<p>Low back pain (LBP) is a significant problem among the nursing population worldwide. Manual lifting and shifting of heavy objects and patients are primary contributing factors. Nurses are supposed to be knowledgeable about the risk factors and preventive measures and effectively apply it into practice to prevent them from sustaining back injuries. Strategies to reducing the incidences of LBP in nurses have been previously implemented but with little outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between occupational risk factors and the prevalence of LBP in nurses at MOI, Tanzania. Therefore, the study examined / the prevalence of LBP amongst nurses, work-related risk factors contributing to LBP, knowledge and effectiveness of back care techniques, and barriers to effective back care techniques in clinical nurses.</p>

<p>Low back pain (LBP) is a significant problem among the nursing population worldwide. Manual lifting and shifting of heavy objects and patients are primary contributing factors. Nurses are supposed to be knowledgeable about the risk factors and preventive measures and effectively apply it into practice to prevent them from sustaining back injuries. Strategies to reducing the incidences of LBP in nurses have been previously implemented but with little outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between occupational risk factors and the prevalence of LBP in nurses at MOI, Tanzania. Therefore, the study examined / the prevalence of LBP amongst nurses, work-related risk factors contributing to LBP, knowledge and effectiveness of back care techniques, and barriers to effective back care techniques in clinical nurses.</p>

The dissertation themed "Costs of providing nursing and rehabilitation care in institutions of social services." maps out current issues in provision of health care in the residential facilities of social services. The dissertation focused on analysis of expenses for provision of nursing and rehabilitation care in residential facilities of social services. The theory part is divided into five chapters. In the first chapter, I deal with the social services in the European Union and in the Czech Republic. Further, I describe the system of long-term care. The second chapter focuses on residential facilities of the social services, their division by types and specification of their basic activities. In the third chapter, I describe funding of the residential facilities of the social services, where I focus on description of each funding source. The fourth chapter is focused on health care in the residential facilities of the social services. I describe author's expertise of general nurse in the social services, the list of tasks of health care for the expertise, conditions for indication of health care, the ways for payments of health care by health insurance companies, and audits of the reported health care conducted by the health insurance companies. The last chapter deals with the issues related to per os administration of drugs in the residential facilities of the social services. The practical part of the dissertation consists of my own quantitative research. Described is methodology for data collection; in addition, the research set is characterized, and the research implementation description is given. Results of obtained data were processed in two chapters where structure of users of facilities as well as health care provided to the user was described in a statistical way using tables and graphs. Thereafter, discussion on results obtained was made. The research survey was performed in Senior House in Roudnice nad Labem (hereinafter referred to as "the facility") in November 2013, where data was collected for period from 18 to 24 November 2013. The facility provides social service of senior house and social service of a house with a special regime to its users. At the moment of the research, there were 129 users, of which 95 received health care from health care employees of the facility. Two hypotheses were defined for the dissertation. The hypothesis No. 1 is: The number of health care professionals in the residential facilities of the social services corresponds to time demands for health care indicated by a general practitioner. The hypothesis No. 2: Administration of medical therapy per os as indicated by a general practitioner is the most frequent health care service provided to the users of the residential facilities of the social services. The research confirmed both hypotheses. I can see importance of results of the dissertation particularly in that they outlined how the medical care in the residential facilities of the social services is currently provided. The processed results of the provided health care could then serve as one of the grounds in making a draft for transition of funding of the health care in the residential facilities of the social services from performance-based to flat-based model. The dissertation could also be used as the grounds for training of health care professionals of the residential facilities of the social services in the field of indication, provision, and reporting of health care provided to users of the residential facilities of the social services.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:48:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4941.pdf: 1384090 bytes, checksum: 7b886818454f2629b492c4a2b6c82df7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-07 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / One of the main challenges faced by Family Health Strategy to change the model of care is the lack of professionals trained to this role in SUS. The Permanent Health Education is a tool that can lead to qualification in health care and a new logic in the process of health work. In this context, the educational role of nurses is strengthened, and the identification Social Representations education that permeate their educational practices aiming changes or stays in health care become relevant. To Understand the Social Representation of Continuing Education of Health Family nurses; analyze how their educational action influence in work processes and identify strengths and weaknesses in the actions of these Nurses. Qualitative research through semi-structured interviews with nurses from the Family Health of small towns in the Heart Region of DRIII Araraquara - SP. After interviews transcription, the contents were analyzed by comparing the thematic category and lexical analysis by software ALCESTE by using the Permanent Health Education references, Work Process and Social Representations. Four categories were made: 1) Influence of Permanent Education in the work process where fragmentation and professional specialty remains the focus of educational activities; 2) The Centralization of nurses in the actions of Continuing Education in where this role have been seen in two ways, one group recognizes that this their role and others consider that it should be shared with the team; Different conceptions of Continuing Education where the education to update knowledge is hegemonic, showing some movements leading to a conception of education to change the work process, and 4) Difficulties in perfoming educational activities characterized by low motivation of the time and lack of time to carry out the activities. The Social Representation Continuing Education for this group is based in the notion of traditional education, although although it is possible identify some movements that approximate the logic of Permanent Health Education, which may lead to a transformation of the representation. / Um dos principais desafios enfrentados pela Estratégia Saúde da Família para mudança do modelo de atenção é a falta de profissionais com formação adequada para atuar no SUS. A Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS) se constitui uma ferramenta que pode levar à qualificação da atenção à saúde e à uma nova lógica no processo de trabalho em saúde. Neste contexto, a dimensão educativa do enfermeiro é reforçada, sendo relevante a identificação das Representações Sociais (RS) de educação que permeiam suas práticas educativas enquanto disparadoras de transformações ou permanências no cuidado à saúde. Objetivos: compreender as RS de Educação Permanente dos enfermeiros da Saúde da Família; analisar como suas ações educativas influenciam nos processos de trabalho e identificar potencialidades e fragilidades nas ações destes enfermeiros. A pesquisa qualitativa que realizou entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 24 enfermeiros da Saúde da Família dos municípios de pequeno porte da Região Coração da DRS III Araraquara SP. Após transcrição, os conteúdos foram analisados através da comparação das análises categorial temática e lexical pelo software ALCESTE, à luz dos referenciais da EPS, Processo de Trabalho e RS. Constituíram-se quatro categorias: 1) Influência da Educação Permanente no processo de trabalho em que a fragmentação e a especialidade profissional continuam sendo o foco das ações educativas; 2) Centralidade do enfermeiro nas ações de Educação Permanente em que esta função é vista de duas formas, um grupo reconhece que este é seu papel e outro que ela deveria ser compartilhada com a equipe; 3) Diferentes concepções de Educação Permanente em que a concepção de educação para atualização de conhecimentos é hegemônica, aparecendo alguns movimentos em direção à uma concepção de educação para mudança do processo de trabalho; e 4) Dificuldades na realização das ações educativas caracterizadas pela baixa de motivação da equipe e na falta de tempo para a realização das atividades. A RS de Educação Permanente para este grupo está ancorada na noção da educação tradicional, embora se identifique movimentos que se aproximam da lógica da EPS, que poderá levar a uma transformação da representação.

Bakgrund: Personer som brukar droger är en särskilt utsatt patientgrupp inom hälso- och sjukvården, bland annat på grund av stigmatisering och dåligt bemötande. Ett dåligt bemötande kan ge negativa konsekvenser för patientens behandling. Syfte: Att utforska faktorer som påverkar hur patienter med substansbrukssyndrom upplever bemötandet av hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal. Metod: Litteraturstudie med kvalitativa originalartiklar. Vid litteratursökning användes PubMed, PsycInfo, Scopus, ScienceDirect och CINAHL. Resultat: Ett personcentrerat förhållningssätt ger patienter en god upplevelse av bemötande, stigmatisering samt en brist på formell kompetens hos hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal ger en sämre upplevelse av bemötande. Slutsats: De faktorer som påverkar upplevelsen av bemötande är hur väl ett personcentrerat förhållningssätt utövades, om det förekommer stigmatiserande attityder och beteenden, samt sjuksköterskors formella kompetens inom substansbrukssyndrom. Personer med substansbrukssyndrom kan uppleva att hälso- och sjukvårdspersonals bemötande påverkar deras benägenhet att söka vård. Förbättring och utökning av utbildning inom substansbrukssyndrom och bemötande bör prioriteras inom hälso- och sjukvårdsutbildningar. / Introduction: People who use drugs are particularly vulnerable patients within health care, due to stigmatization and poor attitudes from healthcare professionals. Poor treatment can cause negative consequences for the patient’s overall health. Aim: To explore factors affecting how patients with substance use disorder experience treatment from healthcare professionals. Method: Literature review of qualitative studies. Data is collected from databases PubMed, PsycInfo, Scopus, ScienceDirect and CINAHL. Result: A person centered approach has a positive effect on the experience of treatment. Stigmatization and lack of formal competence are factors contributing to a negative experience of treatment from healthcare professionals. Conclusion: The factors contributing to the experience of treatment from healthcare professionals are if person centered care is applied, if stigmatizing behaviors and attitudes are present, and the formal nursing education levels related to substance use disorders. Individuals with substance use disorders may experience that treatment received by healthcare professionals affect their decision to seek care. Improvement and extension of nurse’s education related to substance use disorder and treatment within health care should be a priority.

Magister Scientiae (Physiotherapy) - MSc(Physio) / Low back pain (LBP) is a significant problem among the nursing population worldwide. Manual lifting and shifting of heavy objects and patients are primary contributing factors. Nurses are supposed to be knowledgeable about the risk factors and preventive measures and effectively apply it into practice to prevent them from sustaining back injuries. Strategies to reducing the incidences of LBP in nurses have been previously implemented but with little outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between occupational risk factors and the prevalence of LBP in nurses at MOI, Tanzania. Therefore, the study examined; the prevalence of LBP amongst nurses, work-related risk factors contributing to LBP, knowledge and effectiveness of back care techniques, and barriers to effective back care techniques in clinical nurses. / South Africa

The presented diploma thesis focuses on the identification of gender-based specifics in health care, specifically in the management of a health care institution as a caring institution. In the theoretical part, we defined feminism and feminist views, the concept of gender, medicine as a feminized environment, the legislative definition of work in health care in terms of management and, finally, stereotypes were defined. In the conducted qualitative research, we used unstructured interviews with health professionals (nurses and doctors) from the Czech and Slovak Republics, and we examined the gender-based specifics in health care. Research has shown that gender specificities in health care are emerging, in the areas of division of labor, impacts on job choices, equality and inequality, occupation of position and in provision of care. At the end of the thesis I presented recommendations for the use of management tools as a source of overcoming barriers to equality in the context of a caring institution. Key words Feminism, phenomenon of feminization, health care, woman, gender, caring institution, management, gender-based specifics, health care professional, nurse, doctor.