With the acceptance of Outcomes-based Education (OBE) in South Africa, the emphasis shifted from a teacher-centred to a learner-centred instruction approach. The learner-centred teaching approach of OBE is based on the social constructivistic teaching view. This view is based on the fundamental acceptance that people construe knowledge through interaction between their existing knowledge and beliefs and new ideas or situations within a social environment or milieu. It is thus essential that future Geography education students receive training in a similar manner as that which is expected of them as future practising teachers. Lecturers' and students' beliefs and perceptions of how instruction must take place, in the majority of cases, still support the traditional direct instruction approach where lecturers transfer knowledge to students mainly through formal lectures. The acceptance of the social constructivistic teaching approach for the training of Geography education students implies that the beliefs of lecturers and students as well as their roles in the teaching learning process, must change. This means that the purpose of contact time between lecturer and students must necessarily change. Contact time should not just be used by the lecturer for presenting content. It is the task of the Geography lecturer to create a learning environment where students are actively involved in cooperative learning environments in the learning process. The lecturer acts as facilitator, guide, enabler and fellow-explorer in the learning process. Contact sessions must be used to offer the students the opportunity to report back on the learning assignments and activities or to reflect on what has been learnt. Continuous formative assessment takes place during contact and non-contact times to give quick feedback on learning. The lecturer and students are involved in the assessment process. Clear assessment criteria must be compiled by the lecturer in cooperation with students so that the students will know precisely what is expected of them. Together with the learner-centred teaching approach, certain universities worldwide have been obliged to decrease contact time between lecturer and student. Reasons for this can mainly be ascribed to an increase in student numbers and to effectively vii manage the lecturers' time so that more time can be spent on research. The lecturer is supposed to design and plan a specific module so that the set learning outcomes could be achieved within the reduced time. Different guidelines are identified in the context of reducing contact time so as to ensure the effective achievement of learning outcomes. The lecturer should prepare, plan and manage contact time. Students must also accept larger responsibility for independent learning and attain some of the learning outcomes during non-contact times. To support students during non-contact times and to guide them in the attainment of learning outcomes and completion of assignments, students must make use of resource-based learning. The interactive study guide and work planning, as developed and compiled by the lecturer, is necessary for providing students with assistance and guidance so that students know precisely what is expected of them, what resources to use and when. It is furthermore necessary that the assessment strategies, that are used in the teaching of Geography, support the decrease in contact time. Bigger responsibility is given to students in the assessment process and is included in self and peer group assessment of and feedback to assignments. The Geography education lecturer involved in the development of the different Geography modules must make sure that over-assessment does not take place, but that students are exposed to multiple assessment methods. Decision-making by university management on decreased contact time was probably taken without considering the full implications for learner-centred teaching. This study is an attempt to implement a learner-centred teaching approach in the Geography training of education students within the optimising of contact time between lecturer and students. A concept model for the Geography training of education students was developed to ensure the successful attainment of learning outcomes. The perception and attitudes of the students regarding the concept model in Geography-training within the optimising of contact time was analysed, after which the examination results of the students were compared with results of previous years. From the information required in the literature as well as in the implementation of the concept model in Geography training, criteria and strategies for the effective training of Geography teachers in the optimising of contact time were developed. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.

With the acceptance of Outcomes-based Education (OBE) in South Africa, the emphasis shifted from a teacher-centred to a learner-centred instruction approach. The learner-centred teaching approach of OBE is based on the social constructivistic teaching view. This view is based on the fundamental acceptance that people construe knowledge through interaction between their existing knowledge and beliefs and new ideas or situations within a social environment or milieu. It is thus essential that future Geography education students receive training in a similar manner as that which is expected of them as future practising teachers. Lecturers' and students' beliefs and perceptions of how instruction must take place, in the majority of cases, still support the traditional direct instruction approach where lecturers transfer knowledge to students mainly through formal lectures. The acceptance of the social constructivistic teaching approach for the training of Geography education students implies that the beliefs of lecturers and students as well as their roles in the teaching learning process, must change. This means that the purpose of contact time between lecturer and students must necessarily change. Contact time should not just be used by the lecturer for presenting content. It is the task of the Geography lecturer to create a learning environment where students are actively involved in cooperative learning environments in the learning process. The lecturer acts as facilitator, guide, enabler and fellow-explorer in the learning process. Contact sessions must be used to offer the students the opportunity to report back on the learning assignments and activities or to reflect on what has been learnt. Continuous formative assessment takes place during contact and non-contact times to give quick feedback on learning. The lecturer and students are involved in the assessment process. Clear assessment criteria must be compiled by the lecturer in cooperation with students so that the students will know precisely what is expected of them. Together with the learner-centred teaching approach, certain universities worldwide have been obliged to decrease contact time between lecturer and student. Reasons for this can mainly be ascribed to an increase in student numbers and to effectively vii manage the lecturers' time so that more time can be spent on research. The lecturer is supposed to design and plan a specific module so that the set learning outcomes could be achieved within the reduced time. Different guidelines are identified in the context of reducing contact time so as to ensure the effective achievement of learning outcomes. The lecturer should prepare, plan and manage contact time. Students must also accept larger responsibility for independent learning and attain some of the learning outcomes during non-contact times. To support students during non-contact times and to guide them in the attainment of learning outcomes and completion of assignments, students must make use of resource-based learning. The interactive study guide and work planning, as developed and compiled by the lecturer, is necessary for providing students with assistance and guidance so that students know precisely what is expected of them, what resources to use and when. It is furthermore necessary that the assessment strategies, that are used in the teaching of Geography, support the decrease in contact time. Bigger responsibility is given to students in the assessment process and is included in self and peer group assessment of and feedback to assignments. The Geography education lecturer involved in the development of the different Geography modules must make sure that over-assessment does not take place, but that students are exposed to multiple assessment methods. Decision-making by university management on decreased contact time was probably taken without considering the full implications for learner-centred teaching. This study is an attempt to implement a learner-centred teaching approach in the Geography training of education students within the optimising of contact time between lecturer and students. A concept model for the Geography training of education students was developed to ensure the successful attainment of learning outcomes. The perception and attitudes of the students regarding the concept model in Geography-training within the optimising of contact time was analysed, after which the examination results of the students were compared with results of previous years. From the information required in the literature as well as in the implementation of the concept model in Geography training, criteria and strategies for the effective training of Geography teachers in the optimising of contact time were developed. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:10:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarleneMO.pdf: 493546 bytes, checksum: 9f4d933fbdc5480f2d9e1c2d00b60bb5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-12-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / To present research had for study object to understand the social representations of the school geography for the students of the Municipal Schools Lions Prata and Dr. Francisco Brasileiro, located in the neighborhood of Catol?, and in Santa Terezinha District, respectively, in the municipal district of Campina Grande/PB. The objective of that study consisted of identifying, to understand and to analyze those apprehensions in the form as they are communicated and executed at the school and in the society. That search is due to the fact that the constant reproduction of the same ones in the current world context in that we are inserted doesn't to the understanding of the being's complexity and of the knowledge in the educational and social extent. Like this, we considered urgent their dialogues in practice didactic-pedagogic of the geography for ressignificar the geographical knowledge produced in the city. Authors as Moscovici; Jodelet; Bourdieu; Tuan; Foucault; Castoriadis; Morin among others contributed in the reflexive mediation of the imaginary symbolic emitted by the interior speeches of the 281 (two hundred and eighty and a) researched students. Those corresponded to 64,0% (sixty four) integral of the enrolled ones in the two schools of the municipal public system of teaching (INEP, 2005). A qualitative-quantitative survey was used and its answers were categorized by using the statistical description of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences SPSS Program. The freeassociation of words technique was also used in order to verify some information. The results revealed that the social representations of geography are still grounded in fragmented, content-based, positivistic and functional conceptions of man, society and the world. Manifestation of a traditional and organicistic teaching, this unveiling excludes the historical capacity of the students creative construction of knowledge, as well as a competent and demanding educational mediation / A presente pesquisa teve por objeto de estudo compreender as representa??es sociais da geografia escolar pelos alunos das Escolas Municipais Lions Prata e Doutor Francisco Brasileiro, localizadas no Bairro do Catol?, e no Distrito de Santa Terezinha, respectivamente, no munic?pio de Campina Grande/PB. O objetivo desse estudo consistiu em identificar, compreender e analisar essas apreens?es na forma como s?o comunicadas e efetivadas na escola e na sociedade. Essa busca se deve ao fato de que a constante reprodu??o das mesmas no atual contexto de mundo em que estamos inseridos n?o favorece ao entendimento da complexidade do ser e do saber no ?mbito educativo e social. Assim, consideramos urgentes suas interlocu??es na pr?tica did?tico-pedag?gica da geografia para ressignificar o conhecimento geogr?fico produzido na cidade. Autores como Moscovici; Jodelet; Bourdieu; Tuan; Foucault; Castoriadis; Morin entre outros contribu?ram na media??o reflexiva do imagin?rio simb?lico emitido pelas falas interiores dos 281 (duzentos e oitenta e um) alunos pesquisados. Esses corresponderam a 64,0% (sessenta e quatro) integrantes dos matriculados nas duas escolas do sistema p?blico municipal de ensino (INEP, 2005). Para a obten??o dos dados foi utilizado question?rio quantiqualitativo. As respostas foram categorizadas considerando a an?lise de conte?do fornecida pelo uso da descri??o estat?stica atrav?s do Programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences -SPSS. Tamb?m foi utilizada a t?cnica da associa??o livre de palavras para verifica??o das informa??es. Os resultados revelaram que as representa??es sociais da geografia permanecem ancoradas em concep??es fragmentadas, conteud?sticas, positivistas e funcionalistas de homem, sociedade, e mundo. Manifesta??o de um ensino tradicional e organicista, esse desvelamento inibe a capacidade hist?rica de participa??o criativa acerca da produ??o do conhecimento pelos sujeitos sociais, bem como, de uma media??o educativa competente e exigente

Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2015-01-20T16:11:44Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Claudia do Carmo Rosa - 2014.pdf: 1173009 bytes, checksum: 111454fddf7e3db6feb12acc5b4f281a (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2015-01-20T16:11:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Claudia do Carmo Rosa - 2014.pdf: 1173009 bytes, checksum: 111454fddf7e3db6feb12acc5b4f281a (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-20T16:12:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Claudia do Carmo Rosa - 2014.pdf: 1173009 bytes, checksum: 111454fddf7e3db6feb12acc5b4f281a (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This research has as an object of study the Supervised Curricular Stage in the graduation of the geography teacher, because this time of the progress is considered difficult due to lack of approach between institutions of higher education with field schools and vice versa. Its objective is understanding the stage when testing the formation process of the Geography teacher, having as a guide element the relation college – school. Through the activities of the internship in the Bachelor's Degree in Geography from the Universidade Estadual de Goiás – Porangatu Unit University , looks into the trainee insertion in the field school, the motivation for performing the stage, the difficulties faced in, the overcoming of such difficulties, the contributions of the stage to vocational training, the seriousness of the relation between college and school and interfaces between academic disciplines and geographic content on the school Geography building. In this sense, it is considered the stage as a potentiating curricular component from relation between mentioned educational institutions, even considering the gaps for effective interinstitutional approach. The study took a qualitative approach to the research participant type, in which data collect was accomplished by monitoring a Supervised Stage Course of Geography class in 2012 and 2013. Monitoring of research subjects, was used the narratives production as the main instrument to collect data and information. Other instruments were field diaries, documentary analysis and direct observation in the investigative field. The survey obtained twenty-two trainees participation, that produced five narratives with themes related to the activities performed on stage. The statements enabled to point the limits to be faced and the progress already achieved in the relationship between college and school, which is still far from ideal, since it is necessary the stage leaves to be seen only as required and be perceived as bureaucratic and essential part of teacher training. These research findings and the theoretical and methodological frameworks used allowed up proposals for referrals to university and school approach in building the school Geography, based, among others, in education planning, the role stage teacher-mentors and teacherssupervisors, and the geographic content role. The referrals proposed are certainly elements that become effective the approximation between college and school, and perhaps, be useful as a direction for further researches. / Esta investigação tem como objeto de estudo o Estágio Curricular Supervisionado na formação do professor de Geografia, por ser este momento do curso considerado difícil, devido à carência de aproximação entre as instituições de ensino superior com as escolas-campo e vice-versa. Seu objetivo é compreender o estágio no processo de formação do professor de Geografia, tendo como elemento norteador a relação universidade e escola. Por meio das atividades do estágio no curso de Licenciatura em Geografia da Universidade Estadual de Goiás – Unidade Universitária de Porangatu, investigam-se a inserção do estagiário na escola-campo, a motivação para a realização do estágio, as dificuldades enfrentadas, a superação de tais dificuldades, as contribuições do estágio para a formação profissional, a importância do estágio na relação universidade e escola e as interfaces entre as disciplinas acadêmicas e os conteúdos geográficos na construção da Geografia escolar. Nesse sentido, considerase o estágio um componente curricular potencializador da relação entre as instituições de ensino citadas, mesmo ponderando as lacunas existentes para uma efetiva aproximação interinstitucional. A investigação realizou-se numa abordagem qualitativa do tipo pesquisa participante, em que a coleta de dados foi efetivada mediante o acompanhamento de uma turma do Estágio Supervisionado do curso de Geografia nos anos de 2012 e 2013. No acompanhamento dos sujeitos da pesquisa, utilizou-se como principal instrumento de coleta de dados e informações a produção de narrativas. Outros instrumentos foram os diários de campo, a análise documental e a observação direta no campo investigativo. A pesquisa obteve a participação de vinte e dois estagiários, que produziram cinco narrativas com temáticas relativas às atividades realizadas no estágio. Os depoimentos possibilitaram evidenciar os limites a serem enfrentados e os avanços já conquistados na relação universidade e escola, que ainda está longe de ser a ideal, pois há a necessidade de o estágio deixar de ser visto apenas como obrigatório e burocrático e ser entendido como momento essencial da formação docente. As constatações desta investigação e os referenciais teóricometodológicos utilizados permitiram levantar propostas de encaminhamentos para a aproximação universidade e escola na construção da Geografia escolar, fundamentadas, entre outros, no planejamento de ensino, no papel dos professores orientadores e dos professores supervisores de estágio e no papel dos conteúdos geográficos. Os encaminhamentos propostos certamente são elementos condicionantes para que se efetive a aproximação universidade e escola e, quiçá, sirvam de direcionamento para outras pesquisas.

Der Übergang Europas in die Wissensgesellschaft ist durch die massive Ausbreitung wissenschaftlichen Wissens und dessen Eindringen in den ökonomischen Produktionsprozess gekennzeichnet. Für die Teilnahme von Regionen an der Wissensgesellschaft ist die Ausbildung junger Akademiker und deren Integration in den regionalen Arbeitsmarkt von entscheidender Bedeutung. In dieser Perspektive wird in der vorliegenden Arbeit die Erwerbssituation und die regionale Mobilität italienischer Hochschulabsolventen aus dem Mezzogiorno betrachtet. Die Untersuchung erfolgt anhand von zwei methodischen Ansätzen. Im ersten empirischen Teil wird umfangreiches Datenmaterial, u.a. die Hochschulabsolventenbefragung des italienischen Statistikamts, ausgewertet. Hierbei zeigt sich, dass der italienische Mezzogiorno trotz vergleichsweise niedriger Absolventenzahlen von einer extremen Jungakademikerarbeitslosigkeit gekennzeichnet ist: Zudem verlassen viele junge Süditaliener vor Studienbeginn oder nach Studienende ihre Heimat, um in Nord- oder Mittelitalien eine Arbeit zu finden, so dass von einem regelrechten Brain drain gesprochen werden kann. Im zweiten empirischen Teil der Arbeit werden in einer hermeneutischen Perspektive sowohl die Erwerbssituation als auch die Mobilitätsbereitschaft von Hochschulabsolventen in Sizilien untersucht. Mit Hilfe von biographisch orientierten, themenzentrierten qualitativen Interviews wird der Versuch unternommen, die Handlungsrationalitäten zu verstehen, die sich hinter den hohen Arbeitslosenzahlen verbergen. Es wird gezeigt, dass die sozialen, kulturellen und institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen die Entstehung komplexer Aktivitätsnetze begünstigen, die den Verbleib in Sizilien auch bei einer unbefriedigenden Erwerbssituation ermöglichen und zu einem permanenten Hinausschieben der Wanderungsentscheidung beitragen. Für die regionale Entwicklung Siziliens, wie auch der übrigen Regionen des Mezzogiorno, kann sich aber gerade der Verbleib junger Hochschulabsolventen in der Unterbeschäftigung als Standortvorteil für wissensorientierte Unternehmen und somit als Entwicklungspotential erweisen. / Europe''s transition towards the Knowledge Society is characterised by major advances in scientific knowledge and its infiltration of the economic production process. To fulfil their role in the Knowledge Society, regions must ensure that young academics can be educated and integrated into the regional labour market. In this perspective the book analyses the employment situation and the regional mobility of young academics in the Italian Mezzogiorno using two different empirical approaches. The first part of this paper investigates the employment situation and regional mobility of young Italian academics using data sources provided by the Italian statistical office, Istat. Despite its comparatively small academic population, the Italian Mezzogiorno is marked by extremely high unemployment levels among young academics. Furthermore, a large number of young Italians from the South leave their home region before starting university or after graduation in order to find jobs in Northern or Central Italy. The second section of this paper draws on empirical evidence to analyse the employment outlook and high level of emigration among young Sicilian graduates from a hermeneutic perspective. With the help of biographical, problem-oriented qualitative interviews, the author attempts to understand the culturally embedded rationalities that inform statistical evidence. Sicily''s social, cultural and institutional framework is shown to promote the growth of highly complex networks of activity that encourage young unemployed graduates to remain in unsatisfactory work environments and constantly postpone their decision to migrate. On a more positive note, the continued presence of young underemployed university graduates may be considered beneficial to the regional development of Sicily, as well as other parts of the Mezzogiorno, if interpreted as a regional advantage for knowledge-intensive industries in their search for new locations.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:15:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jailton Aparecido Rodrigues.pdf: 3116283 bytes, checksum: 4260ef91c350721989553adad70faf3e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-21 / The purpose of this research was the Barueri-Santana de Parnaíba (São Paulo State) Alphaville, the first Closed Horizontal Condominium (CHF, in Portuguese) in Brazil. Alphaville was the theme for studying concepts related to spatial segregation to better understand the urban restructuring. This research also is addressed to school teachers and students and teachers of undergraduate courses in Geography to contribute to debate on teaching of discipline. This work was divided into two sections: the first was a review of theoretical literature on the subject; the second involved practical activities for elementary school students on the theme of CHF as an aid in understanding some fundamental concepts of Geography and concepts related to socio-spatial inequality, closely related to the subject / O objeto de estudo desta pesquisa foi o Alphaville de Barueri-Santana de Parnaíba (SP), primeiro Condomínio Horizontal Fechado (CHF) do país. O Alphaville foi o tema para estudar conceitos relacionados à segregação socioespacial para compreender melhor a reestruturação urbana. Esta pesquisa também se dirigiu a professores da educação básica e a alunos e professores dos cursos de licenciatura em Geografia para contribuir com o debate sobre o ensino da Disciplina. A obra dividiu-se em duas seções: a primeira que foi uma revisão bibliográfica teórica sobre o tema; a segunda envolveu atividades práticas para alunos do ensino básico sob o tema dos CHF como auxíliona compreensão de alguns conceitos fundamentais de Geografiae conceitosrelacionados à desigualdade socioespacial, intimamente ligadosao tema