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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Estudo comparativo da qualidade de vida de pacientes submetidos ?? artroplastia total do quadril por artrose, com indiv??duos assintom??ticos da mesma faixa et??ria

Sant'Ana, Flavio Robert 31 August 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Carla Santos (biblioteca.cp2.carla@bahiana.edu.br) on 2018-11-20T13:41:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Fl??vio Robert Sant'Ana (2).pdf: 12027234 bytes, checksum: 19789d83066b88ff5f9ea485fe1a31e5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by JOELMA MAIA (ebmsp-bibliotecacp2@bahiana.edu.br) on 2018-11-20T18:40:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Fl??vio Robert Sant'Ana (2).pdf: 12027234 bytes, checksum: 19789d83066b88ff5f9ea485fe1a31e5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-20T18:40:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fl??vio Robert Sant'Ana (2).pdf: 12027234 bytes, checksum: 19789d83066b88ff5f9ea485fe1a31e5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-31 / verificar se pacientes submetidos ?? ATQ apresentam escores de Qualidade de Vida Relacionada ?? Sa??de (QVRS) compar??veis a indiv??duos assintom??ticos, bem como verificar se aspectos funcionais est??o associados aos resultados dos escores de QVRS em indiv??duos submetido a ATQ. MATERIAS E M??TODOS: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo e anal??tico. Os pacientes selecionados foram divididos em dois grupos: o grupo ATQ e o grupo de indiv??duos assintom??ticos, composto por sujeitos sem queixas de problemas, da mesma faixa et??ria. O estudo constou de aplica????o de formul??rio padronizado para coleta de vari??veis sociodemogr??ficas, avalia????o da QVRS pelo SF-36 e de fun????o do quadril atrav??s do Harris Hip Score (HHS). RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 52 indiv??duos assintom??ticos e 51 pacientes submetidos a ATQ. Os escores de QVRS foram significativamente menores no grupo ATQ em todos os dom??nios do SF-36, particularmente nos dom??nios Capacidade Funcional, Aspectos F??sicos e Dor. Quando realizada a compara????o dos escores de QVRS de acordo com os resultados do HHS, nota-se que pacientes com HHS considerados bom ou excelente apresentaram menores pontua????es do SF-36 nos dom??nios Aspectos F??sicos, Estado Geral de Sa??de, Vitalidade e Aspectos Sociais, quando comparados com o grupo assintom??tico; os escores dos dom??nios Capacidade Funcional, Dor, Aspectos Funcionais e Sa??de Mental n??o foram significativamente diferentes nesta an??lise. Na an??lise multivari??vel a matriz de correla????es demonstrou que tanto o tempo de diagn??stico at?? a cirurgia como a intensidade da dor foram os fatores que mais fortemente impactaram na avalia????o da QVRS ap??s ATQ. CONCLUS??O: Pacientes submetidos a ATQ apresenta escores de qualidade de vida medidos pelo SF-36 inferiores a pares assintom??ticos, especialmente nos dom??nios Capacidade Funcional, Aspectos F??sicos e Dor. A obten????o de altos escores funcionais ap??s ATQ medidos pelo HHS contribui para melhores pontua????es na QVRS. Houve tamb??m influ??ncia negativa indireta da demora em instituir tratamento cir??rgico e da intensidade da dor tendo em vista que estes dois fatores estiveram associados a piores resultados funcionais.
2

Études des différences sexuelles dans les systèmes cérébraux régulateurs de la réponse de stress et des émotions chez le rat

Duchesne, Annie January 2007 (has links)
Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.
3

Impact of Interest Rate Increase on Stockholm’s Households / Räntehöjnings påverkan på Stockholms hushåll

Laab, William, Pataky, Adam January 2019 (has links)
The housing prices have increased in a rapid pace in Stockholm the past decades. Simultaneously, the interest rates have decreased drastically, since the global financial crisis in 2008. The two movements combined have led to higher debt among Swedish households and especially in the capital, Stockholm. This article presents a quantitative research investigating which types of households, based on their social economic profile, will be mostly affected by an increased mortgage rate. The DSR is calculated for each HH, taking in account the amortization regulations introduced in 2016 and 2018. By doing a regression analysis using the DSR as the dependent variable and the socioeconomic factors as independent variables, we find that income and age are the variables with highest significance describing the DSR. Additionally, we investigate the socioeconomic profile of those households that have the highest DSR increment, based on specific cluster made by Insightone. The findings of the paper suggest that four out of 44 types of families have exceptionally higher exposure to the two different mortgage-rate increase scenarios. Three of these four family clusters are young, have children, high income and lives in houses. The remaining family cluster is young, have no children, has low income but is highly educated. / Bostadspriserna har ökat snabbt de senaste åren i Stockholm. Samtidigt har räntan sjunkit jämfört med de nivåerna som var under finanskrisen 2008. Dessa två faktorer kombinerade med varandra har lett till högra bolån bland det svenska folket och främst för de som bor i Stockholm. Denna artikel är en kvantitativ studie som undersöker vilka typer av hushåll baserad på deras socioekonomiska profil som påverkas mest av en ökad bolåneränta. Först räknade vi ut skuldsättningsgrad för varje hushåll. I dessa beräkningar tog vi hänsyn till de nya amorteringskraven som har införts från 206 och framåt. Därefter gjorde vi en regressionsanalys där vårt resultat blev att inkomst, ålder och amortering är de faktorer som påverkar skuldsättningsgrad mest. Senare undersöker vi hur den typiska familjen ser ut där resultatet blev att unga, utan barn, låg inkomst och högutbildade är de som påverkas mest av en ökad bolåneränta.
4

Attosecond High-Harmonic Spectroscopy of Atoms and Molecules Using Mid-Infrared Sources

Schoun, Stephen Bradley 02 September 2015 (has links)
No description available.
5

Fibroblast growth factor-23 and Klotho in bone/mineral and parathyroid disorders

Krajisnik, Tijana January 2009 (has links)
Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) is a novel, bone-produced hormone that regulates renal phosphate (Pi) reabsorption and calcitriol metabolism. Disorders of mineral and bone metabolism, such as autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (ADHR) and hyperostosis-hyperphosphatemia syndrome (HHS), witness the importance of well-balanced serum levels of FGF23. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are highly morbid due to Pi retention/hyperphosphatemia and calcitriol deficiency, which lead to elevated serum levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and secondary hyperparathyroidism (sHPT). As a response to hyperphosphatemia, CKD patients have also remarkably high serum FGF23 levels, which are associated with cardiovascular risk factors and increased mortality in CKD. The overall aim of this dissertation was to discern a possible role of FGF23 in parathyroid biology. Our in vitro experiments on isolated bovine parathyroid cells demonstrate that FGF23 directly and dose-dependently suppresses the PTH production and secretion, while increasing the expression of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-activating enzyme 1α-hydroxylase. We investigated possible expressional changes in the FGF23 receptor co-factor Klotho in hyperparathyroid disorders and found that Klotho expression is decreased or absent and inversely correlated to serum calcium (Ca) in adenomas of primary HPT (pHPT). In the hyperplastic parathyroid glands of sHPT, Klotho expression declines in parallel with the kidney function and correlates with the glomerular filtration rate. Moreover, Klotho expression is suppressed by Ca and FGF23, increased by calcitriol, but unaffected by Pi and PTH in vitro. Finally, we identified a novel missense mutation in the gene encoding GALNT3, which is normally involved in the post-translational glycosylation of FGF23, as the cause of aberrant FGF23 processing in a patient with HHS. In summary, we provide evidence for a novel bone/parathyroid axis in which FGF23 functions as a direct, negative regulator of the PTH production. High extracellular Ca is a major determinant of the Klotho expression in pHPT, whereas the Klotho levels in sHPT may be attributed to a combination of the high FGF23 and Ca, and low calcitriol levels associated with CKD. Hence, the decreased Klotho expression in sHPT could explain the concomitantly high FGF23 and PTH levels, as well as the failure of FGF23 to prevent or mitigate the development of sHPT in CKD.
6

Sex-specific differences in hippocampal development : impact on stress and epileptogenesis

Wolf, Daniele 01 1900 (has links)
Les différences sexuelles ne se limitent pas uniquement aux organes de reproduction, elles sont aussi très marquées dans plusieurs pathologies humaines. De ce fait, les études impliquant un seul sexe ne pourraient jamais permettre d’élucider les mécanismes qui sous-tendent ces pathologies. De plus, l’exclusion des femelles/filles/femmes des protocoles de recherche a des impacts négatifs sur la qualité de vie des patients, plus spécifiquement celle des filles et femmes. Des études récentes ont suggéré que la testostérone et ses métabolites affectent le développement de l’hippocampe aux niveaux biochimique, morphologique et fonctionnel. En revanche, les données ne sont pas aussi extensives que celles de leurs rôles chez les adultes. Ainsi, une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes par lesquels l’hormone stéroïdienne influence le développement du cerveau facilitera l’identification des cibles thérapeutiques de plusieurs maladies neurodéveloppementales qui affectent le fonctionnement de l’hippocampe. Afin de se développer adéquatement, le cerveau mâle requiert une exposition aux hormones sexuelles mâles pendant une période de temps donnée. En revanche, le cerveau femelle possède une phase critique peu après la naissance au cours de laquelle une exposition aux hormones sexuelles mâles le masculinise en produisant des caractéristiques comparables à celles rencontrées chez des mâles biologiques. Ainsi, la capacité de manipuler les cerveaux femelles dans le but de les masculiniser représente un outil expérimental important pour investiguer les différences sexuelles. Du fait que les hormones sexuelles telles que la testostérone et l’estradiol représentent respectivement l’élément caractéristique de chacun des sexes, cette thèse a pour objectif de disséquer l’implication de la testostérone dans le développement et le fonctionnement du cerveau en étudiant en plus des rats mâles et femelles, des femelles traitées avec la testostérone ainsi que des mâles rendus insensibles à la testostérone. En premier lieu, nous avons investigué sur un système de neurotransmission spécifique, à savoir le système GABAergique, qui est important pour le contrôle des convulsions communément observées dans l’épilepsie. Ce système possède des particularités notables en fonction du sexe, particularités qui pourraient être l’une des causes de la prédisposition des mâles à l’épilepsie. En effet, notre étude révèle qu’au niveau basal, les femelles ainsi que les mâles insensibles à la testostérone montrent très tôt au cours de leur développement une localisation à la membrane du co-transporteur KCC2 qui régule la force de la neurotransmission inhibitrice. Par ailleurs, nous avons aussi détecté des niveaux élevés du neurotrophine BDNF qui est un puissant modulateur du fonctionnement des cellules GABAergiques, ceci, au cours de la première semaine postnatale. Par ailleurs, chez les adultes, nous avons trouvé que les femelles ainsi que les mâles insensibles à la testostérone montrent une augmentation de la transmission GABergique spontanée comparativement aux mâles et aux femelles qui ont été exposées à la testostérone. En somme, ces données démontrent que le fonctionnement de la circuiterie GABAergique est modulé par le niveau de testostérone périnatal, ce qui suggère d’un rôle des hormones sexuelles dans la régulation de l’excitabilité cellulaire. De plus, les différences sexuelles dans le cerveau sont largement déterminées par des facteurs extrinsèques. Parmi ces derniers, le stress du début de la vie est un facteur extrinsèque puissant qui altère l’habileté à contrôler la rétroaction négative des glucocorticoïdes sur l’axe hypothalamo-hypophyso-surrénalien (HHS). Le stress est également connu pour affecter différentiellement les rats mâles comparativement aux femelles. Nous démontrons alors que la corticostérone rend l’hippocampe vulnérable à une seconde insulte, telle que les épilepsies induites par l’hyperthermie. En effet, chez les rats traités à la corticostérone, la latence d’induction des épilepsies par hyperthermie est réduite, le temps de récupération plus long et le nombre d’évènements épileptiques plus nombreux. En outre, nous avons trouvé que tous ces effets sont plus proéminents chez les mâles que chez les femelles. Ces données confirment l’existence d’un lien entre le stress du début de la vie et la susceptibilité aux convulsions hyperthermiques chez les rats mâles et femelles. Une meilleure compréhension des conséquences des convulsions fébriles pourrait aider dans le pronostic et le traitement des patients souffrant d’épilepsie. Somme toute, cette thèse met en lumière le rôle complexe des hormones sexuelles dans la régulation des circuits GABAergiques, des réponses au stress et de l’hyperexcitabilité du cerveau en développement. Une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes pathologiques propres aux modèles animaux mâles et femelles résulterait en de meilleures interventions et thérapies aussi bien chez les hommes que les chez les femmes. / Sex differences extend far beyond reproductive health — there is a widespread prevalence of sex differences in many human diseases and conditions. Therefore, studies limited to a single-sex cannot fully give a comprehensive picture of the underlying disease mechanisms, and the neglect of females/girls/women in biological research negatively impacts patients' quality of life, especially women. Recent data suggest that testosterone and its metabolites affect the hippocampus during development at the biochemical, morphological, and functional levels, although the data are not nearly as extensive as what is known in adults. Therefore, a better understanding of these effects will elucidate steroid hormone-dependent mechanisms of brain development and, possibly, help identifying ways to mitigate the burden of the many neurodevelopmental disorders that involve hippocampal function. The male brain is unique in that it must be exposed to male sex hormones for a fixed period of time, which is so-called critical period. This is deemed a critical period because if androgens levels do not rise at this time in males, the brain will fail to be masculinized. The female brain, on the other hand, has a sensitive period shortly after birth, during which exposure to male sex hormones may masculinize the brain and produce features comparable to those seen in biological males. This capacity to manipulate females toward more masculinized brains represent an important experimental tool to investigate sex differences. Because sexual hormones, such as testosterone and estradiol, are a distinct point of divergence between sexes, my thesis proposes to study the implication of testosterone by using, in addition to male and female animals, females treated with testosterone as well as testosterone-insensitive male rats. First, we investigated a specific neurotransmitter system, the GABAergic system, which contributes to the control of seizures commonly observed in epilepsies. This system shows robust differences between males and females, which may be involved with the predisposition to epilepsy observed in males. Our study revealed that at baseline conditions female and testosterone-insensitive male rats show an earlier localization at the membrane of the chloride co-transporter KCC2, which regulates the strengths of inhibitory neurotransmission, and higher levels of the neurotrophin BDNF, which is a powerful modulator of GABAergic cell function, during the first postnatal week. In addition, we found that female and testosterone-insensitive male rats show enhanced spontaneous GABA synaptic transmission when compared to males and testosterone-exposed females in adults. Overall, these data show that perinatal testosterone levels modulate GABAergic circuit function, suggesting a role of sex hormones in regulating cell excitability. Second, sex differences in the brain are largely determined by extrinsic factors. Early-life stress is one such powerful extrinsic factor that impairs the ability to control glucocorticoid negative feedback on the HPA axis. Stress is also known to differentially affect male and female rats. Here, we show that corticosterone alone renders the hippocampus vulnerable to a second insult, namely hyperthermia-induced seizures, in fact in corticosterone-treated rats the latency to hyperthermia-induced seizures was shorter, the recovery time longer, and a larger number of hyperthermia-induced seizures. Further, these effects were a lot more prominent in males than in females. These findings support a link between early-life stress and hyperthermic seizure susceptibility in both male and female rats. A better understanding of the consequences of febrile seizures could help improve the prognosis and treatment of patients with epilepsy. Altogether, these findings shed light on the complex roles of sex hormones in regulating GABAergic circuits, stress responses and circuit hyper-excitability in the developing brain. A better understanding of disease-mechanisms underlying male and female animal models could lead to better interventions and therapeutics in both men and women.

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