ABSTRACT This is a concerted effort at understanding the contemporary utopian processes and systems of the formation and spatial narratives of the people it is designed for. Locality and nostalgia is the essence of the times we live in. There is currently a global refuge crisis which is defined and can be contained within each countries borders as well as external forces that disrupt the ‘contemporary utopia’s’ of the times. Man is conditioned from early life to be fascinated by the longing of a place to dwell. Safety and familiarity of place is an important state of where people choose to dwell. Dwelling is also a proponent of opportunity where local migrants and immigrants to the environment with limited resources such as South Africa. According to the UNHCR, it was determined that in 2015, South Africa received 62 159 asylum claims. A total of this, 2,499 were approved for refugee status while 58,141 were denied, suggesting that all the applications in the 2015 period were dealt with. However, 14,093 were appealed, and of these 12,361 remained open into 2016 (Africa Check, 2016). The conditions of these new city dwellers is threatened by a new spatial continuum of land restitution and/or transformation, very bureaucratic legal process, resource accessibility and inclusivity. There is an inherent lack of spaces of community building within the Pretoria CBD, with most space succumbing to decay, a sustained urban sprawl, monofunctional territories, and nucleated densities. New migrants into the city struggle to find formal and informal opportunities and resources for ‘urban survival-ism’. These conditions are ones that have ruinous affects on the cities utopian public spaces that mostly are stuck in the spatial utilitarianism of the time of production. The dissertation Real and Re-imagined Spaces as Contemporary Utopia’s looks to reevaluate the current conditions of the city that manufacture a hostile urban context and subsequently ‘agonistic’ people without spaces to commune. The urban condition is territorial, consumed by a fence fetish, entrapped by different spatial and architectural utopias and ruins. The presence of ruins is evidenced by a preoccupation with ‘Heritage’ architecture and landscapes. These leftover spaces and heritage provide 1 opportunities to have new layers of memory and legacy that is conscious to erasure, space-making, man and the environment, and the trappings of time. / UKUQALA Lena umzamo ohlanganyelwe ekuqondeni izinqubo zezinsuku zokuphila zangasese kanye nezinhlelo zokwakheka nezindatshana zendawo zabantu ezenzelwe. Indawo kanye ne-nostalgia yizona zinkinga zezikhathi esiphila kuzo. Njengamanje isiphephelo sezokuphepha emhlabeni jikelele esichazwe futhi singatholakala ngaphakathi kwamanye amazwe omngcele kanye namandla angaphandle aphazamisa ‘ubuholi besikhathi samanje’ ngezikhathi. Umuntu uphonywe kusukela ebusweni bokuqala ukuze athabe ukulangazelela indawo yokuhlala. Ukuphepha nokujwayela indawo kuyindawo ebalulekile lapho abantu bakhetha ukuhlala khona. Ukuhlala kubuye kube ngumgqugquzeli wamathuba lapho abafuduka khona kanye nabafuduki bezemvelo abanemithombo encane njengeNingizimu Afrika. Ngokwe-United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (okubizwa ngokuthi i-UNHCR kusuka lapha), kwaqunywa ukuthi ngo-2015, iNingizimu Afrika ithole izimangalo ezingu-62 159 zokukhoseliswa. Okubonke lokhu, abangu-2,499 bavunyelwe ukuba babe ngababaleki ngenkathi kuthiwa abangu-58 141 banqatshelwe, okuphakamisa ukuthi zonke izicelo ngonyaka wezi-2015 zibhekwa nazo. Kodwa-ke, abangu-14,093 babethweswa icala, futhi kulaba abangu-12 361 bahlala bevulekile ngo-2016 (i-Africa Check, 2016). Izimo zalaba bantu abahlala emadolobheni amasha zisongelwa ukuqhubeka kwendawo yokubuyisela umhlaba kanye / noma ukuguqulwa, inqubo yomthetho enobulungisa, ukutholakala kwemithombo kanye nokuhlanganiswa. Kukhona ukungabi nalutho kwezikhala zomsebenzi womphakathi ngaphakathi kwePitoli Central Business District (CBD kusuka lapha), iningi lendawo ehluleka ukubola, izindawo ezihlala emadolobheni, izindawo zokusebenza, kanye nezinkinga ezingasebenzi. Abafuduki abasha bangena emzabalazweni womuzi ukuthola amathuba asemthethweni namasosha ‘okusinda emadolobheni-ism’. Lezi zimo yizona ezithintekayo emadolobheni ezindaweni ezingekho emphakathini ezivame ukunamathela emphakathini wesikhathi sokukhiqiza. I-dissertation Real and Re-imagined Spaces njengobukeka be-Contemporary Utopia ukuhlola kabusha izimo zamanje zomuzi ezakha umongo wendawo edolobheni kanye nabantu abangenayo i-agonistic ngaphandle kwezikhala zokuxhumana. Isimo sasezindaweni zasemadolobheni siyindawo, sidliwa izinkinga zokubiya mawala, siboshwe yizindawo ezihlukahlukene kanye nezindawo zokuchitha izindawo. Ukutholakala kwamanxiwa kuboniswa ukukhathazeka ngezakhiwo ‘zeGugu’ nezindwangu. Lezi zikhala kanye namagugu asele ahlinzeka amathuba okuba nemigqa emisha yememori kanye nefa eliqaphela ukukhipha, ukwenza isikhala, umuntu kanye nemvelo, kanye nokuhamba kwesikhathi. / Mini Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2018. / Architecture / MArch(Prof) / Unrestricted

This study seeks to examine and trace the notion of state prioritisation of heritage in relation to state intervention through political, policy and governance regimes in heritage management in South Africa. The study covers key highlights in the evolution of heritage management and developments through specific epochs and contexts such as the colonial, apartheid and post-colonial South Africa. Drawing on theories such as 'governmentality' and 'authorised heritage discourse' the study provides a perspective on the extent of state influence and dominance in the formalisation of heritage management through policy, legal instruments and governance processes. Using the National Liberation Heritage Route project in South Africa as a case study, the research illustrates the notion of state prioritisation of heritage in relation to the deployment and mobilisation of state resources (policy, legal instruments and material resources) in heritage management to support a select past as 'official' heritage of the nation state. The politics of transforming the heritage landscape in post-1994 South Africa witnessed the emergence of the idea of state prioritisation of the liberation heritage as a site for restorative justice particularly to honour and recognize the legacy of the political struggles for freedom against colonialism and apartheid. Conversely, the framing of the liberation heritage also demonstrates political uses of heritage at expedient moments to achieve political goals by the regime in power and state control. While normative approaches to heritage management tend to emphasise the disjuncture between colonial and post-colonial periods, the results of this study confirm strong ties to colonial and European influences across these categories. The findings outline the complexity of state intervention and its inherent biases that inform the governance of heritage. In this light the study contributes to ongoing research on the discourse of evaluating the global, local, and transnational dimensions of heritage management and practices, in relation to the problematics of heritage as mainly a product of state authority and political power.

This dissertation investigates the role of architecture in the conservation of intangible heritage with specific reference to the ‘Marabi’ culture, a vibrant township culture unique to Marabastad in the North West of Pretoria which played a formative role in the development of South African popular culture from as early as the 1930’s. Due to the relocation of its citizens, the demolition of the Royal Theatre (together with the decommissioning of the Empire and Orient theatres) and the increasing effects of global cultural homogenization Marabastad has become dislocated from its cultural heritage. The principle aim of the dissertation is to re-introduce aspects of Marabastad’s cultural heritage within it’s current context. The proposal intends to revive historical cultural practices by re-establishing the physical loci that once hosted them, which in the context of Marabastad, are the The Royal, Empire and Orient theatres. The proposed intervention focuses specifically on the site of the Royal Theatre which was demolished in 1967. The project aims to (re)introduce a multi-form theatre on the site which will once again facilitate the cultural practices unique to the Marabi culture. The architectural response is informed primarily by the following: 1. The historical function of the ‘Marabi’ theatre as a multi-use, adaptable space that had to accommodate a variety of functions such as town hall, cinema, school, church hall, events venue, dancehall and theatre. 2. An analysis of the existing historical built fabric of Marabastad (which reveals a complex layering of thresholds). 3. Programmatic requirements: Multi-form theatre with shebeen, informal restaurant, recording studio and artist accommodation. 4. Amalgamation of performance space with public space within a historical meaning framework. 5. Response to contextual conditions, both current and proposed in the 2002 Aziz Tayob Meyer Pienaar Integrated Spacial Design Framework. / Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Architecture / unrestricted

No description available.

Giving back life to abandoned traditional montenegrian houses. Saving cultural heritage from vanishing by giving them purpose and making them attractive for the coming generations. The purpose is going to be based on local food production and local arts and crafts.

The experiences of the past can serve to enrich the knowledge of the present and progression to future generations. As such architecture should be viewed in accordance with literature, music, art and film as a collective depiction of the transition from past ideals to the contemporary values and future aspirations of a living city. Sites of historic importance within the Central Business District (CBD) will be investigated as qualitative research to determine the significance of these sites to current citizens. This will be used to determine the best location and manifestation of an intervention that will create a dialogue between the citizens of today and the urban landscape, encapsulating Pretoria’s history of social transition which indicates heritage as a living time line. / Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Architecture / unrestricted

Democracy, post the apartheid era promised a better life for native Black Africans in South Africa, better living conditions for all and especially those living in townships and rural areas. Fast forward into 2020, a lack of economic opportunities, under-developed areas, and continuing lack of infrastructure is still a sad reality for many people living in rural areas in South Africa. Rural parts of South Africa are thus generally poor and the majority of these areas are characterized by poor service delivery and lack of access to resources. Nevertheless, such places are rich with culture, tradition and a sense of community. The study area of this dissertation is in the rural parts of Limpopo, with special focus centred around the Moletjie tribal villages. Most of the rural areas in the Limpopo province are still under the leadership of traditional authorities and depend on livestock and subsistence farming. The rural landscape fabric within the villages in the Moletjie area and other parts of South Africa share a similar trait of being dispersed and fragmented in nature. Due to the lack of infrastructure and resources, residents are forced to share these scarce resources. Sharing also means that residents walk long distances to places of importance on long, tedious and physically uncomfortable pathways. Environmental issues such as erosion, overgrazing and deforestation are a concern within the study area. It is also worthwhile to mention that the author of this dissertation grew up in the study area. This provides a unique opportunity to explore how intimate knowledge of space about a place can factor into the design of a place. However, it should be emphasized that the dissertation does not aspire for an easy fix solution with regards to rural development issues; it rather subtly looks into how to improve rural conditions, rurally. In other words, how can rural lives together with the rural environment be sustainably developed while preserving rural identity and heritage? / Mini Dissertation (ML (Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2020. / Architecture / ML (Prof) / Unrestricted

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / This chapter discusses some of the challenges faced by tribal libraries. Considering the information provided throughout the rest of this volume, it is clear that some of the core issues-such as poor broadband availability, difficulties in achieving economies of scale, and barriers to collaboration-are shared between tribal institutions and rural libraries throughout the United States. The chapter presents a brief review of the literature on tribal libraries, establishing how they compare with rural public libraries in the United States. The remainder of the chapter is designed as a conversation piece, with responses from interviews with librarians from two tribal libraries detailing how the challenges faced by these outlets parallel those faced by America's rural libraries. • Tribal libraries face obstacles that are common among nontribal rural public libraries, such as poor broadband Internet availability, lack of funding, and geographic barriers that limit patron access. • Although public libraries exist in some tribal communities, other forms of libraries and cultural heritage institutions often fill the service roles that public libraries occupy in nontribal communities. • Public-oriented information institutions in tribal communities commonly preserve and promote tribal heritage, often as one of their primary purposes. Considering that this is often achieved on limited budgets, further documentation of these efforts could be useful for guiding nontribal rural public libraries that wish to do more to preserve and promote their local cultural heritage. This study creates bridges between rural public libraries in the United States and tribal libraries, which are commonly studied as two separate phenomena. Although the authors document how these types of institutions differ from each other in significant ways, barriers of broadband access, geographic isolation, and lack of funding are common across both rural and tribal libraries. The information provided in this chapter shows that both types of institutions need solutions for similar problems.

This dissertation focuses on how both the tangible, as well as the intangible heritage layering of Irene Dairy Farm can be exposed. First, the intangible heritage significance is identified and subsequently reintroduced to the site in the form of the vision and intent of the farm at its genesis. The farm will be reactivated as a productive landscape whilst acting as a didactic model through the public exhibition of innovative food production methods and the effect this has on the culinary experience of the user. The celebration of the heritage significance lies within the reintroduction of innovation through twenty-first century food cultivation methods and the integration thereof into new infrastructure, thereby reactivating the historic intent of the farm as a productive model and didactic establishment. Secondly, the tangible heritage significance was identified as being embedded within the landscape and is expressed as ruins consisting of low walls, storm water channels, forest remnants, tree boulevard remains and historic movement routes. The tectonic approach to the tangible heritage elements of the site links back to the conceptual approach of exposing the functionality and dismembering the structures in order to remember. The historic structures will thus be treated as fragmented limbs to be dismembered in order to reveal the skeleton and function through the subtle intersections of new material and infrastructure. The investigation aims to: Address the loss of heritage significance of the farm on a master plan and detail level; allow the opportunity for skills development in the formal agricultural sector through the introduction of the didactic program; and acknowledge the prospect of sustainable food cultivation methods which is a global and local issue. / Mini Dissertation (ML (Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2016. / Architecture / ML (Prof) / Unrestricted

Textiles are an important part of social history and often neglected in museum collections. Lace objects are textiles with an unambiguous European heritage. Examples of this kind of tangible heritage object are found in many private and national museum collections in South Africa. This research considers needle lace crafted by students of the Koppies Lace School established in the early 1900s in the (then) Orange River Colony. The research draws on theories of representation (Hall, 2013), whiteness (de Kock, 2006), and craftwork (Risatti, 2007) to interrogate the unique context of this lace. The analysis includes examples of needle lace from Iziko Museums in Cape Town, as well as the War Museum of the Boer Republics and the Emily Hobhouse Old Age Home in the Free State. The discussion repositions lace as ethnographic object and argues for its value to South African museum collections. Koppies lace is identified as a unique collection when placed within its larger socio-historical context, and appreciated in terms of what was achieved while the lace school was in operation. This research argues that the value of Koppies lace objects to South African heritage lies within this larger intangible context and knowing and sharing this knowledge. / Dissertation (MSocSci (Heritage and Museum Studies)) University of Pretoria, 2021. / Historical and Heritage Studies / MSocSci (Heritage and Museum Studies) / Unrestricted