Historically society has, at various periods in time, protected the health, safety and welfare of those most disadvantaged by using socially based collective mechanisms. Within the United Kingdom the model used to achieve this collective protection has developed from proscription, under the Factories Acts, to a more self-regulatory and risk based approach advocated by Lord Roben's under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 and its relevant statutory provisions. The body tasked with providing examples of good practice and regulating the provisions of the Act, The Health and Safety Executive, advocate a management-led model using the principles of total quality management (TQM). This model is one which purports to focus on a systematic and empowered approach by involving all staff in the evaluation and reduction of systematic error within processes throughout the whole organisation. It can be argued that the contemporary disadvantaged are no longer the children of the industrial revolution but are those members of society who seek employment yet are handicapped by society through disability or impairment- the paradigm of disability. This study sought to explore this paradigm of disability and TQM within the context of two contrasting industrial sectors - the engineering and retail sectors. The study sought to break new ground by exploring whether the TQM model, which advocates system totality, reduction in variation and continuous improvement as fundamental principles, does in fact provide improved cognitive adequacy (a construct of institutional responsibility, communication and problem resolution) within the paradigm of disability. The study used a triangulation methodology to collect qualitative data at the individual and institutional level. This involved a number of phases comprising group discussions, focus groups and self-completed questionnaires (n=1135) by economically active disabled, impaired and handicapped individuals and at the organisational level case study analysis (n=8) and self-completed questionnaires (n=2181) by institutional key players. Although the construct of disability is multifaceted, the study concluded that at the individual level a number of factors were perceived to be ranked higher and as such more important to disabled employees in maintaining their health, safety and welfare. These were further classified into 'software' and 'hardware' domains of a safety management system with institutional social support being most important. Social support comprised support, communication and trust and was perceived to be low at the organisational level. At the institutional or organisational level social support can be measured using the theory of cognitive adequacy comprising responsibility, communication and problem resolution. When measured at the organisational level, via the policy domain, cognitive adequacy was once more concluded to be low or absent. These results applied equally to individuals within both the retail and engineering sectors. The study also concluded that, at the organisational level, safety systems which can be categorised as formal did not exist to meet the needs of the disabled within the organisations studied. This was particularly evident at the policy domain level where it was noted that few companies had included provisions for the allocation of specifically defined responsibility and control. However there existed many informal sub-systems which had developed through group dynamics and personal interrelations. In many cases those tasked with operational responsibility were unaware of such sub-systems. There also existed many barriers within the disability paradigm to both the duty holder and disabled employees meeting specific duties under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974. In particular communication, both verbal and non-verbal, presented the highest ranked barrier to organisations achieving a high cognitive adequacy condition. Each construct was measured using contingency tables and log-linear analysis to determine any association between TQM and non-TQM organisations for the paradigm of disability. Significant differences in data acquisition, performance measurement and problem resolution existed between TQM and Non-TQM organisations. However in relation to the paradigm of disability, the study concluded that the data supported the null hypothesis that, in the context of the paradigm of disability, no significant differences were exhibited between the safety management systems (SMS) of organisations who had adopted TQM and those that had not. Holistically this study has provided a deeper understanding of the complexity of the disabled paradigm and safety provisions at work.

This research is concerned with establishing a rationale which will link safe printmaking practices with artists' individual and sustainable creative practices, by investigating the preconception that printmaking practices may be limited by adopting such an environmentally sensitive approach. This has been investigated through a practice-led approach, which implicitly involves the researchers' professional practice as a visual artist printmaker. The cross disciplinary nature of this practice-led research has established that diverse and non-text based sources be included in the literature review. The resulting contextual review established the evolutionary nature of printmaking practices, the role played by individual artists perceptions of risk, and the limited ability of available literature to adequately link evolving and didactic creative practices to emergent boundaries established by environmental and occupational health and safety legislative criteria. There was evidently no theoretical framework for linking these apparently divergent criteria. The multi-disciplinary and practice-led context i. e. the research was generated by practice and carried out through practice, determined the range of methods employed: questionnaire, quantitative tests of materials; participation in, and initiation of collaborative case studies; documenting workshop practice and visual development of printed art works; and exhibition for peer review. These multiple methods and their complex interrelationships were visualised as a system of consequential actions, in order to externalise possible alternative actions and choices made by the researcher in response to this research. Analysis of these methods revealed that: the collaborative case studies and the researcher's own visual and practical response, established that a systematic revaluation of practice could link the idiosyncratic and individual creative practices to the use and selection of nonhazardous practices, which did respond to objective occupational health and safety rationale. This revealed the extent to which a systematic re-evaluation of 'established practices' may be synthesised into the working practice of the researcher and lead to the diversification of that practice - visually and practically. This process has resulted in the generation of a body of printed art works which implicitly embodied the hypothesis developed in this research; the development of a electronic database or 'morphological framework', which initiates a sequential examination of process at a structural level, collating, comparing and promoting previously un-considered alternatives based on a heterarchical model of risk. This process has offered tangible means of visualising the generative processes involved in making prints. The 'morphological framework' has implicitly linked the researcher's printmaking to a sustainable and environmentally sensitive creative practice, which is methodologically transparent and procedurally transferable.

- 193 - Abstract This dissertation theses describes the topic of company health-care services. The thesis provides a complex analysis of providing company health-care services with particular focus on the connection of these services with the employment relations and the legal instruments governed by the Labour Code. The thesis focuses in particular on the topic of medical examinations and medical reports, as well as the unfitness to work due to health-related reasons as a reason for termination of employment or other employment-law consequences. Besides an analysis of the current legislation, the theses further deals with the current case law, and in particular the judicial decisions on medical reports and their review by administrative and civil courts. The thesis also describes related legal instruments in the field of personal data protection and liability for damages, and provides a short comparison of the analysed legal regulation and the regulation of public service.

Esta tese explora o campo da Saúde e Segurança no Trabalho - SST destacando as recentes propostas de inclusão dos aspectos psicossociais nas abordagens dos chamados "riscos ocupacionais" que tradicionalmente valorizam os aspectos objetivos (químicos, físicos, biológicos, ergonômicos e de acidentes) e as prescrições. Em busca de novas fundamentações teoricometodológicas, revisita-se conceitos/práticas envolvidos em SST à luz de observações oriundas da atuação como psicóloga em um setor de saúde de uma empresa no ramo de energia e de referenciais teóricos que tomam como pontos de partida e chegada a atividade, a defasagem entre o trabalho prescrito e o real, o diálogo sinérgico entre os saberes e a dimensão coletiva do trabalho. Dentre os referenciais utilizados destacam-se as contribuições de Georges Canguilhem, em especial sua concepção de saúde, a Psicodinâmica do Trabalho e a Ergologia. Sob uma perspectiva ergológica, aponta-se para norteadores de um redirecionamento, para que a prevenção incorpore aquilo que é da ordem do não antecipável, que advém das situações reais com suas dramáticas, encontros de encontros, escolhas e ressingularizações, para além do patrimônio acumulado na forma de normas antecedentes (sem desconsiderá-lo). Nesse sentido, uma vez ressaltada a dimensão gestionária das atividades, seus protagonistas são convocados não apenas a cumprir prescrições elaboradas por especialistas, mas também a exercer, individual e coletivamente, a coautoria na gestão de sua saúde, segurança, trabalho e vida.

Esta tese explora o campo da Saúde e Segurança no Trabalho - SST destacando as recentes propostas de inclusão dos aspectos psicossociais nas abordagens dos chamados "riscos ocupacionais" que tradicionalmente valorizam os aspectos objetivos (químicos, físicos, biológicos, ergonômicos e de acidentes) e as prescrições. Em busca de novas fundamentações teoricometodológicas, revisita-se conceitos/práticas envolvidos em SST à luz de observações oriundas da atuação como psicóloga em um setor de saúde de uma empresa no ramo de energia e de referenciais teóricos que tomam como pontos de partida e chegada a atividade, a defasagem entre o trabalho prescrito e o real, o diálogo sinérgico entre os saberes e a dimensão coletiva do trabalho. Dentre os referenciais utilizados destacam-se as contribuições de Georges Canguilhem, em especial sua concepção de saúde, a Psicodinâmica do Trabalho e a Ergologia. Sob uma perspectiva ergológica, aponta-se para norteadores de um redirecionamento, para que a prevenção incorpore aquilo que é da ordem do não antecipável, que advém das situações reais com suas dramáticas, encontros de encontros, escolhas e ressingularizações, para além do patrimônio acumulado na forma de normas antecedentes (sem desconsiderá-lo). Nesse sentido, uma vez ressaltada a dimensão gestionária das atividades, seus protagonistas são convocados não apenas a cumprir prescrições elaboradas por especialistas, mas também a exercer, individual e coletivamente, a coautoria na gestão de sua saúde, segurança, trabalho e vida.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:30:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliana Santos Monteiro.pdf: 1394327 bytes, checksum: fcec8cbf04eb8190da9809ea85ec2b23 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work is aimed at understanding the policy developed by the dictatorial government between the years 1966 and 1976, Safety and Health at Work, created by Fundacentro. Fundacentro is an institution of research and studies related to safety, hygiene and occupational medicine, coupled with the Ministry of Labor. Fundacentro had great relevance in the period mentioned, and, among their responsibilities there is one which is highlighted by the social function it accomplished. Firstly, it was to provide technical accessory to the Legislature and the Executive in order to have the development of safety standards at work. Secondly, it was to coordinate and promote the professionals chiefly specialized in security and health in the area, implemented by official policy. Fundacentro ran as a tripartite organization and was directed by a Board of Councils, which was held by government representatives, entrepreneurs and workers. The correlation between social groups involved in Fundacentro since it was created had no equality in terms of the entrepreneurship, the government, the academics1 and trade unions, together with international bodies like the International Labor Organization (ILO) and their respective interests in the structuring the Health and Safety in Brazil. In a period in which Brazil was considered the champion in work accidents, their main function was to provide technical support and educational prevention policy. It was defined by the government, which stemmed from the assumption that the accidents were caused by the workers themselves. This evidence is taken from the immanent analysis of sources: publications by Fundacentro, as the Newsletter and the Brazilian Journal of Occupational Health (Revista Brasileira da Saúde Ocupacional), prevention information disseminated by the institution Fundacentro. They are based on concepts related to the Unsafe Act of the worker, blaming himself for the accidents. We finally understand that, the powers of the institution at that time were consistent with the National Security Doctrine / O objetivo central deste trabalho foi o de entender a política desenvolvida pelo governo ditatorial entre os anos de 1966 e 1976, para a Segurança e Saúde do Trabalho, através da criação da Fundacentro. A Fundacentro é uma instituição de pesquisa e estudos atinentes à segurança, higiene e medicina do trabalho, vinculada ao Ministério do Trabalho. A Fundacentro teve grande relevância no período, pois, dentre suas atribuições duas se destacaram pela função social que cumpriram: dar assessoria técnica ao Legislativo e ao Executivo para o desenvolvimento de normas de segurança no trabalho e coordenar e promover a formação de profissionais especializados em segurança e saúde na área, implementares da política oficial. Dirigida por um Conselho Superior que agregava representantes do governo, empresariado e trabalhadores, atuou como uma organização tripartite. A correlação entre os grupos sociais envolvidos na Fundacentro desde a sua criação empresariado, governo, academia e sindicatos, juntamente com organismos internacionais como a Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT) e os seus respectivos interesses na estruturação da Saúde e Segurança do Trabalho no Brasil, não se deu de forma igualitária. Em um período em que o Brasil era considerado campeão em acidentes de trabalho, sua função principal foi a de dar respaldo técnico e educacional à política prevencionista definida pelo governo, que partia do pressuposto de que os acidentes eram provocados pelos acidentados, ou seja, os próprios trabalhadores. Evidenciamos, a partir da análise imanente das fontes publicações da Fundacentro, como o Boletim Informativo e a Revista Brasileira de Saúde Ocupacional, a educação prevencionista propagada pela Fundacentro, baseada em conceitos relativos ao Ato Inseguro do trabalhador, culpabilizando-o pelos acidentes. Entendemos, por fim, que as atribuições da Instituição naquele período, se coadunavam com a Doutrina de Segurança Nacional

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-08T14:53:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 6781492 bytes, checksum: fe2dd68453a98e9b423873de0eafac83 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This paper proposes a ergonomic checklist for the Civil Construction Industry, which was adapted from the checklist of ILO (International Labour Organization) listed on the Ergonomic Checkpoints manual. The original list is presented as an important tool for identifying private ergonomic problems addressing 128 work-related interventions, but some conclusions limit their application in construction industry. Therefore, in order to adjust it to the reality of the industry, it was held a survey over two vertical residential-buildings construction sites owned by construction companies of the state of Paraíba, one being a small business work, located in the city of Patos, and the other a mid-sized one, located in the city of João Pessoa. During the research, it was made technical in situ visitations which allowed data collection through direct observation and photographic recording, and the achievement of a health and safety conditions of construction sites diagnosis, according to NR 18, and the ILO checklist application on activities of: plaster coating, electrical installations, hydro sanitary installations, mortar coating, window frames installation, cementation and texture on walls, iron framework, mortar preparation, iron structures painting, manufacture of wooden guardrails, frame vertical transport, unloading and transportation of rebar and installation of granite countertops. This set of actions allowed the achievement of the research general objective, the ergonomic checklist adapted to the ICC, with 76 points, representing a decrease of 40.63% on the addressed points, and the separation of convenience, welfare and work organization items. Finally, it is concluded that the proposed list can be used on ICC, as a simple, easy handling tool that enables rapid decision-making at short-term, serving as a prevention tool to preferentially integrate a Health and Workplace Safety Management System that seeks continuous improvement with the end of reducing accidents and improving the working conditions, the environment and the life quality of construction workers. / Este trabalho propõe uma lista de verificação ergonômica para a Indústria da Construção Civil, a qual foi adaptada da lista de verificação da ILO (International Labour Organization) constante no manual Pontos de Verificação Ergonômica. A lista original se apresenta como uma ferramenta importante para identificação de problemas ergonômicos particulares, abordando 128 intervenções ligadas ao trabalho, porém, algumas constatações limitam sua aplicação na construção civil. Dessa forma, com o intuito de adequá-la à realidade do setor, realizou-se um estudo em dois canteiros de obras de edificações residenciais verticais, pertencentes a empresas construtoras do estado da Paraíba, sendo uma obra de pequeno porte, localizada na cidade de Patos, e a outra de médio porte, localizada na cidade de João Pessoa. Durante a pesquisa foram feitas visitas técnicas in loco, que permitiram a coleta de dados através da observação direta e do registro fotográfico, a realização de um diagnóstico das condições de Saúde e Segurança dos canteiros de obras, de acordo com NR 18, além da aplicação da lista de verificação da ILO nas atividades de: revestimento em gesso, instalações elétricas, instalações hidrossanitárias, revestimento em argamassa, instalação de esquadrias, emassamento e textura em paredes, armação de ferro, preparação de argamassa, pintura de estruturas de ferro, confecção de guarda corpos em madeira, transporte vertical de armação, descarga e transporte de vergalhões e instalação de balcões em granito. O conjunto dessas ações permitiu que se alcançasse o objetivo geral da pesquisa, a lista de verificação ergonômica adaptada à ICC, com 76 pontos, que representa uma redução de 40,63% dos pontos abordados, e a separação dos itens comodidade e bem estar e organização do trabalho. Por fim, conclui-se que a lista proposta poderá ser utilizada na ICC, como uma ferramenta simples, de fácil manuseio e que possibilite tomadas de decisões rápidas e de curto prazo, servindo como um instrumento de prevenção que, preferencialmente, integre um Sistema de Gestão da Saúde e Segurança no Trabalho que busque melhorias contínuas em termos de redução de acidentes de trabalho e melhoria das condições de trabalho, do meio ambiente e da qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores da construção.

Le souci du respect de la législation applicable en matière de Santé et de Sécurité au Travail (SST) est longtemps resté absent des politiques managériales des entreprises, et ce quelle que soit leur taille. Cependant, sous l'effet de pressions légales, économiques, sociales ou encore en raison du développement de référentiels normatifs dans ce domaine (exemples : OHSAS 18001), les employeurs sont incités à développer des dispositifs de maîtrise de la conformité légale plus ou moins complexes. Cependant, la mise en œuvre de véritables Systèmes de Maîtrise des Conformités (SMC) implique le déploiement de ressources humaines, financières, temporelles, méthodologiques mais également technologiques importantes. Pour faire face à cette situation, différentes catégories de prestataires de services proposent désormais des solutions de suivi et de gestion de la conformité. Malgré cela, l'étude de l'état des pratiques d'entreprise en matière de maîtrise des conformités légales SST montre que ces dernières sont encore extrêmement hétérogènes et que des besoins en matière de méthodes ou encore d'outils de consolidation des données (rapports de conformité, plans d'actions, ...) apparaissent nettement. En s'appuyant sur ces éléments de contexte, ce travail de recherche propose la modélisation d'un Système de Maîtrise des Conformités répondant aux besoins exprimés par de nombreuses entreprises afin de gérer des aspects tels que la veille réglementaire, les évaluations de conformité ou encore la gestion des plans d'actions. Afin d'évaluer l'intérêt et la pertinence du modèle proposé, plusieurs expérimentations ont été conduites en entreprise. Une synthèse des résultats obtenus est présentée à la fin de ce travail. / The problematic of legal rulings concerning Occupational Health and Safety atwork (OHS) was absent from companies management policies for a long time, regardless of their size. However, because of legal, economic, social pressures and the development of normative references in the field of OHS (such as OHSAS 18001), employers are encouraged to develop more or less complex compliance management devices. Nevertheless, the implementation of a real Compliance Management System (CMS) forces to deploy important human, financial, time, methodological and technical resources. To face this situation, different categories of services providers henceforth propose monitoring and management solutions. Despite this, the study of companies state practices in the field of mastering OHS legal compliance shows that these practices are extremely heterogeneous and that needs concerning methods and data consolidation tools (compliance reports, action plans…) clearly appear. Based on these context elements, this research work proposes the modelling of a Compliance Management System responding to needs expressed by many companies to deal with aspects such as regulatory monitoring, compliance assessment and action plans management. To evaluate the interest and the relevance of the proposed model, several experimentations were conducted in companies. A synthesis of the results obtained is presented at the end of this research work.

The aim of this diploma thesis is the preparation of a constructional-technology study into the realization of carcass industry hall in the village Moravany u Brna. An itemized budget has been created for the framework alongside a proposal for the main building mechanisms, time management, health and safety plan and environmental management. The thesis is focused on detailed realization of the precast concrete frame which outlines technological regulation and inspection and a trial plan. The thesis further deals with site equipment, possible public transport routes into specific areas and how the main technological stages are developed. In creation of this thesis were used constructional-technological softwares BuildPowerS, CONTEC, ArchiCAD, AutoTurn, Vehicle Tracking and Hluk+9.