Este trabalho propõe a integração de técnicas de sensoriamento dinâmico, redes de dados sem fio e internet. A implementação dos nós da rede visa permitir o monitoramento de objetos que se movem tanto numa rede interna, limitada a uma edificação, quanto numa rede externa, através de coordenadas GPSs (Global Position Systems). A rede sem fio, que utiliza o protocolo ZigBee, é composta por sensores, atuadores e lâmpadas e é dotada de mobilidade através de controles remotos1. A rede ZigBee é integrada, através de um gateway, a uma rede TCP/IP para permitir o monitoramento e a atuação remota sobre ela, via um servidor HTTP e/ou uma rede de dados celular (GPRS), que, quando fora do alcance dos nós da rede ZigBee interna, torna-se responsável pelo envio de coordenadas GPS na rede externa, garantindo a onipresença do monitoramento. Além das adaptações na pilha TCP/IP e o desenvolvimento de um software que utiliza a rede GPRS para envio de coordenadas GPS, destacam-se, como contribuições originais desta tese: (i) a solução de problemas da pilha ZigBee original no tocante a endereçamento, que impossibilitava a mobilidade na rede - desta forma, uma nova técnica de endereçamento seqüencial foi implementada com sucesso; (ii) novo código que simulou o AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), tanto para encriptação quanto para desencriptação dos dados. Testes para validação dos protótipos desenvolvidos são apresentados / This MSc Thesis proposes the integration of dynamic sensing techniques, wireless data network and Internet. The implementation of network nodes aims to allow monitoring of moving objects, either inside an internal network, limited to one area, or in an external network, through GPS\'s (Global Position Systems). The wireless network, which uses the ZigBee protocol, is composed of sensors, actuators and lamps, and is endowed with mobility through remote controls. Thus, it is integrated, through a gateway, to a TCP / IP network to allow remote monitoring and acting on it via an HTTP server and / or a mobile data network (GPRS), responsible for sending the GPS coordinates on the external network, ensuring the ubiquity of monitoring. Further to adaptations in the TCP/IP stack and the development of a software that uses GPRS protocol to send GPS coordinates, the main contributions of this work are: (i) proposal of a new addressing technique, based on a sequential numbering of nodes, instead of the standard one, thus solving problems related to mobility in the network; (ii) proposal of a new security code to emulate AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), either for data encryption or decryption. Tests for validation of the developed prototypes will be presented

<p>This thesis aims to investigate a method and tool for emulation of the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) core network needed as an environment to test the routing functionality. GPRS is the most widely adopted mobile packet data delivery technology in the world. It utilizes an Intranet Protocol (IP)-based core network and involves significant changes to the way the Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) air interface is structured. It also forms the basis of the future structure of mobile network transmission and switching.</p><p>The Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) is the most fundamental node in GPRS. Ericsson produces and manages an increasing number of SGSN nodes in the world. One of main functionalities of SGSN node is to forward IP packets according to the destination address in the IP header on IP core network.</p><p>In each new release of SGSN, or when implementation or upgrades have been done on routing application on SGSN, design and test engineers at Ericsson need to emulate the IP core network. This must be done with use of many routers to generate huge amounts of data that can simulate the real world IP core network.</p><p>The major goal of this thesis was to analyze and verifying the use of a suitable and economical solution to emulating IP Core Network of the GPRS system for testing of different functionality of the routing application running in SGSN , instead of building up a physical Core Network with different infrastructure and many routers.</p><p>The method chosen for emulating the IP core network with many routers, and investigated in the thesis, is based on a Cisco simulator called “Dynamips”, which runs many actual Cisco Internetwork Operating Systems (IOS) with many different models of Cisco products in a virtual environment on Windows or Linux platforms. With this simulator, engineers at Ericsson will be able to use this simulator to emulate IP core network easily and efficiently to accomplish system test cases.</p><p>A conclusion of this work is that Dynamips could be used to emulate many complicated IP core network scenarios, with many routers to generate huge amounts of data to simulate the real world IP core network. The emulated system fulfils its purpose for testing of the routing application of SGSN regarding different functionality and characteristics. This is done to ensure and verify that SGSN routing application meets its functional and technical requirements, and also helps to find undiscovered errors as well as helps to ensure that the individual components of routing application on SGSN are working correctly.</p>

Este trabalho propõe a integração de técnicas de sensoriamento dinâmico, redes de dados sem fio e internet. A implementação dos nós da rede visa permitir o monitoramento de objetos que se movem tanto numa rede interna, limitada a uma edificação, quanto numa rede externa, através de coordenadas GPSs (Global Position Systems). A rede sem fio, que utiliza o protocolo ZigBee, é composta por sensores, atuadores e lâmpadas e é dotada de mobilidade através de controles remotos1. A rede ZigBee é integrada, através de um gateway, a uma rede TCP/IP para permitir o monitoramento e a atuação remota sobre ela, via um servidor HTTP e/ou uma rede de dados celular (GPRS), que, quando fora do alcance dos nós da rede ZigBee interna, torna-se responsável pelo envio de coordenadas GPS na rede externa, garantindo a onipresença do monitoramento. Além das adaptações na pilha TCP/IP e o desenvolvimento de um software que utiliza a rede GPRS para envio de coordenadas GPS, destacam-se, como contribuições originais desta tese: (i) a solução de problemas da pilha ZigBee original no tocante a endereçamento, que impossibilitava a mobilidade na rede - desta forma, uma nova técnica de endereçamento seqüencial foi implementada com sucesso; (ii) novo código que simulou o AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), tanto para encriptação quanto para desencriptação dos dados. Testes para validação dos protótipos desenvolvidos são apresentados / This MSc Thesis proposes the integration of dynamic sensing techniques, wireless data network and Internet. The implementation of network nodes aims to allow monitoring of moving objects, either inside an internal network, limited to one area, or in an external network, through GPS\'s (Global Position Systems). The wireless network, which uses the ZigBee protocol, is composed of sensors, actuators and lamps, and is endowed with mobility through remote controls. Thus, it is integrated, through a gateway, to a TCP / IP network to allow remote monitoring and acting on it via an HTTP server and / or a mobile data network (GPRS), responsible for sending the GPS coordinates on the external network, ensuring the ubiquity of monitoring. Further to adaptations in the TCP/IP stack and the development of a software that uses GPRS protocol to send GPS coordinates, the main contributions of this work are: (i) proposal of a new addressing technique, based on a sequential numbering of nodes, instead of the standard one, thus solving problems related to mobility in the network; (ii) proposal of a new security code to emulate AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), either for data encryption or decryption. Tests for validation of the developed prototypes will be presented

This thesis aims to investigate a method and tool for emulation of the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) core network needed as an environment to test the routing functionality. GPRS is the most widely adopted mobile packet data delivery technology in the world. It utilizes an Intranet Protocol (IP)-based core network and involves significant changes to the way the Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) air interface is structured. It also forms the basis of the future structure of mobile network transmission and switching. The Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) is the most fundamental node in GPRS. Ericsson produces and manages an increasing number of SGSN nodes in the world. One of main functionalities of SGSN node is to forward IP packets according to the destination address in the IP header on IP core network. In each new release of SGSN, or when implementation or upgrades have been done on routing application on SGSN, design and test engineers at Ericsson need to emulate the IP core network. This must be done with use of many routers to generate huge amounts of data that can simulate the real world IP core network. The major goal of this thesis was to analyze and verifying the use of a suitable and economical solution to emulating IP Core Network of the GPRS system for testing of different functionality of the routing application running in SGSN , instead of building up a physical Core Network with different infrastructure and many routers. The method chosen for emulating the IP core network with many routers, and investigated in the thesis, is based on a Cisco simulator called “Dynamips”, which runs many actual Cisco Internetwork Operating Systems (IOS) with many different models of Cisco products in a virtual environment on Windows or Linux platforms. With this simulator, engineers at Ericsson will be able to use this simulator to emulate IP core network easily and efficiently to accomplish system test cases. A conclusion of this work is that Dynamips could be used to emulate many complicated IP core network scenarios, with many routers to generate huge amounts of data to simulate the real world IP core network. The emulated system fulfils its purpose for testing of the routing application of SGSN regarding different functionality and characteristics. This is done to ensure and verify that SGSN routing application meets its functional and technical requirements, and also helps to find undiscovered errors as well as helps to ensure that the individual components of routing application on SGSN are working correctly.

This thesis is focused on the design of remote data transmission equipment, without access to mains power. The device will measure the voltage of the gas pipeline and send this information to the operator for processing. Analysis of today's technologies for long-distance transmission and based on the selected technology, the device will be designed. According to selected components, its power supply will be designed with the aim of long-term functionality and continuous operation.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 20-23, 2003 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / The intelligent vehicle navigation system is a multifunctional and complex integrated system that uses autonomous vehicle navigation, geography information, database system, computer technology, multimedia technology and wireless communication. In this paper, an autonomous navigation system based on embedded hardware and embedded operation system that is Linux is proposed. The system has advantages of low cost, small mass, multifunction and high stability, especially connecting with Internet.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 20-23, 2003 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / The IMS(In-vehicle Monitoring Subsystem) of VMS(Vehicle Monitoring System) is the multifunctional and complex integrate embedded system, which sends the data of various in-vehicle devices to MC(Monitoring Center) and accepts commands and schedules from there. Using GPRS platform in this system make it possible for real-time and effective data transmission. This paper proposes some new insights on IMS applied to public traffic, including its software and hardware composition, and its realization method.

La presente tesis consiste en el diseño e implementación de una plataforma que sirva como medio para brindar información a los importadores y exportadores acerca del estado de su mercadería durante el viaje marítimo entre un puerto y otro. El primer presenta una definición del problema que tienen los contenedores durante el proceso de importación, indicando cuales son los principales problemas que ocurren durante las importaciones. Luego se hace el planteamiento de la solución en la cual se describen los alcances y las limitaciones del presente proyecto de tesis. El segundo capítulo presenta el marco teórico necesario para hacer el diseño y la implementación de la plataforma. En este capítulo se ven los conceptos teóricos acerca del funcionamiento del GPS y de los sensores que funcionan en la etapa de adquisición de datos. Luego se presentan los conceptos teóricos como de los sistemas de comunicaciones móviles, de telefonía IP. Se incluye la situación de las plataformas de monitoreo en el mundo y en el Perú El tercer capítulo presenta la arquitectura de solución que se planteó para la implementación de la plataforma. Al principio de este capítulo se hace un descripción de la arquitectura lógica de la plataforma para luego pasar a describir los servidores que se usarán en la plataforma. También se incluye una descripción de las herramientas tecnológicas que se usaron para su implementación como los lenguajes de programación y los AT-Commands. El cuarto capítulo aborda los temas de diseño de la plataforma. En la primera parte se describen los servicios que brindará la plataforma una vez que se implemente, para ello se hace una división modular de la plataforma. Luego de realizar esta división se muestran los diagramas de flujo de cada módulo y se describen los módulos. El quinto capítulo se divide en dos partes, la primera parte aborda los temas de la implementación de la plataforma. En esta parte se hace una descripción de la ii i implementación de la plataforma a nivel modular. En la segunda parte, se describe las pruebas de funcionamiento realizadas a la plataforma. Por último, se presentan las conclusiones y recomendaciones del presente trabajo, además de proponer algunos trabajos futuros que permitan la ampliación de la plataforma no solo a nivel geográfico sino también a nivel modular. / Tesis

El presente proyecto de tesis consiste en la implementación un aplicativo para teléfonos móviles que pueda listar las rutas de transporte público urbano de la ciudad de Lima Metropolitana tomando como datos de entrada la información de la ubicación del usuario. Para ello la tesis se ha dividido en cinco capítulos que abarcan los aspectos teóricos y prácticos de la implementación del sistema el cual está compuesto por un servidor de aplicaciones, un servidor de base de datos y la aplicación móvil. El primer capítulo se enfoca en el estudio de las tecnologías relacionadas al desarrollo de las aplicaciones móviles en general, asimismo se detallan las características de las herramientas disponibles para el desarrollo del proyecto. El segundo capítulo busca presentar el análisis de la solución realizado a partir de los conceptos y herramientas presentadas en el capítulo anterior, además de ello se explica las características de la propuesta de solución. El tercer capítulo describe el diseño de la solución el cual incluye la información de la arquitectura del sistema, el flujo de datos, la descripción de la base de datos a utilizar y finalmente las interfaces de la aplicación. El cuarto capítulo, por su parte, explica la implementación realizada para ello se detalla tanto la estructura de la aplicación como las configuraciones realizadas en el sistema. El quinto capítulo expone las pruebas del prototipo, las herramientas utilizadas y los resultados obtenidos durante ese proceso. Por último, se presentan las conclusiones y recomendaciones del trabajo, además de proponer algunos trabajos futuros que permitan la integración de este sistema con nuevas herramientas de telecomunicaciones que complementen el trabajo presentado y le añadan nuevas características de acuerdo a los nuevos requerimientos de los usuarios. / Tesis

<p>The convergence of future networks relies on the evolution of technology that enables seamless roaming abilities across non-heterogenous networks for mobile clients. This thesis presents an experimental study of a GPRS-WLAN integration scenario where the objective is to analyze various aspects of the issues related to charging, mobility, roaming and security between GPRS and WLAN networks. The mainly discussed integration scenario in this thesis is loosely coupled systems working on RADIUS platforms, which together with MobileIP and IPSec provides the mobile client with a secure and access-technology independent network access platform. </p><p>In order to accommodate GPRS client authentication for WLAN operators, there is a prominent need for the incorporation of necessary GPRS functionality into present AAA servers. RADIUS has been studied as the initial target for the implementation of a GPRS interface towards SMS-Cs and HLRs.The authentication of a mobile client is performed against a HLR/AuC in a GPRS network, either over SS7 links or through the incorporation of SIGTRAN protocols over SCTP. SIGTRANsolutions has the ability to join WLAN networks in a SS7 resource sharing model where the SS7 authentication signalling traffic is transported over IP networks to a Signalling Gateway acting as the logical interface against SS7 networks. </p><p>GPRS-WLAN accounting may be solved through direct roaming agreements between mobile operators and in such a case transport CDR’s over FTP between their billing systems. If roaming agreements does not exist, it may be viable to establish relationships between WLANs and brokers as well as mobile operators and brokers. The brokering model provides a scalable model that allows easier exchange of charging and billing information on an infrastructure based on WLAN and GPRS billing systems. Standardised transmission protocols for accounting information such as GTP’/TAP3 may be utilised in order to provide a generic billing exchange format between billing systems and operators. </p><p>Furthermore, different network architectures may have different requirements in order to accommodate GPRS clients with WLAN access. A few network architectures has been analysed, and the developed GPRS AAA Interface Daemon (GAID) has been put into context in order to present a generic GPRS-WLAN systems integration solution for WLAN operators. </p><p>The analysed solutions in this thesis give various possibilities for WLAN operators to setup wireless services for bypassing mobile clients. The implementational work provides a RADIUS platform, which can be enhanced with functionality that enables communication over any interface in the future.</p>