Som följd av den pågående urbaniseringen har de naturliga förutsättningarna för regn och smältvattnet att infiltrera i marken och återgå till sitt kretslopp på naturlig väg försvunnit i städerna. I Stockholm leds ungefär hälften av dagvattnet via VA-nätet direkt och orenat till reningsverken. Dagvattenflödet varierar kraftigt vilket orsakar toppar som överbelastar VAnätet  och är svåra för reningsverken att hantera. Istället för att ledas ut i VA-nätet ska dagvatten strävas efter att hanteras lokalt. Arbetet lägger fokus på dagvattenhanteringen för takparken på ett nybyggnadsprojekt i Stockholm, projektet PARK 1. Projektet ritas av White arkitekter och ska certifieras enligt BREEAM och där nå den högsta klassningen Outstanding. Hållbar användning av mark och vatten är därför en av de viktiga frågorna i detta projekt. Syftet med arbetet är att omarbeta ett gestaltningsförslag av PARK1´s takpark samt att presentera lösningar för dess dagvattenhantering. Detta utförs med hänsyn till framtida klimatförändringar och byggnadens vattenkretslopp samt samordning och tillgänglighet. Arbetet utförs främst genom litteraturstudier, men har också kompletterats genom samtal, diskussioner och studiebesök. AutoCAD, SketchUp och Photoshop används för att illustera den planerade parken samt dess växter, funktioner och konstruktionslösningar. Dimensioneringen av brunnar och stammar görs med hänsyn till 100-årsregn för att klara framtida klimatförändringar. Med hjälp av nederbördsstatistik beräknas sannolik nederbörd för parken, denna mängd motsvara det dagvatten som ska hanteras lokalt. Avrinningsytan går från att vara en parkeringsplats där allt dagvatten belastar VA-nätet till att bli en takpark där dagvattnet utnyttjas till bevattning och 25 procent av byggnadens WCspolning. Dagvattnet blir direkt på platsen omvandlat till spillvatten och som följd blir tillförseln till vatten- och avloppsnätet från byggnaden jämn och stabil och färskvattenförbrukningen sänks. / As a result of ongoing urbanization, natural conditions for rain and meltwater to infiltrate in the ground and regress to the natural water cycle have disappeared in cities. About half of the stormwater in Stockholm is transported through the municipal water sewerage system directly to sewage treatment works. The flow of stormwater varies vigorously, causing flow peaks that overburden the system and treatment works. The aim should be to handle and use the stormwater locally instead of releasing it to the system. The focus of this bachelor thesis is how stormwater from a soon to be built construction project in Stockholm can be handled. The project, PARK 1, is designed by the architectural  firm White Arkitekter and is set to be BREEAM certified and to reach the classification outstanding. Therefore, sustainable use of land and water resources is one of the key matters in the project. The purpose of the study is to rework a existing design proposal for the rooftop garden planed on PARK1 and present solutions for stormwater usage. Consideration must be taken to future climate changes, coordination among disciplines and accessibility. The work was conducted mainly through literature studies and complemented by discussions and site visits to reference projects. AutoCAD, SketchUp and Photoshop were used to illustrate plans and details of the park proposal with its plantations, activities and technical solutions. Estimations of the quantity of roof outlets and dimensions of vertical downpipes were made for 100-year rain conditions. Through quantitative analysis of precipitation statistics the expected precipitation were calculated. Which after runoff covers the irrigation needs of the  park and 25 percent of the water needed for flushing of the buildings WC:s. The runoff surface is altered from being a parking lot where all stormwater ends up in the municipal water sewerage, to a rooftop garden where all of the stormwater is handled locally. This allows stormwater to be transformed into wastewater on sight, thereby contributing to a steady flow in sewer pipes in addition to help lower the buildings fresh water consumption.

The thesis solves the project of a kindergarten in the field of inclination 7%. The kindergarten is located on the plots number 570, st. 373, st. 374 in the village Vrané nad Vltavou. The building has two floors and one basement. The kindergarten is for 60 children and for 11 employees. The building serves as a preschool institution for raising children. The supporting structure consists of a precast concrete frame supplemented in the basement by a cast-in-place wall and a foundation slap. External walls and partitions form sand-lime bricks Sendwich. The external walls are completed with Orsilt TF Profi mineral insulation th. 280 mm. The floors are made of prestressed concrete floor slabs Spiroll PPD 256 th. 250 mm supported by T and L primary beams. The building ends with a could extensive green roof. The slope and space for the blow-in insulation Climatizer Plus uses Steico Joist 400 I-beams. Windows are wooden frame Optiwin Purista and doors are Optiwin Entrada.

Diploma project develops the intention to build up an ecological project based on renewable resources utilization of energy and materials recycling in Zábřeh. The study is engaged in possible area extension and tries to divide it into functional zones, when zone of main production remains the same (already elaborated project) and the zone of extension where there is settled production storages, alt.production hall extension. Third zone, so-called green zone, is developed in more detail. The green zone is a belt of plot separating the production area from second-class road nr.315, and also creates entrance gateway and lungz of the whole area. The green belt is conceived as a sojourn park with water elements(biotopes, lake, water basin), which is intersected by wooden footbridge, that connects object of multifunction pavilion and office building and ends at articifial island, or more precisely as a torso in the lake waters, symbolizing the science, which´s end is far away for human beings. The footbridge is also an axis between planned science-technological centres for the direct processing of waste materials. Administration building and pavilion are conceived as a „second nature“, purely human artifact, whih is also clearly expressed in „non-natural“ materials used. Their concept tries to saturate client´s requests and use the renewable resources of energy with observance of building biology principles (author´s request) at the same time.

Interest about living in the city is increasing and people look suitable sites for newconstruction. Boundary of these good places expand into the landscape. Undeveloped areas have become valuable goods and it is important to build up the appropriate form of building with critical density, which will provide new space for living, but also contribute to raising living standards and it elevate all surrounding area. Variable and flexible solution of my architectural and urban design fights with evacuation people into urban sprawl and try put there quality housing to the city center and try to be a timeless concept,which will be able to respond to different human rights requirements and wishes. The built up area will be created by grouping the proposed houses and residential houses into blocks. Individual detached houses are designed in a range of four sizes for satisfy of people who require small houses and for people which findmore comfortable living. Different sizes of houses could satisfy both seniors and young couples and families with children and the solution ensure local settlement by people of all ages and this creates a healthy demographers structure for place.

Les toits verts sont des écosystèmes d’une grande importance pour les milieux urbains. Cependant, le microbiome du sol est peu considéré dans l’aménagement de ces habitats, alors qu’il est pourtant à la base de nombreux services écosystémique, dont le cyclage des nutriments et la productivité primaire. Il est donc nécessaire de s’intéresser davantage à l’assemblage de ce microbiome, de manière à éventuellement mieux manipuler ces communautés pour favoriser le maintien des services écosystémiques. Nous avons donc échantillonné le sol 19 toits verts en plus de cinq grands parcs urbains afin d’étudier les communautés bactériennes, fongiques et mycorhiziennes de ces habitats. Contrairement à ce que prédisent les théories classiques en écologie, les communautés microbiennes des sols des toits verts sont abondantes et diversifiées même dans les toits les plus jeunes. De plus ces communautés ne sont pas dominées par des microorganismes reconnus comme étant tolérants au stress. Ainsi, les limites à la dispersion ne semblent pas affecter ces communautés microbiennes isolées. Une grande variation dans les structures des communautés est restée non expliquée, montrant peu d’évidences d’assemblages déterministes. Ce phénomène pourrait être dû à une plus grande importance de déterminants ou processus stochastiques. Nous avons aussi observé ce phénomène chez les champignons mycorhiziens avec une plus grande abondance des espèces fréquentes régionalement et globalement. Cela montre l’importance du pool régional d’espèces pour l’assemblage des communautés des toits verts. Les toits échantillonnés ont des microbiomes uniques aux parcs environnants, avec une faible abondance de certains groupes taxonomiques, comme les Thaumarchaeota (procaryotes nitrificateurs), les actinobactéries (saprotrophes), ou les Gigasporaceae (champignons mycorhiziens produisant un important réseau d’hyphes extraracinaires). Ces profils microbiens uniques pourraient induire des conséquences biogéochimiques importantes sur les processus écosystémiques du sol des toits verts. Les recherches futures devraient évaluer les liens entre la structure du microbiome et les fonctions écosystémiques rendus par les toits verts. / Green roofs are novel ecosystems of great importance for urban environments. However, green roof soil microbiome has received little attention, even though it supports numerous ecosystem services. It is therefore necessary to pay more attention to the green roof soil microbiome assembly and eventually better manipulate it to promote the maintenance of ecosystem services, as nutrient cycling and primary productivity. We sampled 19 green roofs in addition to five large urban parks to study the bacterial, fungal and mycorrhizal communities in these habitats. Contrary to what was expected under classic ecological theories, microbial communities were abundant and diverse, even on the youngest roofs. Moreover, green roofs soils were not dominated by microorganisms known to be particularly stress tolerant. Dispersal limitation did not appear to affect the green roof soil communities. High level of variation in community structure remained unexplained, showing little evidence of deterministic assembly. This phenomenom may be a sign of stochastic assembly in these habitats. It was partly observed for mycorrhizal fungi with greater abundance of regionally and globally frequent species. This suggests the importance of regional species pool for community assembly in green roofs. The sampled roofs showed unique microbiomes, with low abundance of some taxonomic groups, such as the Thaumarchaeota (nytrifying prokaryotes), Actinobacteria (sapotrophs), or Gigasporaceae (mycorrhizal fungi producing an important external hyphae network). This could have important biogeochemical consequences on green roofs. Much insight will be gained from future research looking at the links between microbiome composition and the ecosystem services provided by green roofs.

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The project documentation, processed in the framework of the diploma thesis, solves the new building of the administrative building of the building company in the village Lukov u Moravských Budějovic. The building is made of traditional brick technology therm tl. 50 cm, without insulation, ceilings are reinforced concrete, flat roof, vegetation. Vegetation is also part of the facade of the building, which at the same time serves as a root cleaner. The philosophy of the whole design is to create a high-quality working environment for building company employees, a pleasant environment for customers and to best solve the environmental footprint of the building. The building is designed as a modern office building, with space for leisure activities of staff and their visits, taking into account the responsible approach to the development industrial site and the surrounding nature. The building efficiently manages potable, rain and wastewater, the envelope of the building, and the individual structures are designed to make the entire building as energy-consuming as possible, and do not pump irreparably by nature its natural resources in a larger quantity than necessary.

The goal of my work was to design a good working complex of buildings with a diverse functional structure which is missing in Masaryk's district a little. The design is highly influenced by the character of Masaryk's quarter, transport solutions and other factors that emerged from individual territorial analyzes. Crucial to my design was the position of the tram loop. I decided to move the loop to the park, which allowed me to create a quiet square for people and not for transport. Designed apartment houses create block structure by their shape and layout. The site is densely bulit with terraced houses that appear in this locality. Another inspiration for me was the area around Pod kaštany Street. Buildings are designed as a four-storey. The fourth floor is retreated to three-meter to creating roof terraces for flats in last storey. The mass of the house is created by simple blocks with an average size of 72 x 12 m. They are curved at the end to create form a block structure. There is always a 9 m space between these intersections, which forms the entrance to the courtyard. The views of the courtyards repeat the principle of distance between family houses with views of their private gardens. In addition to residential buildings, I have also designed a library with a social center, a town hall that creates a counterbalance to the church of St. Augustine and also a smaller sports hall. All these buildings work together to bring more diversity into Masaryk's neighborhood, whether in terms of civic amenities or social composition of the population.

The scope of this diploma thesis is design and processing of the project documentation of the guesthouse along with coffee shop. The proposed object of this thesis is located in the village Čeladná next to the golf course Prosper Golf Resort Čeladná, in the location designated for mixed constructions. One of the double-storeyed, non-cellular object with roofed surface and steep roof. The object is based on the base stripes made of plain concrete and on the reinforced concrete flaps. Carrying, perihepral and dividing walls are designed on the Velox systém. The same systém was used to design roof constructions. In the rooms with excessive width are filled with reinforced concrete columns. Part of the guesthouse and second floor of the coffee shop is designed with ventilated facade with wood paneling ThermoWood. The object is divided in two parts with common entrance section. One part of the coffee shop has ability to handle capacity of 70 guests. Part of the double-storeyed coffee shop is hygienic facilities, kitchen, room for employees, warehouse and mechanical ventilation. Second part of the object is the guesthouse with flat of the manager of the guesthouse. The guesthouse consists of room with hygienic facilities for 18 people, including barrier-free room. The rooms are divided in the first floor on separate units, the rooms with hygienic facilities and the apartments in the second floor has two rooms, kitchen and hygienic facilities. For the next parts of the guesthouse is warehouse clean and dirty laundry and shared kitchen. The whole first floor is designed as barrier-free. In front of the object is the parking lot for 21 cars, which 3 of the parking places are for the cars of the disabled.

The subject of the diploma thesis is processing of the technical part of the project documentation for the new three-storey home for elderly with partial basement, which is located in the village Ořechov. The object is situated on a flat terrain, which is situated little bit higher than local road. That was used for an architectonic conception of the house –basement is open and accessible by local road from the north side, the rest is under ground. The detached building is partly roofed by a flat green roof and partly roofed by flat roof covered with gravel. The object is divided into individual areas. In the second and third floor is living and social area. 11 dwelling units of different sizes are designed. First floor is also accessible to the public and together with entrance hall and reception, which is situated in the middle of the object with the main entrance on the east side, there are another two separate areas. The left wing serves as a medical department, in the right wing is cofé with his own staff facilities. In the basement is a utility room and storage areas.