Large mass splittings between new scalars in two-Higgs-doublet models (2HDM) open a key avenue to search for these new states via exotic heavy Higgs decays. We discuss in detail the different search channels for these new scalars at the LHC in the presence of a sizable mass splitting, i.e. a hierarchical 2HDM scenario, taking into account the theoretical and experimental constraints. We provide benchmark planes to exploit the complementarity among these searches, analyzing their potential to probe the hierarchical 2HDM parameter space during LHC Run 2.

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the four major experiments set up along its 27 kilometers of circumference (ATLAS, CMS, ALICE and LHCb), have recently started to explore the high–energy frontier at √s = 8 TeV, and will move to even higher energy in just about 2 years. The aim of physics searches at LHC experiments was to complete the picture of the Standard Model (SM) of elementary particles with the discovery of the Higgs boson and to look for specific signatures of models extending the current understanding of particle interactions, at zero and non–zero temperature. In 2012, the official discovery of the Higgs boson, the only missing particle of the StandardModel, was announced by ATLAS and CMS. Other important results include the measurement of rare decay modes in heavy quarks systems, and indications of CP violation in charm decays by LHCb. Signatures of beyond the Standard Model (BSM) physics are currently being looked for in the experimental data, and this often requires the knowledge of quantities that can be computed only with non–perturbative methods. This thesis focuses on some possible extensions of the SM and the analysis of interesting physical observables, like masses or decay rates, calculated using non– perturbative lattice methods. The approach followed for the main part of this work is to model BSM theories as effective field theories defined on a lattice. This lattice approach has a twofold advantage: it allows us to explore non– renormalizable gauge theories by imposing an explicit gauge–invariant cutoff and it allows us to go beyond perturbative results in the study of strongly interacting systems. Some of the issues of the SM that we will try to address include, for example, the hierarchy problem and the origin of dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking (DEWSB). We investigate non–perturbatively the possibility that the lightness of the mass for an elementary scalar field in a four–dimensional quantum field theory might be due to a higher–dimensional gauge symmetry principle. This idea fits in the Gauge–Higgs unification approach to the hierarchy problem and the results we present extend what is known from perturbative expectations. Extra dimensional models are also often used to approach DEWSB. Another approach to DEWSB implies a new strongly interacting gauge sector that extends the SM at high energies and it is usually referred to as Technicolor. The phenomenological consequences of Technicolor can only be studied by non– perturbative methods at low energy since the theory is strongly coupled at large distances. We perform a comprehensive lattice study of fermionic and gluonic scalar bound states in one of the candidate theories for Technicolor BSM physics. We relate our findings to the nature of the newly discovered Higgs boson. New physics is also commonly believed to be hidden in the flavour sector of the SM. In this sector, lattice calculations of non–perturbative input parameters are needed in order to make precise predictions and extract signals of possible new physics. In particular, heavy quark physics on the lattice is still in development and it is important to understand the relevant discretisation errors. We describe a preliminary study of the mixing parameter of heavy–light mesons oscillations in a partially–quenched scenario, using staggered dynamical fermions and domain wall valence fermions.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第23000号 / 理博第4677号 / 新制||理||1671(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科物理学・宇宙物理学専攻 / (主査)教授 川合 光, 教授 田中 貴浩, 准教授 吉岡 興一 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

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The vast majority of experiments in particle physics can be described by the Standard Model of particle physics (SM). However, there are indications for physics beyond it. The only experimentally demonstrated problem of the model is the difficulty to describe neutrino masses and leptonic mixing. There is a plethora of models that try to describe these phenomena and this thesis investigates several possibilities for new models, both full theories and effective frameworks.   The values of the parameters in a model are dependent on the energy scale and we say that the parameters run. The exact behavior of the running depends on the model and it provides a signature of the model. For a model defined at high energies it is necessary to run the parameters down to the electroweak scale in order to perform a comparison to the known values of observed quantities. In this thesis, we discuss renormalization group running in the context of extra dimensions and we provide an upper limit on the cutoff scale. We perform renormalization group running in two versions of a non-supersymmetric SO(10) model and we show that the SM parameters can be accommodated in both versions. In addition, we perform the running for the gauge couplings in a large set of radiative neutrino mass models and conclude that unification is possible in some of them.   The Higgs boson provides new possibilities to study physics beyond the SM. Its properties have to be tested with extremely high precision before it could be established whether the particle is truly the SM Higgs boson or not. In this thesis, we perform Bayesian parameter inference and model comparison. For models where the magnitude of the Higgs couplings is varied, we show that the SM is favored in comparison to all other models. Furthermore, we discuss lepton flavor violating processes in the context of the Zee model. We find that these can be sizeable and close to the experimental limits. / <p>QC 20170221</p>

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2017-07-05T14:50:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3897113 bytes, checksum: 13b1bc4f67b2b3d6ab8fad34190f7c20 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-05T14:50:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3897113 bytes, checksum: 13b1bc4f67b2b3d6ab8fad34190f7c20 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / In this thesis we study the phenomenological consequences of several CP-violating structures that could arise in the Standard Model effective field theory framework. Focusing on operators involving electroweak gauge and/or Higgs bosons, we derive constraints originating from Run I LHC data. We then study the capabilities of the present and future LHC runs at higher energies to further probe associated CP-violating phenomena and we demonstrate how differential information can play a key role. We consider both traditional four-lepton probes of CP-violating in the Higgs sector and novel new physics handles based on varied angular and non-angular observables. / Nesta tese é estudado as consequências fenomenológicas de diversas estruturas que violam a simetria CP, surgidas no contexto do modelo padrão efetivo. Focando nos operadores que envolvem os bósons de calibre e o Higgs, estabelecemos vínculos provenientes dos dados do RUN I do LHC. Em seguida, é estudada a capacidade do RUN I e de futuros RUNs do LHC em sondar os fenômenos associados à violação de CP e é demonstrado como as informações provenientes das distribuições diferencias podem desempenhar um papel chave para determinação destes vínculos. Para sondar efeitos físicos de violação de CP, consideramos tanto as sondagens tradicionais utilizando o canal de decaimento do Higgs em 4 léptons assim como novos observáveis angulares e cinemáticos empregados em diferentes canais de produção e decaimento do Higgs.

The vast majority of all experimental results in particle physics can be described by the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. However, neither the existence of neutrino masses nor the mixing in the leptonic sector, which have been observed, can be described within this model. In fact, the model only describes a fraction of the known energy in the Universe. Thus, we know there must exist a theory beyond the SM. There is a plethora of possible candidates for such a model, such as supersymmetry, extra dimensional theories, and string theory. So far, there are no evidence in favor of these models. These theories often reside at high energies, and will therefore be manifest as effective theories at the low energies experienced here on Earth. A first example in extra-dimensional theories. From our four-dimensional point of view, particles which propagate through the extra dimensions will effectivel be perceived as towers of heavy particles. In this thesis we consider an extra-dimensional model with universal extra dimensions, where all SM particles are allowed to propagate through the extra dimensions. Especially, we place a bound on the range of validity for this model. We study the renormalization group running of the leptonic parameters as well as the Higgs self-coupling in this model with the neutrino masses generated by a Weinberg operator. Grand unified theories, where the gauge couplings of the SM are unified into a single oe at some high energy scale, are motivated by the electroweak unification. The unification must necessarily take place at energies many orders of magnitude greater than those that ever can be achieved on Earth. In order to make sense of the theoru, ehich is given at the grand unified scale, at the electroweak scale, the symmetry at the grand unified scale is broken down to the SM symmetry. Within these models the SM is considered as an effective field theory. We study renormalization group running of the leptonic parameters in a non-supersymmetric SO(10) model which is broken in two steps via the Pati-Salam group. Finally, the discovery of the new boson at the LHC provides a new opportunity to search for physics beyond the SM. We consider an effective model where the magnitudes of the couplings in the Higgs sector are scaled by so-called coupling scale factors. We perform Bayesian parameter inference based on the LHC data. Furthermore, we perform Bayesian model comparison, comparing models where one or several of the Higgs couplings are allowed, to the SM, where the couplings are fixed. / <p>QC 20141020</p>

In dieser Arbeit werden einige zukünftige Aspekte der Higgs-Messungen ein Jahrzehnt nach seiner Entdeckung untersucht, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf dem Potenzial für zukünftige Läufe des Large Hadron Collider (LHC) liegt. Insbesondere sollen anspruchsvolle Kopplungen des Higgs, wie seine Selbstkopplung und die Wechselwirkung mit leichten Quarks, untersucht werden. Der erste Teil gibt einen Überblick über die Higgs-Physik innerhalb der effektiven Feldtheorie des Standardmodells (SMEFT). Der zweite Teil befasst sich mit der Single-Higgs-Produktion, beginnend mit einer Zweischleifenberechnung der Gluonenfusionskomponente von Zh, um deren theoretische Unsicherheiten zu reduzieren. Dann wird das Potenzial für die Einschränkung der trilinearen Higgs-Selbstkopplung aus Einzel-Higgs-Raten erneut untersucht, indem ebenso schwach eingeschränkte Vier-Schwer-Quark-Operatoren einbezogen werden, die bei der nächsthöheren Ordnung in die Einzel-Higgs-Raten eingehen. Diese Operatoren korrelieren in hohem Maße mit der trilinearen Selbstkopplung, was sich auf die Anpassungen auswirkt, die für diese Kopplung anhand von Einzel-Higgs-Daten vorgenommen wurden. Der dritte Teil konzentriert sich auf die Higgs-Paarproduktion, einen wesentlichen Prozess zur Messung der Higgs-Selbstkopplung, und setzt eine multivariate Analyse ein, um ihr Potenzial zur Untersuchung der leichten Yukawa-Kopplungen zu untersuchen; dadurch wird die Empfindlichkeit der Higgs-Paarproduktion für die leichten Quark-Yukawa-Wechselwirkungen erforscht. Schließlich werden im vierten Teil einige Modelle vorgestellt, die darauf abzielen, die jüngsten Flavour-Anomalien im Lichte einer globalen SMEFT-Bayesian-Analyse zu erklären, die Flavour- und elektroschwache Präzisionsmessungen kombiniert. / This thesis investigates some future aspects of Higgs measurements a decade after its discovery, focusing on the potential for future runs of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In particular, it aims to probe challenging couplings of the Higgs like its self-coupling and interaction with light quarks. The first part provides an overview of Higgs physics within the Standard Model Effective Field theory (SMEFT). The second part is about single-Higgs production, starting with a two-loop calculation of the gluon fusion component of Zh to reduce its theoretical uncertainties. Then, the potential for constraining the Higgs trilinear self-coupling from single Higgs rates is revisited; by including equally weaklyconstrained four-heavy-quark operators entering at the next-to-leading order in single Higgs rates. These operators highly correlate with the trilinear self-coupling, thus affecting the fits made on this coupling from single Higgs data. The third part focuses on the Higgs pair production, an essential process for measuring Higgs-self coupling, employing multivariate analysis to study its potential for probing light Yukawa couplings; thereby exploring the sensitivity of Higgs pair production for the light-quark Yukawa interactions. Finally, the fourth part showcases some models aiming to explain the recent flavour anomalies in the light of a global SMEFT Bayesian analysis combining flavour and electroweak precision measurements.