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Reliability of a one-mile Rockport Fitness Walking TestLaurie, Nicolette E. 25 August 1997 (has links)
A modified version of the Rockport Fitness Walking Test (RFWT)
has been determined to be reliable for persons with mental retardation.
Previous investigations have used one pacer for each participant. While
this protocol may be reliable, it is not likely feasible in most school or
community-based settings. Therefore, the purpose of this study is
twofold: first to evaluate the reliability of a modified version of the RFWT
using one pacer per five participants; second, to determine the
agreement among the one to one protocol and the proposed five to one
protocol. This study compared the end completion times and mean peak
heart rates of three different one-mile walking sessions of 35 participants
with mild mental retardation. Eighteen females (21.1 �� 2.7 yr.) and 17
males (19.7 �� 2.8 yr.) participated in each testing session. Each
participant randomly completed two sessions of walking with one pacer
per five participants and one session of one pacer per participant on an
indoor surface 1/9th of a mile long. Results from ANOVA indicated end
completion times and mean peak heart rates did not differ based on
gender (p=0.798), sessions (p=0.053), and gender x sessions (p=0.855).
To determine agreement, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated for end completion times for the first five to one and the one to
one (R=0.83) and the second five to one and the one to one (R=0.85).
ICC's were calculated for mean peak heart rates for the first five to one
and the one to one (R=0.95) and for the second five to one and the one to
one (R=0.93). The results support that the five to one modified walking
protocol produces results similar to the results using the one to one
testing. / Graduation date: 1998
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The epidemiology of fractures among adults with severe mental retardation residing in a state developmental centerDowns, Steve B. 20 January 1997 (has links)
This retrospective study investigated the incidence, characteristics, and
risk factors of bone fracture among a group of 518 adults with severe mental
retardation between 25 and 75 years old. Data were collected from a large state
developmental center in the Western United States between April 1, 1991 and
March 31, 1996. Ninety-six of 271 males and 133 of 247 females experienced
291 fractures during the study period. Relative risk of fracture for all males was
.658 compared to 1.540 for females. Menopausal status did not significantly
influence the risk of fractures among females. Risk of fracture by self-feeding
ability ranged from 1.675 for individuals who were tube fed to .343 for those
requiring no assistance during meals. As a group, individuals with a body mass
index (BMI) less than 20 were at the greatest risk of fracture (RR=2.416). Males
with BMI values between 20-25 (RR=.560) and greater than 25 (RR=.373) had
a decreased risk of fracture. Ambulatory males and females had a significantly
decreased risk of fracture (RR=.356 and .559 respectively). Rib, femur,
vertebrae, and radial fractures accounted for nearly 60% of all fractures. The
etiology of the 41% of fractures was of unknown origin. Transfers by
developmental training personnel (10.3%), falls to the ground (15.8%), and
accidents (32.6%) were also frequently related to fracture cause. Logistic
regression analysis revealed the occurrence of any fracture was significantly
associated with ambulation, calcium intake, body weight, self-feeding ability, and
body mass index. / Graduation date: 1997
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Effects of seat and back rest inclination on wheelchair propulsion of individuals with spastic cerebral palsySkaggs, Steve O. 25 July 1995 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of back and seat rest inclination on the
kinematics of manual hand-rim wheelchair propulsion in subjects with spastic type cerebral palsy.
Subjects ranged in age from nine to twenty-one and were classified as USCPAA Class III or IV functional
ability. Subjects were required to propel a standardized wheelchair at six seat positions from combinations
of back rest angles of 0, 3 and -5 degrees from vertical and thigh angles of 0 and 5 degrees from horizontal.
Combinations of thigh/seat rest angles were 0/-5, 5/-5, 5/0, 5/3, 0/3, 0/0 constituting the six different
conditions. Subjects were filmed while wheeling in each seat position. Wheeling was performed at two
and three kilometers per hour on a low friction roller system. It was hypothesized that since individuals
with spastic type cerebral palsy have improved functional upper extremity performance as the body center
of mass is positioned over the ischial tuberocities and hip flexion angle is maintained at 90 degrees (0/0),
that similar results would be found in wheelchair propulsion. Based on the results of kinematic data
analyzed in this study there was no indication that the 0/0 seat position was superior for subjects with
cerebral palsy under the conditions of this study. Larger elbow flexion/extension range of motion (p = .06)
exhibited by the 5/3 and 5/0 seat orientations suggests that these positions provide a more effective
wheelchair propulsion orientation for subjects in this study. / Graduation date: 1996
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The effectiveness of a static and dynamic balance training program for children with cerebral palsySenisi, Michael 31 May 1994 (has links)
Balance is the ability to establish an equilibrium between the body and its
environment. Balance is a key component which is associated with a variety of movements
and postural control. Children with cerebral palsy (CP) have difficulties with movement
and postural control due to physical and neurological limitations. The purpose of this study
was to investigate the effectiveness of a static and dynamic balance training program on the
balance of boys and girls aged 7-11 years (N=4) who have mild to moderate cerebral palsy.
A single-subject multiple baseline design was used for this study. Subjects were assessed
on four valid field test measures (two static; two dynamic balances). Testing sessions were
videotaped to ensure accuracy and reliability of the test measures. The interobserver
agreement ranged from 80% to 87% on all four field tests.
Baseline was established when subjects established at least three consistent
measures, (within a 25% range on 3 of the 4 measures), or following the second week of
baseline collection, which ever occurred first. Subjects were tested three times daily with
mean scores plotted. Initially, two subjects were paired to begin the intervention period.
The remaining two subjects continued in baseline period for one week, with the treatment
intervention delayed.
During training, subjects received training with a 1:1 teacher-student ratio. Training consisted of 45 minute balance training sessions, 4 times per week for a total of 4 weeks. Each subject was tested daily on one field test daily. Lesson plans were developed to address one of the four subsystems of balance. Post data was collected on all four field tests at one week intervals for a total of 3.
Through visual analysis of the data, results indicate that some improvements occurred as a result of the implemented balance training program. Dynamic balance tests showed greater positive changes than the static balance tests. This may be due to the fact that since children like to use a variety of locomotor movements, and thus practice dynamic balance more than static balance. Anecdotal information from the parents seemed to support improvements in balance abilities. There is very little research that focuses on the balance of children with cerebral palsy. More studies are needed to further investigate balance training for persons with CP. / Graduation date: 1995
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Inegrations- och normaliseringsmål för personer med intellektuella funktionsnedsättningar : en studie av personalens upplevelser av daglig omsorgsverksamhet i PolenAkam, Barbara, Larsson, Svetlana January 2009 (has links)
Sammanfattning Syftet med vår uppsats är att med en komparativ ansats studera hur integrerings- och normaliseringsmål uppnås för personer med intellektuella funktionsnedsättningar inom den dagliga verksamheten i Polen. Vi vill även se hur personalen upplever att de uppnår dessa mål. Huvudmetoden för studien var kvalitativ intervju. I vår analys har vi valt att använda oss av KASAM-teorin som kan förklara hur personalen på den dagliga verksamheten upplever att integrerings- och normaliseringsmålen uppnås. Vi använder oss av begrepp som empowerment, normalisering och integration. Vad som framkommer är att personalen upplever att deras integrerings- och normaliseringsmål i verksamheten uppnås, men att det finns brister som gör att man inte når ända fram. För att uppnå målen behövs mera resurser och en annan syn på människor med intellektuella funktionsnedsättningar.
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The self-concept and perceived importance of athletic competition of winners and losers in special olympicsLuttrell, William Lynn 26 April 1991 (has links)
Special Olympics International, an organization
committed to providing sport opportunities for children
and adults with mental retardation, has been a major
advocate in promoting competitive experiences for the
mentally retarded. Few studies have focused on the
effects of participation in competitive athletics on
individuals who are mentally retarded. The purpose of
this study was to investigate the self-concept of
winners, non-winners, and losers after participation in
a Special Olympics competitive meet. The study also
examined the attitude of mentally retarded participants
toward competition and the perceived importance of
competing in the event.
The subjects for this investigation were
participants from the Texas Special Olympics State
Swimming Meet. The study included 95 males and 56
females. Comparisons were made among athletes placing
first, second, and last in races at the swim meet.
Following competition, subjects were administered a
sub-scale of the Piers Harris Self Concept Scale (PHSCS)
and asked questions relative to attitudes toward
competition. A followup interview was conducted eight
to twelve weeks following the swimming meet to
determine the importance of having competed in the
Special Olympics State Swimming Meet.
No significant differences in self-concept levels
existed among winners, non-winners, and losers
immediately following competition. While all three
groups expressed positive feelings toward participation
in Special Olympics, the last place finishers were
slightly more negative about swimming in the race when
interviewed immediately following their participation.
Also, immediately following the race, more second place
finishers preferred to swim when racing other people
than did winners and last place finishers.
In a followup interview eight to twelve weeks
after participation, no significant differences were
found among groups regarding their attitude toward
competing in the Special Olympics Swim Meet. Also, the
perceived importance of the Texas Special Olympics
State Swim Meet was not significantly different for
winners, non-winners, and losers, as measured by
responses to the followup interview. / Graduation date: 1991
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Competencies for adapted physical educators in ThailandSuphawibul, Mayuree 10 December 1991 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to identify competencies
which are perceived as important by Thai adapted physical
educators, to determine the differences that exist in the
way physical education professors and adapted physical
educators judge the level of each competency, and to
recommend a set of competencies for adapted physical
educators in Thailand.
The questionnaire, Competencies for an Adapted Physical
Educator in Thailand containing 59 competencies based on 6-
point Likert type scales, was used in this study. The fifty-nine
competencies were translated from the Competencies for
an Adapted Physical Education Specialist, modified by
Dempsey (1986) from the 1981 AAHPERD Guidelines for Adapted
Physical Education. The meaning equivalence of the
competencies was validated by using the Delphi method along
with the back translation technique. The computed
reliability coefficients of the questionnaire, using the
Hoyt-Stunkard's technique was .9577.
The study's population consisted of 31 College and
university professors who have taught adapted physical
education courses to college/university students and 40
adapted physical educators who have conducted physical
activities for people with disabilities in schools and
institutions for the disabled in Thailand.
Data collection was completed in an eight-week period.
Means, standard deviations, a t-test and the Bonferroni
Method of Multiple Comparisons were used to treat these
data.
The results showed that 1) the competencies were
perceived as extremely important by professors and adapted
physical educators in Thailand, 2) the perceptions of
professors and physical educators on the competency
statements individually and overall were similar since the
null hypotheses were not rejected, and 3) the relationship
of both groups on the importance of each competency and
competency category was high with a Spearman rank
correlation of .7842, and .8857 respectively. Based upon the
findings of this study, it was recommended that this set of
competencies should be used as guidelines for the
preparation of adapted physical educators in Thailand. / Graduation date: 1992
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The effect of selected educational strategies on the success of secondary at-risk studentsYann, Judith A. 17 November 1992 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to determine if certain
identified educational strategies would have an effect on the
success of at-risk students at the secondary level.
Specifically, would school involvement and a mentor program
have an effect on students' attendance, grade point average,
and self-esteem.
An examination of related literature indicated no one
factor or specific combination of factors clearly determined
which student would be at-risk. The literature further
indicated that most researchers agree on a general list of
educational factors that can effect student success. The
study group of ninth grade at-risk students was determined by
the following criteria:
1) a grade point average of 2.0 or lower,
2) 15 days or more absences during their
eighth grade year,
3) a California Aptitude Test score between
30 and 50 percentile in Math, and
4) a California Aptitude Test score between
30 and 50 percentile in Reading.
This study's results determined that certain educational
strategies did effect at-risk students' success. Analysis of
the individual student results, showed improvement, in at
least, one of the identified areas. In the area of
attendance, four of the subjects showed marked improvement.
Four subjects showed progress in grade point averages; six of
the subjects showed a positive change towards school and
concerning the subjects' attitudes towards home; five students
made a positive transformation.
However, inspite of some individual improvement, there
was no statistical improvement in the group in toto. / Graduation date: 1993
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Creating supportive environment in a healthcare facilities, Cheshire Home, Shatin /Lam, Tak-wah, January 2001 (has links)
Thesis (M.L.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves.
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Sutrikusio intelekto vaikas ir tėvų socialinis aktyvumas / Social activity of parents raising mentally handicapped childrenAugulienė, Irena 04 July 2006 (has links)
This work analyses social activity of parents raising mentally handicapped children and it influencing forces.
The work introduces education documents regulating of handicapped children and possibilities of their parents to receive a social security ensuring parents‘professional and creative self-expression and full-fledged social and cultural life. Here is analyzed research which aims to measure factors influencing social activity of parents nurturing handicapped children. 222 respondents participated in research: 104 parents nurturing handicapped child of 7-12 years and 118 parents nurturing sane child of the same age.
To meet an aim following tasks were set:
1. Familiarize with literature and legal base regulating education of mentally handicapped children and social security of these families as well as to estimate how altered nurturing model influences parents‘social activity.
2. Carry out survey of parents nurturing handicapped children as well as parents nurturing sane children and compare their social activity.
3. Offer suggestions on how to increase social activity of parents nurturing mentally handicapped children.
Methods used in research to execute a purpose:
1. Analysis of documents and sources of literature.
2. Questionnaire.
3. SPSS statistical package used for data processing.
The object of research – mentally handicapped children nurturing parents’ social activity.
The research determined that parents‘social activity decreases when born... [to full text]
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