This study is concerned with the significance of the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935 on the public utility holding companies which were operating in Texas in 1935.

This study aims to investigate the informational efficiency of the Johannesburg Stock Exchange with respect to monetary policy. Multivariate co-integration, Granger causality, vector error correction model, impulse response function analysis and variance decomposition analysis are employed to determine the semi-strong form efficiency in South African equity market. Monthly data of Johannesburg Stock Exchange index, money supply (M1 & M2), short term interest rate, inflation, rand/dollar exchange rate, London Stock Exchange index (FSTE100) and GDP from 2000-2009 are the variables of interest.Weak form efficiency is examined using unit root tests. The results of this study show evidence of weak form efficiency of the JSE using the Augmented-Dickey Fuller and Philip-Perron unit root tests. The results reject the hypothesis that the JSE is semi-strong and have important implications for government policy, regulatory authorities and participants in the South African stock market.

This thesis provides an empirical investigation on how different public listing locations affect the CEO (chief executive officer)’s pay of Chinese SOEs (State Owned Enterprises) and whether such a pay differential would in turn affect the listing location choice by those firms, which have not received much attention in the current literature. In particular, we focus on two stock markets, the mainland (including Shenzhen and Shanghai) A-share market and Hong Kong H-share market. Unlike what have been found in many other markets, where firms listed in the foreign markets can normally enjoy a price premium, Chinese firms listed in the Hong Kong market (H-share) usually face a discount in prices comparing to what they can get in the domestic stock markets (A-share). So it is a real puzzle why they are eager to be listed in Hong Kong. Explanations have been sought in the past regarding to access to international capital markets and reputation or image effects for the Chinese firms. Our study contributes to the current oversea-listing literature by examining CEOs’ personal factors that affect listing location choice of SOEs in China. In this thesis, we aim to examine the association between CEO’s pay and different listing locations. Our sample covers all the Chinese listed SOEs in both A-share and H-share over the period of 1990-2009. First, we examined the effect of different listing locations on CEO’s pay and found that a positive CEO’s pay differential exists for H-share listing other things being equal, which means a wage premium for H-share CEOs. Furthermore, our evidences also support the hypothesis that such a wage premium does provide an incentive for CEOs to choose to list in Hong Kong.

by Chan Ping Cheung, Fung Hon Cheung. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 64-66). / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii / PREFACE --- p.v / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Our Approach --- p.2 / Chapter II. --- METHODOLOGY --- p.3 / Steps --- p.3 / Chapter III. --- MAJOR BUSINESS OF CHEUNG KONG (HOLDINGS) LIMITED / PRIOR TO THE SPIN-OFF --- p.5 / Genera] Description --- p.5 / Major Lines of Business --- p.7 / Chapter IV. --- ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL POSITION OF CKH --- p.14 / Other Financial Obligations --- p.15 / Chapter V. --- FUNDING STRATEGIES --- p.18 / Chapter VI. --- THE WHOLE STORY OF CKI'S SPIN-OFF --- p.20 / Chapter VII. --- MARKET COMMENTS ON CKI'S SPIN-OFF --- p.23 / Chapter VIII. --- THE MAIN REASON FOR CKI'S SPIN-OFF --- p.27 / Chapter IX. --- OTHER MANAGERIAL PURPOSES AND INCENTIVES OF CKI'S SPIN-OFF --- p.31 / Chapter X. --- POSSIBLE DISADVANTAGES OF SPIN-OFF --- p.34 / Chapter XI. --- THE SHARE PRICE PERFORMANCE OF CKI --- p.36 / Chapter XII. --- CONCLUSION --- p.41 / APPENDIX / Chapter I. --- ANALYSIS OF SPIN-OFFS --- p.42 / Chapter II --- BUSINESSES & HIGHLIGHTS OF CKI --- p.44 / Chapter III --- CHEUNG KONG GROUP STRUCTURE CHART --- p.48 / Chapter IV --- LEGAL ASPECTS OF SPIN-OFF --- p.49 / Chapter V --- HISTORY OF CKH --- p.51 / Chapter VI --- CHINA-CONCEPT IPOS --- p.53 / BIBLOGRAPHY --- p.54

Thesis (MAcc) -- Stellenbosch University, 2004. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In order for a taxpayer to be entitled to a deduction for expenditure actually incurred, the taxpayer must meet the requirements of section 11(a), read with the provisions of sections 23(f) and 23(g). The preamble of section 11 requires that the taxpayer should incur the expenditure in the carrying on of a trade, before it will be deductible. Therefore, taxpayers who do not carry on a trade will not be allowed any deductions for expenditure actually incurred in terms of section 11(a). In the case of a holding company that grants loans to its subsidiaries or associates, there is a general prevailing view that the holding company does not carry on a trade in respect of the loans granted. Therefore it is argued that the holding company is not entitled to any deductions in terms of section 11(a). This study questions the above-mentioned general view by considering case law and the opinions of various tax experts. The question is raised whether the holding company could be regarded as carrying on a trade, and if so, under what circumstances that will be the case. A secondary issue that will be considered is whether the holding company is entitled to deductions in respect of interest expenditure actually incurred. In this regard a distinction is made between moneylenders and non-moneylenders. The writer reaches the conclusion that the definition of “trade” is not all-inclusive, and that the Legislator intended that the term should be interpreted as widely as possible. Therefore, the writer is of the opinion that taxpayers who are not moneylenders could, under certain circumstances, be carrying on a trade in respect of the granting of loans and should thus be entitled to income tax deductions for expenditure incurred. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Vir ‘n belastingpligtige om op ‘n aftrekking vir uitgawes werklik aangegaan, geregtig te wees, moet aan die bepalings van artikel 11(a), saamgelees met dié van artikels 23(f) en 23(g) voldoen word. Die aanhef tot artikel 11 vereis dat ‘n belastingpligtige die uitgawes in die beoefening van ‘n bedryf moet aangaan voordat ‘n aftrekking gëeis kan word. Belastingpligtiges wat dus nie ‘n bedryf beoefen nie, sal op geen aftrekkings vir uitgawes werklik aangegaan ingevolge artikel 11(a) geregtig wees nie. Met betrekking tot ‘n houermaatskappy wat lenings aan sy filiale of geassosieerdes toestaan, heers daar ‘n algemene siening dat die houermaatskappy nie ‘n bedryf beoefen met betrekking tot die toestaan van lenings nie. Daarom word geargumenteer dat die houermaatskappy nie ingevolge artikel 11(a) op enige aftrekkings geregtig is nie. In hierdie studie word bogenoemde algemene siening krities aan die hand van regspraak en menings van belastingkenners oorweeg. Die vraag word gevra of die houermaatskappy nie wel beskou kan word om ‘n bedryf te beoefen nie, en indien wel, onder watter omstandighede dit so sal wees. ‘n Sekondêre aspek wat oorweeg word, is of die houermaatskappy op ‘n aftrekking vir rente uitgawes werklik aangegaan by die toestaan van die lenings geregtig is. In hierdie verband word ‘n onderskeid tussen geldskieters en nie-geldskieters getref. Die skrywer kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat die omskrywing van “bedryf” nie allesomvattend is nie, en dat dit blyk of dit die Wetgewer se bedoeling was om die begrip so wyd as moontlik te stel. Dit is die skrywer se mening dat belastingpligtiges wat nie geldskieters is nie, wel onder bepaalde omstandighede beskou kan word om ‘n bedryf te beoefen met betrekking tot die toestaan van lenings. Daarom behoort sulke belastingpligtiges wel op inkomstebelastingaftrekkings vir uitgawes werklik aangegaan, geregtig te wees.

Univ., Diss.--Marburg, 2004.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universiẗat Marburg, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 225-243).

Submitted by Raquel Pedro (ralmeidapedro@gmail.com) on 2012-10-18T19:05:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_MEX_Raquel Pedro.pdf: 1919219 bytes, checksum: ab40c4cbc3cfa14761dc6765204d455c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2012-10-18T19:12:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_MEX_Raquel Pedro.pdf: 1919219 bytes, checksum: ab40c4cbc3cfa14761dc6765204d455c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2012-10-19T14:01:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_MEX_Raquel Pedro.pdf: 1919219 bytes, checksum: ab40c4cbc3cfa14761dc6765204d455c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-19T14:01:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_MEX_Raquel Pedro.pdf: 1919219 bytes, checksum: ab40c4cbc3cfa14761dc6765204d455c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-31 / O objetivo desta dissertação é analisar modelos de governança de subsidiárias que atuam no Brasil, buscando identificar os mecanismos mais adotados, bem como levantar os problemas de agência em relação às empresas controladoras, que podem ocorrer ou se intensificar em função de possíveis desvios nesses modelos, impactando as decisões empresariais. Tendo como referência a governança corporativa e os pressupostos e propostas da teoria da agência, o estudo constrói uma revisão da relação empresa acionista-subsidiárias em diferentes pesquisas. / The purpose of this paper is to analyze the subsidiaries governance models within Brazil, aiming to identify the most adopted mechanisms, and also recognize the agency problems related to the holdings that can happen or be intensified due to some deviations in these models, affecting the business decisions. Based on corporative governance and on the assumptions and proposals of the agency theory, the paper reviews the relationship between holding companies and their subsidiaries in different studies.

本文主要目的在探討金融控股公司於進行交叉銷售時教育訓練體系之規劃研究。在總體環境與個體環境產生變革之促使下，金融業跨業兼營各類商品將會逐漸成為未來趨勢，本文希望以目前國內實際從事金融商品交叉銷售之金融保險業為研究範圍，並以負責規劃相關教育訓練活動之執行者及受訓者為研究對象，透過人員問卷查詢與訪談，及報章雜誌等相關文獻之探討，進一步分析交叉銷售時訓練體系規劃可行架構，期能對新興之金融控股公司進行交叉銷售活動時有所助益。 研究中首先透過金融業傳統教育訓練體系之分析，分別探討產物保險，人壽保險，銀行與證券公司之訓練體系，發現企業教育訓練方式將隨產業急遽變化而轉變。次則分析金融控股公司設立對金融產業之影響，包括商品，客層區隔與交叉銷售通路，而以花旗銀行為例。繼而以訪談及問卷查詢彙整結果，發現金融控股公司成立後，進行交叉銷售對企業訓練單位及受訓員工皆產生影響。最後綜合本研究結果，提出對業者進行交叉銷售訓練模式與相關實務執行之建議。期望透過本研究，能對從事交叉銷售訓練之金融控股公司或非金融控股公司與相關人員有所助益，且使其教育訓練模式之效益極大化。 / Under the pressure of changes from macro and micro environments, cross selling of various products and services among different financial industries become a trend in the near future The purpose of this paper is to analyze the establishment of training system for the cross selling demand in financial holding company. The analysis covers the financial insurance industry with practical cross-selling experience of financial products, and targets persons who are responsible to plan related training activities and trainees. The analysis method is through questionnaire survey and interview, as well as investigation of media reporting, to further analyze the possible framework of cross selling training system, with an aim to benefit those booming financial holding companies while they implement cross selling activities. Propose certain recommendations for the booming financial holding companies while they implement the cross selling activities. The study begins with analysis of traditional training system of the financial industry, including property insurance, life insurance, banks and security companies, and discovers the training methods shall change with the rapid change of the industry. Followed by analysis of the impact of financial holding companies to industry, including products, customer segmentation, and cross-selling, taking CITI CORP. as example. Then consolidates result collected from the interview and survey, finds out that after the financial holding company set up, cross selling has impacted both training persons and trainees. Lastly this paper proposes recommendations for companies doing cross selling training and practical execution, expecting to benefit both financial holding companies and non-holding companies, related persons who work on cross selling training, and to maximize the effectiveness of training models.

The Financial Services Modernization Act, also known as the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA), of 1999 has permitted U.S. bank holding companies (BHCs) to operate in non-banking activities that are financial in nature. This dissertation addresses the impact of this across-activity diversification within the U.S. financial services industry on the profitability and the risk-adjusted performance of bank holding companies. Using a variety of diversification measures, the study analyzes the relationship between corporate diversification and the financial performance of BHCs pre- and post-GLBA, from 1990 to 2011. The analysis of the profitability-diversification relationship provides evidence that the negative impact of revenue diversification on the profitability of banking firms that exists in the literature is mainly due to measurement and model specification issues. Failure to differentiate between interest-versus-noninterest and banking-versus-nonbanking types of revenue diversification has resulted in using measures of the first type of diversification to study the second, leading to inaccurate results. Moreover, introducing nonlinearity to the relationship between revenue diversification and profitability provides evidence that this relationship is negative only at relatively low levels of diversification but positive if the level of diversification is sufficiently high. Controlling for these measurement and model specification issues results in profitability premium, rather than discount, that is associated with higher levels of revenue diversification. The study also employs an event study methodology to measure how stock markets respond to mergers and acquisitions (M&As) in which BHCs acquire other banking and nonbanking financial targets. The cumulative abnormal returns (CARs) to acquirers and targets show that M&A that are either non-diversifying or diversifying within closely-related credit intermediation activities increase the value of merged firms. The effect of M&As that combine less-related financial activities on firm value is either negative or insignificant. This implies that market participants have better expectations of the future performance of less diversified firms in managing the risk-return trade-off. Comparing the average CARs of the pre- and post-GLBA eras supports this conclusion.