<p>Syftet med denna uppsats är att genom födelseböcker samt folklivsuppteckningar undersöka hur både gifta och ogifta kvinnors liv tedde sig efter förlossningar, i stad och på landsbygd under 1800-talet.</p><p>        Det som undersöks är hur många utomäktenskapliga barn som föddes i Örkelljunga och Vittsjö under perioderna 1855-1860 och 1865-1870 samt om antalet utomäktenskapliga barn ökade efter lagändringen 1864, då det inte längre var straffbart att föda barn utom äktenskapet. Dessutom undersöks hur allmänheten uppfattade kyrkotagningen för både ogifta och gifta mödrar i Örkelljunga, Vittsjö, Helsingborg samt Malmö. Jag har valt att arbeta utifrån hypotesen att kyrkotagningen var mindre viktig eller utdöd i städerna men mer levande på landsbygden.</p><p>        Källmaterialet har bestått av material från Lunds universitets kyrkohistoriska arkiv (LUKA), samt födelseböcker. Metoden jag har använt mig av har först och främst gått ut på att räkna igenom födelseböckerna för att få reda på den totala summan födda barn samt hur många av dessa som klassificerades som oäkta. Denna undersökning visade bland annat att kyrkan noggrant bokfört vilka som fötts oäkta. Vidare har jag analyserat sagesmännens utsagor angående kyrkotagningssedens innebörd i LUKA-arkivet. Resultatet av undersökningen bekräftade bland annat min hypotes rörande kyrkotagningen.</p>

Syftet med denna uppsats är att genom födelseböcker samt folklivsuppteckningar undersöka hur både gifta och ogifta kvinnors liv tedde sig efter förlossningar, i stad och på landsbygd under 1800-talet.         Det som undersöks är hur många utomäktenskapliga barn som föddes i Örkelljunga och Vittsjö under perioderna 1855-1860 och 1865-1870 samt om antalet utomäktenskapliga barn ökade efter lagändringen 1864, då det inte längre var straffbart att föda barn utom äktenskapet. Dessutom undersöks hur allmänheten uppfattade kyrkotagningen för både ogifta och gifta mödrar i Örkelljunga, Vittsjö, Helsingborg samt Malmö. Jag har valt att arbeta utifrån hypotesen att kyrkotagningen var mindre viktig eller utdöd i städerna men mer levande på landsbygden.         Källmaterialet har bestått av material från Lunds universitets kyrkohistoriska arkiv (LUKA), samt födelseböcker. Metoden jag har använt mig av har först och främst gått ut på att räkna igenom födelseböckerna för att få reda på den totala summan födda barn samt hur många av dessa som klassificerades som oäkta. Denna undersökning visade bland annat att kyrkan noggrant bokfört vilka som fötts oäkta. Vidare har jag analyserat sagesmännens utsagor angående kyrkotagningssedens innebörd i LUKA-arkivet. Resultatet av undersökningen bekräftade bland annat min hypotes rörande kyrkotagningen.

Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-29T14:13:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_RODOLFO_SOARES_MANFREDINI_COMPLETO.pdf: 1405675 bytes, checksum: 470c2d4652d769a43dc22d8f2be4e254 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-29T14:13:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_RODOLFO_SOARES_MANFREDINI_COMPLETO.pdf: 1405675 bytes, checksum: 470c2d4652d769a43dc22d8f2be4e254 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-13 / The present work presents an analysis of the perceived changes in the political area, due to the advent of new technologies. The electoral campaign of Jos? Ivo Sartori for the government of Rio Grande do Sul in 2014 was chosen for the study, as he successfully exploited the use of the Internet and its technological developments. Thus, a little known candidate of the majority of the population, managed to win the elections becoming governor of the state. Three points will be analyzed, since innovative strategies have been considered: the hashtag: # Sartor?oDaMassa; Sartori's request to voters, made during Free Election Time (FET), to record videos with open arms, simulating a hug the size of Rio Grande; and the testimony of Sartori's mother, also broadcast on FET. / O presente trabalho apresenta uma an?lise das mudan?as percebidas, na ?rea pol?tica, decorrentes do advento das novas tecnologias. A campanha eleitoral de Jos? Ivo Sartori para o governo do Rio Grande do Sul em 2014 foi escolhida para o estudo, pois soube explorar com sucesso o uso da internet e suas evolu??es tecnol?gicas. Assim, um candidato pouco conhecido da maioria da popula??o, conseguiu ganhar as elei??es tornando-se governador do estado. Tr?s pontos ser?o analisados, por terem sido consideradas estrat?gias inovadoras: a hashtag: # Sartor?oDaMassa; o pedido de Sartori aos eleitores, feito durante o Hor?rio Eleitoral Gratuito (HEG), para que gravassem v?deos com bra?os abertos, simulando um abra?o do tamanho do Rio Grande; e o depoimento da m?e de Sartori, tamb?m transmitido no HEG.

No description available.

No description available.

The aim of this thesis is to determine the level of manganese content and its seasonal dynamics in selected herbs and trees species and invertebrates in the period 2011--2013. Trial sites were located in the highly manganese contaminated ecosystem in Krušné hory mountains. The flora and fauna samples were being collected on a monthly basis. The level of manganese was determined by the AAS method. The highest level of manganese was found in the blackberry bush (Rubus caesius L.) and the raspberry bush (Rubus idaeus L.). The larch (Larix decidua Mill.) and the mountain ash (Sorbus aucuparia L.) were the most contaminated tree species. Majority of plants accumulates manganese during the vegetative period. The invertebrates showed lower level of manganese content than plants. The highest level was found in millipedes (Diplopoda) and isopods (Oniscoidea). Despite the really high concentration of manganese in the enviroment, none of the plants and invertebrates showed symptoms of toxicosis.

The first part of this paper examines the fundamental principles of landscape photography starting with the formation of landscape as a concept and a painting genre, up to landscape photography and its various identities as an art medium, a document, an imperialistic weapon, a tool of identification. The beginning of landscape photography is presented with special focus on mountain photography. The theme moves American West where the first National Park was born, an institution that can be both praised for bringing people closer to nature, and blamed for keeping people away from direct natural experience.

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / A risk can be described as a situation that can negatively affect the development of an activity and the people involved that. In this sense, risk management is used to achieve a reduction or elimination of risk. The objective of the investigation was to determine factors that caused the low value of crop yield in a Peruvian banana supply chain. The research applied House of Risk (HOR) model to determine risk event and associated causes. As a result, strategies were proposed to mitigate the occurrence of risks in the company.

This thesis examines the problem of mountain and water cults in traditional Vietnam, e.g. in the period from 11th to mid 19th century, as seen through primary sources. First the relationship between the state and the supernatural is examined. Then the water and mountain deitties, their cults, and practical aspects of worship are characterized in the general context of Vietnamese religious beliefs. Follows a more detailed study of some of the most important mountain and water cults.

Submitted by PPG Economia do desenvolvimento (economia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-01-03T16:46:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RENAN_XAVIER_CORTES_TES.pdf: 20384412 bytes, checksum: f40a7494708d28f04370760395930efc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lopes (tatiana.lopes@pucrs.br) on 2018-01-04T15:31:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RENAN_XAVIER_CORTES_TES.pdf: 20384412 bytes, checksum: f40a7494708d28f04370760395930efc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-04T15:41:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RENAN_XAVIER_CORTES_TES.pdf: 20384412 bytes, checksum: f40a7494708d28f04370760395930efc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-18 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This thesis approaches the theme of crime in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) through four essays. The first one is devoted to an in-depth discussion of crimes in the municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul, emphasizing the problems related to the raw rates estimations, especially in small municipalities. This article, in addition to making an extensive descriptive analysis of municipal crime in RS, seeks to overcome the problems of estimation by using the Bayesian Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) approach to create aggregate crime rates. Using the law penalties for each crime type, we also created disaggregated indexes against economic patrimony and against life and the approach used was efficient in reducing the variability of municipalities with high volatility. The second article assess the effect of luminosity on RS crimes, estimating the effect of the Daylight Savnig Time (DST). Several discontinuous regressions, both at the beggining of DST and at the end, were estimated. Possible effects were controlled, as weekday and climatological variables, and the results indicate that, mostly, there is no significant effect of DST on RS crimes. These results were robust to different model specifications. The third refers to a new tool for interactive data visualization of criminal occurrences in RS, CrimeVis. This visualization platform is constructed using Shiny technology and the R language with several types of visualizations. This article discusses the importance of data visualization, exemplifies the construction of CrimeVis through codes and shows how it is a powerful device for understanding the criminal dynamics of RS. The fourth, and last, essay seeks to study the temporality and space-temporality of crimes in RS through Markov Chains. This article estimates the transition probabilities and odds ratios of municipalities between absence/presence of crime of an initial period in relation to a presence/absence of a final period. In addition, the spatial neighborhood joint effect of the initial period is also measured. Evidence has shown that there is a displacement of cars robbery to the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre and a strong neighborhood effect in the most recent transition from 2015-2016, a temporal stability in homicides (with space-time neighborhood effects) and narcotics tracking with denned regions of occurrence between the north and the south of the state and a highlighted structural break in the crimes related to the arms and ammunition between the year of 2003 and 2004. / Esta tese aborda o tema da criminalidade no Rio Grande do Sul (RS) atrav?s de quatro ensaios. O primeiro se dedica a fazer uma discuss?o aprofundada dos crimes nos munic?pios ga?chos, enfatizando os problemas relacionados a estima??es de taxas brutas, principalmente em munic?pios pequenos. Este artigo, al em de fazer uma extensa an?lise descritiva da criminalidade municipal no RS, busca contornar os problemas de estima??o fazendo uso da abordagem bayesiana Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) a m de criar ?ndices agregados de criminalidade. Utilizando as penas previstas em leis, criou-se tamb?m ?ndices desagregados contra o patrim?nio e contra a vida e a abordagem utilizada se mostrou e ciente na redu??o de variabilidade de munic?pios com alta vari?ncia. O segundo artigo avalia o efeito da luminosidade na criminalidade ga?cha estimando o efeito do hor?rio de ver?o (HV). Diversas regress?es em descontinuidade, tanto no per?odo de in?cio do HV, quanto no final, foram estimadas. Poss?veis efeitos foram controlados, como o dia da semana e vari?veis climatol?gicas, e os resultados apontam que, majoritariamente, n?o existe efeito significativo do HV na criminalidade do RS. Estes resultados se mostraram robustos a diferentes especia??es dos modelos. O terceiro se refere a uma nova ferramenta de visualiza??o de dados interativa das ocorr?ncias criminais no RS, o CrimeVis. Esta plataforma de visualiza??o e constru?da usando a tecnologia Shiny e a linguagem R com diversos tipos de visualiza??es. Este artigo discute a import?ncia da visualiza??o de dados, exemplica a constru??o do CrimeVis atrav?s de c?digos e mostra como que ele se configura um dispositivo poderoso para compreens?o da din?mica criminal ga?cha. O quarto, e ?ltimo, ensaio busca estudar a temporalidade e a espa?o-temporalidade dos crimes no RS atrav?s de Cadeias de Markov. Este artigo estima as probabilidades de transi??o e raz?es de chance dos munic?pios ga?chos entre os estados de aus?ncia/presen?a de crime de um per odo inicial em rela??o a presen?a/aus?ncia de um per?odo final. Ademais, o efeito conjunto espacial de vizinhan?a no per?odo inicial tamb?m e medido. As evid?ncias mostraram que existe um deslocamento de roubo de ve?culos para a regi?o metropolitana de Porto Alegre e um forte efeito de vizinhan?a na transi??o mais recente 2015-2016, uma estabilidade temporal em homic?dios (com efeito espa?o-temporal de vizinhan?a) e tra?o de entorpecentes com regi?es de ocorr?ncia definidas entre o norte e o sul do estado e uma quebra estrutural acentuada nos delitos relacionados a armas e muni??es entre o ano de 2003 e 2004.