Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2018-02-07T10:58:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 OLÍVIA RODRIGUES DA CUNHA.pdf: 1022920 bytes, checksum: 24bd2ffbe4cf9a870fd01f4592c43108 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-07T10:58:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 OLÍVIA RODRIGUES DA CUNHA.pdf: 1022920 bytes, checksum: 24bd2ffbe4cf9a870fd01f4592c43108 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-06 / Psychotherapy is focused on the client's emotions, although, as it is a relationship, the therapist is also affected in the process and thus, his or her emotions and actions can also change the course of treatment. The aim of this study is to explore how the therapist decides to use his or her emotions and how the therapist's emotional involvement can be beneficial to the psychotherapy process. A study was developed with 14 therapists, through semistructured interviews, to probe how therapists work with their emotions in clinical practice. The method was based on Grounded Theory Analysis. The results suggest that the therapist's emotions exposed in session have therapeutic utility, helping to access the client's clinically relevant problems or to diagnosis, evaluate or formulate the case. They can serve as an intervention tool to evoke, reinforce or weaken behaviors. In addition to helping the client access new perspectives concerning the other in the relationship, the awareness of one's own experience, they also help the therapist offer relational interpretations and models for new behaviors. Therapists who work their emotions notice changes in their life in the personal and professional spheres. Concerning the ways and safeguards used by therapists to expose themselves emotionally the study found that the therapist decides on the relevance of his or her emotions based on his or her theoretical model, his or her conceptualization of the client's case and his or her personal sensitivity. Pathways for work with their emotions are developed by the therapist, with consideration of the risks and of their personal difficulties, balancing caution, with courage and accepting the client with humility and love. / A psicoterapia é voltada para as emoções do cliente, embora por se tratar de uma relação, o terapeuta também seja afetado no processo e assim, suas emoções e ações também possam alterar o andamento do tratamento. O objetivo desse estudo é explorar como o terapeuta decide usar suas emoções e como o envolvimento emocional do terapeuta pode ser benéfico ao processo psicoterápico. Foi desenvolvido um estudo com 14 terapeutas, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas para compreender como os terapeutas lidam com suas emoções na prática clínica. O método foi pautado na Grounded Theory Analysis. Os resultados sugerem que as emoções do terapeuta expostas em sessão têm utilidade terapêutica, auxiliam no acesso aos problemas clinicamente relevantes do cliente ou no diagnóstico, avaliação ou formulação do caso. Foi possível constatar que, as emoções do terapeuta serviram como ferramentas de intervenção para evocar, reforçar ou enfraquecer comportamentos. Serviram também como meio para que o cliente acessasse novas perspectivas, para que considerasse o outro na relação e para a tomada de consciência da própria experiência. E, finalmente, as emoções do terapeuta possibilitaram interpretações relacionais e modelos para novos comportamentos. Terapeutas que trabalharam com suas emoções na clínica, notaram mudanças em suas vidas nas esferas pessoais e profissionais. Quanto aos caminhos e suportes usados pelos terapeutas ao se exporem emocionalmente, a pesquisa verificou que os terapeutas decidiam a relevância das suas emoções se baseando no seu modelo teórico, na conceituação do caso de cada cliente e em sua sensibilidade pessoal. Afloraram nos clínicos, modos para trabalhar com suas emoções, considerando os riscos e suas dificuldades pessoais e tendo cautela, mas também agindo com coragem e acolhendo o cliente com humildade e amor.

The purpose of this study was to identify what women with primary breast cancer found helpful and unhelpful in psychological therapy. In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with eleven women who had been supported post diagnosis, with psychological therapy. The women were, in the main, recruited from the Breast Cancer Voices network, set up by the national charity Breast Cancer Care. Data was analysed using Grounded Theory Analysis (GTA), from a social constructionist perspective. The women identified a range of helpful aspects in therapy: They all discussed their context, being thrown into the breast cancer world and analysis identified three helpful conditions; having the psychological need recognised by others, having easy access to ongoing flexible therapy and valuing the therapist's personal qualities. Three helpful interactions were identified; being enabled to express self safely, being treated as an individual whole woman and accessing the therapist's inner self. In addition, two helpful actions were identified, being helped to empower self and being taught new coping skills. The key theme was being helped to put active self back together again, which was the consequence of the therapy process. Analysis identified two unhelpful conditions, not having easy to access therapy and the therapist's personal qualities being cold and harsh. Two unhelpful interactions were also identified, being unable to express self safely and not being treated as an individual. One unhelpful action was identified, the therapy being too short. The consequence, when therapy was not set up in the right way, was that the women were re-traumatised and remained shattered. Whilst sample size was small, nevertheless the aim of generating rich in-depth data was fulfilled. The findings have theoretical implications: Treating women as whole individuals, helping the women learn individual coping skills from a pluralistic perspective and helping to empower women can be as important as the medical care. The methodological implications are experiencing a therapeutic effect of research participation, valuing the women as active co-researchers, ethically considering participant benefits alongside risks and using GTA from a social constructionist philosophy helped to understand individual experience and at the same time that breast cancer is socially constructed. The practical implications are: Referral pathways to identify women who need psychological support, a safe therapeutic space to express real fears, normalising experience post breast cancer diagnosis and putting in place a flexible therapy contract are all vital to support women with primary breast cancer.

Thesis (Ph.D.(Criminology)) -- University of Limpopo, 2022 / House robbery and subsequent rape are under-researched crimes collectively and often treated differently in the field of social sciences. The relation between these two crimes needs to be addressed urgently. Therefore, this study aimed to explore motivational factors for committing house robbery and subsequent rape. This study adopted a qualitative research approach, guided by the Grounded Theory (GT), as a research design. The theoretical sampling was adopted for DCS clinical psychologists, social workers and incarcerated offenders in the Two (02) selected Correctional Centres in Gauteng and Limpopo Provinces of South Africa, all subjected to semi-structured face-to-face interviews. Moreover, the GT methods of data analysis, aided by the MAXQDA software were used, including open coding (Breaking of textual data into discrete parts), axial coding (Drawing of connections between codes), and selective coding (Selection of one central category that connects all the codes from the analysis and captures the essence of this study). The researcher generated codes from the verbatim expressions of the participants. The codes were categorised into open, axial and selective coding using the MAXQDA software. The codes in selective coding (Categories) were explained and supported by the reviewed literature studies on this subject. The findings of this study revealed that in most instances house robbery results in rape. The notable contributing factors to this phenomenon have been proven to be an opportunity, unstable family background, substance use, aggression, dominance, vulnerability and mob mentality. For the contribution to the body of knowledge; a conceptual model, consisting of Five (05) components, namely: 1) Socialisation, 2) Sexual violence curriculum, 3) Liquor regulations, 4) Ammunition registrations; and 5) Target hardening asformulated to effectively respond to the mentioned crimes. This study recommends that positive socialisation from an early age of male children is reported crucial for the development of pro-social factors; this can possibly curb these crimes. It is also forwarded that curriculum development should infuse sexual violence from basic-to-tertiary education. Equally, there is a dire need for the regulation of South African liquor available laws and policies with regard to the supply and sale of liquor as shared by most participants (Especially, the incarcerated v offenders) who positively highlighted alcohol intoxication during the commission of these crimes. Furthermore, registrations of ammunition and the creation of a database are highly sought, firearm accessibility should also be revisited to redress the past injustices as cited as one of the contributory factors to irregular availability of firearms and other related weapons. The opportunistic circumstances relating to the commission of these crimes should be relooked, by closely focusing on upgrading security measures for the community, Criminal Justice System (CJS), public and private Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs), including technological advancement and improvements, as well as the induction of intelligence-led operations, and closer collaboration, interaction and information exchange, among others. / National Institute for the Humanities and Social Sciences (NIHSS) and African Humanities Deans Association (SAHUDA).

Stress-related diseases and burnout have increased in Sweden during the last decades. In 2006, the most common diagnoses for new cases of sickness compensation were mental and behavioural disorders in both women and men. In spite of the large group of people seeking care for and on long-term sickness absence due to stress-related diseases and burnout, there is no agreement on which treatment they should be offered. The overall aim of this thesis was to describe patients on longterm sick leave because of burnout and to evaluate rehabilitation programs for this patient group. Two patient samples were recruited from the Stress Clinic at the University Hospital in Umeå, Sweden: REST (Rehabilitation for stressrelated disease and burnout; n=136) and QIST (Qigong for stress-related disease and burnout; n=82). A general population sample was from the 2004 Northern Sweden MONICA survey (n=573). Patients in REST were randomised into a 1-year rehabilitation program to either program A (Cognitively-oriented Behavioural Rehabilitation (CBR) and Qigong), or to program B (Qigong alone). In Paper I, baseline data were compared with data from the MONICA sample. In paper II, programs A and B were compared regarding effects on psychological variables and sick leave rates, and in Paper III, 18 patients from program A and B were interviewed to explore subjective experiences of the rehabilitation programs. Patients in QIST were allocated to an intervention with Qigong twice a week for 12 weeks or a control group. Psychological and physical measurements were assessed in QIST. Data were collected by questionnaires, physical measurements, the register on sick leave, and interviews. Patients with burnout reported a more restricted social network and higher work demands than the general population. In relation to women from a general population, women with burnout more often worked “with people”, reported high job strain, a more sedentary work situation and less emotional support. A per-protocol analysis showed no significant differences in treatment effect between program A and B in REST or between the intervention and control group in QIST. All groups improved significantly over time with reduced levels of burnout, anxiety, depression, and fatigue. In REST, lower scores on obsessive-compulsive symptoms, stress behaviour, and sick leave rates were found in both programs and in QIST both groups increased dynamic balance and physical capacity. In an intention-to-treat analysis, patients in program A in REST had significantly fewer obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and larger effect sizes in stress behaviour and obsessive-compulsive symptoms compared to patients in program B. Patients in both REST programs perceived that the 1-year rehabilitation program gave them specific tools to use in secondary prevention. They also emphasised that the good encounters, affirmation and group cohesiveness they perceived during the 8 rehabilitation was a necessary basis for initiation of a behavioural change leading to recovery. In conclusion, compared to a general population, patients with burnout perceived more demands at work and less social support. Lack of emotional support seemed to be more associated with burnout among women. There were no differences in effect between CBR and Qigong compared to Qigong alone, or between a 12 week Qigong intervention compared to a control condition. Improvements were found in all groups in the rehabilitation programs. CBR combined with Qigong have some advantages compared to Qigong alone. An environment with good encounters and affirmation of the patients was experiences as important by the patients and group rehabilitation had advantages as recognition and support from the group. Early rehabilitation measures are important to prevent long-term sickness absence. In future rehabilitation programs it might be necessary to have a more individualized approach and choose treatments preferred by the patient.

No description available.

This thesis explored the fathering practices of precariously employed African men with the study objectives including understanding: (1) how precariously employed men construct fatherhood; (2) the fathering practices considered important to them; (3) in what way precarious employment impacts on their fathering practices; and (4) how precariously employed men negotiate between their children’s economic as well as socio-emotional needs. This research focused particularly on the experiences of roadside work-seekers in Parow, Cape Town, seeking to understand how they construct fatherhood within their precarious working conditions. What these men think about fatherhood is important particularly in South Africa where not only unemployment is high, but also the rates of children growing up without their fathers. An ethnographic study was conducted during which data was collected using both participant observation and semi-structured interview methods. This thesis reports on interviews conducted with 46 men over a period of seventeen weeks. The findings reveal that the majority of roadside work-seekers are migrants (both internal and cross border) who have families to provide for. This study also revealed having children as one of the main reasons men engage in precarious work activities. Also highlighted is the extent to which precarious work impact the lives of those involved to the extent that it affects their relationships with their children, families and intimate partners. The majority of day labourers, due to being unemployed also do not live with their children, with many being denied access as a result of a breakdown in their relationship with the mother of the child, but also as a result of being unable to fulfil certain traditional requirements expected of men who impregnate women out of wedlock in some African cultures. Finally, this study confirmed the various ways in which men engaged in precarious employment are exposed to high levels of poverty, homelessness, substance abuse, violence and crime, and racism, discrimination and exploitation. / Psychology / D. Phil. (Psychology)

This thesis explored the fathering practices of precariously employed African men with the study objectives including understanding: (1) how precariously employed men construct fatherhood; (2) the fathering practices considered important to them; (3) in what way precarious employment impacts on their fathering practices; and (4) how precariously employed men negotiate between their children’s economic as well as socio-emotional needs. This research focused particularly on the experiences of roadside work-seekers in Parow, Cape Town, seeking to understand how they construct fatherhood within their precarious working conditions. What these men think about fatherhood is important particularly in South Africa where not only unemployment is high, but also the rates of children growing up without their fathers. An ethnographic study was conducted during which data was collected using both participant observation and semi-structured interview methods. This thesis reports on interviews conducted with 46 men over a period of seventeen weeks. The findings reveal that the majority of roadside work-seekers are migrants (both internal and cross border) who have families to provide for. This study also revealed having children as one of the main reasons men engage in precarious work activities. Also highlighted is the extent to which precarious work impact the lives of those involved to the extent that it affects their relationships with their children, families and intimate partners. The majority of day labourers, due to being unemployed also do not live with their children, with many being denied access as a result of a breakdown in their relationship with the mother of the child, but also as a result of being unable to fulfil certain traditional requirements expected of men who impregnate women out of wedlock in some African cultures. Finally, this study confirmed the various ways in which men engaged in precarious employment are exposed to high levels of poverty, homelessness, substance abuse, violence and crime, and racism, discrimination and exploitation. / Psychology / D. Phil. (Psychology)