The relationship between nutrition and HIV is multifactorial. Nutrition counseling provided by a Registered Dietitian (RD) has the potential for improving disease risk outcomes for PLWH. To determine barriers to access nutritional counseling with an RD in PLWH, and evaluate the relationship of this counseling on dietary intake, nutritional status, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and HIV-disease outcomes. This is a cross-sectional study of a consecutive convenience sample of 130 PLWH on stable ART from the MASH cohort. After consenting, participants completed a survey on types and frequency of nutritional services received in the last 12 months, and on barriers to access these services. Participants were assigned to groups according to their responses. Demographics, anthropometries, dietary intake, medical history and laboratory information were obtained. The Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) scores were calculated after obtaining two 24-hour dietary recalls, and Nutribase and SPSS 20 were used for analyses. Mean age was 47.7 years, 62.0% were male and 77.0% were Black; 48% percent were seeing an RD, with 48.3% of those visiting an RD³4 times within the year. Frequently identified barriers to nutritional services were difficulty in keeping appointments (33.8%) location (24.6%) and lack of referrals (23.8%) by medical personnel. Lack of referral was associated with lower CD4 cell count (r=-0.2, P=0.029). Compared to those who did not visit an RD, participants who did had higher AHEI scores (34.7 vs. 29.2, P < 0.001), lower waist circumference (35.5 vs. 38.5 in., P=0.003), and BMI (26.0 vs. 28.8 kg/m2, P=0.019), with higher proportion of participants within the normal range of BMI (48% vs. 25%, P=0.017). The group consulting an RD had significantly lower risk factors for CVD, with better lipid profiles for all biomarkers, and lower waist circumference (35.5 vs. 38.5 inches, P = 0.003) and systolic blood pressure (114.8 vs. 127.9 mmHg, P < 0.001). Other CVD risk factors such as ART and substance abuse, common in this population, were not significantly different between the groups. Our findings suggest that consulting with an RD is associated with better nutritional status, dietary intake and lower risk factors for CVD.

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Objective: This study’s purpose was to examine dietary quality, macronutrient intake, and micronutrient adequacy among long term weight loss maintainers (WLM) in a commercial weight management program. Methods: Participants were 1,207 WLM in WW (formerly Weight Watchers) who had maintained a 9.1 kg or greater weight loss (29.7 kg on average) for 3.4 years, and had an average BMI of 28.3 kg/m2. A control group of weight stable adults with obesity (Controls; N=102) had a BMI of 41.1 kg/m2 and 2.3 kg or less weight change over the previous five years. Results: WLM vs. Controls had a 10.1 point higher HEI-2015 score (70.2 [69.7 - 70.7] vs 60.1 [58.4 - 61.8], respectively; p=0.0001) in analyses that adjusted for group difference in demographic factors. WLM versus Controls had a significantly higher average percentage of calories from carbohydrates (50.3% [49.7 - 50.8] vs 46.7% [44.8 - 48.7], respectively; p=0.0001) and protein (18.2% [18.0-18.5] vs 15.9% [15.1-16.6], respectively; p=0.0001) and lower percentage of calories from fat (32.3% [31.9-32.8] vs 37.4% [35.8-38.9], respectively; p=0.0001). Examining micronutrients, WLM had significantly higher odds for meeting the EAR for copper (OR=5.8 [2.6-13.1]; p=0.0001), magnesium (OR=2.9 [1.8-4.7]; p=0.0001), potassium (OR=4.7 [1.4-16.5]; p=0.015), vitamin A (OR=2.8 [1.7-4.8]; p=0.0001), thiamin (OR=2.3 [1.3-4.1]; p=0.003), riboflavin (OR=6.5 [2.2-19.3]; p=0.001), vitamin B6 (OR=2.91 [1.6-5.2]; p=0.0001), vitamin C (OR=5.0 [2.8-8.8]; p=0.0001), folate (OR=2.2 [1.3-3.7]; p=0.003), and vitamin E (OR=1.8 [1.1-2.8]; p=0.014) and didn’t differ in calcium (OR=1.15 [0.7-1.7]; p=0.823), iron (OR=1.9 [0.8-4.6]; p=0.151), phosphorus (OR=2.0 [0.9-4.5]; p=0.101), selenium (OR=1.6 [0.6-3.8]; p=0.332), zinc (OR=1.7 [0.9-3.0]; p=0.095), niacin (B3) (OR=1.9 [0.8-4.1]; p=0.136), vitamin B12 (OR=1.2 [0.5-2.8]; p=0.625), and vitamin D (OR=1.5 [0.9-2.4]; p=0.09). Conclusions In a widely available commercial program, WLM consumed a healthier and more micronutrient rich diet than adults who were weight stable with obesity. Future research is needed to examine whether improved micronutrient status among WLM reduces risk of chronic disease.

Body fat distribution has been identified as a more significant risk factor for metabolic-related diseases. This study investigated whether body fat distribution affects dietary outcomes (quality and intake), anthropometric measures, body composition, and skin carotenoid levels. A cross-sectional study with 91 female students was conducted. Thirty-one percent of participants (n=28) had an android body fat distribution. Body fat distribution was associated with WC and WHtR (p

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Yes / Background: National guidelines emphasize healthy eating to promote wellbeing and prevention of non-communicable diseases. The perceived healthiness of food is determined by many factors affecting food intake. A positive perception of healthy eating has been shown to be associated with greater diet quality. Internet-based methodologies allow contact with large populations. Our present study aims to design and a short nutritional perception questionnaire, to be used as a screening tool for assessing nutritional status, and to predict an optimal level of personalisation in nutritional advice delivered via the Internet. Methods: Data from all participants who were screened and then enrolled into the Food4Me proof-of-principle study (n=2369) were used to determine the optimal items for inclusion in a novel screening tool, the Nutritional Perception Screening Questionnaire-9 (NPSQ9). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed on anthropometric and biochemical data and on dietary indices acquired from participants who had completed the Food4Me dietary intervention (n=1153). Baseline and intervention data were analysed using linear regression and linear mixed regression, respectively. Results: A final model with 9 NPSQ items was validated against the dietary intervention data. NPSQ9 scores were inversely associated with BMI (β=-0.181, p<0.001) and waist circumference (Β=-0.155, p<0.001), and positively associated with total carotenoids (β=0.198, p<0.001), omega-3 fatty acid index (β=0.155, p<0.001), Healthy Eating Index (HEI) (β=0.299, p<0.001) and Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) (β=0. 279, p<0.001). Findings from the longitudinal intervention study showed a greater reduction in BMI and improved dietary indices among participants with lower NPSQ9 scores. Conclusions: Healthy eating perceptions and dietary habits captured by the NPSQ9 score, based on 9 questionnaire items, were associated with reduced body weight and improved diet quality. Likewise, participants with a lower score achieved greater health improvements than those with higher scores, in response to personalised advice, suggesting that NPSQ9 may be used for early evaluation of nutritional status and to tailor nutritional advice. / European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for 23 research, technological development and demonstration (grant agreement no. 265494). "la Caixa" Banking Foundation through a grant.

Yes / Purpose – Randomised controlled trials identify causal links between variables but not why an outcome has occurred. This analysis sought to determine how psychological factors assessed at baseline influenced response to personalised nutrition. Design/methodology/approach – Web-based, randomised, controlled trial (RCT) was conducted across seven European countries. Volunteers, both male and female, aged over 18 years were randomised to either a non-personalised (control) or a personalised (treatment) dietary advice condition. Linear mixed model analysis with fixed effects was used to compare associations between internal and external health locus of control (HLoC), nutrition self-efficacy (NS-E) and self-report habit index (S-RHI) at baseline (N 5 1444), with healthy eating index (HEI) and Mediterranean diet index (MDI) scores between conditions post-intervention (N 5 763). Findings – An increase in MDI scores was observed between baseline and six months in the treatment group which was associated with higher NS-E (p / EU FP7 Project “Personalised nutrition: an integrated analysis of opportunities and challenges” (Contract No. KBBE. 2010.2.3–02, Project No. 265494)

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Introdução: O comportamento adotado na adolescência é de extrema importância por ser esta uma fase da vida de aprendizagem e formação. Os costumes adquiridos neste estágio constituirão a base da prática alimentar no futuro. Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade da dieta e seus fatores associados em adolescentes residentes em regiões do Estado São Paulo. Métodos: Estudo transversal de base populacional de uma amostra de 1584 adolescentes, de ambos os sexos, com idade de 12 a 19 anos e 11 meses, incluídos no Inquérito de Saúde de São Paulo - ISA-SP, realizado em 2001-2002. Amostras probabilísticas em dois estágios, setor censitário e domicílio, foram tomadas de cada uma das quatro áreas estudadas (Distrito do Butantã, região sudoeste da grande São Paulo, municípios de Campinas e Botucatu). As informações sobre as características da população de estudo foram obtidas através de questionário e o consumo alimentar pelo Método Recordatório de 24 horas. A qualidade da dieta foi avaliada através do Índice de Qualidade da Dieta (IQD) adaptado para a realidade local. Foi utilizada análise de regressão linear para avaliar a relação entre o IQD e as variáveis independentes. Resultados: A média do IQD foi de 59,7 pontos. Da população estudada, 97,1% apresentou uma dieta inadequada ou que necessita de melhora, sendo que somente 2,9% dos adolescentes possuíam uma dieta considerada saudável de acordo com o IQD. Os valores médios dos componentes do IQD apresentaram-se mais baixos para frutas, leite e derivados e verduras e legumes. Os adolescentes do sexo masculino, praticantes de exercício físico e que residem em casa ou apartamento, apresentaram os maiores escores do IQD. Na análise de regressão linear múltipla, observou-se que quanto maior a idade, menor o IQD e que adolescentes residentes em casa ou apartamento têm um Índice de Qualidade da Dieta maior que os residentes em barraco ou cortiço, independente da idade e ingestão de energia. Conclusão: A qualidade da dieta está associada a melhores condições socioeconômicas e idade. Conhecendo esses fatores associados é possível adaptar políticas e programas de nutrição para atingir as necessidades desta população, prevenindo, principalmente, as doenças crônicas não transmissíveis na idade adulta. / Introduction: The behavior adopting on adolescence is of extreme importance to be a stage of life of learning and formation. The customs acquired in this stage will constitute the base for dietary behavior in the future.Objective: To evaluated the dietary quality and associated factors amog adolescents living in regions of the State of São Paulo.Methods: Cross-sectional population-based study with a sample of 1584 adolescents of both genders, at the age among 12 and 20 years, who were included in the Houschould Health Survey (ISA - SP), performed in 2001-2002. Probabilistic samples were obtained from multi-stage cluster samples (census tracts and homes) of four areas studied (Butantã District, Southwestern sector of the greater São Paulo region and municipality of Campinas and Botucatu). The data about population characteristics were obtained from questionary and the dietary intake by means of the 24- hour recall method. The dietary quality was measured by means of Health Eating Index (HEI), adapted to local realities. Linear regression analyses were performed to evaluated the relationship between HEI and independent variables.Results: Among the population assessed 97.1% presented a poor diet or a diet that needed of improvement and only 2.9% of adolescents had diet respected helthy agreed with the HEI. Average overall score was 59.7 points. Means scores for the index components were lower to fruits, dairy products and leaves and vegetables. Male adolescents, practitioners of physical exercise and residents of house or apartment, presented the major score of the HEI. In the multiple regression analyses, it was observed that the quality of the diet improve with decrease at the age and the adolescents lived in households or apartments have the major HEI than adolescents residents in shack or tenement slum, independent of the age and energy intake.Conclusion: The dietary quality is associated with higher income and age. Knowledge of these associated factors is possible to adapt politics and programs of nutrition to arrive the population´s needs, preventing , mostly, the chronic diseases no transmissible on adult age.