This thesis covers a variety of analytical approaches that validate the use of the EvacuatioNZ model on high-rise building analysis. Through performing a number of sensitivity analyses, several model deficiencies as well as functional limitations were improved upon and part of the model developments are continued based on the previous research done by two Master's students at the University of Canterbury. In this thesis, data from three evacuations were considered for different validating aspects. These evacuations were, a hypothetical 21-storey hotel building located in the United States of America, which was previously simulated using Simulex and EXIT89; a trial evacuation that was carried out in a 13-storey office building located in Canada; and a fire drill conducted at a 21-storey office building located in Australia. Overall, the results indicated that the EvacuatioNZ is able to produce reasonable predictions of the total evacuation time regardless of the number of floors involved. The component testing also showed satisfactory outcomes regarding the involvement of disabled occupants, complexity of node configurations, and different pre-movement time distributions. However, the current model still has a number of limitations that need to be verified and tested. These include the preferred route function and the connection problem for long stairs. Further research should also be carried out on the use of the Evacuation model on other types of building structures so as to increase the confidence level of utilizing the EvacuatioNZ model for general applications.

The concept of completion of the urban circuit in Brno is based on contrast of the classic block build-up area and the vertical elements that come in the form of high-rise buildings. The designed object combines the functions of housing, recreation, service and offices in close relation to the horizontal element of pedestrian way on the viaduct. Simple masses contain the adequate features for the modern contemporary residential areas close to the city center of Brno.

Kyoto University (京都大学) / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第15367号 / 工博第3246号 / 新制||工||1488(附属図書館) / 27845 / 京都大学大学院工学研究科建築学専攻 / (主査)教授 中島 正愛, 教授 林 康裕, 教授 吹田 啓一郎 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当

The Tubed Mega Frame is a new structure concept for high-rise buildings which is developed by Tyréns. In order to study the structural performance as well as the efficiency of this new concept, a global analysis of the Tubed Mega Frame structure is performed using finite element analysis software ETABS. Besides, the lateral loads that should be applied on the structure according to different codes are also studied. From the design code study for wind loads and seismic design response spectrums, it can be seen that the calculation philosophies are different from code to code. The wind loads are approximately the same while the design response spectrums vary a lot from different codes. In the ETABS program, a 3D finite element model is built and analyzed for linear static, geometric non-linearity (P-Delta) and linear dynamic cases. The results from the analysis in the given scope show that the Tubed Mega Frame structural system is potentially feasible and has relatively high lateral stiffness and global stability. For the service limit state, the maximum story drift ratio is within the limitation of 1/400 and the maximum story acceleration is 0.011m/sec 2 which fulfill the comfort criteria.

La presente tesis, expone inicialmente el atraso del Perú en cuanto al desarrollo de edificaciones en altura respecto al resto de países en la región sudamericana. Este hecho, junto al contexto de desarrollo del país, nos lleva a esperar que este tipo de proyectos se generen en los próximos años como landmarks en el país. Tomando en cuenta la suma de ambos conceptos, junto al factor sísmico al que el país está sometido constantemente, es que planteamos realizar el diseño de un edificio en altura, para ser tomado como una referencia dentro del marco de la normativa peruana. Para lograr esto, determinaremos los usos y requerimientos usuales de un edificio en altura, tomando como ejemplo otros edificios en altura de la región; las consideraciones a ser tomadas en cuenta en los criterios de estructuración, explorando el uso de un núcleo rígido central en edificaciones de este tipo; los factores del análisis estructural que pueden variar respecto al análisis de otro tipo de edificación; y el diseño estructural de los elementos resistentes que le dan solución a los esfuerzos generados por el análisis estructural, principalmente al diseño del núcleo rígido central y las losas postensadas. / his thesis initially exposes Peru's downside in the development of tall buildings comparing it to the rest of the countries in the South American. This fact, along with the country's development context, gives us hope that these type of projects will be generated in the up coming years as landmarks in the country. Taking into account the sum of both concepts, together with the seismic factor to which the country is constantly subjected, we propose to design a tall building, to be taken as a reference within the framework of Peruvian regulations. To achieve this, we will determine the usual uses and requirements of a tall building, taking as an example other tall buildings in the region; the considerations to be taken into account in the structuring criteria, exploring the use of rigid core walls in buildings of this type; the factors of the structural analysis that may vary depending on the analysis of another type of building; and the structural design of the resistant elements that provide a solution to the stresses generated by the structural analysis, mainly the design of the central rigid core and the post-tensioned slabs. / Tesis

Modern cities are under the pressure of big social and building development. The thesis is based on aspects of housing and living of society in 21th century cities. Now China has been an extreme example of rapid urbanization. It gives us an opportunity to gain knowledge about urban development. Based on the analysis of selected examples of urban housing the thesis shows the options for the future alternatives of living. The work was process during my academic internship at Southeast University in Nanjing, China.

In Sweden as well as other countries the trend of building higher is more and more popular. The global stability of tall buildings is a very important aspect that has to be taken into account while designing. Foundation on piles, that is common in Sweden, reduces the global stability compared to foundation directly on bedrock. Using inclined piles in the foundation is inevitable for high-rise buildings, because they are essential for transferring the horizontal loads into the bedrock. The aim of this paper is to look into the influence that foundation on piles has on global stability and investigate two simple methods to asses global stability. In this thesis the influence of the stiffness of the substructure (foundation), length and inclination of the piles on the global stability were investigated. It was also looked into how does the pile center affect the rotation and thus global stability. One method that was presented was based on the equivalent stiffness. Displacement at the top of the wall is used in order to calculate the bending stiffness that is reduced due to foundation on piles and further calculate buckling load on the basis of Euler buckling. In the other method that was proposed rotation at the foundation level was taken into account so as to calculate rotational spring stiffness and later buckling load due to combined flexural and rotational buckling. The analysis was conducted on a simple two dimensional problem, namely stabilizing wall as well as a building stabilized by two towers. Three different configurations of piles were investigated for single wall as well as for the structure. The investigation showed that the position of pile center has its effect on the global stability. The closer the pile center is to the foundation on piles the better the global stability of a  structure. The length of the piles plays a role in stability as well. The longer the piles are the worse the stability is. With longer piles the overall stiffness of a structure decreases and thus the global stability. The analysis showed that the foundation of piles significantly lowers the stability of high rise building. The investigated methods showed that the one based on rotation at the base gave better results compared to the method based on the equivalent bending stiffness. But to use this first method, the position of the pile center is required to be known in order to get correct results which in a complex structure is hard to estimate. In an analysis of a building stabilized by two towers it was seen that when the inclined piles that are inclined opposite to each other in a pile group and are positioned far from rotation center of a structure it increases the global safety and rotational stiffness as well. It is recommended to use such configuration of piles that the pile center is at the foundation level in order to increase global stability. / I Sverige och andra länder är trenden att bygga högre alltmer populärt. Den globala stabiliteten hos höga byggnader är en viktig aspekt som måste beaktas vid byggnadens utformning. Den vanligaste grundläggningsmetoden i Sverige är grundläggning med pålar. Denna typ av grundläggning minskar den globala stabiliteten jämfört med grundläggning direkt på berggrunden. Att använda sneda pålar i grundläggningen är oundviklig för höghus, eftersom de är nödvändiga för att överföra horisontella laster till berggrunden. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att se hur grundläggning på pålar påverkar den globala stabiliteten och undersöka två enkla metoder för global stabilitet. I detta examensarbete undersöktes hur styvheten påverkar grundläggning med pålar med olika längder och lutningar, med hänseende på den globala stabiliteten. Pålcentrumets påverkan av rotation och den globala stabiliteten har även studerats. En metod som presenterades i examensarbetet är baserades på ekvivalent styvhet. Där utböjning på toppen av väggen togs för att beräkna böjstyvheten som reduceras på grund av grundläggning med pålar och ytterligare beräknades knäcklasten baserat på Eulers knäckning. I den andra metoden som föreslogs togs rotationen vid grundläggningsnivån med i beräkningen för att beräkna rotationsfjäderns styvhet och senare knäckningslasten på grund av kombinerad böjnings- och rotationsknäckning. Analysen genomfördes på en enkel tvådimensionell vägg och en tredimensionell byggnad som är stabiliserad av två torn. Tre olika konfigurationer av pålar undersöktes för enkel vägg och även för byggnaden Utredningen av examensarbetet visade att positionen av pålcentrum har en stor påverkan på den globala stabiliteten. Ju närmare pålcentrumet är till grundläggningsnivån desto bättre är den globala stabiliteten hos en konstruktion. Längden på pålarna har även en betydelse när det gäller stabiliteten. Ju längre pålarna är desto värre blir stabiliteten. Med längre pålar minskar den totala styvheten hos hela konstruktionen och därmed minskar även den globala stabiliteten. Utredningen visade även att metoden med rotation vid grundläggningsnivån gav mer noggrannare resultat än metoden för ekvivalent styvhet. Men för att kunna använda den förstnämnda metoden behöver man ha kännedom om vart pålcentrum ligger för konstruktionen och detta kan vara svårt att uppskatta. I en analys av en byggnad stabiliserad av två torn visades det att när pålarna är placerade långt från rotationscentrum av en konstruktion ökar den globala säkerheten och rotationsstyvheten. Det rekommenderas att använda sådan konfiguration av pålar att pålcentrum ligger på grundnivå för att öka den globala stabiliteten.

This thesis is about determining the risks of positioning swimming pools on top of high-rise buildings.Pursuing this determination, computational simulations of constructed structural models in a finiteelement model software called RFEM have been analyzed. In further pursuit of wanted results comingfrom the computational software, the models have acquired relevant theory regarding both swimmingpools and high-rise buildings respectively to obtain realistic approximations of equivalent results if themodels were real life structures. Thence analytical observations and measures of each structural modelcontaining different positions of the swimming pools are generated, in several degrees, differentpossibilities of risks of failure are possible. Results have been compared out of design of swimmingpools and high-rise buildings in an initial stage of background and thereafter set as input values for themodeling where following perspectives have been analyzed:• Structural deformations,• Internal forces,• Utilization ratios, and• Mode shapes.Further analysis of social-, economic-, and environmental sustainability have been deliberated. Thus,in conclusion of this thesis, swimming pools positioned on top of the structure core or at center of theplan section tend to harm the stability of the structure likewise if the positioning of the swimming poolare cantilevered completely over the edge of the rooftop. More suitable design would either bepositioning the swimming pool attached to the core of the structure meanwhile cantilevered over theedge or integrated entirely along the edge.The results showed that some of the overhanging swimming pools pass the requirements of theEurocode. This will result in the columns experiencing a utilization which exceed its capacity. Thecolumn utilization was shown to behave differently depending on where the swimming pool was placedon the top floor. Furthermore, it was also a difference between the structures studied as dimensions ofthe members required either more or less depending on the form the structure had. The reaction of theswimming pool could be observed to behave as a stiff part of the structures with the deformation mostlybeing located at the slabs. The internal forces developed in the members due to the swimming poolaffected the columns at the bottom floors the most. The thesis finally shows how much is needed forthe worst case of each structure to pass the requirements. This resulted in different dimensions for themembers where the smaller structure (structure model 1) needed bigger dimensions and the largerstructure (structure model 2) needed smaller dimensions compared to the originally based dimensions.The social, economic, and environmental impact of the structures showed that the larger structureswould release more carbon dioxide than the smaller structures. The social aspect was treated moreregarding the safety and the experience of the user of the facility of swimming pool. The reinforcementvaried the most between the structures with the concrete being mostly the same for the two differentstructures made, in which an impact was made for both the economic and the environmental. Here itwas shown that in order to pass the requirements of the Eurocodes the impact on the climate needed tobe considerable different.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:22:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Carolina Cabral dos Santos.pdf: 51538368 bytes, checksum: e322e509ccd6637a8d91e63c82edc976 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-30 / With the density of large cities and the shortage of urban space, the right-rise buildings has become the rule rather than the exception; and this rule applies in hospitals increasingly frequent way. Considering the complexity of flows and the variety of processes that are routinely developed in a hospital, in what ways skyscraper buildings began to affect both the architectural design and the use management of these buildings? This dissertation aims to contribute to better understanding this issue through a referenced and comparative study on three significant cases of vertical hospitals, two in São Paulo and one in London. The cases were select from a large list of works studied, and given a set of objective criteria, defined by the survey. / Com o adensamento das grandes metrópoles e a escassez de espaço urbano, a verticalização edilícia passou a ser uma regra e não mais a exceção; esta regra aplica-se nos hospitais de maneira cada vez mais frequente. Considerando-se a complexidade dos fluxos e a variedade de processos que são cotidianamente desenvolvidos em um Hospital, de que maneiras essa verticalização passou a afetar tanto o projeto arquitetônico como a gestão de uso desses edifícios? Esta dissertação de mestrado se propõe a colaborar para melhor compreender essa questão por meio de um estudo referenciado e comparativo sobre três casos significativos de hospitais verticais, sendo dois em São Paulo e um em Londres. Os casos foram selecionados a partir de uma ampla listagem de obras estudadas, e atendendo um conjunto de critérios objetivos, definidos pela pesquisa.

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / Since the last decade there is an important increase of high-rise buildings in Peru, especially in urban areas. Therefore, it is necessary to assess if the Peruvian Seismic Code is applicable for this type of buildings which have long natural periods as their main characteristic. The main objective of this article is to compare the results of the base shear and story drift ratios of Peruvian seismic design code E.030 with those of the ASCE 7-16 standard to the case of high-rise buildings, this due to the fact that there is limited information for tall buildings in Peru or comparison between national or international code for this type of structures. These high rise buildings have square and rectangular plan floors. Half of them have moment frames and reinforce concrete slab around the rigid core and the others have post-tensioned slab as their vertical load resisting system and central core walls with peripheral columns as the lateral force resisting system. Hence, the response spectrum analysis (RSA) is carried out for every case of the four tall buildings with different configurations using both seismic codes. Then results are compared with the linear response history analysis (LRHA) considering five Peruvian ground motions records, which were scaled to 0.45g PGA. It was verified that generally both the base shear and the interstory drifts calculated using ASCE7-16 are less than that obtained with the seismic code E.030.