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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

The Burden of Herpes Zoster and Postherpetic Neuralgia in Manitoba: A 15 year population based cohort study using administrative healthcare data

Friesen, Kevin 03 August 2016 (has links)
Herpes zoster is a common disease, affecting up to 30% of the population in their lifetime. We examined the burden of this disease over the period of 1997-2013 using administrative healthcare data to determine changes over time. Key medications used to treat herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia became generic, resulting in costs reductions, where was offset by increased drug utilization leaving drug-episode costs unchanged. Mean per-episode medical costs increased moderately. Combined, these resulted in increased outpatient costs over time. However, dramatic reduction in HZ-related hospitalizations countered these trends, resulting in no net change in overall burden. The total healthcare cost of treating HZ and PHN in Manitoba in 2011/12 was $1,997,183, slightly less than the $2,095,633 burden determined for 1997/98, the first study year. Long-term demographic projections suggest the population will continue to grow and age, likely driving the future burden upwards. / October 2016
2

Neuralgia pós-herpética trigeminal: avaliações clínica e de sensibilidade orofacial / Trigeminal postherpetic neuralgia: clinical and orofacial sensitivity evaluation

Alvarez, Fabio Kurogi 17 June 2008 (has links)
A neuralgia pós-herpética é uma complicação da infecção pelo vírus da varicela zoster (VVZ). O nervo trigêmeo é acometido em cerca de 20-25% dos casos. Este estudo transversal teve como objetivo avaliar a sensibilidade orofacial de doentes com NPH trigeminal e identificar as características odontológicas da amostra. Foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos de avaliação: exame sensitivo padronizado da face (algiometria, testes de sensibilidade térmica e táctil), questionário RDC/TMD, eixo I e II, (critérios de diagnóstico em pesquisa) para o diagnóstico de disfunção mandibular (DTM), protocolo para avaliação de dor orofacial (EDOF-HC), questionário McGill para avaliação de dor, exame periodontal (índice de placa - IP, índice de sangramento - IS, índice de profundidade clínica de sondagem - PCS e índice de profundidade clínica de inserção - PCI), e o índice CPO-D (somatória do número de dentes cariados, perdidos em razão de cárie dentária e restaurados). Houve diferença significativa entre o lado ipsolateral e o contralateral aos testes de sensibilidade no V1 com frio (p=0,038), vonFrey (p=0,008), alfinete (p=0,022) e algiometria (p=0,001); no V2 com frio (p=0,034), calor (p=0,019) e alfinete (p=0,037) e no V3 com frio (p= 0,042) e calor (p= 0,036); e na região intra-oral com alfinete (p=0,021). Dos 19 pacientes avaliados, 63,2% eram desdentados totais, a média do CPO-D foi de 28,3, a média do índice de placa foi de 48,0 e a média do índice de sangramento foi de 31,6. Neste estudo, 21% dos doentes relataram lesão na cavidade oral como sinal inicial do Herpes zoster. Com relação à condição músculo-esquelética da face (RDC/TMD), 78,9% tinha dor miofascial à palpação. Como conclusão destaca-se alteração de sensibilidade ipsolateral, mesmo nos ramos onde não houve erupção do VVZ, hipoalgesia em V1 e na mucosa oral ipsolateral; saúde oral comprometida, dor miofascial mastigatória e anormalidade da ATM na maioria dos doentes. / Postherpetic neuralgia is a complication after a varicella-zoster virus infection (VZV), affecting the trigeminal nerve in about 15-25% of the cases. This transversal study had the objective to evaluate the orofacial sensitivity and odontological characteristics of patients with trigeminal postherpetic neuralgia. The instruments used were: mechanical, thermal and pain sensory test, RDC/TMD questionnaire axis I and II (research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders), EDOF-HC protocol (for orofacial pain), McGill´s questionnaire, periodontal form (plaque index, blending index, clinical insertion and clinical deep level measures, to evaluate the periodontal disease as well the activity of disease) and DMFT index (Add of the number of teeth decayed, lost because caries and restored). There was significant difference compared the affected and the opposite side for tests of sensitivity at V1 with cold (p=0.038), vonFrey (p=0.008), pinpricks (p=0.022) and algiometric (p=0.001); at V2 with cold (p=0.034), heat (p=0.019) and pinpricks (p=0.037) and at V3 with cold (p = 0.042) and heat (p = 0.036) and in the intra-oral region with pinpricks (p=0.021). 63.2 % was edentulous, the average of the DMFT was 28.3, the average of the plaque\'s index was 48 and the average of the blending index was 31.6. In this study, 21 % of the patients reported lesion in the oral cavity like initial sign of the Herpes zoster. 78.9 % had myofascial pain with palpation (RDC/TMD). The main conclusions were alteration of sensitivity in the ipsolateral, even in the branches wherethere were no eruptions of the VVZ, hypoalgesia at V1 and oral mucosa ipsolateral; poor oral heath, masticatory myofascial pain and abnormality of the TMJ in the majority of the patients.
3

Neuralgia pós-herpética trigeminal: avaliações clínica e de sensibilidade orofacial / Trigeminal postherpetic neuralgia: clinical and orofacial sensitivity evaluation

Fabio Kurogi Alvarez 17 June 2008 (has links)
A neuralgia pós-herpética é uma complicação da infecção pelo vírus da varicela zoster (VVZ). O nervo trigêmeo é acometido em cerca de 20-25% dos casos. Este estudo transversal teve como objetivo avaliar a sensibilidade orofacial de doentes com NPH trigeminal e identificar as características odontológicas da amostra. Foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos de avaliação: exame sensitivo padronizado da face (algiometria, testes de sensibilidade térmica e táctil), questionário RDC/TMD, eixo I e II, (critérios de diagnóstico em pesquisa) para o diagnóstico de disfunção mandibular (DTM), protocolo para avaliação de dor orofacial (EDOF-HC), questionário McGill para avaliação de dor, exame periodontal (índice de placa - IP, índice de sangramento - IS, índice de profundidade clínica de sondagem - PCS e índice de profundidade clínica de inserção - PCI), e o índice CPO-D (somatória do número de dentes cariados, perdidos em razão de cárie dentária e restaurados). Houve diferença significativa entre o lado ipsolateral e o contralateral aos testes de sensibilidade no V1 com frio (p=0,038), vonFrey (p=0,008), alfinete (p=0,022) e algiometria (p=0,001); no V2 com frio (p=0,034), calor (p=0,019) e alfinete (p=0,037) e no V3 com frio (p= 0,042) e calor (p= 0,036); e na região intra-oral com alfinete (p=0,021). Dos 19 pacientes avaliados, 63,2% eram desdentados totais, a média do CPO-D foi de 28,3, a média do índice de placa foi de 48,0 e a média do índice de sangramento foi de 31,6. Neste estudo, 21% dos doentes relataram lesão na cavidade oral como sinal inicial do Herpes zoster. Com relação à condição músculo-esquelética da face (RDC/TMD), 78,9% tinha dor miofascial à palpação. Como conclusão destaca-se alteração de sensibilidade ipsolateral, mesmo nos ramos onde não houve erupção do VVZ, hipoalgesia em V1 e na mucosa oral ipsolateral; saúde oral comprometida, dor miofascial mastigatória e anormalidade da ATM na maioria dos doentes. / Postherpetic neuralgia is a complication after a varicella-zoster virus infection (VZV), affecting the trigeminal nerve in about 15-25% of the cases. This transversal study had the objective to evaluate the orofacial sensitivity and odontological characteristics of patients with trigeminal postherpetic neuralgia. The instruments used were: mechanical, thermal and pain sensory test, RDC/TMD questionnaire axis I and II (research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders), EDOF-HC protocol (for orofacial pain), McGill´s questionnaire, periodontal form (plaque index, blending index, clinical insertion and clinical deep level measures, to evaluate the periodontal disease as well the activity of disease) and DMFT index (Add of the number of teeth decayed, lost because caries and restored). There was significant difference compared the affected and the opposite side for tests of sensitivity at V1 with cold (p=0.038), vonFrey (p=0.008), pinpricks (p=0.022) and algiometric (p=0.001); at V2 with cold (p=0.034), heat (p=0.019) and pinpricks (p=0.037) and at V3 with cold (p = 0.042) and heat (p = 0.036) and in the intra-oral region with pinpricks (p=0.021). 63.2 % was edentulous, the average of the DMFT was 28.3, the average of the plaque\'s index was 48 and the average of the blending index was 31.6. In this study, 21 % of the patients reported lesion in the oral cavity like initial sign of the Herpes zoster. 78.9 % had myofascial pain with palpation (RDC/TMD). The main conclusions were alteration of sensitivity in the ipsolateral, even in the branches wherethere were no eruptions of the VVZ, hypoalgesia at V1 and oral mucosa ipsolateral; poor oral heath, masticatory myofascial pain and abnormality of the TMJ in the majority of the patients.
4

Seroprevalencija i epidemiološke karakteristike varičele i herpes zostera u AP Vojvodini / Seroprevalence and epidemiological characteristics of varicella and herpes zoster in AP Vojvodina

Medić Snežana 28 September 2016 (has links)
<p>Uvod: Varičela (Varicella, Ovčije boginje) i herpes zoster (Herpes Zoster) su bolesti koje izaziva virus varicella - zoster. Varičela spada u najče&scaron;će dečje osipne groznice. Herpes zoster je bolest ljudi starijeg životnog doba. Imunizacija protiv varičele i herpes zostera je dala značajne rezultate u prevenciji ovih bolesti. Raspoloživi epidemiolo&scaron;ki pokazatelji nisu dovoljni za uvođenje adekvatnog programa imunizacije protiv ovih bolesti u na&scaron;oj zemlji. Cilj istraživanja bio je da se na teritoriji Vojvodine utvrde: seroprevalencija varicella-zoster virusnih antitela, epidemiolo&scaron;ke karakteristike obolelih od varičele u periodu 1994&minus;2014. godine i obolelih od herpes zostera u periodu 1997&minus;2005, uzrasno specifične incidencije i udeo hospitalizovanih u ukupnom broju obolelih od varičele odnosno herpes zostera u periodu 2010&minus;2014. godine. Materijal i metode: Istraživanje epidemiolo&scaron;kih karakteristika varičele i herpes zostera je sprovedeno retrospektivno, analizom podataka iz epidemiolo&scaron;kog nadzora. Seroepidemiolo&scaron;ko istraživanje je sprovedeno prospektivno (april 2015&minus;februar 2016). Prikupljeno je 3.570 rezidualnih seruma uz prethodno informisanje i pisanu saglasnost pacijenata. Uzorak je reprezentativan za populaciju Vojvodine, prema mestu stanovanja, polu i uzrastu. Imunokompromitovani i primaoci transfuzije krvi u poslednjih &scaron;est meseci su izuzeti iz istraživanja. Testiranje seruma je sprovedeno ELISA testom u Centru za virusologiju Instituta za javno zdravlje Vojvodine. Referentna evropska laboratorija prosledila je referentni panel seruma koji je testiran pre i tokom testiranja banke seruma. Standardizacija rezultata je sprovedena na osnovu jednačine koju je prosledio Public Health England (PHE). Izračunata je i analizirana seroprevalencija antitela u odnosu na uzrast, pol i područje stanovanja. Istraživanje incidencije hospitalizovanih slučajeva varičele i herpes zostera sprovedeno je retrospektivno prikupljanjem podataka o hospitalizacijama. Statistički značajnim smatrane su vrednosti na nivou značajnosti p &lt; 0,05 a visoko statički značajnim p &lt; 0,01. Rezultati: Seroprevalencija antitela protiv virusa varicella-zoster u testiranom uzorku populacije Vojvodine je 84%. Utvrđen je očekivano visok procenat seropozitivne dece do navr&scaron;enih devet godina života (73,3%). Osim u uzrasnim grupama &lt; 1 i 1&minus;4 godine, seroprevalencija raste sa uzrastom. Varičela se u Vojvodini održava endemo-epidemijski sa visokim incidencijama. U posmatranom periodu, najvi&scaron;a uzrasno specifična incidencija varičele se registruje u uzrastu 5&minus;9 godina (5.824,6/100.000 stanovnika) i 0&minus;4 godine (5.000,7/ 100.000 stanovnika). Od varičele su če&scaron;će obolevali mu&scaron;karaci dok su žene značajno će&scaron;će obolevale od herpes zostera (p = 0,000 &lt; 0,01). Incidencije varičele i herpes zostera se značajno razlikuju u odnosu na mesto stanovanja. Udeo hospitalizovanih u ukupnom broju obolelih od varičele bio je od 0,7 do 0,9%. Najvi&scaron;a uzrasno specifična incidencija hospitalizovanih sa varičelom registrovana je u uzrastu 0&minus;4 godine i opada sa uzrastom. Incidencija herpes zostera najvi&scaron;a je kod starijih od 60 godina života (970,2/100,000 stanovnika), dok je incidencija hospitalizovanih slučajeva herpes zostera najvi&scaron;a kod starijih od 65 godina (105,7/100.000). Udeo hospitalizovanih slučajeva herpes zostera u ukupnom broju obolelih od herpes zostera se kretao u rasponu od 2,2 do 3,6 % ( &ge;2% ). Zaključak: Rezultati ovog istraživanja ukazuju da varičela i herpes zoster značajno opterećuju zdravstveno stanje na&scaron;eg stanovni&scaron;tva zbog čega postoji osnov za uspostavljanje epidemiolo&scaron;kog nadzora i kreiranje adekvatnog programa imunizacije.</p> / <p>Introduction: Varicella (Varicella, Chicken pox) and herpes zoster (Herpes Zoster) are diseases caused by the Varicella- zoster virus. Varicella is the most common children&#39;s rash-causing fever. Herpes zoster is mainly a disease of elderly people. Immunisation against varicella and herpes zoster have led to significant results in the prevention of these diseases. Available epidemiological indicators are not sufficient for introduction of an adequate program of immunization against these diseases in our country. The aim of the research was to establish: seroprevalence of varicella-zoster virus antibodies, the epidemiological characteristics of patients with varicella in the period 1994-2014. and patients with herpes zoster in the period 1997-2005, age-specific incidence and share of hospitalized patients in the total number of patients with varicella and herpes zoster in the period 2010-2014, in Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. Material and methods: The study of epidemiological characteristics of varicella and herpes zoster was conducted retrospectively by analyzing data from epidemiological surveillance. Seroepidemiological study was conducted prospectively (April 2015- February 2016). The total of 3.570 residual sera were collected with previously taken written informed consents of patients. Immunocompromised patients and recipients of blood transfusions in the last six months were not included in the survey. The sample was representative by residence, sex and age for population of Vojvodina. Testing of sera was conducted by ELISA tests at the Center for virusology, Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina. Reference European laboratory forwarded the reference panel serum which was tested before and during the testing of serum bank. Standardization of the results was based on the equation previously sent by Public Health England (PHE). Seroprevalence of antibodies was calculated in relation to the age, sex and area of residence. Incidence of hospitalized cases of varicella and herpes zoster was determined by retrospective collection of hospitalization data. Statistically significant was considered values at a significance level of p &lt; 0,05 and highly statistically significant at p &lt; 0,01. Results: The seroprevalence of antibodies against Varicella- zoster virus in the sample of the population of Vojvodina was 84%. High percentage of seropositive children under the age of nine years of age (73,3%) was determined, as expected. The seroprevalence increases with age, except in the age groups &lt;1 and 1-4. Varicella in Vojvodina maintains endemo-epidemic mode with high incidence. In the observed period, the highest age-specific incidence of varicella is registered in the age group 5-9 years (5.824,6/100.000 inhabitants) and at the age of 0-4 years (5.000,7/100.000 inhabitants). Varicella was found significantly more often in men while herpes zoster was more often in women (p= 0,000 &lt;0,01). Incidence of varicella and herpes zoster significantly varied among the population of certain municipalities in Vojvodina. The share of hospitalized patients in the total number of patients with varicella ranged from 0,7 to 0,9%. The highest age-specific incidence of hospitalized patients with varicella was registered in the age of 0-4 years and decreases with age. The incidence of herpes zoster is highest in people over 60 years of age (970,2/100.000 inhabitants), whereas the incidence of hospitalized cases of herpes zoster was highest in patients over 65 years (105,7/100.000). Proportion of hospitalized cases in the total number of patients with herpes zoster ranged from 2,2 to 3,6% . Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that varicella and herpes zoster are significant burden of the health status of our population and there is a basis for the establishment of epidemiological surveillance and creation of an adequate program of immunization.</p>
5

Trends in Herpes Zoster Incidence from 1940 to 2008 Using a Cross-sectional Survey

Hales, Craig 16 December 2015 (has links)
Previous healthcare-based studies have reported increasing herpes zoster (HZ) incidence over time; however, this could be an artifact of increased healthcare utilization. This study is a cross-sectional analysis of 15,103 respondents in the 2008 wave of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to evaluate changes in HZ incidence from 1940 to 2008. Negative binomial regression is used to model the effect of calendar year, age of onset of HZ, gender and race/ethnicity on HZ incidence. A nonparametric method based on B-spline basis expansion is used to model the effect of calendar year to avoid imposing a predetermined functional form and produce flexible and accurate estimates. This study demonstrates increasing HZ incidence from 1940 to 2008 using self-reported HZ. Although the reason for this increase remains unknown, this study supports the assertion that this trend is real and not an artifact of increasing healthcare utilization for HZ over time.
6

Herpes zoster risk and vaccination in inflammatory bowel disease patients

Clemens, Dylan James 24 October 2018 (has links)
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease, particularly those on systemic immunosuppression, have been shown to be at increased risk of herpes zoster infection. Herpes zoster (also known as shingles) is a condition resulting from reactivation of varicella zoster virus (VZV), which causes chickenpox. VZV reactivation is thought to be due to impairment of cell-mediated immunity. Some immunosuppressive agents have been shown to be associated with higher risk for herpes zoster reactivation than others. Until recently, the only vaccine for herpes zoster was a live-attenuated vaccine, which is contraindicated in most immunosuppressed IBD patients due to their immunosuppressive therapy. Recently, an inactivated subunit vaccine has been developed and investigated for use in immunocompetent adults, as well as select groups of immunocompromised individuals. This novel vaccine has not yet been studied in IBD patients but holds promise for use in this population. The proposed study is a single-center prospective pilot study comparing immunogenicity and safety of the inactivated herpes zoster vaccine in patients with IBD (ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease) treated with high-level combination immunosuppression (both anti-TNF biologics and immunomodulators) to those not on systemic immunosuppressive therapy (5-aminosalicylates or no treatment). Investigators will compare cell-mediated responses between groups using an intracellular cytokine staining assay with flow cytometry assessed prior to vaccination and at four time points up to 12 months after completion of the immunization sequence. Adverse effects will also be monitored. This study will help to identify whether the novel herpes zoster vaccine is immunogenic and safe for use in IBD patients and whether these parameters are significantly impacted by intensity of immunosuppressive treatment. An additional goal is to provide preliminary data with which to develop future studies of vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy in this target population.
7

Alterações imune e de fibras nervosas da córnea em HZO

CAVALCANTI, Bernardo Menelau 19 November 2012 (has links)
Submitted by Fernanda Rodrigues de Lima (fernanda.rlima@ufpe.br) on 2018-10-10T20:16:05Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) TESE Bernardo Menelau Cavalcanti.pdf: 5192624 bytes, checksum: dd9afbb36d7edcf2451a221593b65396 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Alice Araujo (alice.caraujo@ufpe.br) on 2018-11-21T20:52:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) TESE Bernardo Menelau Cavalcanti.pdf: 5192624 bytes, checksum: dd9afbb36d7edcf2451a221593b65396 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-21T20:52:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) TESE Bernardo Menelau Cavalcanti.pdf: 5192624 bytes, checksum: dd9afbb36d7edcf2451a221593b65396 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-19 / Introdução: Herpes Zoster Oftálmico (HZO) resulta em perda da sensibilidade corneal e consequente desenvolvimento de ceratopatia neurotrófica. Objetiva-se analisar as alterações bilaterais das células imunes e do plexo nervoso sub-basal (PNS) da córnea em pacientes com HZO, através da microscopia confocal a laser in vivo (LCM), bem como sua correlação com a sensibilidade corneal. Casuística: Vinte e quatro olhos de 24 pacientes com o diagnóstico de HZO, e seus respectivos olhos contralaterais não afetados foram avaliados e comparados com grupo controle (n = 24). Métodos: Os olhos dos pacientes e do grupo controle foram submetidos ao exame de microscopia confocal a laser (Heidelberg Retina Tomograph 3 / Rostock Cornea Module) bem como estesiometria corneal (Cochet-Bonnet) na região central da córnea e em ambos os olhos. As imagens obtidas pela microscopia foram avaliadas e quantificadas para a presença de células dendríticas (DCs) e do plexo nervoso sub-basal. Resultados: Tanto o olho afetado quanto o contralateral dos pacientes com HZO apresentaram um aumento significativo de DCs na região central em comparação com o grupo controle (147,4 ± 33,9; 120,1 ± 21,2; e 23,0 ± 3,6 células/mm²; p=0,001). Em ambos os olhos, foi identificada uma redução importante dos parâmetros do plexo nervoso sub-basal em relação à densidade de nervos totais (9.052,6 ± 1.151,8; 14.959,8 ± 903,2; e 22.851,4 ± 661,4 μm/mm²; respectivamente p<0,001), número de nervos totais (5,8 ± 0,9; 11,9 ± 1,2; e 26,6 ± 1,2 n/imagem; p<0,001), número de troncos principais (2,4 ± 0,3; 3,8 ± 0,3; e 4,4 ± 0,2; p<0,001) e número de ramos secundários (3,4 ± 0,7; 8,2 ± 1,1; e 22,2 ± 1,2; p<0,001) em relação ao grupo controle. A densidade de DCs apresentou correlação negativa com a densidade de nervos totais (R=-0,43; p<0,001). Ademais, a redução do plexo nervoso sub-basal apresentou uma correlação positiva com a sensibilidade corneal (R=0,63; p<0,001). Conclusão: HZO unilateral apresentam significante aumento bilateral de células dendríticas, redução do plexo nervoso sub-basal e da sensibilidade corneal. / Introduction: Herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO), thought to be a unilateral disease, results in loss of corneal sensation, leading to neurotrophic keratopathy. This study aimed to analyze bilateral corneal immune cell and nerve changes (PNS) in patients with HZO by laser in vivo confocal microscopy (LCM) and their correlation with corneal sensation. Participants: Twenty-four eyes of 24 patients with diagnosis of HZO and their contralateral clinically unaffected eyes were studied and compared with normal controls (n = 24). Methods: Laser in vivo confocal microscopy (Heidelberg Retina Tomograph 3 / Rostock Cornea Module) and corneal esthesiometry (Cochet-Bonnet) of the central cornea were performed bilaterally in all eyes of the patients and controls. Confocal images were evaluated for the presence of dendritiform immune cells (DC) and subbasal nerve plexus. Results: HZO affected and contralateral clinically unaffected eyes had a significant increase in DC infiltration of the central cornea (147.4 ± 33.9; 120.1 ± 21.2; e 23.0 ± 3.6 células/mm²; p=0.001). A significant decrease of subbasal nerve parameters in both eyes was found for total nerve length (9.052.6 ± 1.151.8; 14.959.8 ± 903.2; e 22.851.4 ± 661.4 μm/mm² respectively; p<0.001), total number of nerves (5.8 ± 0.9; 11.9 ± 1.2; e 26.6 ± 1.2 n/frame; p<0.001), number of main nerve trunks (2.4 ± 0.3; 3.8 ± 0.3; e 4.4 ± 0.2; p<0.001) and the number of branches (3.4 ± 0.7; 8.2 ± 1.1; e 22.2 ± 1.2; p<0.001) as compared to controls. DC density showed a moderate negative correlation with total nerve length (R=-0.43; p<0.001). Moreover, reduced nerve length and number of nerves were strongly correlated with corneal sensation across all subgroups (R=0.63; p<0.001). Conclusions: Patients with unilateral HZO demonstrated a profound and significant bilateral increase in corneal dendritiform cell density and decrease of the corneal subbasal nerve plexus.
8

Infecção por herpes zoster em pacientes com lúpus eritematoso sistêmico juvenil / Herpes zoster infection in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a large multicenter study

Ferreira, Juliana Caires de Oliveira Achili 20 October 2016 (has links)
Introdução: A reativação do vírus latente da varicela-zoster ocasiona infecção por herpes zoster tanto em pacientes hígidos quanto em portadores de doenças crônicas e autoimunes, como lúpus eritematoso sistêmico juvenil (LESJ). As informações sobre infecção por herpes zoster (HZ), seus fatores de risco e desfecho no LESJ são limitadas devido à pequena representação desta complicação em publicações anteriores, e revela a necessidade de mais estudos visando contribuir para o melhor cuidado aos pacientes. Objetivos: Avaliar a prevalência de infecção por HZ em uma população expressiva de pacientes com LESJ, e sua possível associação com dados clínicos, demográficos, manifestações clínicas, alterações laboratoriais, atividade/dano cumulativo da doença, tratamento e evolução. Métodos: Estudo de coorte multicêntrico retrospectivo realizado em 10 serviços de Reumatologia Pediátrica do Grupo Brasileiro de Lúpus que incluiu 852 pacientes com LESJ. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: pacientes que tiveram infecção por HZ (avaliados durante episódio da infecção por herpes zoster) e pacientes sem infecção por HZ (avaliados na última consulta). Resultados: A frequência de infecção por herpes zoster foi 14,1% nos pacientes com LESJ, enquanto neuralgia pós-herpética e recorrência foram observadas em 5% dos pacientes. Ocorreu hospitalização em 61% dos pacientes e infecção bacteriana secundária em 13% dos pacientes. Quanto ao tratamento, 94% dos pacientes com LESJ recebeu aciclovir via intravenosa ou oral ao diagnóstico de infecção por HZ e nenhum deles teve complicação oftalmológica nem evoluiu para óbito. Após correção de Holm-Bonferroni para múltiplas comparações, duração da doença (1,58 vs. 4,41 anos, p<0,0001) e idade atual (13,9 vs. 17,0 anos, p < 0,0001) foram significantemente menores nos pacientes com infecção por HZ comparados aos pacientes sem esta complicação. As frequências de nefrite (37% vs. 18%, p < 0,0001), linfopenia (32% vs. 17%, p < 0,0001), hipertensão arterial (27% vs. 13%, p=0,001) e febre (35,5% vs. 5%, p < 0,0001), foram significantemente maiores nos pacientes com infecção por HZ. As medianas do score de atividade da doença/SLEDAI-2K [6,0 (0-35) vs. 2 (0-45), p < 0,0001], VHS [30 (3-120) vs. 18 (1-135) mm/1a hora, p < 0,0001] e PCR [3,05 (0-103) vs. 0,70 (0-364)mg/dL, p < 0,0001] foram significantemente maiores nos pacientes com infecção por HZ. Quanto ao tratamento, frequências do uso de prednisona (97% vs. 77%, p < 0,0001) e ciclofosfamida (20% vs. 5%, p < 0,0001) foram significantemente maiores nos pacientes com infecção por HZ, assim como medianas da dose atual de prednisona [20 (3 - 80) vs. 12,5 (1- 90) mg/dia, p<0,0001] e em mg/kg/dia [0,44 (0,5 - 3,8) vs. 0,24 (0,02 - 3,0), p < 0,0001]. A regressão logística mostrou quatro variáveis independentes associadas à infecção por HZ: duração da doença menor de 1 ano [OR 2.893 (IC 1.821-4.597), p < 0.0001], linfopenia < 1,500/mm3 [OR 1.931 (IC 1.183-3.153), p=0.009], uso de prednisona [OR 6.723 (IC 2.072-21.815), p=0.002] e uso de ciclofosfamida [OR 4.060 (IC 2.174-7.583), p < 0.0001]. Conclusões: A infecção por HZ foi evidenciada em 14% dos pacientes com LESJ. Este foi o primeiro estudo que identificou atividade da doença e tratamento do LESJ como principais fatores associados para infecção por HZ nos pacientes, que apresentou-se com distribuição típica dermatomal, baixa taxa de recorrência e complicações / Introduction: The latent varicella-zoster virus reactivation causes herpes zoster infection in healthy patients and patients with chronic and autoimmune diseases, such as childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE). However, information about herpes zoster infection (HZI), risk factors and outcome in cSLE are limited due to the small representation of this complication in previous studies, and reveals the need for more studies to driving better treatments to affected patients. Objective: The aim of this multicenter study in a large childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) population was to assess the herpes zoster infection (HZI) prevalence, demographic data, clinical manifestations, laboratory, treatment and outcome. Methods: A retrospective multicenter cohort study (Brazilian cSLE group) was performed in 10 Pediatric Rheumatology services in São Paulo State, Brazil and included 852 cSLE patients. Patients were divided in two groups: patients with HZI (evaluated at the first HZI episode) and patients without HZI (evaluated at the last visit). Results: The frequency of HZI in cSLE patients was 14%. Hospitalization occurred in 61% and secondary bacterial infection in 13%. Intravenous or oral aciclovir was administered in 94% cSLE patients at HZI diagnosis. None of them had ophthalmic complication and death. Postherpetic neuralgia and recurrence rate occurred in 5%. After Holm-Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, disease duration (1.58 vs. 4.41 years, p < 0.0001) was significantly lower in HZI cSLE patients compared to those without HZI. Nephritis (37% vs. 18%, p < 0.0001), lymphopenia (32% vs. 17%, p < 0.0001) prednisone (97% vs. 77%, p < 0.0001), cyclophosphamide (20% vs. 5%, p < 0.0001) and SLEDAI-2K [6.0 (0-35) vs. 2 (0-45), p < 0.0001] were significantly higher in the former group. The median activity score of disease / SLEDAI-2K [6.0 (0-35) vs. 2 (0-45), p < 0.0001], ESR [30 (3-120) vs. 18 (1-135) mm/1st hour, p < 0.0001] and PCR [3.05 (0-103) vs. 0.70 (0-364) mg/dL, p < 0.0001] were significantly higher in patients with HZ infection. As for treatment, the frequency of prednisone use (97% vs. 77%, p <0.0001) and cyclophosphamide (20% vs. 5%, p < 0.0001) were significantly higher in patients with HZI, as well as the medians of the current dose of prednisone [20 (3-80) vs. 12.5 (1- 90) mg/day, p < 0.0001] and in mg/kg/day [0.44 (0.5 to 3.8) vs. 0.24 (0.02 to 3.0), P < 0.0001]. Logistic regression model showed that four independent variables were associated with HZI: disease duration < 1 year [OR 2.893 (CI 1.821-4.597), p < 0.0001], lymphopenia < 1,500/mm3 [OR 1.931 (CI 1.183-3.153), p=0.009], prednisone [OR 6.723 (CI 2.072-21.815), p=0.002] and cyclophosphamide use [OR 4.060 (CI 2.174-7.583), p < 0.0001]. Conclusion: HZI was identified in 14% of cSLE population. This was the first study that identified disease activity and treatment of cSLE as main factors associated to HZI, that presented as an early viral infection with a typical dermatomal distribution, low rate of recurrence and complications
9

Infecção por herpes zoster em pacientes com lúpus eritematoso sistêmico juvenil / Herpes zoster infection in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a large multicenter study

Juliana Caires de Oliveira Achili Ferreira 20 October 2016 (has links)
Introdução: A reativação do vírus latente da varicela-zoster ocasiona infecção por herpes zoster tanto em pacientes hígidos quanto em portadores de doenças crônicas e autoimunes, como lúpus eritematoso sistêmico juvenil (LESJ). As informações sobre infecção por herpes zoster (HZ), seus fatores de risco e desfecho no LESJ são limitadas devido à pequena representação desta complicação em publicações anteriores, e revela a necessidade de mais estudos visando contribuir para o melhor cuidado aos pacientes. Objetivos: Avaliar a prevalência de infecção por HZ em uma população expressiva de pacientes com LESJ, e sua possível associação com dados clínicos, demográficos, manifestações clínicas, alterações laboratoriais, atividade/dano cumulativo da doença, tratamento e evolução. Métodos: Estudo de coorte multicêntrico retrospectivo realizado em 10 serviços de Reumatologia Pediátrica do Grupo Brasileiro de Lúpus que incluiu 852 pacientes com LESJ. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: pacientes que tiveram infecção por HZ (avaliados durante episódio da infecção por herpes zoster) e pacientes sem infecção por HZ (avaliados na última consulta). Resultados: A frequência de infecção por herpes zoster foi 14,1% nos pacientes com LESJ, enquanto neuralgia pós-herpética e recorrência foram observadas em 5% dos pacientes. Ocorreu hospitalização em 61% dos pacientes e infecção bacteriana secundária em 13% dos pacientes. Quanto ao tratamento, 94% dos pacientes com LESJ recebeu aciclovir via intravenosa ou oral ao diagnóstico de infecção por HZ e nenhum deles teve complicação oftalmológica nem evoluiu para óbito. Após correção de Holm-Bonferroni para múltiplas comparações, duração da doença (1,58 vs. 4,41 anos, p<0,0001) e idade atual (13,9 vs. 17,0 anos, p < 0,0001) foram significantemente menores nos pacientes com infecção por HZ comparados aos pacientes sem esta complicação. As frequências de nefrite (37% vs. 18%, p < 0,0001), linfopenia (32% vs. 17%, p < 0,0001), hipertensão arterial (27% vs. 13%, p=0,001) e febre (35,5% vs. 5%, p < 0,0001), foram significantemente maiores nos pacientes com infecção por HZ. As medianas do score de atividade da doença/SLEDAI-2K [6,0 (0-35) vs. 2 (0-45), p < 0,0001], VHS [30 (3-120) vs. 18 (1-135) mm/1a hora, p < 0,0001] e PCR [3,05 (0-103) vs. 0,70 (0-364)mg/dL, p < 0,0001] foram significantemente maiores nos pacientes com infecção por HZ. Quanto ao tratamento, frequências do uso de prednisona (97% vs. 77%, p < 0,0001) e ciclofosfamida (20% vs. 5%, p < 0,0001) foram significantemente maiores nos pacientes com infecção por HZ, assim como medianas da dose atual de prednisona [20 (3 - 80) vs. 12,5 (1- 90) mg/dia, p<0,0001] e em mg/kg/dia [0,44 (0,5 - 3,8) vs. 0,24 (0,02 - 3,0), p < 0,0001]. A regressão logística mostrou quatro variáveis independentes associadas à infecção por HZ: duração da doença menor de 1 ano [OR 2.893 (IC 1.821-4.597), p < 0.0001], linfopenia < 1,500/mm3 [OR 1.931 (IC 1.183-3.153), p=0.009], uso de prednisona [OR 6.723 (IC 2.072-21.815), p=0.002] e uso de ciclofosfamida [OR 4.060 (IC 2.174-7.583), p < 0.0001]. Conclusões: A infecção por HZ foi evidenciada em 14% dos pacientes com LESJ. Este foi o primeiro estudo que identificou atividade da doença e tratamento do LESJ como principais fatores associados para infecção por HZ nos pacientes, que apresentou-se com distribuição típica dermatomal, baixa taxa de recorrência e complicações / Introduction: The latent varicella-zoster virus reactivation causes herpes zoster infection in healthy patients and patients with chronic and autoimmune diseases, such as childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE). However, information about herpes zoster infection (HZI), risk factors and outcome in cSLE are limited due to the small representation of this complication in previous studies, and reveals the need for more studies to driving better treatments to affected patients. Objective: The aim of this multicenter study in a large childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) population was to assess the herpes zoster infection (HZI) prevalence, demographic data, clinical manifestations, laboratory, treatment and outcome. Methods: A retrospective multicenter cohort study (Brazilian cSLE group) was performed in 10 Pediatric Rheumatology services in São Paulo State, Brazil and included 852 cSLE patients. Patients were divided in two groups: patients with HZI (evaluated at the first HZI episode) and patients without HZI (evaluated at the last visit). Results: The frequency of HZI in cSLE patients was 14%. Hospitalization occurred in 61% and secondary bacterial infection in 13%. Intravenous or oral aciclovir was administered in 94% cSLE patients at HZI diagnosis. None of them had ophthalmic complication and death. Postherpetic neuralgia and recurrence rate occurred in 5%. After Holm-Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, disease duration (1.58 vs. 4.41 years, p < 0.0001) was significantly lower in HZI cSLE patients compared to those without HZI. Nephritis (37% vs. 18%, p < 0.0001), lymphopenia (32% vs. 17%, p < 0.0001) prednisone (97% vs. 77%, p < 0.0001), cyclophosphamide (20% vs. 5%, p < 0.0001) and SLEDAI-2K [6.0 (0-35) vs. 2 (0-45), p < 0.0001] were significantly higher in the former group. The median activity score of disease / SLEDAI-2K [6.0 (0-35) vs. 2 (0-45), p < 0.0001], ESR [30 (3-120) vs. 18 (1-135) mm/1st hour, p < 0.0001] and PCR [3.05 (0-103) vs. 0.70 (0-364) mg/dL, p < 0.0001] were significantly higher in patients with HZ infection. As for treatment, the frequency of prednisone use (97% vs. 77%, p <0.0001) and cyclophosphamide (20% vs. 5%, p < 0.0001) were significantly higher in patients with HZI, as well as the medians of the current dose of prednisone [20 (3-80) vs. 12.5 (1- 90) mg/day, p < 0.0001] and in mg/kg/day [0.44 (0.5 to 3.8) vs. 0.24 (0.02 to 3.0), P < 0.0001]. Logistic regression model showed that four independent variables were associated with HZI: disease duration < 1 year [OR 2.893 (CI 1.821-4.597), p < 0.0001], lymphopenia < 1,500/mm3 [OR 1.931 (CI 1.183-3.153), p=0.009], prednisone [OR 6.723 (CI 2.072-21.815), p=0.002] and cyclophosphamide use [OR 4.060 (CI 2.174-7.583), p < 0.0001]. Conclusion: HZI was identified in 14% of cSLE population. This was the first study that identified disease activity and treatment of cSLE as main factors associated to HZI, that presented as an early viral infection with a typical dermatomal distribution, low rate of recurrence and complications
10

Notificação de AIDS no estado da Paraíba: prevalência e fatores associados às manifestações orais local / Notification of AIDS in the State of Paraiba: prevalence and factors associated with oral manifestations

Adriano, Maria Soraya Pereira Franco 31 July 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T12:21:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-07-31 / Oral manifestations may represent the first clinical signs of HIV infection, being indicators of immunological compromise and of the disease progression. Thus, to investigate these expressions is crucial for the understanding of the epidemiology of AIDS. In this study, it was examined the prevalence of oral manifestations reported in patients with AIDS in the State of Paraíba and its associated factors, according to the Information System for Notifiable Diseases / SINAN, from 2000 to 2010. A quantitative cross-sectional epidemiological study was developed, using secondary data collected from the junction of SINAN W and Net from DST/AIDS program of Paraíba, in patients over 13 years old, who had a complete record of their case evolution. The sample census considered the inclusion criteria previously reported. Statistical analysis covered descriptive and analytical techniques, adopting a confidence interval of 95% and Pearson s chi-squared and prevalence ratio tests . The project was approved by the Ethics Committee of the State University of Paraiba, under CAAE 0404.0.133.000-10.For a total of 2.944 reported AIDS cases, occurred the record of 1009 oral manifestations for this disease, being 76.3% of Oral Candidiasis or Hairy Leukoplakia, 20% of Herpes Zoster and 3.7% of Kaposi's sarcoma. It was demonstrated a significant association between Oral Candidiasis or Hairy Leukoplakia and the variables years of research, macro-regions, years of education and evolution of cases, and it was found in the Herpes Zoster association between the variables years of research, age group and cases development (p <0.05 ). The largest number of oral manifestations identified for AIDS was established in the state capital, João Pessoa. According to the obtained results, the notification of oral manifestations of the disease under study has occurred in less than a half of the confirmed cases. / As manifestações orais podem representar os primeiros sinais clínicos da infecção por HIV, sendo indicadoras de comprometimento imunológico e do tempo de evolução da doença. Assim, investigar essas expressões é fundamental para o entendimento da epidemiologia da AIDS. Neste trabalho verificou-se a prevalência de manifestações orais notificadas em portadores de Aids no Estado da Paraíba e seus fatores associados, de acordo com o Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação / SINAN, durante o período de 2000 a 2010. Desenvolveu-se um estudo epidemiológico transversal e quantitativo, utilizando dados secundários coletados a partir da junção do SINAN W e Net do programa do DST/AIDS da Paraíba, em pacientes maiores de 13 anos, que apresentavam o registro completo da evolução do caso. A amostragem censitária considerou os critérios de inclusão anteriormente relatados. O tratamento estatístico abrangeu técnicas descritivas e analíticas, adotando-se um intervalo de confiança de 95% e os testes Qui-quadrado de Person e Razão de Prevalência. O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba sob CAAE 0404.0.133.000-10. Para um total de 2944 casos notificados de AIDS ocorreu o registro de 1009 manifestações orais para essa doença, sendo 76,3% de Candidose oral ou Leucoplasia Pilosa, 20% de Herpes Zoster e 3,7% de Sarcoma de Kaposi. Demonstrou-se associação significativa entre a Candidose oral ou Leucoplasia Pilosa e as variáveis ano de investigação, macrorregião,grau de escolaridade e evolução dos casos e para o Herpes Zoster encontrou-se associação entre as variáveis ano de investigação, faixa etária e evolução dos casos (p < 0,05). O maior número de manifestações orais identificadas para a Aids ficou estabelecido na capital do Estado, a cidade de João Pessoa. De acordo com os resultados obtidos a notificação de manifestações orais para a doença em questão ocorreu em menos da metade dos casos confirmados da doença.

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