Tjugo procent av alla människor är högkänsliga (HSP = Highly Sensitive Person), vilket innebär att de är födda med ett känsligt nervsystem. Många HSP upplever negativa konsekvenser i sin vardag som påverkar livskvaliteten. Eftersom gruppen HSP är så stor och kopplingen HSP, livskvalitet och självmedkänsla inte specifikt har undersökts, var det relevant att göra den här enkätundersökningen. De undersökta frågeställningar är: Finns det inom gruppen HSP angående variablerna: Livskvalitet, Självmedkänsla, Högkänslighet, BIS, BAS, Extraversion och Neuroticism (a) signifikanta samband mellan samtliga variablerna? (b) Till vilken grad förklarar variablerna Livskvalitet och Högkänslighet? (c) Finns det könsskillnader angående samtliga variablerna? (d) Finns det ett positivt samband mellan Högkänslighet och Ålder? De 111 deltagare var medlemmar i Sveriges Förening för Högkänsliga och samtliga var enligt självskattning HSP, som bekräftades av insamlade data. Deltagargruppen bestod av 93 kvinnor (84%) och 18 män (16%) och genomsnittsålder var 50 år, där lägsta åldern var 35 år och högsta 70. Samtliga frågeställningar har besvarats genom analysmetoderna: Pearsons korrelationsanalys, Standard Multipel Linjär Regression och T-test. Det viktigaste resultatet var att kopplingen mellan HSP och självmedkänsla bidrog med ny kunskap, där slutsatsen blev att utövandet av självmedkänsla kan bidra till att aktivt öka graden av livskvalitet för HSP. Det starkaste sambandet i studien förelåg mellan BIS och neuroticism, vilket betyder att vid en ökning av BIS, ökar graden av negativ affekt och vice versa; resultatet låg i linje med tidigare forskning. Två oväntade resultat var att (a) drivkraften (BASDrive) predicerade högkänslighet mest till skillnad från litteraturen som pekar åt BIS och neuroticism som skulle ha starkast koppling och (b) att graden av högkänslighet sjönk vid ökad ålder; vilket talar emot tidigare forskning. Uppsatsen är en relevant informationskälla för HSP och alla andra som interagerar med HSP. / Twenty percent of all people are highly sensitive (HSP = Highly Sensitive Person) which means that they are born with a sensitive nervous system. Many HSP's are experiencing negative consequences in their everyday lives that affect their quality of life. As the group HSP is large and the correlation between HSP, quality of life and self-compassion is not specifically is investigated, the present study was relevant. The examined questions are: Is there within the group of HSP regarding Quality of Life, Self-compassion, High sensitivity, BIS, BAS, Extraversion and Neuroticism (a) significant correlations between the variables? (b) To what extend do the variables explain Quality of Life and High Sensitivity? (c) Are there gender differences regarding the variables? (d) Is there a positive correlation between High Sensitivity and Age? The 111 participants were members of the Sveriges Förening för Högkänsliga and all were HSP according to self-assessment, which also was confirmed by the data collected. The group of participants consisted of 93 women (84%) and 18 men (16%) and the average age was 50, where the lowest age was 35 years and the highest 70. All questions were answered by these analytical methods: Pearson's correlation analysis, Standard Multiple Linear Regression and T-test. The main outcome was that the link between HSP and self-compassion contributed to new knowledge, which concluded that the practice of Self-compassion can help to actively increase the level of quality of life for HSP's. The strongest correlation in the study was between BIS and neuroticism, which means that at an increase of BIS, the degree of negative affect also increased and vice versa; the result was in line with previous research. Two unexpected results were that (a) the driving force (BASDrive) predicted high sensitivity most, unlike the literature suggesting that BIS and neuroticism would have the strongest connection and (b) the degree of high sensitivity decreased with increase in age; which contradicts earlier research. The essay is a relevant source of information for the HSP and all others who are interacting with HSP.

In this thesis, the properties of the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in low dimensions are reviewed. Three dimensional weakly interacting Bose systems are examined by the variational method. The effects of both the attractive and the repulsive interatomic forces are studied. Thomas-Fermi approximation is applied to find the ground state energy and the chemical potential. The occurrence of the BEC in low dimensional systems, is studied for ideal gases confined by both harmonic and power-law potentials. The properties of BEC in highly anisotropic trap are investigated and the conditions for reduced dimensionality are derived.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2002. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Thesis (Dr.P.H.)--University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 114-126).

Thesis (MMed) -- Stellenbosch University, 2010. / Bibliography / Objective: The objective of this retrospective cohort study is to assess whether demographic and anthropometric parameters, laboratory tests, co-morbidity, co-infection, treatment regimen, IRIS and adherence to treatment predict the expected response to HAART and differences if any, in the pattern of response as measured by CD4 count, weight gain and haemoglobin levels in two cohorts of patients in Roma, The Kingdom of Lesotho. Method: Data were collected randomly from a computerised database of the Antiretroviral Centre of the hospital and two cohorts of 151 subjects in each of the two arms of the study were identified from hospital records from January 2008. Each of these subjects was followed up over a period of 12 months with data obtained for at least 2 visits within the 12 month span. Data were obtained at baseline, 3 months and also at 6 and 12 months marks. Data on characteristics were compared between the two arms. Variables that may be potential confounders were identified and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out to establish differences independent of confounding factors for the combined endpoints as well as for each endpoint separately. Results: In all 302 patients had their records analysed and comparison of clinical and immunological response patterns in patients taking AZT and TDF-containing ART regimens and the possible prediction of which the regimen would be better and within which population. Despite the perceived mismatch between two NRTIs it can be concluded from the results of this study that, overall, the inclusion of AZT in treatment regimen showed a modest protective effect over the TDF counterpart as measured by the endpoints of the discriminative powers of the Receiver Operating Curves of the explanatory variables being 66% , 77% and 66% for CD4, Haemoglobin and Weight respectively, and 63%, 70% and 65% for the same variables in the AZT and TDF arms of the study respectively. Conclusion: In a population of HIV patients on treatment in resource-limited settings AZT-containing regimens appear to show a slight improvement over the TDF-containing ones.

Ce travail de thèse vise à identifier les mécanismes par lesquels la fraction volumique de charges, la distribution de tailles des charges, le comportement mécanique du liant et les propriétés d’adhésion liant/charge des propergols composites influent sur le comportement mécanique jusqu’à rupture de ces matériaux. Des calculs de microstructures 2D par éléments finis sont mis en œuvre pour caractériser qualitativement l’évolution de la microstructure du composite au cours d’une sollicitation de traction uniaxiale à faible vitesse de déformation. Ils prennent notamment en compte un modèle de zone cohésive pour représenter la décohésion à l’interface liant/charge et un critère original de ruine de la microstructure. Les résultats numériques sont favorablement comparés aux tendances obtenues expérimentalement sur propergols composites industriels et modèles. Par ailleurs, une validation de l’approche qualitative précédente est conduite en effectuant une confrontation quantitative du comportement mécanique et de la variation volumique d’un composite modèle, obtenus par simulation de microstructures 3D et par caractérisations expérimentales. Enfin, la tenue du propergol dans un assemblage propergol/lieur soumis à un test de pelage est étudiée expérimentalement. / This work aims at understanding the relationship between solid propellants particles volume fraction, particles size distribution, binder mechanical properties and binder/particles bonding with the mechanical behavior up to failure of these materials. Finite elements analyses on 2D microstructures are performed in order to qualitatively characterize the microstructure evolution throughout uniaxial tensile loading at small strain rate. These simulations account for the binder/particles debonding with a cohesive zone model and implement an original failure criterion. Simulation and experimental results are consistent. Besides, a quantitative comparison between simulations on 3D microstructures and experimental data is drawn in order to validate the above qualitative results. It is performed on a model composite and compares both the mechanical behavior and the volume variations. At last, the propellant failure during a peeling test of the liner/propellant structure is studied experimentally.

Depuis plusieurs années, les constructeurs automobiles suivent la voie du « downsizing » pour le développement des moteurs à allumage commandé. Ce procédé basé sur la réduction des cylindrées moteur combinée à la suralimentation a déjà fait ses preuves quant à son intérêt dans l’augmentation du rendement et la réduction des émissions polluantes des moteurs à essence. Les nouvelles conditions thermodynamiques, de turbulence et de dilution de ces moteurs engendrant de nouvelles possibilités de dilution dans les mélanges air/carburant, elles amènent également de nouvelles problématiques quant aux combustions anormales observées et l’apparition d’importantes variabilités cycliques. Ces travaux de thèse s’insèrent dans l’objectif de compréhension du comportement des flammes de prémélange d’isooctane/air en expansion dans des conditions représentatives d’un moteur « downsizé ». Leur étude a dans un premier temps été réalisée dans des conditions laminaires afin d’extraire les vitesses de flammes et longueurs de Markstein associées aux différents mélanges réactifs, et notamment sous forte dilution. Des corrélations ont alors été développées pour répondre aux besoins des modèles de simulation. Un nouveau dispositif de diagnostic optique a ensuite été employé pour améliorer la visualisation des flammes turbulentes en expansion. Une corrélation de coefficient correctif est ici développée pour remédier à la surestimation de vitesse engendrée par une visualisation Schlieren de ces flammes turbulentes. Une étude approfondie de l’influence des conditions thermodynamiques initiales, de la turbulence, ainsi que des caractéristiques diffusives du mélange air/carburant a par ailleurs été conduite afin d’isoler l’effet de chacun de ces paramètres sur le développement et la propagation de la flamme turbulente. Enfin l’effet d’une évolution simultanée des conditions thermodynamiques initiales similaire à celle d’une compression moteur a été étudié pour mieux appréhender les changements de comportement des flammes turbulentes dans des conditions plus représentatives du moteur à allumage commandé. / For several years, “downsizing” is used by car manufacturers to develop new spark ignition engines. This method based on the reduction of engine size combined with an increase of intake pressure (turbocharger) is well known to reduce pollutant emissions and increase efficiency. New thermodynamic, turbulent and dilution conditions could be used with these new engines but they can bring new issues like unusual combustion or cyclic variability. This thesis took place to improve the understanding of premixed expanding isooctane/air flames behavior under downsized engine-like conditions. As a first step, this work is conducted under laminar conditions to extract laminar burning velocities and Markstein lengths of the different mixtures, especially under high dilution. New correlations are then developed to answer the needs of numerical models. A new optical dispositive is then used to improve the visualization of turbulent expanding flames. A corrective coefficient correlation is proposed to avoid the overestimated values of turbulent burning speed generated by Schlieren visualization with such turbulent flames. A deep survey of starting conditions (temperature, pressure, turbulence, dissipative characteristics of air/fuel mixtures) influence is done to investigate the effect of each parameters on the development and the propagation of the turbulent flame. Finally, the effect of a coupled rise of initial temperature and pressure, similar to an engine compression, is studied to better understand the changes of flame behavior under more realistic spark-ignition engine conditions.

Purpose of the study - Identify predictors of mortality and develop a related care plan for patients who are on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Gondar, Ethiopia. Design - A quantitative, retrospective cohort study was conducted analysing medical records of HIV patients who presented to Gondar University Hospital (GUH), Gondar, and started ART between 1 January 2007 and 30 June 2010. Results - In defining the predictors of mortality, the findings in bivariate analysis revealed: female sex, CD4 cell count ≤ 50/μl, CD4 cell count 51-199/μl, a haemoglobin concentration ≤8g/dl, a history of oral candidiasis, tuberculosis and Cryptococcus meningitis were all statistically significant. A female sex, CD4 cell count ≤ 50/μl and CD4 cell count 51-199/μl maintain their significance level in the multivariate analysis. Conclusions - The study therefore recommends that clinicians and case managers be vigilant of these predictors of mortality while managing HIV patients who are on ART / Health Studies / M.A. (Public Health)

Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:49:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-12-31 / A terapia anti-retroviral (TARV) contribui para a diminuição da morbidade e da mortalidade, com conseqüente aumento da sobrevida. No Brasil, há diferenças regionais relativas à dinâmica da epidemia do HIV e ao seu enfrentamento no grupo das gestantes e das crianças com HIV/AIDS. Este estudo verifica o tempo de sobrevida após o diagnóstico de aids em 914 crianças infectadas por transmissão vertical, entre os anos de 1983 e 1998 e acompanhadas até 2002, nas cinco regiões brasileiras. O tempo decorrido do nascimento ao diagnóstico de infecção pelo HIV, ao longo dos anos, apresenta uma diminuição, principalmente nos estados das regiões Sul e Sudeste. Houve melhora significativa da sobrevivência, mais de 75% dos casos ainda estavam vivendo quatro anos após o diagnóstico, no grupo de 1997 e 1998. Esta análise brasileira mostra ser possível para um país em desenvolvimento, estabelecer um sistema efetivo de acesso gratuito e universal à TARV, mesmo com dificuldades regionais para a organização de uma infra-estrutura ideal de saúde, tendo como resultado um aumento significativo na sobrevivência. / Antiretroviral therapy contributes to decreasing morbidity and mortality, and consequently increasing survival. In Brazil, there are regional differences about HIV epidemic dynamics and in confront among pregnant women and children with HIV/AIDS. This study verifies survival time after AIDS diagnosis in 914 children infected by mother-to-child transmission, between 1983 and 1998 and followed until 2002, in the five Brazilian regions. Time between birth and HIV diagnosis, along the years, decreased mainly in the states of South and South-East regions. There was a significant improvement in survival; more than 75% of cases still living four years after diagnosis in the 1997-1998 group. This Brazilian study demonstrates that even with regional inequalities for organizing an ideal structure of health care it is possible for a developing country to establish an effective system of universal and free access to HAART and having a significant increase in survival. / TEDE / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações

Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:50:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-08-26. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-08-11T03:25:27Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 Publico-00273.pdf: 185690 bytes, checksum: 37d322315cf1719837773ccc6521625a (MD5) / Embora não muito comum, o curso clínico da co-infecção do vírus da hepatite B (VHB) e do vírus da hepatite delta (VHD) geralmente é pior. Um prognóstico ainda pior pode ser esperado em pacientes co-infectados HBV-HDV e com infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV). Entretanto, existem poucos dados na literatura sobre o tema, especialmente na era HAART. Nesse estudo, um total de 26 pacientes com co-infecção HBV-HDV, 16 HIV-positivos e 10 HIV-negativos, foram retrospectivamente analisados. Parâmetros hepáticos e virológicos de laboratório na última visita (ALT, HBV-DNA e HDVRNA) foram comparados entre os grupos. É importante ressaltar que todos pacientes infectados pelo HIV haviam recebido, sempre no contexto do HAART, medicamentos orais com atividade anti-VHB por um período prolongado de tempo. Contudo, esse foi o caso de somente dois indivíduos HIV-negativos. A proporção de pacientes com fibrose hepática avançada foi comparável nos dois grupos (40% em ambos) assim como, a taxa de mortalidade. Nós fazemos a hipótese de que a terapia anti-VHB por tempo prolongado no contexto do HAART, poderia beneficiar o prognóstico hepático dos pacientes infectados pelos vírus HIV-HBV-HDV. / TEDE / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações