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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Kan inställningen till framtida sexualvanor och deltagande i gynekologisk cellprovskontroll påverkas av HPV-vaccinering? : En kvalitativ innehållsanalys.

Engelbrektsson Mirus, Marie, Qvarnström, Anna January 2011 (has links)
Human Papilloma virus (HPV) can lead to cervical cancer, a common form of cancer in Sweden and globally. A vaccine has been developed for the most carcinogenic strains of HPV. In Sweden it is planned that the vaccine be included in the public national vaccination program for children. The aim of this study was to illustrate attitudes towards future sexual habits and preventive cervical cancer screening among young women and parents of girls vaccinated against HPV. This study is a part of a larger project where interviews with young women aged 17 to 26 years and parents of girls aged 13 to 17 years compose the foundation. In this study the interviews were analysed with qualitative latent content analysis, all together 21 interviews. The main result was that in both groups it was generally thought that neither future sexual habits nor participation in cervical cancer screening would be considerably affected. The young women however had deficient knowledge about what they were vaccinated against and the purpose of cervical cancer screening. The parents had better understanding. Accurate information about HPV, the HPV vaccine and cervical cancer screening in connection with vaccination is important for the outcome of future sexual habits and participation in cervical cancer screening. / Humant papillomvirus (HPV) kan leda till cervixcancer som är en vanlig cancersort både i Sverige och globalt. Ett vaccin har utvecklats mot de mest onkogena HPV-typerna. I Sverige ska HPV-vaccinet ingå i det allmänna nationella vaccinationsprogrammet för barn. Syftet med studien var att belysa inställningen till framtida sexualvanor och gynekologiska cellprovskontroller (GCK) bland unga kvinnor och föräldrar till flickor som HPV-vaccinerats. Denna studie är en del av ett större projekt där intervjuer med unga kvinnor 17-26 år samt med föräldrar till flickor 13-17 år utgör grunden. I denna studie analyserades intervjuerna med kvalitativ latent innehållsanalys, sammanlagt 21 intervjuer. Det huvudsakliga resultatet som framkom var att majoriteten av de unga kvinnorna och föräldrarna till flickorna inte trodde att framtida sexualvanor skulle förändras samt att deltagande i framtida GCK inte skulle påverkas nämnvärt. Det framkom dock att de unga kvinnorna hade bristfälliga kunskaper om vad de var vaccinerade emot och vad GCK var. Föräldrarna till flickorna hade större kunskap om vad vaccinering och GCK innebar än de unga kvinnorna. Vikten av rätt sorts information om HPV, HPV-vaccin och GCK i samband med vaccination framkom som ett betydande resultat för utfallet för de framtida sexualvanorna och deltagandet i GCK.
2

En kvalitativ studie av kvinnors tankar om att avstå organiserad gynekologisk cellprovtagningskontroll

Roxman, Anna, Svenningsson, Anna January 2013 (has links)
I ett samhällsperspektiv är organiserad Gynekologisk cellprovtagning (GCK) en kostnadseffektiv metod för att förebygga samt minska dödligheten i livmoderhalscancer, vilken är den näst vanligaste cancerformen hos kvinnor världen över. Genom GCK kan förstadium till livmodershalscancer upptäckas. Dödligheten i livmoderhalscancer har minskat i Sverige sedan organiserad GCK infördes och tidigare studier visar att denna cancerform förekommer oftare hos kvinnor som inte deltar i organiserad GCK. Många kvinnor väljer dock att avstå från att delta. Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva kvinnors tankar om organiserad gynekologisk cellprovtagningskontroll när de valt att avstå från deltagande i sådan. Informanter rekryterades genom två datainsamlingsmetoder. Fyra informanter rekryterades från kallelseregistret och sju via snöbollsmetoden. Intervjuer med tre kvinnor och telefonintervjuer med åtta kvinnor genomfördes. Intervjuerna analyserades enligt kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultatet åskådliggörs genom fyra kategorierna vilka är Att göra det sedan, Att det inte gäller mig, Att undvika en utlämnande situation samt Att inte bli bekräftad i mötet med barnmorskan vid provtagningstillfället. Kvinnornas tankar tyder på att de gjort ett aktivt ställningstagande att inte delta i organiserad GCK och att de sköt beslutet om deltagande till framtiden. Därutöver framkom att de avstått deltagande i organiserad GCK på grund av rädsla för att inte bli bekräftade i mötet med barnmorskan vid provtagningstillfället. Gemensamt för kvinnorna i studien var att de alla kunde tänka sig att delta i organiserad GCK i framtiden om förhållandena kring GCK vore annorlunda. Inom ramen för den organiserade cellprovtagningskontrollen bör utrymme finnas för att tillgodose kvinnors olika behov då vissa kvinnor behöver extra stöd och motivation för att hörsamma kallelsen. / Program: Barnmorskeutbildning
3

Estudo de alterações moleculares no gene da Glucoquinase (GCK) associado ao diagnóstico de diabetes do adulto de início no jovem (Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young - MODY) em gestantes e neonatos / Study of molecular changes in the Glucokinase gene (GCK) associate with the diagnosis of Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young ( MODY) in pregnant women and newborns

Lépore, Carolina Serri 16 September 2016 (has links)
Introdução: Diabetes Mellitus é a alteração metabólica mais comum na gestação, com prevalência variável de acordo com a população e métodos diagnósticos. Diabetes monogenética ou Diabetes do adulto de início no jovem (Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young - MODY) consiste em um subtipo ocasionado por defeito primário na secreção de insulina determinado por herança autossômica dominante, sendo responsável por aproximadamente 1 a 2% dos casos. O diagnóstico genético de gestantes e neonatos acometidos pode propiciar manejo específico, possibilitando melhor prognóstico evolutivo da doença em curto e longo prazo. Objetivos: Analisar alterações moleculares do gene GCK em gestantes com diagnóstico de Diabetes Mellitus e seus neonatos. Metodologia: Estudo transversal, com amostragem consecutiva, sendo incluídas gestantes diabéticas em seguimento no Ambulatório de Endocrinopatias em Obstetrícia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, no período de agosto de 2013 a dezembro de 2015. Amostras sanguíneas maternas e de cordão umbilical foram colhidas no momento do parto e enviadas para extração de DNA e reação em cadeia de polimerase (PCR) para identificação de alterações moleculares no gene GCK. Resultados: Foram encontrados duas mutações que geraram dois polimorfismos no gene da glucoquinase, respectivamente em 13 e em sete pacientes; e uma mutação deletéria que cursou com diagnóstico de MODY GCK em dois pacientes (uma amostra materna e uma de neonato), totalizando alterações em 10,6% dos pacientes. Este diagnóstico permitirá intervenções profiláticas e terapêuticas, interferindo beneficamente na evolução natural da doença. / ntroduction: Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disorder in pregnancy, with prevalence varying according to the population and diagnostic methods. Monogenetic diabetes or Maturity - Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) consists of a subtype caused by primary defect in insulin secretion, which is determined by autosomal dominant inheritance and it is responsible for approximately 1-2 % of cases. Genetic diagnosis of affected pregnant women and newborns can provide specific management enabling better evolutionary prognosis of the disease in short and long term. Objectives: To analyze the molecular changes in the GCK gene in pregnant women diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus and their neonates. Methods: Cross-sectional study with consecutive sampling, that included diabetic pregnant women in follow-up at the Clinical Hospital of the Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, from August 2014 to December 2015. Maternal and umbilical cord blood samples was collected at time of delivery and sent for DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify molecular changes in the GCK gene. Results: We found mutations that generated two different polymorphisms in the glucokinase gene, one in 13 patients, and the other in seven patients; and a deleterious mutation that was diagnosed with MODY GCK in two patients (a maternal sample and in a neonate), resulting in change in 10,6% of the patients. This diagnosis will determine prophylactic and therapeutic interventions interfering beneficially in the natural evolution of the disease.
4

Estudo de alterações moleculares no gene da Glucoquinase (GCK) associado ao diagnóstico de diabetes do adulto de início no jovem (Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young - MODY) em gestantes e neonatos / Study of molecular changes in the Glucokinase gene (GCK) associate with the diagnosis of Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young ( MODY) in pregnant women and newborns

Carolina Serri Lépore 16 September 2016 (has links)
Introdução: Diabetes Mellitus é a alteração metabólica mais comum na gestação, com prevalência variável de acordo com a população e métodos diagnósticos. Diabetes monogenética ou Diabetes do adulto de início no jovem (Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young - MODY) consiste em um subtipo ocasionado por defeito primário na secreção de insulina determinado por herança autossômica dominante, sendo responsável por aproximadamente 1 a 2% dos casos. O diagnóstico genético de gestantes e neonatos acometidos pode propiciar manejo específico, possibilitando melhor prognóstico evolutivo da doença em curto e longo prazo. Objetivos: Analisar alterações moleculares do gene GCK em gestantes com diagnóstico de Diabetes Mellitus e seus neonatos. Metodologia: Estudo transversal, com amostragem consecutiva, sendo incluídas gestantes diabéticas em seguimento no Ambulatório de Endocrinopatias em Obstetrícia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, no período de agosto de 2013 a dezembro de 2015. Amostras sanguíneas maternas e de cordão umbilical foram colhidas no momento do parto e enviadas para extração de DNA e reação em cadeia de polimerase (PCR) para identificação de alterações moleculares no gene GCK. Resultados: Foram encontrados duas mutações que geraram dois polimorfismos no gene da glucoquinase, respectivamente em 13 e em sete pacientes; e uma mutação deletéria que cursou com diagnóstico de MODY GCK em dois pacientes (uma amostra materna e uma de neonato), totalizando alterações em 10,6% dos pacientes. Este diagnóstico permitirá intervenções profiláticas e terapêuticas, interferindo beneficamente na evolução natural da doença. / ntroduction: Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disorder in pregnancy, with prevalence varying according to the population and diagnostic methods. Monogenetic diabetes or Maturity - Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) consists of a subtype caused by primary defect in insulin secretion, which is determined by autosomal dominant inheritance and it is responsible for approximately 1-2 % of cases. Genetic diagnosis of affected pregnant women and newborns can provide specific management enabling better evolutionary prognosis of the disease in short and long term. Objectives: To analyze the molecular changes in the GCK gene in pregnant women diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus and their neonates. Methods: Cross-sectional study with consecutive sampling, that included diabetic pregnant women in follow-up at the Clinical Hospital of the Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, from August 2014 to December 2015. Maternal and umbilical cord blood samples was collected at time of delivery and sent for DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify molecular changes in the GCK gene. Results: We found mutations that generated two different polymorphisms in the glucokinase gene, one in 13 patients, and the other in seven patients; and a deleterious mutation that was diagnosed with MODY GCK in two patients (a maternal sample and in a neonate), resulting in change in 10,6% of the patients. This diagnosis will determine prophylactic and therapeutic interventions interfering beneficially in the natural evolution of the disease.
5

Improving a sampled-data circuit simulator for Delta-Sigma modulator design

Hayward, Roger D. 30 April 1992 (has links)
Delta-Sigma Modulator-based Analog-to-Digital converter design is an active area of research. New topologies require extensive simulations to verify their performance. A series of improvements were made to an existing circuit simulation package in order to speed the simulation process for the designer. Various examples of these improvements are presented in typical applications. / Graduation date: 1992
6

Development of novel Classical and Quantum Information Theory Based Methods for the Detection of Compensatory Mutations in MSAs

Gültas, Mehmet 18 September 2013 (has links)
Multiple Sequenzalignments (MSAs) von homologen Proteinen sind nützliche Werkzeuge, um kompensatorische Mutationen zwischen nicht-konservierten Residuen zu charakterisieren. Die Identifizierung dieser Residuen in MSAs ist eine wichtige Aufgabe um die strukturellen Grundlagen und molekularen Mechanismen von Proteinfunktionen besser zu verstehen. Trotz der vielen Anzahl an Literatur über kompensatorische Mutationen sowie über die Sequenzkonservierungsanalyse für die Erkennung von wichtigen Residuen, haben vorherige Methoden meistens die biochemischen Eigenschaften von Aminosäuren nicht mit in Betracht gezogen, welche allerdings entscheidend für die Erkennung von kompensatorischen Mutationssignalen sein können. Jedoch werden kompensatorische Mutationssignale in MSAs oft durch das Rauschen verfälscht. Aus diesem Grund besteht ein weiteres Problem der Bioinformatik in der Trennung signifikanter Signale vom phylogenetischen Rauschen und beziehungslosen Paarsignalen. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit besteht darin Methoden zu entwickeln, welche biochemische Eigenschaften wie Ähnlichkeiten und Unähnlichkeiten von Aminosäuren in der Identifizierung von kompensatorischen Mutationen integriert und sich mit dem Rauschen auseinandersetzt. Deshalb entwickeln wir unterschiedliche Methoden basierend auf klassischer- und quantum Informationstheorie sowie multiple Testverfahren. Unsere erste Methode basiert auf der klassischen Informationstheorie. Diese Methode betrachtet hauptsächlich BLOSUM62-unähnliche Paare von Aminosäuren als ein Modell von kompensatorischen Mutationen und integriert sie in die Identifizierung von wichtigen Residuen. Um diese Methode zu ergänzen, entwickeln wir unsere zweite Methode unter Verwendung der Grundlagen von quantum Informationstheorie. Diese neue Methode unterscheidet sich von der ersten Methode durch gleichzeitige Modellierung ähnlicher und unähnlicher Signale in der kompensatorischen Mutationsanalyse. Des Weiteren, um signifikante Signale vom Rauschen zu trennen, entwickeln wir ein MSA-spezifisch statistisches Modell in Bezug auf multiple Testverfahren. Wir wenden unsere Methode für zwei menschliche Proteine an, nämlich epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) und glucokinase (GCK). Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass das MSA-spezifisch statistische Modell die signifikanten Signale vom phylogenetischen Rauschen und von beziehungslosen Paarsignalen trennen kann. Nur unter Berücksichtigung BLOSUM62-unähnlicher Paare von Aminosäuren identifiziert die erste Methode erfolgreich die krankheits-assoziierten wichtigen Residuen der beiden Proteine. Im Gegensatz dazu, durch die gleichzeitige Modellierung ähnlicher und unähnlicher Signale von Aminosäurepaare ist die zweite Methode sensibler für die Identifizierung von katalytischen und allosterischen Residuen.

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