The basic aim of the diploma thesis is to cover the issue of accounting for business combinations, especially focus on accounting methods for business combinations -- concretely purchase method, new-entity method and pooling of interests method. The basis of the whole work is to focus on the methods, their historical development, set them in context with IFRS, US GAAP and czech accounting environment and finally to compare the methods.

Work is about corporation mergers in the first place in Czech Republic and about valuation issues. It brings comprehensive view into particular business areas in which are mergeres concerned. It is going about business-legal area, tax and accounting area. Particular sections about these areas are supplemented by the role of the expert in valuation and his opinion. Whole work is ilustrated by the exapmple from praxis.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-03T18:35:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Renata_Joyce_Theodoro.pdf: 1357930 bytes, checksum: 54705fca8944a34b97e4748ffab125f9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-17 / The research objective is to determine the tax advantage of the goodwill in the corporate restructuring operations and its relevance in decision making by businesses. The research methodology is classified qualitatively and quantitatively; the first held by the literature and document review; effected by the second crossing of the information collected. With the combination of these techniques was possible to achieve the research objective. Most of the improper use of tax goodwill in corporate restructuring operations has been identified by the amount of tax credit released on assessments due by practitioners and companies planning abusive. However, this credit also reveals the importance of the use of goodwill in these operations if it were representative of a tax elision economy. The feared extinction of goodwill did not occur, but their deduction was maintained only for transactions that occurred between unrelated parties. / O objetivo da pesquisa ?? apurar o aproveitamento tribut??rio do ??gio nas opera????es de reorganiza????o societ??ria e a sua relev??ncia na tomada de decis??o pelas empresas. A metodologia da pesquisa ?? classificada qualitativa e quantitativamente; a primeira realizada pela revis??o bibliogr??fica e documental; a segunda efetivada pelo cruzamento das informa????es coletadas. Com a combina????o dessas t??cnicas foi poss??vel atingir o objetivo da pesquisa. Na sua maioria, o aproveitamento tribut??rio indevido do ??gio nas opera????es de reorganiza????o societ??ria foi identificado pelo montante de cr??dito tribut??rio lan??ado em autua????es e devido pelas empresas praticantes de planejamentos abusivos. Em contrapartida, referido cr??dito tamb??m revela a import??ncia do aproveitamento do ??gio nessas opera????es se fosse representativo de uma economia elisiva tribut??ria. A temida extin????o do ??gio n??o ocorreu, mas sua dedu????o foi mantida apenas para as opera????es ocorridas entre partes independentes

This thesis is focused on mergers with an emphasis on valuation. It deals mainly with economic, legal, accounting and tax aspects. These aspects are enriched by the amendment of laws that come into legal force from 2012. The thesis is complemented by expert valuation process, without which most of the mergers could not be realized. Final part of this thesis describes concrete national merger of three companies stating the accounting treatment.

Submitted by Elba Lopes (elba.lopes@fecap.br) on 2017-12-19T22:59:36Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Adriano Dantas Lima Rodrigues.pdf: 683093 bytes, checksum: 5e76ca0b2e0469af0f0484640b8755c6 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-19T22:59:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Adriano Dantas Lima Rodrigues.pdf: 683093 bytes, checksum: 5e76ca0b2e0469af0f0484640b8755c6 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-05 / The objetive of this work was to analyze which motivating factors could positively be associated with the level of disclosure of business combination in Brazilian public companies that trade in S??o Paulo city stock exchange (B3). To fulfill such aim, it was developed a Business Combination index ??? INDCOMBADAPT, based on Nakayama & Salotti (2014) and Shalev (2009) researches. Instead of developing a disclosure index based on a checklist model, described by the technical pronouncement CPC 15 - Business Combinations as mandatory, in this research, some itens (subcategories) that could be repetitive were removed. Therefore, it was considered only information about one relevante criterion, that is, if missing, could cause problems to understand the procedure On the basis of previous researches, we selected factors that could positively impact the level of disclosure of business combination. We analyzed: companies?? size, listing segment in B3, subjection to regulatory agencies, free float shares, internationalization, audit firms, bond issuance, performance and indebtedness. We investigated the annual financial statements of 2015, from Brazilian companies that trade in S??o Paulo city stock exchange (B3), which described information concerning business combinations in these statements. We identified 28 acquirer companies involved in 53 procedures characterized as combinations, according to IFRS 03 (CPC-15 R1). In the studied period, the business combination disclosure index was 0,4082 (maximum 0,8095, and minimum 0,0479), indicating low disclosure level. Positive correlations concerning the combination index for the variable Indebteness were found. Moreover, after the regression analyzis the only conformed hyphotesis was that there is a positive relationship among financial statements audited by big audit firms and the level of disclosure of business combination. This confirms the works of Taplin, Zhao, & Brown (2014), Nakayama (2012) and Murcia (2009). / O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar quais fatores motivadores poderiam estar associados positivamente ao n??vel de divulga????o de combina????o de neg??cios em empresas brasileiras de capital aberto, na bolsa de valores de S??o Paulo (B3). Para alcan????-lo, foi desenvolvido um ??ndice de Combina????o de Neg??cios, o INDCOMBADPT, adaptado de Nakayama & Salotti (2014) e Shalev (2009). Em vez de desenvolver um ??ndice de divulga????o baseado em um modelo checklist do que o pronunciamento t??cnico CPC-15 R1 (IFRS 03) de combina????o de neg??cios descreve como conformidade da norma, nesta pesquisa, foram retirados itens (subcategorias) que poderiam ser repetitivos. Desse modo, considerou-se somente informa????es sobre um crit??rio de relev??ncia. Assim, foram observadas somente informa????es que partem do pressuposto de que, na falta, podem causar problemas no entendimento da opera????o. Com base em pesquisas anteriores, foram selecionados fatores que poderiam impactar positivamente o n??vel de combina????o de neg??cios. Foram analisados: porte das companhias, segmento de listagem, sujei????o ??s ag??ncias reguladoras, percentual das a????es em circula????o no mercado, internacionaliza????o, firmas de auditoria, emiss??o de t??tulos, desempenho e endividamento. Foram analisadas as demonstra????es financeiras anuais de 2015, das companhias brasileiras com a????es negociadas na bolsa de valores de S??o Paulo (B3), que descreveram informa????es referentes a combina????es de neg??cios nessas demonstra????es. Foram identificadas 28 companhias adquirentes envolvidas em 53 opera????es caracterizadas como combina????o, conforme o CPC-15 R1 (2011). No per??odo analisado, o ??ndice de divulga????o de combina????o de neg??cios ficou em 0,4082 (m??ximo 0,8095 e m??nimo 0,0476), indicando baixo n??vel de divulga????o. A pesquisa apresentou correla????o positiva quanto ao ??ndice de combina????o para a vari??vel Endividamento. E ap??s an??lise de regress??o, a ??nica hip??tese confirmada foi que existe rela????o positiva entre demonstra????es financeiras auditadas por grandes empresas de auditoria e o n??vel e divulga????o de combina????o de neg??cios, corroborando Taplin, Zhao, & Brown (2014), Nakayama (2012) e Murcia (2009).

The topic of this thesis titled " Accounting and tax aspects of capital transactions with company in comparison with CZ GAAP and IFRS" was the definition of ownership transactions with the company and description of some differences between both legislation. The accounting and taxation aspects were first analyzed in terms of theory (regu-lations, definition, history of the business combination and their development from the past to the present, present situation of volume of M&A transactions and method of accounting solutions of these transaction) and subsequently in the form of practical application to particular accounting data of two companies named XYZ a KLM. The practical part mostly deals with merger of companies KLM and XYZ. Both of them were limited liability compa-nies with financial problems. The first part of practical part of this thesis was to analyse the transformation project and progress chart. Then the closing balance sheets and income statements (Czech legislations) of XYZ and KLM were compared with balance sheets and statements according to IFRS. The opening balance sheet of the successor of this transaction (XYZ) was compiled by the purchase method with quantifying valuation difference on acquired assets. Mergers and acquisitions are the most frequent business combinations. Sectors of the economy with the highest number of these transactions are the sectors of industrials & chemicals in the world and the sector of Real estate in Czech Republic. The last chapter is focused on the differences and form IFRS and Czech legislation.

Submitted by Guilherme Pereira das Neves NEVES (gneves@nseb.com.br) on 2017-12-08T13:43:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GUILHERME NEVES - 08.12-versão final pós banca - 06-12-2017 (00088671xDAE77)-1 (002).pdf: 2533438 bytes, checksum: e1de02bc7e0a2aae008c392a5cbfae68 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Joana Martorini (joana.martorini@fgv.br) on 2017-12-08T14:28:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GUILHERME NEVES - 08.12-versão final pós banca - 06-12-2017 (00088671xDAE77)-1 (002).pdf: 2533438 bytes, checksum: e1de02bc7e0a2aae008c392a5cbfae68 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-08T16:37:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GUILHERME NEVES - 08.12-versão final pós banca - 06-12-2017 (00088671xDAE77)-1 (002).pdf: 2533438 bytes, checksum: e1de02bc7e0a2aae008c392a5cbfae68 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-13 / A legislação fiscal brasileira estabelece como condição necessária para a dedução fiscal do ágio pago na aquisição de participação em empresas brasileiras a ocorrência de evento especial de incorporação. Diante dela, investidores não residentes constituem holdings no país, as quais (i) ou realizam diretamente as correspondentes aquisições, ou (ii) servem de receptoras da participação societária adquiridas ordinariamente por suas controladoras no exterior. As referidas holdings são posteriormente incorporadas pelas empresas operacionais cujas participações societárias foram adquiridas, de modo que estas passam a deduzir fiscalmente o ágio. A Receita Federal do Brasil (RFB) entende que a utilização de sociedade holdings nesse contexto é artificial, uma vez que este tipo de estrutura societária oculta o real adquirente do investimento. Por esta razão desconsidera as referidas sociedades para fins tributários. Nesse contexto, a presente pesquisa pretende demonstrar que o ato de requalificação empreendido pelas autoridades fiscais, se considerado válido, gera como consequência jurídica ofensa à regra de não discriminação prevista no art. 2º da Lei nº 4.131/62, assim como ao princípio constitucional da igualdade tributária previsto no art. 150, II, da CF/88. / Brazilian tax law establishes as a mandatory condition for tax deduction of the goodwill paid upon the purchase of equity interest in Brazilian companies the occurrence of a special merger event. In view of that, non-resident investors incorporate holding companies in Brazil which either (i) perform the corresponding purchases directly, or (ii) serve as receivers of the equity interest originally purchased by their parent companies abroad. Said holding companies are subsequently downstream merged into the operating companies whose equity interests were acquired, and as a result they can deduct the goodwill paid for tax purposes. The Brazilian Federal Revenue Office ([Receita Federal do Brasil (RFB)] understands that the use of holding companies in that context is rather artificial, to the extent that this type of equity structure disguises the actual purchaser of the investment. For that reason, it disregards said holding companies for tax purposes. In this context, this research is intended to demonstrate that the act of requalification performed by tax authorities, if deemed to be valid, generates as a legal consequence the violation of the non-discrimination rule established by article 2 of Law No. 4,131/62 [Lei 4.131/62], as well as the constitutional principle of tax equality provided for by article 150, II of the Federal Constitution of 1988.

Graduation theses deal with essence and meaning of cross-border mergers in European Union. Meaning of this graduation theses is accounting solution according to Czech and Slovak trade and tax law. You can find here solving problems by IFRS. Important part of this essay is looking through starting balance sheet as of determining day. This graduation theses illustrated two case studies deal with cross-border mergers Slovak and Czech companies.

International Financial Reporting Standard IFRS 3 Business Combinations settles the rules of identifying, measuring, accounting and reporting for the business combinations. It decides, what is, or is not, a business combination, and explains different types of it. It asks an acquirer to use the acquisition method for accounting for the business combination at the date of acquisition. Especially to correctly recognize all the assets and liabilities acquired in the business combinations, to measure them at their fair value at the date of acquisition, to measure goodwill, and to report the information on business combination required in his financial statements. This thesis deals with the most important aspects of the business combinations, especially mergers. It explains also the most significant differences of the standard IFRS 3 Business combinations compared to the previous vision, and to some national legal regulations, and mentions also the probable development of the international accounting in the future. An attention is given also to the cross-border acquisitions. In its practical part, the thesis focuses to evaluation of fulfilling the requirements to disclose information on business combination in practice.

This diploma thesis is concerned with legal, accounting and tax issues of mergers in Czech republic and accounting solution according to IAS/IFRS. It focus especially on problems related with accounting solution of mergers in the Czech republic and differences against accounting solution according to IAS/IFRS.