes, a classification was made in seven categories, for each one of them was selected some images that best exemplified formal themes and treatments that were intended to be discussed: (i) Historical scenes, mythological figures and legendary; (ii.) Mountains-and-waters and flowers-and-birds paintings; (iii.) Scenes of literate men, contemplation and famous-places; (iv.) Scenes of religious subjects; (v.) Scenes of uses-and-customs, travelers and workers; (vi.) Fujis disguises and lines; (vii.) Geometry, carpentry and architectures.

Background: A key idea of feature orientation is to decompose a software product line along the features it provides. Feature decomposition is orthogonal to object-oriented decomposition it crosscuts the underlying package and class structure. It has been argued often that feature decomposition improves system structure (reduced coupling, increased cohesion). However, recent empirical findings suggest that this is not necessarily the case, which is the motivation for our empirical investigation. Aim: In fact, there is little empirical evidence on how the alternative decompositions of feature orientation and object orientation compare to each other in terms of their association with observable properties of system structure (coupling, cohesion). This motivated us to empirically investigate and compare the properties of three decompositions (object-oriented, feature-oriented, and their intersection) of 28 feature-oriented software product lines. Method: In an exploratory, observational study, we quantify internal attributes, such as import coupling and cohesion, to describe and analyze the different decompositions of a feature-oriented product line in a systematic, reproducible, and comparable manner. For this purpose, we use three established software measures (CBU, IUD, EUD) as well as standard distribution statistics (e.g., Gini coefficient). Results: First, feature decomposition is associated with higher levels of structural coupling in a product line than a decomposition into classes. Second, although coupling is concentrated in feature decompositions, there are not necessarily hot-spot features. Third, the cohesion of feature modules is not necessarily higher than class cohesion, whereas feature modules serve more dependencies internally than classes. Fourth, coupling and cohesion measurement show potential for sampling optimization in complex static and dynamic product-line analyses (product-line type checking, feature-interaction detection). Conclusions: Our empirical study raises critical questions about alleged advantages of feature decomposition. At the same time, we demonstrate how the measurement of structural attributes can facilitate static and dynamic analyses of software product lines. (authors' abstract) / Series: Technical Reports / Institute for Information Systems and New Media

Background: A key idea of feature orientation is to decompose a software product line along the features it provides. Feature decomposition is orthogonal to object-oriented decomposition it crosscuts the underlying package and class structure. It has been argued often that feature decomposition improves system structure (reduced coupling, increased cohesion). However, recent empirical findings suggest that this is not necessarily the case, which is the motivation for our empirical investigation. Aim: In fact, there is little empirical evidence on how the alternative decompositions of feature orientation and object orientation compare to each other in terms of their association with observable properties of system structure (coupling, cohesion). This motivated us to empirically investigate and compare the properties of three decompositions (object-oriented, feature-oriented, and their intersection) of 28 feature-oriented software product lines. Method: In an exploratory, observational study, we quantify internal attributes, such as import coupling and cohesion, to describe and analyze the different decompositions of a feature-oriented product line in a systematic, reproducible, and comparable manner. For this purpose, we use three established software measures (CBU, IUD, EUD) as well as standard distribution statistics (e.g., Gini coefficient). Results: First, feature decomposition is associated with higher levels of structural coupling in a product line than a decomposition into classes. Second, although coupling is concentrated in feature decompositions, there are not necessarily hot-spot features. Third, the cohesion of feature modules is not necessarily higher than class cohesion, whereas feature modules serve more dependencies internally than classes. Fourth, coupling and cohesion measurement show potential for sampling optimization in complex static and dynamic product-line analyses (product-line type checking, feature-interaction detection). Conclusions: Our empirical study raises critical questions about alleged advantages of feature decomposition. At the same time, we demonstrate how the measurement of structural attributes can facilitate static and dynamic analyses of software product lines. (authors' abstract) / Series: Technical Reports / Institute for Information Systems and New Media