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Pathways to practice : women physicians in Chicago, 1850-1902 /Fine, Eve. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 452-476). Also available on the Internet.
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Pathways to practice women physicians in Chicago, 1850-1902 /Fine, Eve. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2007. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (p. 452-476).
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Manpower substitution in mental health service deliveryMacpherson, Elinor Carol January 1988 (has links)
The study developed a model for projecting potential economies from manpower substitution among the four core mental health professions and applied the model to a proposed substitution situation which would substitute psychologists for psychiatrists in the delivery of a proportion of present private practice (fee-for-service) psychiatry services in British Columbia. The model identifies three controlling variables: treatment substitutability (TS), practice privilege constraints (PPC), and relative payment rates (RR). In the model, TS and PPC are conceptualized as determining the estimated substitutable share of costs (SSC%); RR, in combination with the values derived for SSC%, is then used to estimate potential cost savings (CS%). Two conditions were defined for each of the three controlling variables in order to provide a range of possible values for SSC% and CS%. For reasons of data availability, data were obtained from the Manitoba Health Services Commission for private practice psychiatry services for FY 1984 and estimates of SSC% calculated. These estimates were then applied to B.C. Medical Services Commission data for FY 1984, and projected values of CS% calculated. Calculations were made both for all services and for the subset of psychotherapy services, which accounted for 80 percent of the larger set of services. The results of the study indicated considerable possibilities for manpower substitution, ranging from 35 to 70 percent for all services and 40 to 75 percent for psychotherapy services. However, the study also found that while salaried psychologists offered the possibility of substantial cost savings, a
fee-for-service arrangement suggested virtually no potential savings. Projected values of CS% for the salaried alternative were 20 to 40 percent for all services and 15 to 30 percent for psychotherapy services but in the fee-for-service alternative, only 4 to 8 percent for all services and 4 to 7 percent for psychotherapy services. Licensure and market rigidities which might pose barriers to implementation were evaluated and a review of professional training standards (TS), licensure standards (PPC), and funding alternatives (RR) indicated that the projected economies could be achieved with no necessity for modifications in existing arrangements. PPC appear to present almost no barriers to economies from the proposed manpower substitution and those barriers which are presented by TS and RR limitations still allow considerable potential for economies. Thus, the greatest opportunities for intervention in achieving and enhancing the projected, economies appear to be in the exploration of relative payment rates and relative effectiveness of treatment methods (e.g., psychotherapy vs. pharmacotherapy). The study concludes with a discussion of factors lying outside the boundaries of the model but which impinge, nonetheless, upon the feasibility of the proposed substitution and fall, necessarily, to policy makers to address. The existing network of B.C. community mental health centres was suggested as a possible mechanism for the delivery of the substitutable share of private practice psychiatry services. / Medicine, Faculty of / Population and Public Health (SPPH), School of / Graduate
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Manpower planning: health manpower planning-hospital manpower planningSeguin, John David January 1981 (has links)
The main objective of this thesis is to present concepts and knowledge involved in manpower planning, health manpower planning, hospital manpower planning, and the development of manpower and staffing guidelines in hospitals. Along with this objective, it was felt necessary that this thesis offer a good review of approaches or techniques used in manpower planning, health manpower planning, and the development of manpower and staffing guidelines in hospitals. It was also felt that to receive the proper attention, a list of criteria or functions that are necessary to develop such guidelines be given. All of the foregoing was accomplished through a review of the literature and case studies which the author has found helpful. It is the main conclusion of this thesis that both manpower and health manpower planning have received wide respect and recognition. Hospital manpower planning for the development of staffing guidelines in hospitals has not been so fortunate. This type of planning is still in the embryo or infancy stage. Although it has not received the attention as manpower or health manpower planning, recognition for the importance of developing staffing guidelines is growing rapidly. / Medicine, Faculty of / Population and Public Health (SPPH), School of / Graduate
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Dimensionamento de profissionais de enfermagem para assistência oncológica ambulatorial: aplicação do método WISN / Measuring nursing workforce for oncology care in the outpatient settingSantos, Daniela Vivas dos 28 March 2018 (has links)
Introdução: No tocante à terapêutica antineoplásica, há três tipos de tratamentos que podem ser aplicados isoladamente, sequencialmente ou concomitantemente: cirurgia, radioterapia e quimioterapia. A complexidade do tratamento requer uma assistência segura e de qualidade que se torna, ainda mais desafiadora quando o maior volume dos atendimentos acontece em regime ambulatorial. Desse modo, torna-se fundamental, o adequado gerenciamento dos recursos humanos, o qual se inicia com a previsão de profissionais. Nesse sentido, o método Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN) desenvolvido pela Organização Mundial de Saúde, fundamentado na avaliação da carga de trabalho despendida pelos profissionais, baseia-se em padrões de tempo das intervenções/atividades de saúde, utilizando os dados estatísticos disponíveis nas instituições .Objetivo: Avaliar a aplicação do método Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN) para dimensionar a equipe de enfermagem para o cuidado a pacientes oncológicos em regime ambulatorial. Método: pesquisa de campo observacional e documental, com abordagem quantitativa e amostra intencional, realizada nos Ambulatórios de Clínicas Integradas, Quimioterapia, Radioterapia e Hospital Dia de um hospital público, de grande porte, especializado em Oncologia, localizado no município de São Paulo, com diversos selos de qualidade. Para aplicação do método realizou-se o conjunto de operações nas etapas preconizadas. Os dados estatísticos das ausências previstas e não previstas, bem como os relativos à produção da equipe de enfermagem foram obtidos junto á Diretoria Geral de Assistência. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi composto por 38 intervenções/atividades. Para a identificação do tempo despendido nas intervenções/atividades foi aplicada a técnica amostragem do trabalho, com observação direta de 51 enfermeiros e 50 técnicos de enfermagem, em intervalo de cinco minutos, por 47 dias. O cálculo do tempo das intervenções/atividades de enfermagem fundamentou-se no tempo total disponível dos profissionais e na categorização das intervenções/atividades propostas pelo método em questão. Resultados: Foram realizadas 16322 observações, sendo 12,6% a amostra de reteste, com 85% de concordância no teste de confiabilidade entre as observadoras de campo e a pesquisadora. O quadro de profissionais de enfermagem necessários para atender a carga de trabalho, na maior parte dos setores estudados não apresentou discrepância em relação ao existente. Os padrões de tempo utilizados nos cálculos expressaram a realidade dos setores e todos os componentes foram considerados adequados para as categorias profissionais envolvidas. A observação direta e o estudo de tempos foram as formas utilizadas para obtenção dos padrões das intervenções com maior precisão. Conclusão: O método WISN mostrou-se adequado para dimensionar os profissionais, fornecendo evidências sobre o quadro necessário para os setores. Entretanto, sua utilização pressupõe como condição a disponibilidade de dados estatísticos completos e organizados sistematicamente sobre a carga de trabalho dos profissionais e dos setores. Os resultados forneceram uma visão geral das intervenções/atividades de enfermagem realizadas nos setores ambulatoriais, bem como elas distribuíram-se dentro do tempo de trabalho, o que pode subsidiar a revisão de alguns processos da assistência de enfermagem para melhor atender os pacientes. Os padrões de tempo encontrados, neste estudo, poderão ser referências para o dimensionamento de enfermagem e a aplicação do método Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN), propiciando discussões e reflexões sobre o atendimento com qualidade e segurança aos pacientes oncológicos em regime ambulatorial. / Introduction: regarding antineoplastic therapy, there are three types of treatments which can be applied separately, sequentially or simultaneously: surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The complexity of the treatment requires safe and high quality assistance which becomes even more challenging when most health care takes place in the outpatient setting. Thus, the appropriate management of human resources becomes fundamental, which begins with staffing requirements. Therefore, the Workload Indicators of Staffing Need method, developed by the World Health Organization, substantiated on workers workload evaluations, is based on time patterns of the health activities/interventions, using statistical data available in the institutions. Objective: To evaluate the application of the Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN) method to calculate the nursing workforce for oncology patient care in the outpatient setting. Method: documentary and observational field research with intentional sample and quantitative approach, conducted in the output departments of Clínicas Integradas (Integrated Clinics), Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy and Day Hospital of an accredited public oncology hospital, situated in the city of São Paulo. In order to apply the method, the group of operations / protocols were performed following the steps suggested. The absence and productivity statistical datum were obtained at the general assistance board department. The data collection instrument was combined of 38 interventions/activities. The work sampling technique was used to identify the time spent on the interventions/activities, with direct observation of 51 nurses and 50 nurse assistants, having 5-minute intervals during 47 days. The time calculation of the nursing interventions / activities was based on the workers total available time and the interventions / activities categorization proposed by the WISN method. Results: 16322 field observations were conducted, 12,6% was sample retest, with 85% agreement among field observers and the researcher. The nursing staffing required to manage the workload, and most of the departments observed have not shown discrepancies regarding the current. The time standards used in the calculations conveyed the reality of the departments and all the components were considered appropriate for the professional categories involved. The direct observation and the time study were used in order to obtain more accurate pattern interventions. Conclusion: The WISN method proved to be suitable to determine staffing requirements, providing evidence on staffing in each department. However, in order to apply the WISN method it is necessary to have complete and systematically organized statistical data of the workers workloads and the setting. The results showed a general view of the nursing interventions/activities in outpatient departments, as well as the distribution during workload, which may suggest the review of some nursing protocols in order to improve the patients assistance. The time standards found in this study may be reference to measure the nursing staffing requirements and to apply the WISN method, promoting discussions and critical thinking on providing oncology patients with safe and high quality assistance in the outpatient facility.
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End-of-Career Practice Patterns of Primary Care Physicians in OntarioSimkin, Sarah January 2017 (has links)
Incomplete understanding of attrition from the physician workforce has hampered policy-makers’ efforts to achieve optimal alignment of the supply of physicians with population demand for medical services. This longitudinal study of Ontario primary care physicians uses health administrative data to characterize changes in physicians’ practice patterns over time. We examined the workload and scopes of practice of 21,240 physicians between 1992 and 2013. We found that physicians reduce their workloads gradually as they age, retiring from clinical practice at an average age of 70.5. Furthermore, we found that 60% of family physicians who stop providing comprehensive primary care continue to provide clinical services for an average of three years, with reduced workloads, before retiring fully. Our findings clarify the process of physician attrition from the workforce and will help to improve estimates of attrition and make physician workforce planning more accurate and effective.
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Factors influencing the knowledge and attitudes of the village health communicators toward primary health care promotion : a case study of Ang Thong Province, Thailand /Shrestha, Jagat Man, Sommai Wansorn, January 1988 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (M.P.H.M.))--Mahidol University, 1988.
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EducaÃÃo permanente: mediando uma aprendizagem sobre a estratÃgia saÃde da famÃlia- um estudo piloto / Permanent Education: Favoring the Learning on Family Healt Strategy - A Pilot Study.Maria Ijane ClÃa Nobre de Sena 11 June 2014 (has links)
nÃo hà / RESUMO
A PolÃtica Nacional de AtenÃÃo BÃsica tem na SaÃde da FamÃlia sua principal estratÃgia de expansÃo e consolidaÃÃo da AtenÃÃo BÃsica. Os Centros de SaÃde da FamÃlia (CSF) absorvem um grande nÃmero de trabalhadores. A formaÃÃo destes para o Sistema Ãnico de SaÃde e, nesse caso, para os CSF sobre a temÃtica EstratÃgia SaÃde da FamÃlia (ESF) à o objeto de estudo deste trabalho. Os treinamentos sobre ESF sÃo poucos e direcionados Ãs equipes de SaÃde da FamÃlia (eSF), distanciando os demais trabalhadores dessa temÃtica. Diante desse problema aplicou-se um projeto de intervenÃÃo com o objetivo geral de promover um processo de educaÃÃo permanente focado na dinÃmica da ESF para os trabalhadores do SUS, e com objetivos especÃficos de fomentar o conhecimento sobre ESF, sensibilizar os trabalhadores do CSF para o processo de trabalho na ESF e despertar nos participantes a importÃncia da integraÃÃo entre os demais trabalhadores e as eSF. A IntervenÃÃo se deu no CSF Pedro Celestino Romero, em fevereiro de 2014. Participaram dela doze de seus trabalhadores, de diversas categorias profissionais. Para eles foram realizadas trÃs oficinas educativas, abordando temas relacionados à ESF. Obedeceu-se aos preceitos Ãticos da ResoluÃÃo CNS No 466/2012. Na anÃlise da IntervenÃÃo utilizaram-se roteiros de observaÃÃo usados nas oficinas educativas, prÃ-testes e pÃs-testes e ainda um instrumento de avaliaÃÃo da metodologia, baseados na escala de Likert (GIL, 1999). A anÃlise considerou os dois primeiros nÃveis do mÃtodo de avaliaÃÃo de treinamentos de Kirkpatrick, que no primeiro nÃvel avalia a reaÃÃo dos participantes à metodologia abordada e, no segundo, a aquisiÃÃo de conhecimentos por eles. Essa intervenÃÃo iniciou um processo de EducaÃÃo Permanente sobre ESF. A avaliaÃÃo dos dados mostrou que a EducaÃÃo Permanente em SaÃde à uma ferramenta importante para a aquisiÃÃo/atualizaÃÃo de conteÃdos, pois os trabalhadores aprimoraram e/ou aumentaram seus conhecimentos sobre ESF.
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Dimensionamento de profissionais de enfermagem para assistência oncológica ambulatorial: aplicação do método WISN / Measuring nursing workforce for oncology care in the outpatient settingDaniela Vivas dos Santos 28 March 2018 (has links)
Introdução: No tocante à terapêutica antineoplásica, há três tipos de tratamentos que podem ser aplicados isoladamente, sequencialmente ou concomitantemente: cirurgia, radioterapia e quimioterapia. A complexidade do tratamento requer uma assistência segura e de qualidade que se torna, ainda mais desafiadora quando o maior volume dos atendimentos acontece em regime ambulatorial. Desse modo, torna-se fundamental, o adequado gerenciamento dos recursos humanos, o qual se inicia com a previsão de profissionais. Nesse sentido, o método Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN) desenvolvido pela Organização Mundial de Saúde, fundamentado na avaliação da carga de trabalho despendida pelos profissionais, baseia-se em padrões de tempo das intervenções/atividades de saúde, utilizando os dados estatísticos disponíveis nas instituições .Objetivo: Avaliar a aplicação do método Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN) para dimensionar a equipe de enfermagem para o cuidado a pacientes oncológicos em regime ambulatorial. Método: pesquisa de campo observacional e documental, com abordagem quantitativa e amostra intencional, realizada nos Ambulatórios de Clínicas Integradas, Quimioterapia, Radioterapia e Hospital Dia de um hospital público, de grande porte, especializado em Oncologia, localizado no município de São Paulo, com diversos selos de qualidade. Para aplicação do método realizou-se o conjunto de operações nas etapas preconizadas. Os dados estatísticos das ausências previstas e não previstas, bem como os relativos à produção da equipe de enfermagem foram obtidos junto á Diretoria Geral de Assistência. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi composto por 38 intervenções/atividades. Para a identificação do tempo despendido nas intervenções/atividades foi aplicada a técnica amostragem do trabalho, com observação direta de 51 enfermeiros e 50 técnicos de enfermagem, em intervalo de cinco minutos, por 47 dias. O cálculo do tempo das intervenções/atividades de enfermagem fundamentou-se no tempo total disponível dos profissionais e na categorização das intervenções/atividades propostas pelo método em questão. Resultados: Foram realizadas 16322 observações, sendo 12,6% a amostra de reteste, com 85% de concordância no teste de confiabilidade entre as observadoras de campo e a pesquisadora. O quadro de profissionais de enfermagem necessários para atender a carga de trabalho, na maior parte dos setores estudados não apresentou discrepância em relação ao existente. Os padrões de tempo utilizados nos cálculos expressaram a realidade dos setores e todos os componentes foram considerados adequados para as categorias profissionais envolvidas. A observação direta e o estudo de tempos foram as formas utilizadas para obtenção dos padrões das intervenções com maior precisão. Conclusão: O método WISN mostrou-se adequado para dimensionar os profissionais, fornecendo evidências sobre o quadro necessário para os setores. Entretanto, sua utilização pressupõe como condição a disponibilidade de dados estatísticos completos e organizados sistematicamente sobre a carga de trabalho dos profissionais e dos setores. Os resultados forneceram uma visão geral das intervenções/atividades de enfermagem realizadas nos setores ambulatoriais, bem como elas distribuíram-se dentro do tempo de trabalho, o que pode subsidiar a revisão de alguns processos da assistência de enfermagem para melhor atender os pacientes. Os padrões de tempo encontrados, neste estudo, poderão ser referências para o dimensionamento de enfermagem e a aplicação do método Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN), propiciando discussões e reflexões sobre o atendimento com qualidade e segurança aos pacientes oncológicos em regime ambulatorial. / Introduction: regarding antineoplastic therapy, there are three types of treatments which can be applied separately, sequentially or simultaneously: surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The complexity of the treatment requires safe and high quality assistance which becomes even more challenging when most health care takes place in the outpatient setting. Thus, the appropriate management of human resources becomes fundamental, which begins with staffing requirements. Therefore, the Workload Indicators of Staffing Need method, developed by the World Health Organization, substantiated on workers workload evaluations, is based on time patterns of the health activities/interventions, using statistical data available in the institutions. Objective: To evaluate the application of the Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN) method to calculate the nursing workforce for oncology patient care in the outpatient setting. Method: documentary and observational field research with intentional sample and quantitative approach, conducted in the output departments of Clínicas Integradas (Integrated Clinics), Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy and Day Hospital of an accredited public oncology hospital, situated in the city of São Paulo. In order to apply the method, the group of operations / protocols were performed following the steps suggested. The absence and productivity statistical datum were obtained at the general assistance board department. The data collection instrument was combined of 38 interventions/activities. The work sampling technique was used to identify the time spent on the interventions/activities, with direct observation of 51 nurses and 50 nurse assistants, having 5-minute intervals during 47 days. The time calculation of the nursing interventions / activities was based on the workers total available time and the interventions / activities categorization proposed by the WISN method. Results: 16322 field observations were conducted, 12,6% was sample retest, with 85% agreement among field observers and the researcher. The nursing staffing required to manage the workload, and most of the departments observed have not shown discrepancies regarding the current. The time standards used in the calculations conveyed the reality of the departments and all the components were considered appropriate for the professional categories involved. The direct observation and the time study were used in order to obtain more accurate pattern interventions. Conclusion: The WISN method proved to be suitable to determine staffing requirements, providing evidence on staffing in each department. However, in order to apply the WISN method it is necessary to have complete and systematically organized statistical data of the workers workloads and the setting. The results showed a general view of the nursing interventions/activities in outpatient departments, as well as the distribution during workload, which may suggest the review of some nursing protocols in order to improve the patients assistance. The time standards found in this study may be reference to measure the nursing staffing requirements and to apply the WISN method, promoting discussions and critical thinking on providing oncology patients with safe and high quality assistance in the outpatient facility.
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Caracterização da procura por especialidades médicas dos candidatos ao Concurso SUS - SES/SP entre 1999 e 2004 / Characterization of demand for medical specialties of the applicants to Single Health System Medical Residency Contest, between 1999 and 2004Correa, Aniara Nascimento 25 August 2008 (has links)
Anualmente, a Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo (SES/SP) realiza o Concurso SUS-SES/SP para o preenchimento de vagas de RM oferecidas pelas instituições participantes, nas diferentes especialidades médicas. Partindo da compreensão que a decisão pela especialidade é um momento singular na trajetória da profissão médica, e que, a RM desempenha um importante papel para o sistema de saúde; este trabalho objetivou conhecer a tendência da demanda por especialidades médicas tomando como referência, o universo dos candidatos que se inscreveram no Concurso SUS, no período entre 1999 e 2004. Dentre as especialidades que contaram com aumento na procura estão a Anestesiologia, Cirurgia Cardiovascular, Cirurgia Oncológica, Cirurgia Plástica, Clínica Médica, Dermatologia, Endocrinologia e Psiquiatria. As especialidades que apresentaram queda na procura foram Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, Gastroenterologia, Oftalmologia, Pediatria e Pneumologia / Annually, the Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo (SES/SP) opens Single Health System SES/SP Medical Residency Contest offered by participant institutions in different medical specialties. The public selection process has been held in partnership with Fundação Carlos Chagas for more than fifteen years. Currently, this process counts with almost six thousand candidates enrolled from several regions of Brazil. Assuming that making decision for specialty is a very singular moment for medical career, and that, Medical Residency conducts an important function for Health System; this research aims to point out tendencies for medical specialties, using the amount of enrolled candidates for SUS Contest, between 1999 and 2004, as reference. Therefore, the number of inscriptions raised 18% in this period, distinguishing male predominance. Considering candidates hometown, 52% lived outside Sao Paulo State in the moment of contest inscription, making evident the attractive potential for doctors from different regions of Brazil. In terms of numbers, basic specialties took part in half inscriptions in this period. In terms of numbers, basic specialties took part in half inscriptions in this period. The specialties with raised number of searching were Anesthesiology, Surgery Cardiovascular, Oncology Surgery, Plastic Surgery, General Internal Medicine, Dermatology, Endocrinology and Psychiatry. The specialties with decreased number of searching were Head and Neck Surgery, Gastroenterology, Ophthalmology, Pediatrics and Pneumology
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