This mini-thesis serves as an introduction to the drawing up of a Cultural Resource Management (CRM) plan for Thulamela Heritage Site in the Kruger National Park. It is envisaged that this will be a strategy by which Thulamela heritage resources (including natural and cultural elements) will be identified, their significance assessed, and interpretations constructed to guide their conservation and presentation in a manner that is consistent with their availability for public appreciation or enjoyment. Thulamela Project involves the process of locating, assessing, and dealing appropriately with the Thulamela heritage resources which are represented by the physical manifestation of humanity’s interaction with the natural world around the site and surrounding landscape of Thulamela. This thesis will serve as a guideline towards designing a CRM plan for Thulamela Heritage Site that will be practical. Most of the issues here are management plan issues that the KNP should start implementing in order to preserve and conserve the site for future generations. This study is a result of fieldwork undertaken in the KNP. Problem areas and opportunities are identified. Goals and objectives of a Management Plan for Thulamela Heritage Site are identified and solutions are proposed. Three appendices have been added at the end of the thesis. These are additional recommendations that can be implemented concurrently with the implementation of the CRM plan. The additions are: - Professor Tom Huffman’s “Standard interpretation brochure”. This is a brochure that is intended to be used by Thulamela Tour Guides during trips. It emerged as a result of differing information from different tour guides at Thulamela. The brochure that is attached herewith is still a draft. It will have to be perused and approved by the Thulamela Heritage Site Board of Trustees. - The “Suggested excursion plan or booking system” for Thulamela. This is designed inrder to allow a free flow of tourists to the site. - Of most importance is the “Proposed heritage agreement” to be reached between the South African National Parks (SANP) and Thulamela Board of Trustees. Other members may be added in the process, depending on the agreement between the two most important key stakeholders. The KNP is encouraged to evaluate the thesis and decide which issues are to be dealt with as a priority. The author strongly believes that the implementation of some of the proposals as outlined in this thesis will add value to the preservation and conservation of Thulamela Heritage Site. The thesis will also be helpful to the assessment and management of other heritage sites within the KNP and SANP in general. The document gives the Social Ecology (SE) department the option to utilize the document as it is or to expand it if necessary. / Dissertation (MA (Heritage and Museum Studies))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Historical and Heritage Studies / unrestricted

No description available.

A symbolic landscape of Morocco is the square Jemaa el-Fna, in the Medina of Marrakech, listed as one of UNESCO’s World Heritage Sites. Jemaa el-Fna square welcomes thousands of tourists each day, and the tourism industry is the second largest contributor to Morocco's GDP. However, the square currently faces serious threats due to urbanization and intensive tourism.This study aims to uncover the interconnections and tensions between cultural heritage and tourism, centering on Jemaa el-Fna square. Through an observational study, interviews with tourist operators and a survey for visitors, the study can reveal that tourism leads to commercialization and an overdependence on the tourism industry. The study demonstrates how institutional initiatives aim to preserve Medina's traditional and cultural aspects and thus are involved in shaping how heritage is created and maintained. The study concludes that the relationship between cultural heritage and tourism is indeed an intricate relationship. The tensions in the relationship expresses itself in the overdependence of tourism, the commercialisation of heritage and the power imbalance that has impacted the site historically and in the present. Meanwhile, the heritage tourism at the site seems to be an active process with tourists being involved in the cultural heritage they observe and engage in, making them a part in shaping the Moroccan heritage at present.

The settlement history of the Vredefort Dome can be described as a process of cultural development. The Vaal River hydrosphere, which was for many years a prestigious settlement site, initially attracted large scale game and later livestock farmers. The drifts were a central part of a network of early strategic communication routes and outspans. From 1838, pioneer settlement, farm occupation and agricultural development followed, and the area eventually entered an agriculture-mining era. Gold-mining stimulated the regional economy and also played a significant role in the development of towns in the area. The Vaal River did not play a significant role from a mining perspective, but featured more prominently in the development of villages and, in a sense, served as a political boundary. The location of the water source often determined where people settled permanently. It also decided the position of the house and yard. From the outset, riparian dwellers attempted to manipulate the flow of the river by creating dams and utilising water for irrigation and domestic purposes. Drought conditions also left historical traces; water management projects upstream transformed the Vaal River into a steadily flowing stream, which led to the economic and cultural segregation of north and south. Man's fear associated with drought (too little water), floods (too much water), meteorology (the necessity of water), and the role of the supernatural (divining water) and superstition (the water snake stories) were expressed in the interaction between people and this water environment. A wide variety of people with distinct cultures lived alongside each other in the area. Western and African cultural goods, as well as customs and beliefs, were mutually adopted by these different cultural groups as a result of this contact. The way land has been used in the Dome area has evolved over the years. The culling of game made way for the permanent establishment of the livestocktravelling farmer. Hereafter prolonged drought conditions destroyed pastures and, consequently, large areas of land were ploughed for agricultural use. Agriculture, which is more labour intensive and needs more water for irrigation, was replaced by game farming, which is less labour intensive and requires less water This world heritage site has drawn global interest and ecotourism has attracted visitors to the Vaal River area. The riparian dwellers, however, remain victims of up-stream industrial and sewage pollution; in future, they are likely to fall prey to acid mine water pollution, with disastrous consequences. / PhD (History), North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2013

The settlement history of the Vredefort Dome can be described as a process of cultural development. The Vaal River hydrosphere, which was for many years a prestigious settlement site, initially attracted large scale game and later livestock farmers. The drifts were a central part of a network of early strategic communication routes and outspans. From 1838, pioneer settlement, farm occupation and agricultural development followed, and the area eventually entered an agriculture-mining era. Gold-mining stimulated the regional economy and also played a significant role in the development of towns in the area. The Vaal River did not play a significant role from a mining perspective, but featured more prominently in the development of villages and, in a sense, served as a political boundary. The location of the water source often determined where people settled permanently. It also decided the position of the house and yard. From the outset, riparian dwellers attempted to manipulate the flow of the river by creating dams and utilising water for irrigation and domestic purposes. Drought conditions also left historical traces; water management projects upstream transformed the Vaal River into a steadily flowing stream, which led to the economic and cultural segregation of north and south. Man's fear associated with drought (too little water), floods (too much water), meteorology (the necessity of water), and the role of the supernatural (divining water) and superstition (the water snake stories) were expressed in the interaction between people and this water environment. A wide variety of people with distinct cultures lived alongside each other in the area. Western and African cultural goods, as well as customs and beliefs, were mutually adopted by these different cultural groups as a result of this contact. The way land has been used in the Dome area has evolved over the years. The culling of game made way for the permanent establishment of the livestocktravelling farmer. Hereafter prolonged drought conditions destroyed pastures and, consequently, large areas of land were ploughed for agricultural use. Agriculture, which is more labour intensive and needs more water for irrigation, was replaced by game farming, which is less labour intensive and requires less water This world heritage site has drawn global interest and ecotourism has attracted visitors to the Vaal River area. The riparian dwellers, however, remain victims of up-stream industrial and sewage pollution; in future, they are likely to fall prey to acid mine water pollution, with disastrous consequences. / PhD (History), North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2013

M.Sc. / The grassland biome of South Africa harbours rich ecosystem diversity. Some of the distinctive features of grassland biodiversity in South Africa include globally significant centres of plant endemism, half of the country's endemic mammal species, a third of its endangered butterfly species and 10 of 14 of its globally threatened bird species. Grassland is one of the most inadequately maintained biomes in Southern Africa because 23% is under cultivation, 60% is irreversibly transformed and most of the remaining natural area is used as rangeland for livestock. Only 2% of the grassland biome is currently protected. Grasslands provide essential ecosystem services for economic development, but this biome also supports a large human population whose resource demands have serious environmental implications that threaten the grasslands‘ biodiversity. Urbanisation is possibly one of the major immediate threats to the grassland ecology in South Africa. This is also the case in the Cradle of Humankind World Heritage Site (COHWHS) and adjacent areas. New housing complexes and informal housing are encroaching on the COHWHS. Indigenous fauna and flora are being affected by ecologically insensitive urban development. This poses a major threat to the fauna of this region including the insects that occur in grassland habitats. The insects play a vital role as pollinators in grassland habitats and form an essential food source to a range of predators, including grass owls, shrews, bull frogs, lizards and bats. In order to conserve the insects and therefore the food web of which they form part, it is necessary to understand the diversity of the insects in the grassland in the dolomitic areas. The COHWHS is a world renowned heritage site devoted to the origin of humankind and is characterised by dolomitic caves. These caves are also the home of a large population of bats consisting of several species. The negative impact on the grasslands in the COHWHS and surroundings pose a threat to the survival of these bat populations if the food source they depend on is negatively affected. For this reason it is important to determine which flying nocturnal insect species are available in the grasslands surrounding bat roosts in the COHWHS and surroundings. 3 The choice of location for the primary trap site was made on the basis of its proximity to known bat roosts and the fact that it is situated in a nature reserve that, although the river is polluted, contains an otherwise relatively unspoilt grassland habitat. Sampling took place over a period of 14 months during which fluctuations in the insect population was observed. The fluctuations can be ascribed to seasonal climate changes and the three veld fires that occurred during this period. This fluctuation was most evident in the representatives of the Orders Lepidoptera and Coleoptera sampled.

Bam Citadel is a unique complex with some mediocre buildings in it. Construction started in the Achaemenid period (550–330 BC) and is still being completed and repaired up to the 21st century. Although the Bam region is located in south-western Iran in an active seismic zone, the City of Bam had not reported any major historical earthquake before 26th Dec. 2003. The massive earthquake that day killed or injured more than 37,000 people and most of the city collapsed. Bam Citadel became a unique adobe complex for the World Heritage community after this disaster. According to the surveys, the earthquake caused damage to about 23% of the ancient monuments close to and inside the Citadel. Most of the ruins were the parts that already added to the main body of work or were repaired during the last intervention of 1993. For this reason the technical method, used for the enhancing of the adobe building, is highlighted as the main task. There are four items which are very important for any seismic upgrading in heritage sites: seismology of the area, quality of the construction, function of the building and cultural values. A wide variety of intervention strategies and techniques have been considered for the repair and the seismic retrofitting of the adobe buildings in the Citadel. With respect to that point, the possible relationship between the cultural values and seismic upgrading are always polar opposites. Obviously the buildings in Bam Citadel have many problems, for example the geometry data are not available, there are large variability layers, construction sequence is unknown, existing damage in the structures is very serious, regulation and codes are non-applicable and so on. In fact in this research I am trying to adjust the stability and safety measures with values of the cultural heritage property as much as possible; on the other hand I am trying to optimize the strengthening methods to an acceptable amount of side affect on values. This PhD thesis focuses on the strategies and the techniques that have been applied to preserve the historical monuments and to evaluate the traditional and modern engineering methods that are used in conservation projects in Bam Citadel.

Магистерская диссертация состоит из введения, трех глав, заключения, списка литературы и приложений. В работе рассмотрены теоретико-прикладные аспекты ревитализации промышленных территорий в России и в зарубежных странах. Проведены территориально-практические исследования процессов редевелопмента промышленных территорий, изучены и сравнены между собой различные методики девелопмента, механизм государственно-частного партнерства, разработано финансово-экономическое обоснование девелоперского проекта по ревитализации промышленной территории в социальную инфраструктуру в Екатеринбурге. В результате работы рассчитаны показатели экономической эффективности проекта, отображены основные выводы исследования. / The master's thesis consists of an introduction, three chapters, a conclusion, a list of references and appendices. The paper considers theoretical and applied aspects of the revitalization of industrial territories in Russia and in foreign countries. Territorial and practical studies of the processes of redevelopment of industrial territories were carried out, various methods of development, the mechanism of public-private partnership were studied and compared with each other, a financial and economic justification of a development project for the revitalization of an industrial territory into a social infrastructure in Yekaterinburg was developed. As a result of the work, the indicators of the economic efficiency of the project are calculated, the main conclusions of the study are displayed.

Freshwater resources play an important role in the integrity of natural ecosystems as well as livelihoods of communities. However, South Africa has limited freshwater resources and many of this country’s inland water streams are polluted as a result of human activities. Various legislations such as the National Water Act (Act No. 36 of 1998) were promulgated in order to address the issue of sustainable management of these resources. In this study, the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) model was applied to determine water quality challenges and threats in and around the Mapungubwe National Park and Heritage Site (MNPHS). This study area was declared as a heritage site by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) and is also a national park. Several research objectives were formulated and various methodologies were used to address the research aim. In determining land uses around the study area, site visits, visual inspections, literature reviews as well as the analysis of the national land use data were undertaken. Various land uses that have potential to negatively impact water quality were identified. In order to determine the status of water quality in the study area, water samples were analysed in-situ and in the laboratory. The results obtained showed that water quality was generally compliant with a few exceptions. For example, the concentrations of nitrates, microbes, and few metals such as mercury and beryllium were not complying with water quality guidelines and standards. Finally, in formulating the DPSIR framework for the MNPHS, a participatory approach was used where stakeholders were interviewed by means of a questionnaire. One of the most salient finding of the DPSIR modelling in this study was institutional weaknesses associated with the poor implementation of existing water related laws and regulations. The study also highlighted a few recommendations for further action and research. / Environmental Sciences / M.Sc. (Environmental Management)

Die Energiewende verändert unsere Landschaft sichtbar, wobei die Auswirkungen der Windenergie unter dem Motto „Verspargelung des Landschaftsbildes“ in gesellschaftlicher Kritik stehen. Sind Windenergieanlagen (WEA) im Umfeld von Denkmalen oder historischen Kulturlandschaften geplant, kann dies zu Interessenskonflikten auf der Ebene der Raumplanung führen. An Brisanz gewinnen diese Konflikte, wenn die geplante Errichtung von WEA zur Gefährdung einer UNESCO-Welterbestätte führt, dies belegt die steigende Anzahl von Auseinandersetzungen in Deutschland sowie im europäischen Ausland in den letzten Jahren. Mit der Bewerbung der Montanen Kulturlandschaft Erzgebirge/Krušnohoří (MKE) zum UNESCO-Weltkulturerbe könnte ein solcher Interessenskonflikt auch im Freistaat Sachsen entstehen. Aufgabe der wissenschaftlichen Arbeit war es auf Basis eines eigens entwickelten Bewertungsverfahren, das Beeinträchtigungspotenzial geplanter WEA mit Hilfe von GIS (Geoinformationssystem)-gestützten Sichtbarkeitsbarkeitsberechnungen im Umfeld der MKE zu untersuchen. Das zu entwickelnde Bewertungsverfahren soll zukünftig der Regionalplanung als operatives Werkzeug im Planungsprozess von WEA zur Verfügung stehen. Die Untersuchungen zeigten, dass ausgehend von den gegenwärtigen Planungen keine akute Gefährdung für die MKE besteht, es jedoch WEA mit einem geringen beziehungsweise mittleren Beeinträchtigungspotenzial für die MKE gibt, welches im Anschluss an diese wissenschaftliche Arbeit in Einzelfallentscheidungen weiterführend untersucht werden sollte.:1. Problemstellung, Zielsetzung und methodischer Aufbau der wissenschaftlichen Arbeit 11 1.1. Thematischer Hintergrund und Ausgangssituation 11 1.2. Problemstellung, Forschungsstand und Zielsetzung 16 1.3. Aufbau der Arbeit und methodisches Vorgehen 24 2. Mehr Raum für Windenergieanlagen - rechtlich planerischer Rahmen zum Ausbau der Windenergie 26 2.1. Die erneuerbaren Energien in der europäischen Politik 26 2.2. Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz, Ziele der Raumordnung und Privilegierung der Windenergie im Außenbereich 26 2.3. Konzentrationsplanung von Windenergieanlagen durch Regionalplanung 33 2.4. Ziele des Freistaates Sachsen für den Ausbau der Windenergie – Planungen zur Windenergienutzung in der Region Chemnitz 35 2.5. Resümee zu den rechtlich-planerischen Grundlagen für den Ausbau Windenergie 38 3. Die Kulturlandschaft und das Denkmal als internationale und nationale Schutzgüter sowie deren raumplanerische Berücksichtigung 40 3.1. Geschichtliche und inhaltliche Annäherung an die Begriffe Landschaft - Kulturlandschaft - historische Kulturlandschaft 41 3.1.1. Der Landschaftsbegriff 43 3.1.2. Der Kulturlandschaftsbegriff 47 3.1.3. Eingrenzung des Begriffes Kulturlandschaft zur historischen Kulturlandschaft 50 3.2. Die Kulturlandschaft als Schutzgut auf internationaler Ebene 51 3.2.1. Idee der UNESCO Welterbekonvention, Organisation und Richtlinien 51 3.2.2. Schutzgut, Authentizität, visuelle Integrität und Schutzzonen im Welterbekontext 54 3.2.3. Die Kulturlandschaft als Welterbestätte 57 3.3. Die Kulturlandschaft als Schutzgut auf europäischer Ebene 59 3.3.1. Europäisches Raumentwicklungskonzept (EUREK) 59 3.3.2. Europäische Landschaftskonvention (ELC) 60 3.4. Die Kulturlandschaft und das Denkmal als Schutzgüter auf nationaler Ebene 61 3.4.1. Raumordnungsgesetz (ROG) 61 3.4.2. Bundesnaturschutzgesetz (BNatSchG) 62 3.4.3. Umweltverträglichkeitsprüfung (UVP) 63 3.4.4. Baugesetzbuch (BauGB) 64 3.5. Denkmalschutz ist Ländersache - Der raumplanerische Umgang mit Denkmälern auf der Ebene der Bundesländer 66 3.5.1. Die Denkmalschutzgesetze der Länder im Vergleich 67 3.5.2. Die Anwendung des Denkmalschutzes – Gibt es einen effektiven Umgebungsschutz für Denkmäler gegenüber Windenergieanlagen? 75 3.6. Resümee zur Kulturlandschaft und dem Denkmal als Schutzgüter und deren raumplanerische Berücksichtigung 77 4. Landschaft im Wandel - Erfolgt der Ausbau der Windenergie im Zuge der Energiewende auf Kosten der Landschaft? 83 4.1. Windenergie im gesellschaftlichen Kontext - vom „Selbstbau-Windrad“ zur Großtechnologie 84 4.1.1. Windenergieanlagen als Alternative für die kommerzielle Stromerzeugung 86 4.1.2. Vom Alternativmodell zum Industriezweig 87 4.1.3. „NIMBY!” 92 4.2. Die Auswirkungen von Windenergieanlagen auf Kulturlandschaften und Denkmäler 96 4.2.1. Der Veränderungsdruck auf das Landschaftsbild im Zuge des Ausbaues der Windenergie und die Rolle des Denkmalschutzes 97 4.2.2. Der Visual Impact von Windenergieanlagen 99 4.2.3. Exkurs – die Auswirkungen von Windenergieanlagen auf dem rechtlichen Prüfstand 105 4.3. Der Ausbau der Windenergie - neue Raumfragen und Herausforderungen für Raum- und Regionalplanung 108 4.3.1. Tradierte Landschaftsbilder und neue Ansätze in der Landschaftsforschung 109 4.3.2. Die Rolle der Raum– und Regionalplanung beim Ausbau der Windenergie 114 4.3.3. Möglichkeiten der Raum- und Regionalplanung für eine sensible Standortplanung von Windenergieanlagen 116 4.4. Resümee zum Landschaftswandel als Folge des Ausbaus der Windenergie 123 5. GIS-gestützte Anwendungen zur Planung und Folgeabschätzung von Windenergieanlagen 128 5.1. Entwicklung von GIS und deren Einsatzgebiete in der Raumforschung und den Geschichtswissenschaften 129 5.2. Methodische Ansätze zur GIS-gestützten Standortplanung von Windenergieanlagen 132 5.3. Die Bewertung des Landschaftsbildes mit Hilfe von GIS 134 5.4. GIS-basierte Ansätze zur Bestimmung des Visual Impacts von Windenergieanlagen 137 5.5. Sichtbarkeitsstudien als Anwendungsbeispiele für die GIS-gestützte Bestimmung des Visual Impacts von Windenergieanlagen 141 5.5.1. Windenergiestudie – Analyse der Landschaftsverträglichkeit 141 5.5.2. Sichtachsenstudie – Windkraft und UNESCO-Welterbe Oberes Mittelrheintal 143 5.5.3. Unabhängiges Gutachten zur Welterbeverträglichkeit geplanter Windkraftanlagen in Wiesbaden 149 5.5.4. Gutachterliche Einschätzung der Auswirkungen des geplanten Windparks Beverungen-Twerberg auf das Weltkulturerbe „Karolingisches Westwerk und Civitas Corvey“ 152 5.6. Resümee zur Anwendung von GIS-gestützten Bewertungsverfahren bei der Planung von Windenergieanlagen und Folgeabschätzung für das Landschaftsbild 156 6. Das Konfliktpotenzial von Windenergieanlagen im Umfeld von UNESCO-Welterbestätten in Deutschland 161 6.1. Das Obere Mittelrheintal und der Konflikt mit der Windenergie 162 6.2. Die Wartburg und der Streit um Windenergieanlagen auf dem Milmesberg 170 6.3. Weiterführende Beispiele zu Windenergieplanungen im Umfeld von UNESCO-Welterbestätten in Deutschland 174 6.4. Resümee zum Konfliktpotenzial von Windenergieanlagen im Umfeld von UNESCO-Welterbestätten in Deutschland 180 7. Beurteilung des möglichen Beeinträchtigungs-potenzials von Windenergieplanungen auf die visuelle Integrität der Montanen Kulturlandschaft Erzgebirge/Krušnohoří 183 7.1. Ausgangssituation – Kurzbeschreibung der Montanen Kulturlandschaft Erzgebirge/Krušnohoří und des Regionalen Windenergiekonzeptes des Planungsverbandes Region Chemnitz 183 7.2. Herangehensweise und Kurzdarstellung der Verfahrensschritte 191 7.3. Chronologie der Untersuchungsmethodik 196 7.4. Untersuchungsmethodik 197 7.4.1. Abgrenzung des Untersuchungsraumes 197 7.4.1.1. Festlegung der theoretisch maximalen Sichtweite für Windenergieanlagen im spezifischen Untersuchungsraum 198 7.4.1.2. Differenzierung der theoretisch maximalen Sichtweite für Windenergieanlagen in verschiedene Entfernungsbereiche 199 7.4.2. Konkretisierung der zu untersuchenden Objekte 201 7.4.3. Differenzierung der Bestandteile der MKE in zwei Klassen 205 7.4.3.1. Historische Sichtachsen der MKE 206 7.4.3.2. Bestandteile der MKE mit historischen Sichtachsen 211 7.4.3.3. Bestandteile der MKE ohne historische Sichtachsen 212 7.4.4. Erfassung aller in Frage kommenden Sichtbeziehungen zwischen den Bestandteilen der MKE und bestehenden WEA im Untersuchungsraum 213 7.4.4.1. Datengrundlagen 213 7.4.4.2. Entfernungspufferanalyse 219 7.4.4.3. Verlängerter historischer Sichtachsenkorridor 220 7.4.4.4. Sichtbarkeitsanalyse der bestehenden WEA 223 7.4.4.5. Muster zur Erfassung der theoretisch berechneten Sichtbeziehungen mit Erläuterungen 226 7.4.4.6. Exemplarische Auflistung der theoretisch berechneten Sichtbeziehungen der Bestandteile des Elementes 4 der MKE zu bestehenden WEA 227 7.4.4.7. Statistische Auswertung der theoretisch berechneten Sichtbeziehungen zwischen den Bestandteilen der MKE und bestehenden WEA im Untersuchungsraum 229 7.4.4.8. Zusammenfassende Darstellung der statistischen Auswertung von theoretisch berechneten Sichtbeziehungen zwischen den Bestandteilen der MKE und bestehenden WEA im Untersuchungsraum 241 7.4.5. Die Landschaftsprägende Wirkung der Bestandteile der MKE als Bewertungsparameter 244 7.4.5.1. Kriterium: Höhendimension 245 7.4.5.2. Kriterium: Räumliche-Ausdehnung 246 7.4.5.3. Kriterium: Historische Sichtachsen 246 7.4.5.4. Kriterium: Die Bedeutung der Bestandteile für den außergewöhnlichen universellen Wert (OUV) der MKE (Einbeziehung der Welterbekriterien) 247 7.4.5.5. Kriterium: Sichtbeziehungen zu bestehenden WEA 248 7.4.5.6. Modell zur Ermittlung der LPW der Bestandteile der MKE 249 7.4.5.7. Ermittlung der LPW der Bestandteile der MKE 251 7.4.5.8. Bestimmung der Empfindlichkeit der Bestandteile der MKE gegenüber Sichtbeziehungen zu WEA 253 7.4.5.9. Statistische Auswertung zur Empfindlichkeit der Bestandteile der MKE gegenüber Sichtbeziehungen zu WEA 254 7.4.6. Erfassung aller in Frage kommenden Sichtbeziehungen zwischen den Bestandteilen der MKE und den potenziell geplanten WEA in den VREG im Untersuchungsraum 256 7.4.6.1. Datengrundlagen und weitere Vorgehensweise 256 7.4.6.2. Aufarbeitung der Daten und verwendete GIS-Operationen 257 7.4.6.3. Exemplarische Auflistung der theoretisch berechneten Sichtbeziehungen der Bestandteile des Elementes 4 der MKE zu potenziell geplanten WEA in den VREG 259 7.4.6.4. Statistische Auswertung der theoretisch berechneten Sichtbeziehungen zwischen den Bestandteilen der MKE und den potenziell geplanten WEA in den VREG im Untersuchungsraum 262 7.4.6.5. Zusammenfassende Darstellung der statistischen Auswertung von theoretisch berechneten Sichtbeziehungen zwischen den Bestandteilen der MKE und den potenziell geplanten WEA in den VREG 275 7.4.6.6. Vergleichende Auswertung der Ergebnisse der Sichtbarkeitsanalysen zu den bestehenden und potenziell geplanten WEA im Umfeld der Bestandteile der MKE 278 7.5. Entwicklung der Handlungsempfehlungs-MATRIX 282 7.5.1. Beurteilungskriterien 282 7.5.2. Handlungsempfehlungs-Matrix 286 7.5.3. Handlungsempfehlungen zur Abschätzung des Konfliktpotenzials geplanter WEA 286 7.6. Anwendung der Handlungsempfehlungs-Matrix: Ermittlung des möglichen Beeinträchtigungspotenzials geplanter WEA auf den kulturhistorischen- und landschaftsprägenden Wert der MKE 290 7.6.1. Bestimmung der Handlungsempfehlung für die einzelnen Bestandteile der MKE 291 7.6.2. Statistische Auswertung der Handlungsempfehlungen 297 7.7. Weiteres Vorgehen für die Einzelfallentscheidungen 298 7.7.1. Empfehlungen für mögliche von Schutzzonen sowie Höhenbeschränkungen für WEA 299 7.7.2. Spezifische Auswertung – Schutzzonen und Höhenbeschränkungen für einzelne VREG 302 7.7.3. Interaktive 3D-Visualisierungen der potenziell geplanten Windenergieanlagen zur Unterstützung der Einzelfallentscheidungen für die VREG 307 7.7.4. Pilotversuch LASIM 309 8. Zusammenfassung und weiterer Ausblick 313 9. Quellenverzeichnis 329 Literaturverzeichnis 329 Abbildungsverzeichnis 344 Tabellenverzeichnis 346 Anhang 348