A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Master of Science. Johannesburg, August 2015. / Burials within the Western Cape provide a valuable opportunity to understand past social practices during the Later Stone Age. The aim of this dissertation is to specifically study Western Cape LSA burials in such a way as to understand the social and cognitive processes of hunter-gatherers in that region. In order to do this the burials will be approached and studied from a social and cultural perspective. This will include applying a theoretical approach which lends itself to materiality. Certain techniques will be employed to aid the study of this research question, such as a temporal, spatial and structural analysis of the Western Cape burials. Once the temporal analysis is done, certain sections within time can more closely be studied and analysed. The spatial analysis will examine the sites on a regional scale. The interpretative discussion will concentrate on specific patterns and structural aspects of the burials. The above may illuminate a possible array of questions to be asked surrounding the Western Cape burials. This in turn will help in aiding a discussion surrounding the cognitive and social processes of hunter-gatherers in the Western Cape.

Esta dissertação discute o contexto regional de ocupação das populações sambaquieiras do litoral sul do Estado de Santa Catarina em uma área lagunar de formação holocênica que, quando do máximo transgressivo do nível médio marinho, teria tomado a conformação de uma grande baía, com recortes microambientais variados e diversas formações insulares, denominada aqui como Paleolaguna de Santa Marta. Por meio de pesquisas bibliográficas, visitas de campo, levantamentos regionais extensivos, prospecções intensivas e intervenções arqueológicas, foi confeccionado um cadastro contendo informações de todos os sítios conhecidos na área (mais de 90 sambaquis, além de sítios relacionados aos grupos Guarani e Je do Sul), incluindo localização, implantação, estrutura estratigráfica, composição e estado de preservação, tendo-se também datado vários deles. Estes dados propiciaram uma análise de distribuição espacial e cronológica deste conjunto de sambaquis a partir de um enfoque regional, possibilitando inferências acerca do sistema de ocupação e territorialidade das populações pescadoras-caçadoras-coletoras que ali habitaram em um período compreendido entre 7000 e 1000 anos AP. / This dissertation discusses the settlement system of the sambaqui mounbuilders from the southern shores of Santa Catarina between 7000 and 1000 years BP, focusing in a regional level. The lagoonal study area has formerly been an open bay environment by the time of the transgressive maximum sea level, with a wider variety of micro-environmental settings and internal islands. By means of intensive field survey and systematic site intervening, a catalog of sites has been compiled with information on more than 90 sambaquis therein recorded so far (plus a number of later Guarani and southern Je sites), that includes site location and environmental setting, stratigraphy and composition, as well as their preservation conditions. A chronological framework has been established by dating several of these mounds, allowing the modeling of settlement evolution and territorial patterns of this long lasting, transitional, fisher-gatherer society.

The aim of this study is to examine the ways in which educators at a preschool work to include all children in the children's group during the daily gathering. We have analyzed the result we obtained with the help of Moira von Wright's relational and punctual perspective on how educators should meet the children to create a genuine educational meeting. The data for this study has been obtained through observations and interviews which has taken place at the same preschool. Observations and interviews fall under the category of qualitative methods. The gathering of data took place during separate occasions. The observations took place two times where we observed how the educators acted during a gathering at the preschool. With emphasis on how they worked and acted to conclude all the children. We also interviewed two preschool teachers to see how they both looked at the concept of inclusion and to see if there were any differences or similarities in how they related to the concept. The learning environment and the teacher's approach were two themes we chose to focus our observations and interviews on. Based on the results we obtained from the material collection, we could make many discoveries. Our result shows that the routine situation that the gathering is not always suitable for all individuals in a child group and this can result in exclusion. The punctual perspective has proved to be a dominant discourse in our results and this can lead to the children’s opportunities for participation being limited.

For photographers to capture good pictures of their subjects, the lighting conditions must be taken into account and adjusted for accordingly. The same holds true for a satellite attempting to photograph another object in space: it must know the lighting conditions to adjust camera settings and position itself properly to take the best photograph. This thesis presents a photon mapping based algorithm to compute a physically accurate representation of the illumination of objects in orbit around the Earth, taking into account the effects that cause refraction in the atmosphere. I also discuss the assumptions that I have made to utilize the algorithm in an interactive 3D visualization tool, which I implemented to view the illumination on objects at arbitrary positions in space. Finally, I show that the photon mapping method offers improvements over simpler methods of computing illumination.

Abstract Title: Where does the news that you read in your localpaper come from? (Vilket ursprung har nyheten som du läser i din lokaltidning?) Number of pages: 45 (57 including enclosures) Author: Elin Rantakokko Tutor: Göran Svensson Course: Media and Communication Studies 30 hp Period: Fall of 2007 University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of Information Science, Uppsala University Purpose/Aim: This paper has the aim to make a systematic survey of the information source and channels that local newspapers use. How much space they get in the paper and how the newspaper works with these sources and channels. The front pages of the newspaper are going to be compared with the insides of the newspaper. The reports roles in the making of news are also examined. Material/method: To be able to answer my questions I’m going to use three different methods. An observation on the papers morning meetings, an quantitative content analysis of five numbers of an local paper and four interviews with two news managers and two reporters on the paper. Main results: The paper makes most of the news by them as well as them receives many of the tip-offs from private persons. These are ranked as news that cost a lot of money to make for the paper. In the paper internal and external sources get a half each. The local paper have many information channels that the public can use to tip the paper. The two channels that are used the most are e-mailing and the telephone. The front pages of the newspaper indicate very well on the material in the inside of the newspaper. The reports does not come with own ideas as much as they would like to, they mean that the most ideas for articles comes during another job. Keywords: Local newspapers, information channels, information source, news value, news gathering, news institution.

Hearth features are often central to hunter-gatherer campsite organization and activities and have long been a focus of study for archaeologists. Among these studies, few have undertaken analysis of calcined faunal remains contained within these features. This thesis investigates human subsistence and occupation at the Richardson Island site, Haida Gwaii, B.C., through examination of the hearth-derived fauna. This is one of very few faunal assemblages from the early Holocene on the northern Northwest Coast and dates to between 9300 and 9100 BP. Description of the taxa in the assemblages is followed by discussion of human technological adaptations for procurement. Hearth replications and a controlled burning experiment demonstrate the complex taphonomic trajectory of burnt fish bone assemblages. Cluster analysis showed weak hearth groupings based largely on taxonomic richness. Chi-squared tests showed that some Kinggi Complex artifact types vary in frequency when in close proximity to hearths. Overall, hearths and surrounding deposits show maritime capacities in the early Holocene.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed June 13, 2007). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 338-387).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 164-198). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.

Thesis (M.A.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2006. / Bibliography: leaves 105-114. Also available online.

The secondary use of Dementia Care Mapping (DCM) data, if that data were held in a data warehouse, could contribute to global efforts in monitoring and improving dementia care quality. This qualitative study identifies requirements for the secondary use of DCM data within a data warehouse using a user-driven approach. The thesis critically analyses various technical methodologies and then argues the use and further demonstrates the applicability of a modified grounded theory as a user-driven methodology for a data warehouse. Interviews were conducted with 29 DCM researchers, trainers and practitioners in three phases. 19 interviews were face to face with the others on Skype and telephone with an average length of individual interview 45-60 minutes. The interview data was systematically analysed using open, axial and selective coding techniques and constant comparison methods. The study data highlighted benchmarking, mappers’ support and research as three perceived potential secondary uses of DCM data within a data warehouse. DCM researchers identified concerns regarding the quality and security of DCM data for secondary uses, which led to identifying the requirements for additional provenance, ethical and contextual data to be included in a warehouse alongside DCM data to meet requirements for secondary uses of this data for research. The study data was also used to extrapolate three main factors such as an individual mapper, the organization and an electronic data management that can influence the quality and availability of DCM data for secondary uses. The study makes further recommendations for designing a future DCM data warehouse.