This Critical Review discusses the significance of the author’s published works and their impact on the history of the emergence of British television between 1926 and 1936. Although events in television within this period have since been well-documented, the related debates have tended to be specialist in scope and restricted to technology-centric or institution-centric viewpoints. Within this period of complex, rapid technological change, the author’s published works introduce the principle of embracing multiple disciplines for comparative analysis. The author’s application of that principle opens up long-established views for further debate and provides a re-assessment of early British television within a broader context. The rewards of this approach are a view of events that not only avoids nationalistic bias and restrictions of a single institutional viewpoint, but also tackles the complex inter-dependencies of technology, of service provision and of content creation. These published works draw attention to the revolutionary improvements that enabled the BBC’s 1936 service and the re-definition of television, yet also emphasise the significance of the previous television broadcast services. The most important innovation within these works has been the author’s discovery and in-depth study of artefacts from that earlier period. His recovery, analysis and presentation of video recordings of historic early television from 1927-1935 is original and remains unique. It has had a significant impact on the field of Media Archaeology, where Ernst considers the book Restoring Baird’s Image as a ‘seminal’ work and the overall restoration project ‘a brilliant case of “Digital Humanities” research’ (Appendix 2). The author’s curation of content from the period 1927-1935 enhances our understanding of a time where previously no direct television footage was thought to exist. The author extends his forensic-level investigative ‘hands-on’ techniques from this recovery to the analysis of the surviving artefacts from the time of John Logie Baird’s claimed first demonstration of television in 1926. The results clarify not only the functions of the equipment but also the circumstances and validity of the event, and hence its true place in the history of television.

As a future teacher in history you need to know that you have the task, not only teaching your students about the past, you also have the task to teach your students about values that should permeate our society. How all people should be treated equally, regardless of gender, ethnicity, sexual oritentation or faith. In our Swedish society today, the media has greater impact than before. By that I mean that the Internet, smartphones, and all apps that revolve around social media have grown enormously. Students are influenced by the media every day. It’s also important that the students understand how companies choose to express themselves. Throughout the years, the woman has been seen as a "housewife" while the man was considered to be the one that was supposed to provide the family. I want to investigate how Swedish companies choose to produce the different sexes through their marketing. Briefly, the result was that the company chooses to show gender depending on who the advertisement is intended for. In advertising directed against men, the woman is used as a stereotype woman. But it does not mean that the advertisement is discriminatory. This is where you have to make a distinction between what is stereotypical and what is discriminatory. The interesting thing is that the woman in the first advertisements is produced as a housewife. In today's society when the norms have changed, she has left the housewife role but is still being represented as the typical woman.

This is a study about the literature used in the Swedish and the Serbian schools and whether there are any differences in the information given about four historical events given to scholars. The events are about how the first world war started, how the first world war ended, how the second world ended and lastly how Yugoslavia dissociated. The purpose of this study is to collect all the information and compare the Swedish with the textbooks from Serbia and lastly to analyze the differences. The questions at issue is what is written in the textbooks about the four historical events and what the differences are between the two counties. The conclusion to this study is that there is not as much differences between the two countries as expected. The Serbian textbooks are more cultural, and the Swedish textbooks are more from a political point of view. But they still talk about the same historical events, and even though some of the textbooks does not write as much as the others. There are more similarities than differences, for example is the information about the attack on Franz Ferdinand death in Sarajevo almost the same. The difference is the amount, the author, has chosen to write.

The purpose of this essay is to make visible, how and to what extent, women are illuminated in selected textbooks. All textbooks in this study are aimed at high school. In this essay, a qualitative method has been applied to generate opportunities to draw conclusions from the examined material. The textbooks are scrutinized individually and then compared to each other. Finally, the textbooks are set against the curricula to answer the overall question of the thesis, How well do the textbooks correspond with the curricula? Using theoretical formulas, the study shows that women are marginalized in all textbooks. It is the men's history that is served which generates that women become more like a complement. This study also shows that when women are co-authors, the representation of women in the textbooks increases. Although women are underrepresented it has over a 50-year period become more equal and it is our responsibility as future teachers to continue the gender equality work at school.

Both in the present and the past, horses have a strong presence in New Zealand society and culture. The country’s temperate climate and colonial environment allowed horses to flourish and accordingly became accessible to a wide range of people. Horses acted as an agent of colonisation for their role in shaping the landscape and fostering relationships between coloniser and colonised. Imported horses and the traditions associated with them, served to maintain a cultural link between Great Britain and her colony, a characteristic that continued well into the twentieth century. Not all of these transplanted readily to the colonial frontier and so they were modified to suit the land and its people. There are a number of horses that have meaning to this country. The journey horse, sport horse, work horse, warhorse, wild horse, pony and Maori horse have all contributed to the creation of ideas about community and nationhood. How these horses are represented in history, literature and imagery reveal much of the attitudes, values, aspirations and anxieties of the times. Yet despite the clear significance of horses to this country, no one breed of horse has emerged to represent the country as a whole. Unlike many other modern nations, New Zealand has not identified a national horse. Close allegiance to the British heritage as well as a strong sense of local and regional identity has meant that there is no New Zealand Horse to take its place beside the Australian Stockhorse, the Canadian Horse or any of the other national horses.

Whole document restricted, see Access Instructions file below for details of how to access the print copy. / Nineteenth-century representations of prostitutes were governed, modern historians argue, by a powerful and resilient mythology. The myth of the prostitute’s downward progress – a narrative involving disease, destitution, and early death – was allegedly crystallised in the Victorian consciousness from the 1840s, and consequently reproduced (visually and in print) into the mid and late Victorian period. Despite innovative studies into the social, economic, and cultural context of Victorian prostitution, scholars continue to read the sources for the omnipotence of the myth of downward trajectory. Such readings continue to constrain interpretations of Victorian ideologies regarding prostitution. Studying contemporary representations provides a way of reading prostitution. The analysis of texts reveals the construction of social meanings, attitudes, agendas, anxieties, and fears. This thesis reads a selection of post-1850 sources to subject Victorian ideology on prostitution to much needed scrutiny. The five chosen case studies represent the variety of discourses and cultural interest in prostitution in the Victorian period: Dr. William Acton’s Prostitution Considered (1870); The Report of the Royal Commission into the Contagious Diseases Acts (1871); Josephine Butler’s early repeal campaign literature; Wilkie Collins’ novel, The New Magdalen (1873); and the pornographic ‘memoir’, My Secret Life (c.1890). The choice of texts provides an argument on two fronts: canonical texts must be revisited and reread for their multiple layers, internal contradictions, and interpretative potential; and alternative sources should be utilised to illustrate the variety within the repertoire of Victorian cultural representations. In focusing on representations this thesis challenges scholarly orthodoxies. Where scholars have continued to read homogeneity in Victorian attitudes to prostitution, this thesis finds complexity, flexibility, and dissonance. The myth of the prostitute’s downward progress remained a popular narrative in much Victorian discourse on prostitution. But it was not the only narrative and did not go unchallenged. The prostitute was a powerful cultural symbol in the Victorian period and remains a figure of sustained interest for modern academics. It is therefore essential to recognise the complex ways in which she was represented in Victorian culture. This thesis argues for the heterogeneity of Victorian attitudes to prostitution.

Whole document restricted, see Access Instructions file below for details of how to access the print copy. / Nineteenth-century representations of prostitutes were governed, modern historians argue, by a powerful and resilient mythology. The myth of the prostitute’s downward progress – a narrative involving disease, destitution, and early death – was allegedly crystallised in the Victorian consciousness from the 1840s, and consequently reproduced (visually and in print) into the mid and late Victorian period. Despite innovative studies into the social, economic, and cultural context of Victorian prostitution, scholars continue to read the sources for the omnipotence of the myth of downward trajectory. Such readings continue to constrain interpretations of Victorian ideologies regarding prostitution. Studying contemporary representations provides a way of reading prostitution. The analysis of texts reveals the construction of social meanings, attitudes, agendas, anxieties, and fears. This thesis reads a selection of post-1850 sources to subject Victorian ideology on prostitution to much needed scrutiny. The five chosen case studies represent the variety of discourses and cultural interest in prostitution in the Victorian period: Dr. William Acton’s Prostitution Considered (1870); The Report of the Royal Commission into the Contagious Diseases Acts (1871); Josephine Butler’s early repeal campaign literature; Wilkie Collins’ novel, The New Magdalen (1873); and the pornographic ‘memoir’, My Secret Life (c.1890). The choice of texts provides an argument on two fronts: canonical texts must be revisited and reread for their multiple layers, internal contradictions, and interpretative potential; and alternative sources should be utilised to illustrate the variety within the repertoire of Victorian cultural representations. In focusing on representations this thesis challenges scholarly orthodoxies. Where scholars have continued to read homogeneity in Victorian attitudes to prostitution, this thesis finds complexity, flexibility, and dissonance. The myth of the prostitute’s downward progress remained a popular narrative in much Victorian discourse on prostitution. But it was not the only narrative and did not go unchallenged. The prostitute was a powerful cultural symbol in the Victorian period and remains a figure of sustained interest for modern academics. It is therefore essential to recognise the complex ways in which she was represented in Victorian culture. This thesis argues for the heterogeneity of Victorian attitudes to prostitution.

This thesis examines the history of the University of Queensland Women Graduates’ Association (UQWGA) from 1920 to 1979. The association was established by a small group of women graduates in Brisbane in 1920, and from that time they maintained links with graduate women throughout Australia and internationally. These links were formalised in 1922 when the Australian Federation of University Women was formed and immediately affiliated with the International Federation of University Women. The UQWGA aimed to connect and support graduate women locally as well as promote the values of the IFUW which included international friendship and peace. The history of women’s organisations in Australia has attracted little scholarly attention. This thesis contributes to the growing body of research on the women’s movement from the end of World War I to the emergence of women’s liberation in the 1970s. The members of the UQWGA believed that through their university education they had developed the skills and knowledge to contribute to the betterment of society. University education had also instilled in them a sense of privileged that was a motivating factor in their mobilisation. The UQWGA provided a supportive and stimulating space for graduate women that encouraged their endeavours in professional and public life. The actions and approach of the UQWGA reflect those of other mainstream women’s organisation up to the mid-1960s. The organisation promoted its agenda through ‘polite lobbying,’ utilising methods that were respectful of established systems and processes. The UQWGA established and maintained supportive relationships with other organisations, both men’s and women’s, and with the University of Queensland. The association was primarily concerned with issues of the status and position of graduate women, but members felt that their contribution would also be valued in the wider community. This thesis aims to locate the work of the UQWGA in the context of the women’s movement in Australia, including how it reacted to the altering women’s movement of the 1970s when it changed its name to the Australian Federation of University Women – Queensland.

<p>The views on and the knowledge of the introduction of iron to Scandinavia have change by the history of archaeology. The results and discussions are put in the context of time and how that time is reflected in their work and texts. This limits that scholars put up to orientate themselves conceal the complex reality. The limits are changing all the time and is dependent of time and person.</p>

The role of London in forming New Zealand���s culture and identity is a significant feature of New Zealand���s cultural history that has, until now, been overlooked. Ties with London and with ���Home��� generally, have received little study, and ���Britishness��� in New Zealand is largely considered a legacy of demography to be eventually outgrown. This thesis suggests something different. During the period 1890-1940, technology changed cultural perceptions of time and space, and it changed the relationship between metropole and former colony too. These technologies drew New Zealand and London closer together. London was constructed as an active part of the New Zealand cultural landscape, rather than as a nostalgic remnant of a predominantly British-born settler population. London was New Zealand���s metropolis too, with consequences for the way New Zealand culture was shaped. This thesis considers the cultural impact of London using four tropes linked to those changing perceptions of time and space. ���Greater New Zealand��� is concerned with space, whilst ������New��� New Zealand��� is concerned with time. ���London���s Farm��� and the ���Imaginative Hinterland��� consider propinquity and simultaneity respectively. Each theme draws from different bases of evidence in order to suggest London���s broad impact. Collectively, they argue for a shift away from a core and periphery relationship, towards one better described as a city and hinterland relationship. This approach draws upon existing national, imperial, and cultural historiography, whilst at the same time questioning some of their conventions and conceptions. New Zealand as hinterland challenges the conceptual borders of ���national history���, exploring the transnational nature of cultural formations that otherwise have been considered as autochthonous New Zealand (or for that matter, British) developments. At the same time, whilst hinterlands may exist as part of empire, they are not necessarily products of it. Nor are they necessarily formed in opposition to the metropole, even though alterity is often used to explain colonial relationships. ���New Zealand���s London��� is, instead a reciprocal creation. Its shared cultural landscape is specific, but at the same time, it offers an alternative means for understanding other white settler colonies. Like New Zealand, their cultural histories may be more complex cultural constructions than national or imperial stories allow. / Whole document restricted, but available by request, use the feedback form to request access.